A fermented feed raw material and preparation method thereof and feed

Abstract

The invention discloses a fermented feed raw material, a preparation method thereof and a feed, and belongs to the field of feed technology. The fermented feed raw material is obtained by fermenting a mixture of bamboo powder and peanut meal with a fermented biological agent; wherein the fermented biological agent is obtained by mixing a fermentation liquid with a protease and water; and the fermentation liquid is obtained by mixed fermentation of Bacillus natto and Herba Euphorbiae. The raw material can effectively solve the shortcomings of low protein content of bamboo powder as a raw material, unbalanced amino acid content of peanut meal, and easy mildew, reduce anti-nutritional factors in bamboo powder and peanut meal, and improve the feeding value of bamboo powder and peanut meal. The preparation method of the fermented feed raw material is simple and easy to operate, and can be promoted on a large scale in production. The fermented feed raw material can replace soybean meal in fattening pig feed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of feed, and in particular to a fermented feed raw material, a preparation method thereof and a feed. Background Art

[0002] At present, the feed industry is highly dependent on food resources, and the contradiction between "people and animals competing for food" is becoming increasingly severe. At the same time, feed raw materials such as soybean meal are heavily dependent on imports, which seriously affects the production safety of livestock, poultry and aquatic products in my country. The development of non-grain feed raw materials is crucial to the sustainable and healthy development of the breeding industry.

[0003] my country is the country with the richest bamboo resources in the world, and the output of bamboo products ranks first in the world. With the development of bamboo processing industry in recent years, the residue has increased significantly. Bamboo raw materials have high fiber content and low protein content. At present, they are mostly used in ruminant feed. Research on non-ruminant animals focuses on using bamboo powder or bamboo powder extract as an additive (addition amount is about 1%), which plays a role in anti-stress, antibacterial and immune regulation.

[0004] my country has a high peanut production. Peanut meal is a product made by pressing and refining peanut kernels with oil. Unlike bamboo powder, its crude protein content is as high as 45%. However, due to the unbalanced amino acid ratio of peanut meal, it is easily infected by Aspergillus flavus and produces aflatoxin, which damages the liver and growth performance of animals, thus limiting its proportion in feed.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a fermented feed raw material, which can effectively solve the shortcomings of low protein content of bamboo powder as a raw material, unbalanced amino acid content of peanut meal, and easy mildew, so as to improve the feeding value of bamboo powder and peanut meal.

[0007] A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned fermented feed raw material.

[0008] The third object of the present invention is to provide a feed containing the above fermented feed raw material.

[0009] This application can be implemented as follows:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present application provides a fermented feed raw material, which is obtained by fermenting a mixture of bamboo powder and peanut meal with a fermented biological agent;

[0011] Among them, fermented biological preparations are obtained by mixing fermentation broth with protease and water;

[0012] The fermentation liquid is obtained by mixed fermentation of Bacillus natto and Herba Euphorbiae.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned fermented feed raw material, comprising the following steps: fermenting a mixture of bamboo powder and peanut meal with a fermentation biological preparation.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the mass ratio of bamboo powder to peanut meal is 2:5.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, 18-22 mL of the fermentation biological preparation is used for every 10 kg of the mixture of bamboo powder and peanut meal.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the fermentation of the mixture of bamboo powder and peanut meal is carried out aerobically at 45-50° C. for 64-80 hours.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, during the fermentation process, the fermentation is performed once every 2-4 hours.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the preparation of the fermentation liquid comprises: inoculating the seed liquid of Bacillus natto into the fermentation medium for fermentation;

[0019] The fermentation medium is obtained by mixing Herba Euphorbiae Herba and MRS liquid medium.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the usage ratio of Euphorbia obesa to MRS liquid culture medium is 60-100 g:1L.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the inoculation amount of the seed liquid of Bacillus natto in the fermentation medium is 6-10 vt%.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the fermentation after the seed liquid of Bacillus natto is inoculated into the fermentation medium is carried out at 35-37° C. for 32-40 hours.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, the mass ratio of fermentation broth to protease and water is 1:0.4-0.6:18-22.

[0024] In an alternative embodiment, the protease is an acid protease.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, the natto Bacillus subtilis is the natto Bacillus subtilis with a deposit number of ACCC 19833;

[0026] and / or, the concentration of the Bacillus natto seed solution is 1.8×10 9 -2.2×10 9 CFU / mL.

[0027] In a third aspect, the present application provides a feed comprising the above-mentioned fermented feed raw material, and the feed does not contain soybean meal.

[0028] In an alternative embodiment, the feed is a fattening pig feed.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this application include:

[0030] The fermented feed raw material provided by the present application can effectively solve the shortcomings of bamboo powder as a raw material with low protein content, unbalanced amino acid content of peanut meal, and easy mildew, reduce the anti-nutritional factors in bamboo powder and peanut meal, and improve the feeding value of bamboo powder and peanut meal. The preparation method of the fermented feed raw material is simple and easy to operate, and can be promoted on a large scale in production. The fermented feed raw material can replace soybean meal in fattening pig feed, which is beneficial to improve the growth performance of fattening pigs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0032] The fermented feed raw materials, preparation methods and feed provided in this application are described in detail below.

[0033] The fermented feed raw material provided by the present application is obtained by fermenting a mixture of bamboo powder and peanut meal with a fermentation biological agent.

[0034] Among them, fermented biological preparations are obtained by mixing fermentation broth with protease and water;

[0035] The fermentation liquid is obtained by mixed fermentation of Bacillus natto and Herba Euphorbiae.

[0036] It should be noted that bamboo powder is rarely used as an energy raw material in non-ruminant animal feed in the prior art. The present application creatively mixes bamboo powder and peanut meal and then performs special pretreatment, so that it can be used as an energy raw material in feed instead of soybean meal.

[0037] Accordingly, the method for preparing the fermented feed raw material may include the following steps: fermenting a mixture of bamboo powder and peanut meal with a fermentation biological agent.

[0038] In the fermented biological preparation, the mass ratio of fermentation broth to protease and water can be 1:0.4-0.6:18-22, such as 1:0.4:18, 1:0.4:19, 1:0.4:20, 1:0.4:21, 1:0.4:22, 1:0.5:18, 1:0.5:19, 1:0.5:20, 1:0.5:21, 1:0.5:22, 1:0.6:18, 1:0.6:19, 1:0.6:20, 1:0.6:21 or 1:0.6:22, etc., preferably 1:0.5:20.

[0039] Preferably, the above-mentioned protease is an acidic protease.

[0040] Since organic acids are produced during the fermentation process, and the protease produced by the Bacillus natto used in the present invention is mostly alkaline protease, the fermented biological preparation focuses on supplementing acidic protease.

[0041] For reference, the preparation of the fermentation liquid includes: inoculating the seed liquid of Bacillus natto into the fermentation medium for fermentation;

[0042] The fermentation medium is obtained by mixing Herba Euphorbiae Herba and MRS liquid medium.

[0043] Among them, after being washed and dried, the herb is crushed into 80-120 mesh powder, and then evenly mixed with MRS liquid culture medium in an amount of 60-100g:1L (such as 60g:1L, 65g:1L, 70g:1L, 75g:1L, 80g:1L, 85g:1L, 90g:1L, 95g:1L or 100g:1L, etc., preferably 80g:1L) to obtain a fermentation medium.

[0044] The above-mentioned Herba Euphorbiae Herba contains flavonoids and gallic acid, has a wide antibacterial spectrum, and has an obvious effect of neutralizing bacterial toxins. In addition, it also contains nutrients such as trace elements and vitamins, which can not only provide multiple nutrients for the growth of Bacillus natto, promote the proliferation and growth of Bacillus natto, but also inhibit the reproduction of Aspergillus flavus. In addition, it can be used in feed to enhance the intestinal function of animals, reduce the absorption of mycotoxins, improve the detoxification ability of the liver, and reduce the impact of mycotoxins.

[0045] The inoculation amount of the seed solution of Bacillus natto in the fermentation medium can be 6-10vt% (such as 6vt%, 6.5vt%, 7vt%, 7.5vt%, 8vt%, 8.5vt%, 9vt%, 9.5vt% or 10vt%, etc., preferably 8vt%).

[0046] After the seed liquid of Bacillus natto is inoculated into the fermentation medium, the fermentation is carried out at 35-37° C. (such as 36° C.) for 32-40 h (such as 32 h, 34 h, 36 h, 38 h or 40 h, etc., preferably 36 h).

[0047] The seed solution of the above-mentioned Bacillus natto can be obtained by the following method:

[0048] In a sterile operating table, transfer Bacillus natto into a sterilized MRS liquid culture medium, culture at 28-32°C (preferably 30°C) for 10-14h (preferably 12h), inoculate on an MRS solid nutrient medium, and then culture for another 20-28h (such as 24h), pick a single, mature colony and inoculate it into the MRS nutrient solution, culture for 3 consecutive generations, and store in a refrigerator at 4°C for later use.

[0049] The MRS liquid culture medium was prepared by mixing casein peptone (10 g), beef extract (10 g), yeast extract (5 g), glucose (5 g), Tween-80 (1 g), MgSO4·7H2O (0.2 g), C6H 17 N3O7 (2 g), CH3COONa (5 g), K2HPO4 (2 g), and MnSO4·H2O (0.05 g) were added to 1 L of distilled water and stirred to completely dissolve. The pH was adjusted to 7.0, and the mixture was sterilized under high pressure at 120°C for 30 min. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and set aside.

[0050] Preparation of MRS solid culture medium: Add 1.5 g agar powder to every 100 mL of MRS liquid culture medium, mix well, and sterilize under high pressure at 120°C for 30 min.

[0051] It should be noted that the component ratios of the above-mentioned MRS liquid culture medium and MRS solid culture medium can be appropriately adjusted according to actual conditions and are not excessively limited here.

[0052] The bacterial concentration of the natto Bacillus subtilis seed solution was adjusted to 1.8 × 10 9 -2.2×10 9 CFU / mL (e.g. 1.8×10 9 CFU / mL, 1.9×10 9 CFU / mL, 2.0×10 9 CFU / mL, 2.1×10 9 CFU / mL or 2.2×10 9 CFU / mL, etc., preferably 2.0×10 9 CFU / mL).

[0053] The Bacillus natto is a Bacillus natto with a collection number of ACCC 19833, purchased from the China Agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection Center.

[0054] It should be noted that Bacillus natto is a subspecies of Bacillus subtilis, which can produce a variety of antibiotics and enzymes, has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and strong stress resistance, can regulate intestinal flora, and enhance animal cellular immune response. This application specifically uses Bacillus natto purchased from the China Agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center with a preservation number of ACCC 19833, which is Gram-positive, endospores, has strong heat resistance, and the spores are oval or columnar, mesophytic or semi-mesophytic. In this application, it can generate a variety of proteases (especially alkaline proteases), saccharifying enzymes, lipases, and amylases, which effectively degrade macromolecular proteins and certain complex carbohydrates in plant feeds.

[0055] By using Bacillus natto and Herba Euphorbiae together, it is not only non-toxic, harmless and pollution-free, but also can enhance the efficacy through mutual promotion, inhibit the growth and proliferation of harmful bacteria during the fermentation process, reduce the production of mycotoxins, reduce free radicals and toxins in the body, reduce the anti-nutritional factors in bamboo powder and peanut meal, and reduce the burden on animal liver. On this basis, by adding protease, the three "bacteria, enzymes and medicines" can play a role in mutual cooperation, and improve the protein content and feeding value of bamboo powder and peanut meal after fermentation.

[0056] In addition, the present application optimizes the ratio of bacteria, enzymes, and traditional Chinese medicine so that the temperature of the fermentation product can ultimately be maintained at around 40-45°C, achieving a dynamic balance between heat production and heat dissipation. While ensuring the activity of the bacterial agent, the enzymatic hydrolysis of bamboo powder and peanut meal is achieved, thereby improving the feeding value.

[0057] In the present application, the mass ratio of bamboo powder to peanut meal is 2:5.

[0058] It should be noted that if the mass ratio of bamboo powder and peanut meal is not 2:5, if the proportion of bamboo powder is high (for example, the mass ratio of bamboo powder and peanut meal is 1:5), the protein proportion of the raw material after fermentation will be too low; if the proportion of peanut meal is high (for example, the mass ratio of bamboo powder and peanut meal is 5:5), the aflatoxin content of the raw material after fermentation will be too high.

[0059] Before fermentation, the bamboo powder and peanut meal can be crushed and then sieved (such as 80 mesh).

[0060] In some optional embodiments, the initial moisture content of the bamboo powder and peanut meal can be controlled at 40-50 wt % to facilitate bacterial reproduction.

[0061] In the present application, 18-22 mL (such as 18 mL, 19 mL, 20 mL, 21 mL or 22 mL, etc., preferably 20 mL) of the above fermented biological preparation is used for every 10 kg of the mixture of bamboo powder and peanut meal.

[0062] It should be noted that if the amount of fermentation biological agents used is too little, the fermentation effect will be affected; if the amount of fermentation biological agents used is too much, secondary biomass will be produced, excessive feed raw material energy will be consumed, and the nutritional value of the raw materials will be reduced.

[0063] The fermented biological preparation can be uniformly sprayed into the mixture of bamboo powder and peanut meal by spraying or sprinkling.

[0064] Subsequently, the mixture of bamboo powder and peanut meal sprayed with fermentation biological agents is placed in a fermentation box and aerobically fermented for 64-80 hours (such as 64 hours, 68 hours, 72 hours, 76 hours or 80 hours, etc., preferably 72 hours) at 45-50°C (such as 40°C, 42°C, 45°C, 48°C or 50°C, etc.).

[0065] More specifically, after the above-mentioned materials are placed in a fermentation box, they are naturally heated up. When the temperature of the materials rises to 45-50°C, the balance is maintained. They are turned over every 2-4 hours (such as 3 hours) and aerobically fermented for 64-80 hours. Subsequently, they are dried in a dryer at a temperature of 65-75°C until the moisture content of the materials is about 10wt%, thereby obtaining fermented feed raw materials.

[0066] Based on the above, the above solution provided by this application has at least the following characteristics:

[0067] (1) Using fresh bacterial liquid of Bacillus natto, the live bacteria have high activity, and adding Herba Euphorbiae can improve the activity of the bacteria. Inoculating it into peanut meal and bamboo powder can inhibit the formation of mold, degrade anti-nutritional factors, and enhance the probiotic efficacy of the raw materials. It has advantages that cannot be compared with directly adding bacterial powder for fermentation.

[0068] (2) Peanut meal and bamboo powder are fermented simultaneously to obtain fermentation products. Only one fermentation is needed to solve the shortcomings of low protein content of bamboo powder as a raw material, unbalanced amino acid content of peanut meal, and easy mildew. The anti-nutritional factors in bamboo powder and peanut meal are degraded, and the feeding value of bamboo powder and peanut meal is improved. In addition, the fermentation method is simple and easy to operate, and can be promoted on a large scale in production.

[0069] In addition, the present application also provides a feed, which contains the above-mentioned fermented feed raw materials and does not contain soybean meal.

[0070] It can also be understood that in the feed, the energy raw material soybean meal contained in the conventional feed is replaced by the fermented feed raw material provided by the present application.

[0071] For reference, the feed may be feed for fattening pigs, for example, feed for fattening pigs weighing 70-90 kg.

[0072] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] This embodiment provides a fermented feed raw material, which is prepared by the following method:

[0075] Step (1): preparing Bacillus natto seed solution.

[0076] In a sterile operating table, Bacillus natto (accession number ACCC 19833, purchased from China Agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection Management Center) was transferred into sterilized MRS liquid culture medium, cultured at 30°C for 12 h, and then inoculated on MRS solid nutrient medium. After another 24 hours of culture, a single, mature colony was picked and inoculated into MRS nutrient solution. The culture was continued for 3 generations and stored in a refrigerator at 4°C for later use.

[0077] Before proceeding to the next step, adjust the bacterial concentration of the natto Bacillus subtilis seed solution to 2.0×10 9 CFU / mL.

[0078] The MRS liquid medium was prepared as follows: casein peptone (10 g), beef extract (10 g), yeast extract (5 g), glucose (5 g), Tween-80 (1 g), MgSO4·7H2O (0.2 g), C6H 17 N3O7 (2 g), CH3COONa (5 g), K2HPO4 (2 g), and MnSO4·H2O (0.05 g) were added to 1 L of distilled water and stirred to completely dissolve. The pH was adjusted to 7.0, and the mixture was sterilized under high pressure at 120°C for 30 min. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and set aside.

[0079] MRS solid medium was prepared as follows: 1.5 g agar powder was added to every 100 mL of MRS liquid medium, mixed well, and then autoclaved at 120°C for 30 min.

[0080] Step (2): preparing fermentation biological preparation.

[0081] Take the herb, clean and dry it, and crush it into 100 mesh powder.

[0082] Take 1 L of MRS liquid culture medium, add 80 g of Euphorbia cerasifera powder, and mix well to obtain a fermentation medium.

[0083] The inoculation amount of the Bacillus natto seed liquid accounts for 8% of the volume of the fermentation medium. The Bacillus natto seed liquid in step (1) is inoculated into the fermentation medium, fermented at 36° C. for 36 hours, and filtered to obtain the fermentation liquid.

[0084] The fermentation liquid: acidic protease: water are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:0.5:20 to obtain a fermentation biological preparation.

[0085] Step (3): preparing fermented feed raw materials.

[0086] The bamboo powder and peanut meal with an initial moisture content of 45% are crushed, passed through 80 meshes and mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 2:5. The fermented biological agent is evenly sprayed on the bamboo powder and peanut meal, and the spraying amount is 20mL of the fermented biological agent per 10kg of feed; then placed in a fermentation box, naturally heated, and the material is kept balanced when the temperature rises to 45-50°C, turned over every 3 hours, aerobically fermented for 72 hours, and then dried in a dryer at 70°C to a moisture content of about 10wt%, to obtain the bamboo powder and peanut meal fermentation product.

[0087] Example 2

[0088] This embodiment provides a fermented feed raw material, which is prepared by the following method:

[0089] Step (1): preparing Bacillus natto seed solution.

[0090] In a sterile operating table, Bacillus natto (accession number ACCC 19833, purchased from China Agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection Management Center) was transferred into sterilized MRS liquid culture medium, cultured at 28°C for 14 h, and then inoculated on MRS solid nutrient medium. After another 20 hours of culture, a single, mature colony was picked and inoculated into MRS nutrient solution. The culture was continued for 3 generations and stored in a refrigerator at 4°C for later use.

[0091] Before proceeding to the next step, adjust the bacterial concentration of the natto Bacillus subtilis seed solution to 1.8×10 9 CFU / mL.

[0092] The MRS liquid medium was prepared as follows: casein peptone (10 g), beef extract (10 g), yeast extract (5 g), glucose (5 g), Tween-80 (1 g), MgSO4·7H2O (0.2 g), C6H 17 N3O7 (2 g), CH3COONa (5 g), K2HPO4 (2 g), and MnSO4·H2O (0.05 g) were added to 1 L of distilled water and stirred to completely dissolve. The pH was adjusted to 7.0, and the mixture was sterilized under high pressure at 120°C for 30 min. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and set aside.

[0093] MRS solid medium was prepared as follows: 1.5 g agar powder was added to every 100 mL of MRS liquid medium, mixed well, and then autoclaved at 120°C for 30 min.

[0094] Step (2): preparing fermentation biological preparation.

[0095] Take the herb, clean and dry it, and crush it into 80 mesh powder.

[0096] Take 1 L of MRS liquid culture medium, add 60 g of Euphorbia cerasifera powder, and mix well to obtain a fermentation medium.

[0097] The inoculation amount of the Bacillus natto seed liquid accounts for 6% of the volume of the fermentation medium. The Bacillus natto seed liquid in step (1) is inoculated into the fermentation medium, and fermented at 35° C. for 40 hours. The fermentation liquid is filtered to obtain the fermentation liquid.

[0098] The fermentation liquid: acidic protease: water are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:0.4:18 to obtain a fermentation biological preparation.

[0099] Step (3): preparing fermented feed raw materials.

[0100] The bamboo powder and peanut meal with an initial moisture content of 40% are crushed, passed through 80 meshes and mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 2:5. The fermented biological agent is evenly sprayed on the bamboo powder and peanut meal, and the spraying amount is 18 mL of the fermented biological agent per 10 kg of feed; then placed in a fermentation box, naturally heated, and the material is kept in balance when the temperature rises to 45-50°C, turned over every 2 hours, aerobically fermented for 64 hours, and then dried in a dryer at 65°C to a moisture content of about 10wt%, to obtain the fermented bamboo powder and peanut meal.

[0101] Example 3

[0102] This embodiment provides a fermented feed raw material, which is prepared by the following method:

[0103] Step (1): preparing Bacillus natto seed solution.

[0104] In a sterile operating table, Bacillus natto (accession number ACCC 19833, purchased from China Agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection Center) was transferred into sterilized MRS liquid culture medium, cultured at 32°C for 10 h, and then inoculated on MRS solid nutrient medium. After another 28 hours of culture, a single, mature colony was picked and inoculated into MRS nutrient solution. The culture was continued for 3 generations and stored in a refrigerator at 4°C for later use.

[0105] Before proceeding to the next step, adjust the bacterial concentration of the natto Bacillus subtilis seed solution to 2.2×10 9 CFU / mL.

[0106] The MRS liquid medium was prepared as follows: casein peptone (10 g), beef extract (10 g), yeast extract (5 g), glucose (5 g), Tween-80 (1 g), MgSO4·7H2O (0.2 g), C6H 17N3O7 (2 g), CH3COONa (5 g), K2HPO4 (2 g), and MnSO4·H2O (0.05 g) were added to 1 L of distilled water and stirred to completely dissolve. The pH was adjusted to 7.0, and the mixture was sterilized under high pressure at 120°C for 30 min. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and set aside.

[0107] MRS solid medium was prepared as follows: 1.5 g agar powder was added to every 100 mL of MRS liquid medium, mixed well, and then autoclaved at 120°C for 30 min.

[0108] Step (2): preparing fermentation biological preparation.

[0109] Take the herb, clean and dry it, and crush it into 120 mesh powder.

[0110] Take 1 L of MRS liquid culture medium, add 100 g of Euphorbia cerasifera powder, and mix well to obtain a fermentation medium.

[0111] The inoculation amount of the Bacillus natto seed liquid accounts for 10% of the volume of the fermentation medium. The Bacillus natto seed liquid in step (1) is inoculated into the fermentation medium, and fermented at 37° C. for 32 hours. The fermentation liquid is filtered to obtain the fermentation liquid.

[0112] The fermentation liquid: acidic protease: water are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:0.6:22 to obtain a fermentation biological preparation.

[0113] Step (3): preparing fermented feed raw materials.

[0114] The bamboo powder and peanut meal with an initial moisture content of 50% are crushed, passed through 80 meshes and mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 2:5. The fermented biological agent is evenly sprayed on the bamboo powder and peanut meal, and the spraying amount is 22mL of the fermented biological agent per 10kg of feed; then placed in a fermentation box, naturally heated, and the material is kept balanced when the temperature rises to 45-50℃, turned over once every 4h, aerobically fermented for 80 hours, and then dried in a dryer at 75℃ to a moisture content of about 10wt%, to obtain the bamboo powder and peanut meal fermentation product.

[0115] Example 4

[0116] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that an equal amount of alkaline protease is used to replace the acidic protease.

[0117] Example 5

[0118] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the acidic protease is replaced by an equal amount of neutral protease.

[0119] Comparative Example 1

[0120] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the bamboo powder and peanut meal are not fermented by fermentation biological agent after being mixed.

[0121] Comparative Example 2

[0122] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the fermented biological preparation does not contain Euphorbia cerifera.

[0123] Comparative Example 3

[0124] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in the fermentation medium, 50 g of Euphorbia cerasifera powder is added to every 1 L of MRS liquid medium.

[0125] Comparative Example 4

[0126] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that an equal amount of Herba Lycopodii is used to replace Herba Euphorbiae.

[0127] Comparative Example 5

[0128] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that an equal amount of Prunella Vulgaris is used to replace Herba Euphorbiae.

[0129] Comparative Example 6

[0130] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that Bacillus subtilis numbered CICC 20018 preserved by the China Industrial Microbiological Culture Collection Center is used instead of Bacillus natto.

[0131] Comparative Example 7

[0132] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the fermented biological preparation does not contain protease.

[0133] Comparative Example 8

[0134] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of bamboo powder to peanut meal is 1:5.

[0135] Comparative Example 9

[0136] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of bamboo powder to peanut meal is 5:5.

[0137] Comparative Example 10

[0138] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that 15 mL of fermentation biological preparation is used for every 10 kg of the mixture of bamboo powder and peanut meal.

[0139] Comparative Example 11

[0140] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that 25 mL of fermentation biological preparation is used for every 10 kg of the mixture of bamboo powder and peanut meal.

[0141] Comparative Example 12

[0142] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the bacterial concentration of the natto Bacillus subtilis seed solution is 1.5×10 9 CFU / mL.

[0143] Comparative Example 13

[0144] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the bacterial concentration of the natto Bacillus subtilis seed solution is 2.5×10 9 CFU / mL.

[0145] Comparative Example 14

[0146] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of fermentation broth to protease and water is 1:0.2:15.

[0147] Comparative Example 15

[0148] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of fermentation broth to protease and water is 1:0.8:25.

[0149] Test Example 1

[0150] The products obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-15 were subjected to determination of the contents of crude protein, crude fat, acid detergent fiber ADF, neutral detergent fiber NDF and aflatoxin.

[0151] Among them, crude protein was determined by a fully automatic Kjeldahl nitrogen analyzer (FOSS KT260, Switzerland); crude fat was determined by Soxhlet extraction; neutral detergent fiber NDF was determined in accordance with "GB / T20806-2006"; acid detergent fiber ADF was determined in accordance with "NY / T 1459-2007 Determination of Acid Detergent Fiber Content in Feed" of the National Technical and Industrial Standardization Technical Committee; aflatoxin was determined using the kit of Beijing Huaan Maike Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0152] The results are shown in Tables 1 to 3.

[0153] Table 1 Comparison of nutritional components of feed raw materials using different fermentation methods

[0154]

[0155]

[0156] Note: Different letters in the same row represent significant differences, P<0.05, the same below.

[0157] As can be seen from Table 1, the crude protein content in Examples 1-5 is significantly higher than that in Comparative Example 1 (P<0.05), the acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents are significantly lower than those in Comparative Example 1 (P<0.05), and the aflatoxin B1 content is significantly lower than that in Comparative Example 1 (P<0.05), indicating that the fermentation method of the present application can improve the feeding value of the mixed fermentation of peanut meal and bamboo powder.

[0158] The crude protein content of Comparative Examples 2-7 was significantly lower than that of Examples 1-5 (P<0.05), and the contents of acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber and aflatoxin B1 were significantly increased (P<0.05), indicating that the replacement or change in dosage of Herba Euphorbiae or Bacillus natto during the fermentation process, or the lack of protease, could not achieve the expected effect of improving the feeding value of the mixed fermentation of bamboo powder and peanut meal.

[0159] Table 2 Comparison of nutritional components of feed raw materials using different fermentation methods

[0160] index Example 1 Comparative Example 8 Comparative Example 9 Crude protein% <![CDATA[38.1 a ]]> <![CDATA[38.0 a ]]> <![CDATA[25.1 b ]]> Acid detergent fiber% <![CDATA[22.8 b ]]> <![CDATA[22.9 b ]]> <![CDATA[35.1 a ]]> Neutral detergent fiber% <![CDATA[24.6 b ]]> <![CDATA[25.0 b ]]> <![CDATA[35.1 a ]]> Aflatoxin B1 mg / kg <![CDATA[0.028 b ]]> <![CDATA[0.052 a ]]> <![CDATA[0.029 b ]]>

[0161] As can be seen from Table 2, although there is no significant difference in crude protein level between Comparative Example 8 and Example 1 (P>0.05), aflatoxin B1 is significantly increased (P<0.05), indicating that the fermentation of peanut meal: bamboo powder at a ratio of 5:1 will lead to too high aflatoxin content in the fermentation product; compared with Example 1, although there is no significant difference in aflatoxin B1 between Comparative Example 9 (P>0.05), the crude protein level after fermentation is significantly decreased (P<0.05), indicating that the peanut meal: bamboo powder is fermented at a ratio of 5:5, and the protein level after fermentation is too low, and it is not suitable for use as a substitute for soybean meal.

[0162] Table 3 Comparison of nutritional components of feed raw materials using different fermentation methods

[0163]

[0164]

[0165] As can be seen from Table 3, compared with Example 1, the crude protein content of Comparative Examples 10-15 was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the aflatoxin B1 content was significantly increased (P<0.05), indicating that the fermentation method of the present invention is required to achieve the purpose of improving the feeding value of the mixed fermentation of peanut meal and bamboo powder.

[0166] Test Example 2

[0167] The above-mentioned Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-7 were implemented repeatedly to obtain enough feed raw materials. This experiment adopted a single factor design, and 270 Duroc pigs (half male and half female) with good body condition and close body weight (about 80 kg) were selected and randomly divided into 9 test groups, with 3 replicates in each group and 10 pigs in each replicate. The same proportion (19%) of soybean meal was added to the basic test diet (refer to the nutritional needs of pigs in the United States NRC (2012)) by replacing the soybean meal in the embodiment and comparative examples 1-7, and at the same time, a conventional soybean meal group was set as a control. The composition of the basic diet is shown in Table 4, wherein the premix provides the components shown in Table 5 per kilogram of diet. The test period was 30 days. At the end of the test, each pig was weighed, and the daily weight gain and feed-to-meat ratio were calculated. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0168] Table 4 Basic diet composition (%)

[0169]

[0170]

[0171] Table 5 Premix components

[0172] Raw material name content Vitamin A 8000IU Vitamin D3 1000IU Vitamin E 20IU Vitamin K 3mg Vitamin B1 2mg Vitamin B2 6mg Vitamin B6 3mg Vitamin B12 30 μg niacin 20mg Pantothenic acid 8mg Folic acid 0.5mg choline 300mg iron 100mg Zinc 100mg manganese 30mg copper 10mg selenium 0.3mg iodine 0.5mg

[0173] Table 6 Effect of different fermentation methods on growth performance of fattening pigs instead of soybean meal

[0174]

[0175] As can be seen from Table 6, the daily weight gain of Example 1 is significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 1 (P<0.05), the feed-to-meat ratio is significantly lower than that of Comparative Example 1 (P<0.05), and there is no significant difference with the soybean meal group, indicating that the fermentation method of the present application can achieve the purpose of replacing the use of soybean meal on 80 kg fattening pigs.

[0176] The daily weight gain of Comparative Examples 2-7 was significantly lower than that of Example 1 (P<0.05), and the feed-to-meat ratio was significantly increased (P<0.05), indicating that the replacement or change in the dosage of Herba Euphorbiae or Bacillus natto during the fermentation process, or the lack of protease, could not achieve the expected effect of mixing bamboo powder and peanut meal and fermenting them simultaneously for replacing soybean meal in 80 kg fattening pigs.

[0177] In summary, the fermented feed raw material provided by the present application can effectively solve the shortcomings of low protein content of bamboo powder as a raw material, unbalanced amino acid content of peanut meal, and easy mildew, reduce anti-nutritional factors in bamboo powder and peanut meal, and improve the feeding value of bamboo powder and peanut meal. The preparation method of the fermented feed raw material is simple and easy to operate, and can be promoted on a large scale in production. The fermented feed raw material can replace soybean meal in fattening pig feed, and the growth performance of fattening pigs will not be affected after replacement.

[0178] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fermented feed raw material, characterized in that: The fermented feed raw material is obtained by fermenting a mixture of bamboo powder and peanut meal with a fermented biological agent; Wherein, the fermented biological preparation is obtained by mixing fermentation liquid with protease and water; The fermentation liquid is obtained by mixed fermentation of Bacillus natto and Euphorbia cerevisiae; The mass ratio of the bamboo powder to the peanut meal is 2:5; 18-22 mL of the fermented biological preparation is used for every 10 kg of the mixture of the bamboo powder and the peanut meal; The preparation of the fermentation liquid comprises: inoculating the seed liquid of the Bacillus natto into a fermentation medium for fermentation; The fermentation medium is obtained by mixing the herbaceous euphorbia and the MRS liquid medium; the dosage ratio of the herbaceous euphorbia to the MRS liquid medium is 60-100 g:1 L; the inoculation amount of the seed liquid of Bacillus natto in the fermentation medium is 6-10 vt%; the strain concentration of the seed liquid of Bacillus natto is 1.8×10 9 -2.2×10 9 CFU / mL; The mass ratio of the fermentation liquid to the protease and water is 1:0.4-0.6:18-22.

2. The method for preparing a fermented feed raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: fermenting the mixture of the bamboo powder and the peanut meal with the fermented biological preparation; The fermented biological preparation is obtained by mixing fermentation liquid with protease and water; The fermentation liquid is obtained by mixed fermentation of Bacillus natto and Euphorbia cerevisiae; The mass ratio of the bamboo powder to the peanut meal is 2:5; 18-22 mL of the fermented biological preparation is used for every 10 kg of the mixture of the bamboo powder and the peanut meal; The preparation of the fermentation liquid comprises: inoculating the seed liquid of the Bacillus natto into a fermentation medium for fermentation; The fermentation medium is obtained by mixing the herbaceous euphorbia and the MRS liquid medium; the dosage ratio of the herbaceous euphorbia to the MRS liquid medium is 60-100 g:1 L; the inoculation amount of the seed liquid of Bacillus natto in the fermentation medium is 6-10 vt%; the strain concentration of the seed liquid of Bacillus natto is 1.8×10 9 -2.2×10 9 CFU / mL; The mass ratio of the fermentation liquid to the protease and water is 1:0.4-0.6:18-22.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mixture of the bamboo powder and the peanut meal is fermented aerobically at 45-50° C. for 64-80 hours.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the fermentation process, stir every 2-4 hours.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fermentation after the seed liquid of Bacillus natto is inoculated into the fermentation medium is carried out at 35-37° C. for 32-40 hours.

6. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protease is an acidic protease.

7. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The natto bacillus subtilis is the natto bacillus subtilis with a deposit number of ACCC19833.

8. A feed, characterized in that: The feed contains the fermented feed raw material according to claim 1, and does not contain soybean meal.

9. The feed according to claim 8, characterized in that The feed is feed for fattening pigs.

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