Fault surface representation and extraction method and system based on fault combination relationship judgment

Abstract

The application discloses a fault surface characterization and extraction method and system based on fault combination relationship judgment. The method comprises the following steps: enhancing the interpretability of target seismic data to obtain an enhanced data volume; establishing a relative isochronous model according to the enhanced data volume to obtain a target horizon; obtaining a sensitive attribute volume according to the enhanced data volume; obtaining an along-layer slice based on the sensitive attribute volume according to the target horizon; obtaining a fault strike according to the along-layer slice, rotating a seismic survey network direction to be perpendicular to the fault strike, and obtaining a fault feature enhanced display profile; judging a fault combination relationship according to the along-layer slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile; and obtaining a three-dimensional fault surface based on the along-layer slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile according to the relationship. The system comprises various functional modules for realizing the above steps. According to the application, the problems of poor fault surface effect generated by an existing post-stack attribute analysis based fault surface generation method and low efficiency of a manual interpretation fault surface method can be solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of oil and gas geophysical exploration, and more particularly relates to a fault surface characterization and extraction method and system based on fault combination relationship judgment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Because of the existence of tectonic stress factors, underground rock layers will inevitably be broken, thus forming faults. In the field of oil and gas exploration, faults can not only serve as channels for oil and gas migration, but also as boundaries of fault block oil and gas fields, thus being able to effectively control the distribution of oil and gas fields. Therefore, accurate identification of faults is of great significance to the exploration and development of oil and gas fields, and further characterization and extraction of fault surfaces are of great significance to later three-dimensional geological modeling and comprehensive research. At present, in practical applications, fault detection and identification are mainly based on post-stack attribute methods, such as coherence, curvature, automatic fault extraction (AFE) and likelihood, etc. Through these attribute methods, hidden seismic information can be better extracted from original seismic data, and the distribution characteristics and boundary profiles of faults can be effectively identified, but there is still a certain distance from three-dimensional fault surface characterization and extraction. Through these post-stack attribute analysis methods, the corresponding attribute volume can be calculated, and on the basis of the generated attribute volume, the breakpoint extraction and breakpoint clustering are performed, and finally the fault surface is generated. However, the fault surface generated by this method is relatively discrete and has poor continuity, and often cannot meet the actual production application requirements.

[0003] Traditional fault surface interpretation mainly relies on manual interpretation. Manual interpretation needs to be interactively interpreted from the inline and crossline directions on the seismic data volume, and gradually encrypted interpretation is performed from a large grid to a small grid to reduce the situation that the fault surface is not closed. When the working area is large, the manual interpretation workload is huge, time-consuming is serious, and the fault surface is not closed in the place where the breakpoint is not clear, which needs to be further modified and interpreted in two directions. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems of poor fault surface effect generated by the existing post-stack attribute analysis based fault surface generation method and low efficiency of manual interpretation of fault surface.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a fault surface characterization and extraction method and system based on fault combination relationship judgment.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present application, a fault surface characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment is provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] Performing interpretive enhancement processing on the pre-acquired target seismic data to obtain an enhanced data volume;

[0008] establish a relative isochron model according to the enhanced data volume, and obtain a target horizon based on the relative isochron model;

[0009] obtain a sensitive attribute volume capable of reflecting the faults according to the enhanced data volume;

[0010] obtain a corresponding along-horizon slice according to the target horizon and based on the sensitive attribute volume;

[0011] obtain a fault trend according to the along-horizon slice, rotate a seismic survey direction to be perpendicular to the fault trend, and obtain a fault feature enhanced display profile;

[0012] make a fault combination relationship judgment according to the along-horizon slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile;

[0013] obtain a three-dimensional fault surface according to the fault combination relationship obtained by the judgment and based on the along-horizon slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile.

[0014] Preferably, the interpretive enhancement processing on the pre-obtained target seismic data to obtain the enhanced data volume comprises:

[0015] obtain a structure guide volume according to the target seismic data;

[0016] obtain a filter volume corresponding to the target seismic data according to the target seismic data and the structure guide volume;

[0017] obtain a dip angle volume and an azimuth angle volume according to the filter volume;

[0018] obtain the enhanced data volume according to the filter volume, the dip angle volume and the azimuth angle volume.

[0019] Preferably, the obtaining of the filter volume corresponding to the target seismic data according to the target seismic data and the structure guide volume specifically comprises:

[0020] calculating the filter volume based on the target seismic data and taking the structure guide volume as a constraint;

[0021] the obtaining of the enhanced data volume according to the filter volume, the dip angle volume and the azimuth angle volume specifically comprises:

[0022] calculating the enhanced data volume based on the filter volume and taking the dip angle volume and the azimuth angle volume as constraints.

[0023] Preferably, before the interpretive enhancement processing on the pre-obtained target seismic data to obtain the enhanced data volume, the fault section representation and extraction method based on the fault combination relationship judgment further comprises:

[0024] Acquiring target seismic data.

[0025] Preferably, the target seismic data is acquired by:

[0026] The original seismic data is de-bad channel and cut-off processed, and the processed seismic data is cut to retain seismic data containing only the target interval.

[0027] Preferably, the fault combination relationship judgment according to the along-layer slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile comprises:

[0028] Obtaining a fault plane trend according to the along-layer slice;

[0029] Obtaining a fault plane dip according to the fault feature enhanced display profile;

[0030] Obtaining a fault combination relationship according to the fault plane trend and the fault plane dip.

[0031] Preferably, the three-dimensional fault plane obtained according to the fault combination relationship and based on the along-layer slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile comprises:

[0032] Interpreting a fault stick on the along-layer slice, and obtaining a preliminary three-dimensional fault plane based on the fault stick;

[0033] Judging whether the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane needs to be corrected according to the fault feature enhanced display profile, if yes, correcting the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane to obtain a final three-dimensional fault plane, if no, taking the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane as the final three-dimensional fault plane.

[0034] Preferably, the interpreting a fault stick on the along-layer slice, and obtaining a preliminary three-dimensional fault plane based on the fault stick comprises:

[0035] Interpreting a fault stick at a position where a breakpoint on the along-layer slice is clear;

[0036] Building a fault plane overall shelf according to the fault stick;

[0037] Interpolating the fault plane overall shelf to obtain a preliminary three-dimensional fault plane.

[0038] Preferably, the judging whether the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane needs to be corrected according to the fault feature enhanced display profile, if yes, correcting the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane to obtain a final three-dimensional fault plane comprises:

[0039] Obtaining a projection of the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane on the fault feature enhanced display profile;

[0040] determining whether the position of the clear break on the fault feature enhanced display profile coincides with the projection, and if not, modifying the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane so that the projection of the modified three-dimensional fault plane on the fault feature enhanced display profile coincides with the position of the clear break on the fault feature enhanced display profile.

[0041] According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a fault representation and extraction system based on fault combination relationship determination, comprising the following functional modules:

[0042] an enhanced data volume acquisition module configured to perform interpretive enhancement processing on the pre-acquired target seismic data to obtain an enhanced data volume;

[0043] a target horizon acquisition module configured to establish a relative isochron model based on the enhanced data volume and acquire a target horizon based on the relative isochron model;

[0044] a sensitive attribute volume acquisition module configured to acquire a sensitive attribute volume capable of reflecting faults based on the enhanced data volume;

[0045] a layer-parallel slice acquisition module configured to acquire a corresponding layer-parallel slice based on the target horizon and the sensitive attribute volume;

[0046] a fault feature enhanced display profile acquisition module configured to acquire a fault strike based on the layer-parallel slice, rotate a seismic surveying network direction to be perpendicular to the fault strike, and acquire a fault feature enhanced display profile;

[0047] a fault combination relationship determination module configured to determine a fault combination relationship based on the layer-parallel slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile;

[0048] a three-dimensional fault plane acquisition module configured to obtain a three-dimensional fault plane based on the determined fault combination relationship and based on the layer-parallel slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile.

[0049] The present application has the following advantages:

[0050] The fault surface characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment of the present application comprises the following steps: first, performing interpretive enhancement processing on the pre-acquired target seismic data to obtain an enhanced data volume; second, establishing a relative isochronal model based on the enhanced data volume and acquiring a target horizon based on the relative isochronal model; third, acquiring a sensitive attribute volume capable of reflecting a fault based on the enhanced data volume; fourth, acquiring a corresponding layer-parallel slice based on the target horizon and the sensitive attribute volume; fifth, acquiring a fault strike based on the layer-parallel slice, rotating the seismic survey network direction to be perpendicular to the fault strike, and obtaining a fault feature enhanced display profile; sixth, performing fault combination relationship judgment based on the layer-parallel slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile; and finally, obtaining a three-dimensional fault surface based on the fault combination relationship obtained by judgment and based on the layer-parallel slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile.

[0051] The fault surface characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment of the present application extracts a layer-parallel slice from a sensitive attribute volume capable of reflecting a fault, rotates a seismic survey network to enhance the fault feature of a profile, and judges the fault combination relationship. After the combination relationship of a fault plane and a fault profile is determined, a fault stick is manually interpreted on the fault plane, the fault surface is characterized and extracted through interpolation, and the preliminarily extracted fault surface is further corrected and improved on the fault profile. The fault surface characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment of the present application comprehensively interprets a fault through the combination relationship judgment of a fault plane and a fault profile, and is more reliable and accurate than the existing fault surface generation method based on post-stack attribute analysis. Compared with the existing purely manual interpretation method of a fault surface, the fault surface characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment of the present application is time-saving and more efficient due to the semi-automatic interpretation mode.

[0052] The fault surface characterization and extraction system based on fault combination relationship judgment of the present application belongs to the same general inventive concept as the above-described fault surface characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment, and therefore has the same beneficial effects as the above-described fault surface characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment, which will not be described again here.

[0053] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0054] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

[0055] Figure 1An implementation flowchart of the fault surface characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment according to the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown;

[0056] Figure 2 A profile of each data volume involved in the seismic data interpretation enhancement process according to the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown;

[0057] Figure 3 A layer slice map according to the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown;

[0058] Figure 4 A seismic survey direction rotation schematic diagram according to the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown;

[0059] Figure 5 A profile of the original seismic survey Line 1 and a profile of the rotated seismic survey Line 2 according to the embodiment 1 of the present application are shown;

[0060] Figure 6 A projection map of the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane on the fault feature enhanced display profile according to the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown;

[0061] Figure 7 A structure modeling map of the three-dimensional fault plane according to the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present application are described below, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present application can be more thoroughly and completely conveyed to those skilled in the art, and the scope of the present application can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0063] Embodiment 1: Figure 1 An implementation flowchart of the fault surface characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment according to the embodiment of the present application is shown. Referring to Figure 1 , the fault surface characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment according to the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0064] Step S100, performing an interpretation enhancement process on the pre-acquired target seismic data to obtain an enhanced data volume;

[0065] Step S200, establishing a relative isochronal model according to the enhanced data volume, and acquiring a target horizon based on the relative isochronal model;

[0066] Step S300, acquiring a sensitive attribute volume capable of reflecting faults according to the enhanced data volume;

[0067] Step S400, according to the target horizon, and based on the sensitive attribute volume, a corresponding along-layer slice is obtained;

[0068] Step S500, according to the along-layer slice, a fault strike is obtained, a seismic survey network direction is rotated to be perpendicular to the fault strike, and a fault feature enhanced display profile is obtained;

[0069] Step S600, according to the along-layer slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile, a fault combination relationship is judged;

[0070] Step S700, according to the fault combination relationship obtained by judgment, and based on the along-layer slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile, a three-dimensional fault surface is obtained.

[0071] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the step S100 of performing interpretive enhancement processing on the pre-acquired target seismic data to obtain an enhanced data volume includes:

[0072] According to the target seismic data, a corresponding structure guide volume is obtained;

[0073] According to the target seismic data and the structure guide volume, a filter volume corresponding to the target seismic data is obtained;

[0074] According to the filter volume, a corresponding dip angle volume and azimuth angle volume are obtained;

[0075] According to the filter volume, the dip angle volume and the azimuth angle volume, the enhanced data volume is obtained.

[0076] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the filter volume corresponding to the target seismic data is obtained according to the target seismic data and the structure guide volume, specifically:

[0077] The filter volume is calculated based on the target seismic data and constrained by the structure guide volume;

[0078] According to the filter volume, the dip angle volume and the azimuth angle volume, the enhanced data volume is obtained, specifically:

[0079] The enhanced data volume is calculated based on the filter volume and constrained by the dip angle volume and the azimuth angle volume.

[0080] Further, the fault surface representation and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment in the embodiment of the present application, before the step S100 of performing interpretive enhancement processing on the pre-acquired target seismic data to obtain an enhanced data volume, further includes the following steps:

[0081] Target seismic data is obtained.

[0082] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the target seismic data is obtained in the following way:

[0083] The original seismic data is subjected to bad trace removal and cutting, and the processed seismic data is cut to retain only seismic data of the target interval.

[0084] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the step S600 of judging the fault combination relationship according to the along-layer slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile comprises:

[0085] obtaining the fault plane trend according to the along-layer slice;

[0086] obtaining the fault plane dip according to the fault feature enhanced display profile;

[0087] obtaining the fault combination relationship according to the fault plane trend and the fault plane dip.

[0088] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the step S700 of obtaining the three-dimensional fault plane according to the fault combination relationship obtained by the judgment and based on the along-layer slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile comprises:

[0089] interpreting the fault stick on the along-layer slice and obtaining the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane based on the fault stick;

[0090] judging whether the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane needs to be corrected according to the fault feature enhanced display profile, if yes, correcting the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane to obtain the final three-dimensional fault plane, and if no, taking the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane as the final three-dimensional fault plane.

[0091] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the step of interpreting the fault stick on the along-layer slice and obtaining the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane based on the fault stick comprises:

[0092] interpreting the fault stick at the position where the breakpoint on the along-layer slice is clear;

[0093] building the overall shelf of the profile according to the fault stick;

[0094] interpolating the overall shelf of the profile to obtain the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane.

[0095] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the step of judging whether the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane needs to be corrected according to the fault feature enhanced display profile, if yes, correcting the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane to obtain the final three-dimensional fault plane comprises:

[0096] obtaining the projection of the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane on the fault feature enhanced display profile;

[0097] determining whether the position of the clear break on the fault feature enhanced display profile coincides with the projection, and if not, modifying the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane so that the projection of the modified three-dimensional fault plane on the fault feature enhanced display profile coincides with the position of the clear break on the fault feature enhanced display profile.

[0098] The core of the fault combination relationship judgment section representation and extraction method is to analyze the fault combination relationship by establishing a relative isochronal model and extracting a sensitive attribute volume reflecting the fault, to correctly judge the combination relationship of the fault, and to finally realize the representation and extraction of the section after interactive interpretation of the fault plane and the fault profile. The fault combination relationship judgment section representation and extraction method can efficiently and accurately interpret the fault plane, and is suitable for popularization and application in the relative development area of the fault.

[0099] The fault combination relationship judgment section representation and extraction method will be described in more detail as follows:

[0100] The specific implementation steps of the fault combination relationship judgment section representation and extraction method are as follows:

[0101] 1. Seismic data interpretation enhancement processing: The seismic data interpretation enhancement processing mainly includes two aspects of structure-oriented filtering and dip imaging enhancement. First, the original seismic data is taken as input data to calculate the structure-oriented volume, and then the original seismic data and the calculated structure-oriented volume are taken as input data to remove random noise and other interference to obtain a filtered data volume. Then, the dip volume and azimuth volume are calculated based on the filtered data volume, and then the filtered data volume and the calculated dip volume and azimuth volume are taken as input data to perform dip imaging enhancement by using the correlation weighted median filtering method to obtain an enhanced data volume to further enhance the ability of the seismic data to depict the fault boundary. Of course, in the preprocessing stage, bad channels can be removed, and cutting can be performed. In order to improve the calculation efficiency, the original data can also be cut to retain only the seismic data of the target layer.

[0102] 2. Fault combination relationship judgment: The fault combination relationship judgment mainly includes the following four aspects:

[0103] 2.1. According to the enhanced data volume, a relative isochronal model is established, the seismic data is divided into a grid model that can be automatically tracked, and a series of horizons are extracted based on the grid model.

[0104] 2.2. According to the enhanced data volume, a sensitive attribute volume reflecting the fault is extracted.

[0105] 2.3. Using the horizons extracted by the relative isochronal model, the layer slices are extracted based on the sensitive attribute volume.

[0106] 2.4, Rotate the seismic survey direction, rotate the seismic survey direction to be perpendicular to the fault strike, obtain a fault feature enhanced display profile to enhance the feature display of the fault on the profile.

[0107] Through the above four steps, a series of along-layer slices of the sensitive attribute volume and the fault feature enhanced display profile can be obtained.

[0108] 2.5, According to the along-layer slices, the strike of the fault is grasped, according to the fault feature enhanced display profile, the tendency of the fault is grasped, and the fault combination relationship is judged in combination with the fault distribution characteristics and development law of the two.

[0109] 3, Section representation and extraction: after determining the fault combination relationship, the fault stick is explained at the position of clear breakpoint on the along-layer slice, the overall shelf of the section is built, and the preliminary fault surface is obtained through interpolation. Then the projection line of the interpolated section on the fault feature enhanced display profile is corrected to the true breakpoint position on the fault feature enhanced display profile on the fault feature enhanced display profile, and if the projection line coincides with the true breakpoint position on the fault feature enhanced display profile, no correction is needed. Finally, a high-precision three-dimensional fault surface can be obtained, which further prepares for subsequent structural interpretation.

[0110] The beneficial effects of the section representation and extraction method of the fault combination relationship judgment of the embodiment of the present application are described based on a specific example as follows:

[0111] The actual data of a certain area is taken as the target seismic data, and the section representation and extraction method of the fault combination relationship judgment of the embodiment of the present application is implemented based on the target seismic data. In the implementation process, the following figures are obtained:

[0112] Figure 2 The profile of each data volume involved in the seismic data interpretation enhancement processing process of the embodiment of the present application is shown. Among them, Figure 2 a is the original seismic profile, from Figure 2 As can be seen from a, the fracture feature is relatively obvious, but the overall signal-to-noise ratio is low, and the breakpoint position is not clear enough, which is not conducive to the subsequent correction interpretation of the section. Figure 2 b is the profile of the structure guide volume calculated by taking the original seismic data as the input data. Figure 2 c is the profile of the filter volume calculated based on the original seismic data and taking the structure guide volume as the constraint. Figure 2 d is the profile of the dip angle volume calculated by taking the filter volume as the input data. Figure 2 e is the profile of the azimuth angle volume calculated by taking the filter volume as the input data. Figure 2 f is the profile of the enhanced data volume calculated based on the filter volume data and taking the dip angle volume and the azimuth angle volume as the constraint. By comparingFigure 2 a、 Figure 2 c with Figure 2 f it can be known that, compared with the original seismic profile, the random noise of the filtered body profile is obviously reduced, and the signal-to-noise ratio is greatly improved; compared with the filtered body profile, the signal-to-noise ratio of the enhanced data body profile is further improved, and the fault break is more obvious, and the breakpoint position is more clear.

[0113] Figure 3 A layer slice graph of an embodiment of the application is shown. Figure 3 The breakpoint connecting line indicates the fault trend, Line1 is a seismic survey line before the survey network rotation, and Line2 is a seismic survey line at the same breakpoint after the survey network rotation. The rotation operation of the seismic survey network direction is as shown in Figure 4 .

[0114] Figure 5 The original seismic survey network Line1 profile graph and the rotated seismic survey network Line2 profile graph of an embodiment of the application are shown. The left graph is the original seismic survey network Line1 profile graph, and the right graph is the rotated seismic survey network Line2 profile graph. By comparing the original seismic survey network Line1 profile graph and the rotated seismic survey network Line2 profile graph, it can be known that after the rotation of the seismic survey network direction, the display of the fault on the profile is clearer, and the characteristics are more obvious.

[0115] Figure 6 The projection graph of the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane on the fault feature enhanced display profile of an embodiment of the application is shown. The projection line 1 and the projection line 2 are respectively the projections of two sections in the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane on the fault feature enhanced display profile. According to Figure 6 It can be known that the projection line 1 and the projection line 2 are both coincided with the real breakpoint on the fault feature enhanced display profile.

[0116] Figure 7 The structure modeling graph of the three-dimensional fault plane of an embodiment of the application is shown. The upper graph is the final three-dimensional fault plane and the three-dimensional display graph of the corresponding horizon formed by interpolating the whole shelf of the section and after the correction and improvement, and the lower graph is the structure modeling result graph based on the three-dimensional fault plane and the horizon.

[0117] Based on the whole idea and process of the fault section representation and extraction method based on the fault combination relationship judgment of the embodiment of the application, the fault section representation and extraction of the actual data of a certain area are realized, and can be applied in subsequent structure modeling. The semi-automatic interpretation method of the embodiment of the application not only improves the reliability and accuracy of the fault section interpretation, but also greatly shortens the interpretation time, and has good effect in actual production application.

[0118] Embodiment 2: Based on the fault surface characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment proposed in embodiment 1, the embodiment of the present application proposes a fault surface characterization and extraction system based on fault combination relationship judgment.

[0119] The fault surface characterization and extraction system based on fault combination relationship judgment in the embodiment of the present application comprises the following functional modules:

[0120] The enhanced data volume acquisition module is used for interpretive enhancement processing on the pre-acquired target seismic data to obtain an enhanced data volume.

[0121] The target horizon acquisition module is used for establishing a relative isochronal model according to the enhanced data volume, and acquiring a target horizon based on the relative isochronal model.

[0122] The sensitive attribute volume acquisition module is used for acquiring a sensitive attribute volume capable of reflecting a fault according to the enhanced data volume.

[0123] The along-layer slice acquisition module is used for acquiring a corresponding along-layer slice according to the target horizon and based on the sensitive attribute volume.

[0124] The fault feature enhanced display profile acquisition module is used for acquiring a fault strike according to the along-layer slice, rotating a seismic survey network direction to be perpendicular to the fault strike, and acquiring a fault feature enhanced display profile.

[0125] The fault combination relationship judgment module is used for judging a fault combination relationship according to the along-layer slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile.

[0126] The three-dimensional fault plane acquisition module is used for obtaining a three-dimensional fault plane according to the judged fault combination relationship and based on the along-layer slice and the fault feature enhanced display profile.

[0127] The fault surface characterization and extraction system based on fault combination relationship judgment in the embodiment of the present application obtains a series of along-layer slices by establishing a relative isochronal model and extracting a sensitive attribute volume capable of reflecting a fault, simultaneously rotates a seismic survey network to enhance the feature display of the fault on a profile, determines a fault combination relationship in combination with the fault distribution characteristics and development law of the two, and finally realizes the characterization and extraction of a three-dimensional fault surface through semi-automatic interactive interpretation of a fault plane and a fault profile. The three-dimensional fault surface obtained by the fault surface characterization and extraction system based on fault combination relationship judgment in the embodiment of the present application has high precision and less time consumption, which is beneficial to accelerating the structural interpretation link in the scientific research and production process.

[0128] Having described various embodiments of the application, it is to be understood that the above description is meant to be illustrative only, and that many modifications and variations of the embodiments are possible without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. Many modifications and variations of the described embodiments are possible in light of the above teachings. It is, therefore, to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents, the described embodiments can be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

Claims

1. A cross-section characterization and extraction method based on the judgment of fault combination relationships, characterized in that: include: Performing interpretive enhancement processing on the pre-acquired target seismic data to obtain an enhanced data volume; Establishing a relative isochronous model according to the enhanced data volume, and acquiring a target horizon based on the relative isochronous model; Acquire a sensitive attribute body capable of reflecting the fault according to the enhanced data body; According to the target layer and based on the sensitive attribute body, corresponding slices along the layer are obtained; According to the fault strike obtained by the layer-by-layer slicing, the direction of the seismic network is rotated to be perpendicular to the fault strike, and a section showing enhanced display of fault features is obtained; Determine the fault combination relationship based on the layer-by-layer slices and the enhanced display section of the fault features; Obtaining a three-dimensional fault plane based on the fault combination relationship obtained by judgment and on the enhanced display section along the layer slice and the fault feature; The performing of interpretive enhancement processing on the pre-acquired target seismic data to obtain an enhanced data volume includes: Acquiring a corresponding structural guide body according to the target seismic data; Acquire a filter volume corresponding to the target seismic data according to the target seismic data and the structural guide volume; Acquire corresponding inclination body and azimuth body according to the filter body; The enhanced data volume is acquired according to the filter volume, the tilt volume, and the azimuth volume.

2. The cross-section characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filter body corresponding to the target seismic data is obtained according to the target seismic data and the structural guide body, specifically: The filter volume is obtained by calculation based on the target seismic data and with the structural guide volume as a constraint; The step of obtaining the enhanced data volume according to the filter volume, the inclination volume, and the azimuth volume is specifically as follows: The enhanced data volume is obtained by calculation based on the filter volume and with the inclination volume and the azimuth volume as constraints.

3. The cross-section characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Before performing interpretive enhancement processing on the pre-acquired target seismic data to obtain an enhanced data volume, the method further includes: Acquire target seismic data.

4. The cross-section characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The target seismic data is obtained in the following manner: The original seismic data is processed to remove bad tracks and cut, and the processed seismic data is cut to retain the seismic data containing only the target layer segment.

5. The cross-section characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The determining of the fault combination relationship based on the slice along the layer and the enhanced display section of the fault feature includes: Obtaining the fault plane direction according to the layer-by-layer slicing; Enhance the display section to obtain the fault plane inclination according to the fault characteristics; The fault combination relationship is obtained according to the fault plane strike and the fault plane dip.

6. The cross-section characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The method of obtaining a three-dimensional fault plane by judging the obtained fault combination relationship and enhancing the display section based on the layer-by-layer slicing and the fault characteristics includes: Interpreting fault sticks on the slices along the layer, and obtaining a preliminary three-dimensional fault plane based on the fault sticks; According to the enhanced display section of the fault feature, it is determined whether the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane needs to be corrected. If so, the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane is corrected to obtain the final three-dimensional fault plane. If not, the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane is used as the final three-dimensional fault plane.

7. The cross-section characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The step of interpreting fault sticks on the slices along the layer and obtaining a preliminary three-dimensional fault plane based on the fault sticks includes: Interpreting fault sticks at locations where the fault points on the slices are clear; Building a cross-section integral shelf according to the cross-section sticks; The entire cross-section is interpolated to obtain a preliminary three-dimensional fault plane.

8. The cross-section characterization and extraction method based on fault combination relationship judgment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The step of determining whether the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane needs to be corrected based on the enhanced display section of the fault feature, and if so, correcting the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane to obtain a final three-dimensional fault plane includes: Acquire a projection of the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane on the fault feature enhanced display section; Determine whether the position where the breakpoint is clear on the section displaying the enhanced fault feature coincides with the projection; if not, correct the preliminary three-dimensional fault plane so that the projection of the corrected three-dimensional fault plane on the section displaying the enhanced fault feature coincides with the position where the breakpoint is clear on the section displaying the enhanced fault feature.

9. A cross-section representation and extraction system based on fault combination relationship judgment is characterized by: include: An enhanced data volume acquisition module is used to perform interpretive enhancement processing on pre-acquired target seismic data to obtain an enhanced data volume; a target layer acquisition module, configured to establish a relative isochronous model according to the enhanced data volume, and acquire a target layer based on the relative isochronous model; A sensitive attribute body acquisition module, configured to acquire a sensitive attribute body capable of reflecting a fault according to the enhanced data body; A layer slice acquisition module, configured to acquire corresponding layer slices according to the target layer and based on the sensitive attribute body; A fault feature enhanced display section acquisition module is used to obtain the fault strike according to the layer-by-layer slicing, rotate the seismic network direction to be perpendicular to the fault strike, and obtain the fault feature enhanced display section; A fault combination relationship judgment module, configured to judge the fault combination relationship based on the layer-by-layer slices and the enhanced display section of the fault features; A three-dimensional fault plane acquisition module is used to obtain a three-dimensional fault plane based on the fault combination relationship obtained by judgment and the enhanced display section based on the layer-by-layer slices and the fault characteristics; The performing of interpretive enhancement processing on the pre-acquired target seismic data to obtain an enhanced data volume includes: Acquiring a corresponding structural guide body according to the target seismic data; Acquire a filter volume corresponding to the target seismic data according to the target seismic data and the structural guide volume; Acquire corresponding inclination body and azimuth body according to the filter body; The enhanced data volume is acquired according to the filter volume, the tilt volume, and the azimuth volume.

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