Feed for black soldier fly breeding and preparation method thereof and protein feed

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of black soldier fly breeding, and specifically to a feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae, a preparation method thereof, and a protein feed. The preparation method of the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae of the present invention comprises the following steps: using residual sludge from yeast production as a fermentation substrate, adding a conditioning agent and a decomposition-promoting bacterial agent to perform composting fermentation to obtain the feed; wherein the conditioning agent is selected from one or more of brewer's grains, corn alcohol grains, white wine grains, cassava residues, or sugarcane residues. The present invention uses fermentation industrial waste as a raw material to produce fermented feed for breeding black soldier flies, and uses the feed to breed black soldier flies to obtain feed protein and organic fertilizer, which solves the problem of environmental pollution while realizing the resource utilization of fermentation industrial waste, and achieving a win-win situation of ecological and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of black soldier fly breeding, in particular to a feed for black soldier fly breeding and a preparation method thereof and a protein feed, and particularly to a fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding and a preparation method thereof and a protein feed. Background Art

[0002] Fermentation industry waste refers to the mother liquor and waste residue after separation and extraction of fermentation products with agricultural products as the main raw materials. The main components are culture medium components and microbial metabolites that are not used by microorganisms, rich in nutrients such as starch, protein, fat, fiber and trace elements. Alcohol and yeast manufacturing account for a large proportion of the fermentation industry, and the waste is of many types, large quantity and high added value. Among them, brewer's grains, white wine grains, corn alcohol grains and cassava residues are the residues after fermentation and production of alcohol with barley, sorghum, corn and cassava as raw materials, respectively, and sugarcane bagasse is the residue after pressing when sugar is made from sugarcane. Literature data show that the protein content of brewer's grains, white wine grains, corn alcohol grains and cassava residues is 27.34%, 24.12%, 21.45%, 4.92% and 2.41% respectively, and the crude fat content is 10.21%, 7.95%, 13.85%, 1.96% and 0.3% respectively. Yeast production residual sludge is a waste by-product of yeast protein production using molasses as raw material. It is rich in nutrients such as organic matter and minerals, and contains relatively low levels of heavy metals and organic pollutants, and has great potential for resource utilization.

[0003] The lack of protein resources for feed in my country has restricted the modernization process of animal husbandry. Finding and developing new protein resources has become an urgent problem that the feed industry needs to solve. Insect protein has attracted widespread attention due to its low feeding cost, environmental benefits and high nutritional value, and its potential to replace soybean meal and fish meal. Among them, black soldier flies are insects of the family Smilodon in the order Diptera, with a short reproduction cycle and feeding behavior only occurring in the larval stage. In nature, black soldier fly larvae feed on organic waste such as kitchen waste, animal feces, and animal and plant carcasses, and efficiently convert them into their own nutrients. If black soldier flies can be cultivated using fermentation industrial waste, not only can efficient and harmless treatment of fermentation industrial waste be achieved, environmental pollution caused by improper treatment of fermentation industrial waste can be avoided, but also a considerable number of black soldier fly larvae can be harvested. Black soldier fly larvae are rich in protein and fat, and are an important feed with high nutritional value. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to utilize fermentation industrial waste to produce fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae, and utilize the fermented feed to produce feed protein for breeding black soldier fly larvae, thereby solving the problem of feed protein shortage and realizing resource utilization of fermentation industrial waste.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for preparing fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae, comprising the following steps: using residual sludge produced by yeast production as a fermentation substrate, adding a conditioner and a decomposition-promoting bacterial agent to perform composting fermentation to obtain the feed;

[0007] Wherein, the conditioning agent is selected from one or more of brewer's grains, corn alcohol grains, white wine grains, cassava residues or sugarcane residues.

[0008] Preferably, in the above preparation method, based on the weight of the yeast production excess sludge and the conditioning agent as 100%, the content of the yeast production excess sludge is 50-80%.

[0009] Preferably, in the above preparation method, based on the weight of the residual sludge from yeast production and the conditioner as 100%, the content of the brewer's grains is 0-10%, and / or the content of the white wine grains is 0-10%, and / or the content of the corn alcohol grains is 0-15%, and / or the content of the cassava residues is 0-15%, and / or the content of the sugarcane bagasse is 5-15%; preferably, the content of the brewer's grains is 4-10%, and / or the content of the white wine grains is 3-10%, and / or the content of the corn alcohol grains is 4-15%, and / or the content of the cassava residues is 3-15%, and / or the content of the sugarcane bagasse is 5-15%.

[0010] Preferably, in the above preparation method, the decomposition-promoting bacteria agent comprises one or more of bacteria, filamentous fungi, yeast and enzymes; preferably, the addition amount of the decomposition-promoting bacteria agent is 0.01-0.02% based on the weight of the residual sludge produced by yeast and the conditioner.

[0011] Preferably, in the above preparation method, the initial moisture content of the material before composting is controlled to be 50-60%; preferably, the moisture content of the residual sludge from yeast production is 75-85%.

[0012] Preferably, in the above preparation method, the height of the pile is controlled to be 1.5-2m during the composting process; preferably, when the temperature of the pile rises to 55-60°C, the first turning is started and maintained for 2-4 days; the above operation is repeated 4-5 times until the compost is mature.

[0013] The present invention also provides a fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae obtained by the above preparation method; preferably, the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae has a crude protein content of 15-20wt%, a crude fat content of 3-6wt%, preferably a crude fiber content of 8-15wt%, and more preferably 9-13wt%.

[0014] The present invention also provides a protein feed, comprising a black soldier fly culture method using the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae culture. Preferably, the protein feed has a crude protein content of 40-55wt%, a crude fat content of 6-15wt%, preferably 6-13wt%, more preferably a total of hydrolyzed amino acids of 35-40wt%, further preferably a lysine content of 2-3wt%, and further preferably a methionine content of 0.5-1wt%.

[0015] Preferably, the black soldier fly breeding comprises the following steps: mixing 4-6 day old black soldier fly larvae with the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae for breeding, and separating the black soldier fly larvae and prepupae from the feed residues when 5% of the larvae become prepupae.

[0016] Preferably, in the above-mentioned black soldier fly breeding method, the 4-6 day old black soldier fly larvae are cultivated by the following method: using wheat bran as hatching material, inoculating black soldier fly eggs onto the hatching material for cultivation, and after the black soldier fly eggs are hatched, continuing to cultivate for 4-6 days to obtain 4-6 day old black soldier fly larvae.

[0017] Preferably, the moisture content of the hatching material is 60-80%; preferably, the inoculation ratio of black soldier fly eggs is 0.5-1wt% based on the weight of the hatching material; more preferably, the culture temperature is 25-30°C, and the preferred environmental humidity is 60-80%.

[0018] Preferably, the moisture content of the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae is 60-80%; preferably, the mass ratio of the black soldier fly larvae to the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae is 10-20:1000; more preferably, the breeding temperature is 25-30°C, and the preferred ambient humidity is 60-80%.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned protein feed, comprising adopting the above-mentioned fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae to breed black soldier flies; preferably, the black soldier fly breeding comprises the following steps: mixing 4-6 day old black soldier fly larvae with the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae for breeding, and separating the black soldier fly larvae and prepupae from the feed residues when 5% of the larvae become prepupae.

[0020] The present invention also provides an organic fertilizer, which comprises feed residues separated by the above-mentioned protein feed preparation method, wherein the feed residues comprise unused mixed feed, black soldier fly feces and black soldier fly molting.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae or application of the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae in preparing protein feed and organic fertilizer.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] The present invention uses fermentation industrial waste as raw materials to produce fermented feed for black soldier fly breeding and prepares feed protein and organic fertilizer by breeding black soldier flies, which solves the environmental pollution problem while realizing resource utilization of fermentation industrial waste and achieving a win-win situation of ecological and economic benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and technical effect of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention is described clearly and completely. The embodiments described below are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. In combination with the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The present invention transforms the difficult-to-decompose organic matter in fermentation industrial waste into stable organic matter such as humus and amino acids through composting fermentation and biotransformation, while degrading the toxic and harmful substances therein, and further transforming them into feed and fertilizer. It is the most economical and effective resource utilization method.

[0026] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae, comprising the following steps: using residual sludge from yeast production as a fermentation substrate, adding a conditioner and a decomposition-promoting bacterial agent to perform composting fermentation to obtain the feed;

[0027] Wherein, the conditioning agent is selected from one or more of brewer's grains, corn alcohol grains, white wine grains, cassava residues or sugarcane residues.

[0028] The yeast production excess sludge of the present invention is a product after yeast production wastewater treatment, and the yeast production wastewater includes but is not limited to molasses pretreatment, yeast fermentation liquid separation, yeast milk vacuum filtration and cleaning wastewater. The moisture content of the yeast production excess sludge is 75-85wt%.

[0029] The present invention uses yeast production residual sludge as a fermentation substrate, and adds brewer's grains, corn alcohol grains, white wine grains, cassava residues or sugarcane bagasse as a conditioning agent. Yeast production sludge is rich in organic matter, protein and trace elements, but has a low carbon-nitrogen ratio and high water content. By adding high-carbon and high-fiber fermentation industrial waste, such as brewer's grains, corn alcohol grains, white wine grains, cassava residues or sugarcane bagasse, the carbon-nitrogen ratio and water content can be adjusted, creating good conditions for composting fermentation, and improving composting fermentation efficiency and the feeding value of fermentation products.

[0030] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, based on the weight of yeast production surplus sludge and conditioner as 100%, the content of yeast production surplus sludge is 50-80%; preferably, the content of brewer's grains is 0-10%, the content of white wine grains is 0-10%, the content of corn alcohol grains is 0-15%, the content of cassava residues is 0-15%, and the content of sugarcane bagasse is 5-15%; more preferably, the content of brewer's grains is 4-10%, the content of white wine grains is 3-10%, the content of corn alcohol grains is 4-15%, the content of cassava residues is 3-15%, and the content of sugarcane bagasse is 5-15%.

[0031] The invention adopts a specific formula ratio to improve the utilization efficiency of various nutrients in fermentation industrial waste, increase the feeding value and reduce the production cost of feed protein.

[0032] According to the present invention, the decomposition-promoting bacteria agent comprises one or more of bacteria, filamentous fungi, yeast and enzymes. Preferably, the addition amount of the decomposition-promoting bacteria agent is 0.01-0.02% based on the weight of the residual sludge produced by yeast and the conditioner.

[0033] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae comprises the following steps:

[0034] (1) Preparation of composting materials for fermentation industrial waste: Mix the residual sludge from yeast production with one or more of brewer's grains, corn alcohol grains, white wine grains, cassava residues or sugarcane bagasse, with the weight proportion of the residual sludge from yeast production in the mixed material being 50% to 80%, then add a decomposition-promoting bacterial agent at a weight of 0.01% to 0.02% of the total weight of the mixed material, stir and mix, and control the initial moisture content of the material to be 50% to 60% before composting;

[0035] (2) Fermentation of industrial waste composting: Under natural ventilation, control the pile height to 1.5m-2m. When the pile temperature rises to 55℃-60℃, maintain it for 2-4 days, and then start the first digging. When the pile temperature rises to 55℃-60℃ again, maintain it for 2-4 days, and then start the second digging. And so on until the compost is mature. After maturity, it is piled up for aging.

[0036] According to the present invention, the criteria for determining whether the compost is mature are: the temperature of the pile is close to the ambient temperature and has no obvious fluctuation, the pile has no obvious odor, and the seed germination index of the pile is ≥70%.

[0037] According to the present invention, the aging method is: turning the pile once every two days with a forklift to achieve further decomposition and stabilization of macromolecular organic matter and evaporation of water, so that the moisture content of the material is reduced to about 30%.

[0038] The invention also provides fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae prepared by the preparation method.

[0039] The present invention also provides a protein feed, which is prepared by breeding black soldier flies using the fermented feed for breeding black soldier flies larvae.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the crude protein content of the protein feed is 40-55wt%, preferably 41.48-50.24wt%; the crude fat content is 5-15wt%, preferably 6.78-12.03wt%; the total amount of hydrolyzed amino acids is 35-40wt%; the lysine content is 1-5wt%, and the methionine content is 0.5-2wt%.

[0041] According to the present invention, the above-mentioned black soldier fly breeding includes the following steps: mixing 4-6 day old black soldier fly larvae with the above-mentioned fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae for breeding, and separating the black soldier fly larvae and prepupae from feed residues when 5% of the larvae become prepupae, wherein the feed residues include unused mixed feed, black soldier fly feces and black soldier fly molting.

[0042] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, specifically, the black soldier fly breeding includes the following steps: adjusting the moisture content of the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae to 60-80%, spreading it flat in a breeding container with a thickness of 5 cm-10 cm; sprinkling 4-6 day old black soldier fly larvae on the surface at a ratio of 10 g / kg-20 g / kg of the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae, allowing the larvae to freely enter the fermented feed to feed, controlling the breeding environment temperature to 25-30°C, the breeding environment humidity to 60-80%, and collecting the larvae when 5% of the larvae become pre-pupae.

[0043] According to the present invention, the 4- to 6-day-old black soldier fly larvae are cultivated by the following method: wheat bran is used as hatching material, and the moisture content is adjusted to 60-80% with clean water; the hatching material is spread in a breeding container, and the thickness is controlled to be 5 cm to 10 cm; black soldier fly eggs are inoculated at a ratio of 5 g / kg to 10 g / kg of the hatching material, and after the black soldier fly eggs are hatched, they are continuously cultivated to 4- to 6-day-old larvae, and the cultivation environment temperature is controlled to be 25-30° C., and the cultivation environment humidity is controlled to be 60-80%.

[0044] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in order to improve the quality, storage time and transportation convenience of protein feed, the preparation method of the above-mentioned protein feed also includes screening and separating black soldier flies (including larvae and prepupae) from insect feces, etc., and then washing, killing, drying and crushing the black soldier flies.

[0045] The present invention also provides an organic fertilizer, which comprises the feed residues separated from the black soldier fly breeding process, wherein the feed residues comprise unused mixed feed, black soldier fly feces and black soldier fly molts.

[0046] The present invention also provides application of the method for preparing the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae in preparing protein feed.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present invention are further illustrated by specific examples below.

[0048] The sources of raw materials and equipment used in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention are shown in Table 1.

[0049] The raw materials and reagents used in the present invention are all purchased from mainstream manufacturers in the market. Those without manufacturer or concentration are all analytically pure raw materials and reagents that can be routinely obtained. As long as they can play the expected role, there is no special limitation.

[0050] The yeast production excess sludge used in this embodiment and comparative example comes from a brewer's yeast production plant, and has a moisture content of 75-85%;

[0051] The brewer's grains used in this embodiment and comparative example come from a beer production plant and have a moisture content of 10-15%;

[0052] The distiller's grains used in this embodiment and comparative example come from a liquor production plant and have a moisture content of 10-15%;

[0053] The corn alcohol grains used in this embodiment and comparative example come from a corn ethanol production plant and have a moisture content of 10-15%;

[0054] The cassava residue used in this embodiment and comparative example comes from a cassava alcohol factory, and has a moisture content of 45-50%;

[0055] The bagasse used in this embodiment and comparative example comes from a sugarcane sugar factory and has a moisture content of 15-20%;

[0056] Black soldier fly eggs were purchased from Guangzhou Wuliang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0057] Wheat bran was purchased from Yancheng Dafeng Rongsheng Wheat Industry Co., Ltd.

[0058] The pro-corrosion agent used in this embodiment and comparative example is RW pro-corrosion agent, which is purchased from Hebi Renyuan Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd. It is a compound of eleven strains of bacteria, filamentous fungi, yeasts and related enzymes. The main technical indicators include effective viable count ≥ 100*10 8 CFU / g, moisture ≤20%.

[0059] Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus oryzae were purchased from Hubei Qiming Bioengineering Co., Ltd. The effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis was ≥400*10 8 CFU / g, spore rate ≥98%; effective viable conidia count of Aspergillus oryzae agent ≥10*10 8 CFU / g.

[0060] If no specific technology or conditions are specified in this embodiment, the process shall be carried out according to the technology or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product manual.

[0061] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail using examples and comparative examples, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all percentages, parts, and ratios used in the present invention are based on mass.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] (1) Preparation of composting materials for fermentation industrial waste: 500 kg of residual sludge from yeast production, 60 kg of brewer's grains, 100 kg of white wine grains, 100 kg of corn alcohol grains, 150 kg of cassava residues and 90 kg of sugarcane bagasse were mixed, and then RW accelerator was added at 0.01% of the total mass of the mixed materials, and the mixture was stirred and mixed for composting. The initial moisture content of the materials was controlled to be 50% before composting.

[0064] (2) Fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae: Under natural ventilation, the pile height is controlled to be 1.5m. When the pile temperature rises to 55°C, it is maintained for 2 days and the first turning is started; when the pile temperature rises to 55°C again, it is maintained for 2 days and the second turning is performed; the above operation is repeated 5 times until the compost is mature. After the compost is mature, it is piled and aged to obtain the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae. The nutrient content of the feed is shown in Table 1.

[0065] (3) Breeding of black soldier fly larvae: Take 100 kg of the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae prepared in step (2), adjust the moisture content to about 70%, and spread it in a breeding container with a thickness of 5 cm; based on the weight of the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae, sprinkle 4-day-old black soldier fly larvae on the surface of the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae at a ratio of 20 g / kg, and allow the larvae to freely enter the mixed fermented material to feed. Control the breeding environment temperature to 28° C. and the breeding environment humidity to 75%. Collect the larvae when 5% of the larvae have become prepupae. Record the yield of black soldier fly larvae and prepupae. The results are shown in Table 2. The method comprises the following steps: using wheat bran as hatching material and adjusting the moisture content to 60% with clean water; spreading the hatching material in a culture container with a thickness of 5 cm; inoculating 5 g of black soldier fly eggs to 1 kg of hatching material, and continuing to culture the black soldier fly eggs until the larvae are 4 days old after they are hatched, and controlling the culture environment temperature to 28° C. and the culture environment humidity to 75%.

[0066] (4) Preparation of protein feed and organic fertilizer: After the black soldier flies (including larvae and prepupae) cultured in step (3) are screened and separated from the excrement, the black soldier flies are washed, killed, dried and crushed to obtain a high-protein feed. The nutrient content of the feed is shown in Table 3. The remaining culture residue is the organic fertilizer. The indicators of the organic fertilizer are shown in Table 4.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] (1) Preparation of composting materials for fermentation industrial waste: 600 kg of residual sludge from yeast production, 50 kg of white wine grains, 150 kg of corn alcohol grains, 100 kg of cassava residues and 100 kg of sugarcane bagasse were mixed, and then RW accelerator was added at 0.013% of the total mass of the mixed materials, and the mixture was stirred and mixed for composting. The initial moisture content of the materials was controlled to be 60% before composting.

[0069] (2) Fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae: Under natural ventilation, the pile height is controlled to be 2m. When the pile temperature rises to 60°C, it is maintained for 4 days and the first turning is started; when the pile temperature rises to 60°C again, it is maintained for 4 days and the second turning is performed; the above operation is repeated 4 times to turn the material until the compost is mature. After the compost is mature, it is piled and aged to obtain the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae. The nutrient content of the feed is shown in Table 1.

[0070] (3) Black soldier fly larvae breeding: The moisture content of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding prepared in step (2) was adjusted to about 70%, and spread flat in a breeding container with a thickness of 10 cm; based on the weight of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding, 6-day-old black soldier fly larvae were sprinkled on the surface of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding at a ratio of 18 g / kg, and the larvae were allowed to freely enter the mixed fermented material to feed. The breeding environment temperature was controlled to be 28° C., and the breeding environment humidity was controlled to be 75%. When 5% of the larvae became pre-pupae, the larvae were collected. The results are shown in Table 2. The 6-day-old black soldier fly larvae are cultivated by the following method: wheat bran is used as hatching material, and the moisture content is adjusted to 60% with clean water; the hatching material is spread evenly in a breeding container, and the thickness is controlled to be 10 cm; 10 g of black soldier fly eggs are inoculated at a ratio of 1 kg of hatching material, and after the black soldier fly eggs are hatched, they are continued to be cultivated until the larvae are 4 days old, and the cultivation environment temperature is controlled to be 28° C., and the cultivation environment humidity is controlled to be 75%.

[0071] (4) Preparation of protein feed and organic fertilizer: After the black soldier flies (including larvae and prepupae) cultured in step (3) are screened and separated from the excrement, the black soldier flies are washed, killed, dried and crushed to obtain a high-protein feed. The nutrient content of the feed is shown in Table 3. The remaining culture residue is the organic fertilizer. The indicators of the organic fertilizer are shown in Table 4.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] (1) Preparation of composting materials for fermentation industrial waste: 650 kg of yeast production residual sludge, 50 kg of brewer's grains, 50 kg of corn alcohol grains, 100 kg of cassava residues and 150 kg of sugarcane bagasse were mixed, and then RW accelerator was added at 0.014% of the total mass of the mixed materials, and the mixture was stirred and mixed for composting. The initial moisture content of the materials was controlled to be 60% before composting.

[0074] (2) Fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae: Under natural ventilation, the pile height is controlled to be 1.5m. When the pile temperature rises to 55°C, it is maintained for 2 days and the first turning is started; when the pile temperature rises to 55°C again, it is maintained for 2 days and the second turning is performed; the above operation is repeated 5 times until the compost is mature. After the compost is mature, it is piled and aged to obtain the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae. The nutrient content of the feed is shown in Table 1.

[0075] (3) Black soldier fly larvae breeding: The moisture content of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding prepared in step (2) was adjusted to about 70%, and spread flat in a breeding container with a thickness of 5 cm; 4-day-old black soldier fly larvae were sprinkled with mixed fermentation materials on the surface of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding at a ratio of 15 g / kg based on the weight of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding, and the larvae were allowed to freely enter the mixed fermentation to feed. The breeding environment temperature was controlled to be 28° C., and the breeding environment humidity was controlled to be 75%. When 5% of the larvae became pre-pupae, the larvae were harvested. The results are shown in Table 2. The method comprises the following steps: using wheat bran as hatching material and adjusting the moisture content to 60% with clean water; spreading the hatching material in a culture container with a thickness of 5 cm; inoculating 5 g of black soldier fly eggs to 1 kg of hatching material, and continuing to culture the black soldier fly eggs until the larvae are 4 days old after they are hatched, and controlling the culture environment temperature to 28° C. and the culture environment humidity to 75%.

[0076] (4) Preparation of protein feed and organic fertilizer: After the black soldier flies (including larvae and prepupae) cultured in step (3) are screened and separated from the excrement, the black soldier flies are washed, killed, dried and crushed to obtain a high-protein feed. The nutrient content of the feed is shown in Table 3. The remaining culture residue is the organic fertilizer. The indicators of the organic fertilizer are shown in Table 4.

[0077] Example 4

[0078] (1) Preparation of composting materials for fermentation industrial waste: 700 kg of residual sludge from yeast production, 100 kg of brewer's grains, 100 kg of white wine grains, and 100 kg of bagasse were mixed, and then RW accelerator was added at 0.016% of the total mass of the mixed materials, and the mixture was stirred and mixed for composting. The initial moisture content of the materials was controlled to be 60% before composting.

[0079] (2) Fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae: Under natural ventilation, the pile height is controlled to be 2m. When the pile temperature rises to 55°C, it is maintained for 3 days and the first turning is started; when the pile temperature rises to 55°C again, it is maintained for 3 days and the second turning is performed; the above operation is repeated 5 times until the compost is mature. After the compost is mature, it is piled and aged to obtain the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae. The nutrient content of the feed is shown in Table 1.

[0080] (3) Black soldier fly larvae breeding: The moisture content of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding prepared in step (2) was adjusted to about 70%, and spread flat in a breeding container with a thickness of 10 cm; based on the weight of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding, 6-day-old black soldier fly larvae were sprinkled on the surface of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding at a ratio of 10 g / kg, and the larvae were allowed to freely enter the mixed fermented material to feed. The breeding environment temperature was controlled to be 28° C., and the breeding environment humidity was controlled to be 75%. When 5% of the larvae became pre-pupae, the larvae were collected. The results are shown in Table 2. The 6-day-old black soldier fly larvae are cultivated by the following method: wheat bran is used as hatching material, and the moisture content is adjusted to 60% with clean water; the hatching material is spread evenly in a breeding container, and the thickness is controlled to be 10 cm; 10 g of black soldier fly eggs are inoculated at a ratio of 1 kg of hatching material, and after the black soldier fly eggs are hatched, they are continued to be cultivated until the larvae are 4 days old, and the cultivation environment temperature is controlled to be 28° C., and the cultivation environment humidity is controlled to be 75%.

[0081] (4) Preparation of protein feed and organic fertilizer: After the black soldier flies (including larvae and prepupae) cultured in step (3) are screened and separated from the excrement, the black soldier flies are washed, killed, dried and crushed to obtain a high-protein feed. The nutrient content of the feed is shown in Table 3. The remaining culture residue is the organic fertilizer. The indicators of the organic fertilizer are shown in Table 4.

[0082] Example 5

[0083] (1) Preparation of composting materials for fermentation industrial waste: 750 kg of residual sludge from yeast production, 50 kg of white wine lees, 150 kg of corn alcohol lees and 50 kg of sugarcane bagasse were mixed, and then RW accelerator was added at 0.018% of the total mass of the mixed materials, and the mixture was stirred and mixed for composting. The initial moisture content of the materials was controlled to be 60% before composting.

[0084] (2) Fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae: Under natural ventilation, the pile height is controlled to be 1.5m. When the pile temperature rises to 60°C, it is maintained for 2 days and the first turning is started; when the pile temperature rises to 60°C again, it is maintained for 2 days and the second turning is performed; the above operation is repeated 4 times until the compost is mature. After the compost is mature, it is piled and aged to obtain the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae. The nutrient content of the feed is shown in Table 1.

[0085] (3) Black soldier fly larvae breeding: The moisture content of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding prepared in step (2) was adjusted to about 70%, and spread flat in a breeding container with a thickness of 10 cm; 4-day-old black soldier fly larvae were sprinkled on the surface of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding at a ratio of 10 g / kg based on the weight of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding, and the larvae were allowed to freely enter the mixed fermented material to feed. The breeding environment temperature was controlled to 28° C., and the breeding environment humidity was controlled to 75%. When 5% of the larvae became pre-pupae, the larvae were harvested. The results are shown in Table 2. The method comprises the following steps: using wheat bran as hatching material and adjusting the moisture content to 60% with clean water; spreading the hatching material in a culture container with a thickness of 5 cm; inoculating 1 kg of hatching material with 5 g of black soldier fly eggs, and continuing to culture the larvae to 4 days old after the black soldier fly eggs are hatched, and controlling the culture environment temperature to 28° C. and the culture environment humidity to 75%.

[0086] (4) Preparation of protein feed and organic fertilizer: After the black soldier flies (including larvae and prepupae) cultured in step (3) are screened and separated from the excrement, the black soldier flies are washed, killed, dried and crushed to obtain a high-protein feed. The nutrient content of the feed is shown in Table 3. The remaining culture residue is the organic fertilizer. The indicators of the organic fertilizer are shown in Table 4.

[0087] Example 6

[0088] (1) Preparation of composting materials for fermentation industrial waste: 800 kg of residual sludge from yeast production, 40 kg of brewer's grains, 30 kg of white wine grains, 40 kg of corn alcohol grains, 30 kg of cassava residues, and 60 kg of sugarcane bagasse were mixed, and then RW accelerator was added at 0.02% of the total mass of the mixed materials, and the mixture was stirred and mixed for composting. The initial moisture content of the materials was controlled to be 60% before composting.

[0089] (2) Fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae: Under natural ventilation, the pile height is controlled to be 1.5m. When the pile temperature rises to 55°C, it is maintained for 2 days and the first turning is started; when the pile temperature rises to 55°C again, it is maintained for 2 days and the second turning is performed; the above operation is repeated 5 times until the compost is mature. After the compost is mature, it is piled and aged to obtain the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae. The nutrient content of the feed is shown in Table 1.

[0090] (3) Black soldier fly larvae breeding: The moisture content of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding prepared in step (2) was adjusted to about 70%, and spread flat in a breeding container with a thickness of 10 cm; based on the weight of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding, 6-day-old black soldier fly larvae were sprinkled on the surface at a ratio of 5 g / kg of the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding, and the larvae were allowed to freely enter the mixed fermented material to feed. The breeding environment temperature was controlled to be 28° C., and the breeding environment humidity was controlled to be 75%. When 5% of the larvae became pre-pupae, the larvae were collected. The results are shown in Table 2. The 6-day-old black soldier fly larvae are cultivated by the following method: wheat bran is used as hatching material, and the moisture content is adjusted to 60% with clean water; the hatching material is spread evenly in a breeding container, and the thickness is controlled to be 10 cm; 10 g of black soldier fly eggs are inoculated at a ratio of 1 kg of hatching material, and after the black soldier fly eggs are hatched, they are continued to be cultivated until the larvae are 4 days old, and the cultivation environment temperature is controlled to be 28° C., and the cultivation environment humidity is controlled to be 75%.

[0091] (4) Preparation of protein feed and organic fertilizer: After the black soldier flies (including larvae and prepupae) cultured in step (3) are screened and separated from the excrement, the black soldier flies are washed, killed, dried and crushed to obtain a high-protein feed. The nutrient content of the feed is shown in Table 3. The remaining culture residue is the organic fertilizer.

[0092] Example 7

[0093] The decomposition-promoting bacteria agent used was Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus oryzae in a mass ratio of 1:1. Other aspects were the same as those in Example 1.

[0094] Comparative Example 1

[0095] (1) Preparation of composting materials for fermented industrial waste: Weigh 1000 kg of yeast production excess sludge, then add 0.01% of the total weight of yeast production excess sludge RW accelerator, stir and mix to compost, and control the initial moisture content of the material to 50% before composting.

[0096] According to the method in steps (2) to (4) of Example 1, fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae is prepared, black soldier fly larvae are cultured, and protein feed and organic fertilizer are prepared.

[0097] The indicators of the fermented feeds used for breeding black soldier fly larvae in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Example 1 were measured according to the following methods. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0098] 1) Crude protein: determined by Kjeldahl method (GB / T 6432-2018);

[0099] 2) Crude fat: determined by acid hydrolysis method (GB / T 6433-2006);

[0100] 3) Crude fiber: determined by filtration method (GB / T 6434-2006);

[0101] 4) Crude ash: determined by the ignition method (GB / T 6438-2007).

[0102] Table 1 Indicators of fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae

[0103]

[0104] Table 2 Black soldier fly yields of Examples 1-7 and Comparative Example 1

[0105]

[0106] The indicators of the black soldier fly protein feed in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Example 1 were measured by the following method. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0107] 1) Crude protein test method: determined by Kjeldahl method (GB / T 6432-2018);

[0108] 2) Crude fat test method: Determined by acid hydrolysis method (GB / T 6433-2006);

[0109] 3) Test method for the sum of hydrolyzed amino acids: determined by acid hydrolysis method (GB / T 18246-2019);

[0110] 4) Test method for lysine: determined by acid hydrolysis method (GB / T 18246-2019);

[0111] 5) Test method for methionine: determined by acid hydrolysis method (GB / T 18246-2019);

[0112] 6) Moisture content test method: Determined by 105°C normal pressure drying method (GB / T 6435-2014).

[0113] Table 3 Nutritional content of black soldier fly protein feed

[0114]

[0115] The indicators of the organic fertilizers in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Example 1 were measured according to the method specified in NY / T 525-2021 organic fertilizer standard, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0116] Table 4 Organic fertilizer indicators

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] As can be seen from Table 1, the crude protein content of the fermented feed obtained by using fermentation industrial waste in Examples 1-7 of the present invention is 15.63-17.84%, the crude fat content is 3.11-5.82%, and the crude fiber is 9.37-12.49%. Compared with Example 7 using Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus oryzae, Example 1 uses RW rot-promoting agent for composting fermentation, and the crude protein content and crude fat content of the fermented feed are both higher, and the crude fiber is lower. Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 1 only uses yeast production residual sludge as a fermentation substrate, and the crude protein content and crude fat content of the fermented feed are lower, and the crude fiber is higher.

[0120] The growth rate and composition and ratio of the black soldier flies are closely related to the nutritional composition of the food. As shown in Tables 2 and 3, the black soldier flies of the embodiments of the present invention grow fast, and the bodies are enriched with more crude protein, crude fat and hydrolyzed amino acids. As shown in Table 4, the organic matter of the aquaculture residue obtained after separating the black soldier flies in the embodiments of the present invention is 45.08-51.09%, and the mass fraction of the total nutrients (N+P2O5+K2O) is 5.54-8.7%, which meets the requirements of the NY / T 525-2021 organic fertilizer standard.

[0121] In summary, the present invention uses fermented industrial waste as raw materials to carry out composting fermentation to obtain fermented feed for black soldier fly breeding, and uses the fermented feed to breed black soldier flies to obtain feed protein and organic fertilizer, which not only solves the problem of environmental pollution, but also can produce safe and harmless high-protein feed and organic fertilizer, achieving a win-win situation in ecological and economic benefits.

[0122] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: using the residual sludge produced by yeast as a fermentation substrate, adding a conditioner and a decomposition-promoting bacterial agent to carry out composting fermentation; Taking the weight of the yeast production surplus sludge and the conditioning agent as 100%, the conditioning agent is a combination of 4-10% brewer's grains, 3-10% white wine grains, 4-15% corn alcohol grains, 3-15% cassava residues and 5-15% sugarcane bagasse; or, the conditioning agent is a combination of 3-10% white wine grains, 4-15% corn alcohol grains, 3-15% cassava residues and 5-15% sugarcane bagasse; or , the conditioning agent is a combination of 4-10% brewer's grains, 4-15% corn alcohol grains, 3-15% cassava residues and 5-15% bagasse; or, the conditioning agent is a combination of 4-10% brewer's grains, 3-10% white wine grains and 5-15% bagasse; or, the conditioning agent is a combination of 3-10% white wine grains, 4-15% corn alcohol grains and 5-15% bagasse; The weight of the yeast production excess sludge and conditioning agent is 100%, the content of the yeast production excess sludge is 50 to 80%; The decomposition-promoting bacterial agent is RW decomposition-promoting agent; based on the weight of the yeast production surplus sludge and the conditioner, the addition amount of the decomposition-promoting bacterial agent is 0.01-0.02%.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initial moisture content of the material before composting is controlled to be 50-60%.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moisture content of the yeast production surplus sludge is 75-85%.

4. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: During the composting process, the height of the pile is controlled to be 1.5 to 2 meters.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the temperature of the pile rises to 55-60℃, maintain it for 2-4 days and start the first turning; repeat the above operation 4-5 times until the compost is mature.

6. The fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae has a crude protein content of 15-20wt%, a crude fat content of 3-6wt%, and a crude fiber content of 8-15wt%.

8. The fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae according to claim 7, characterized in that: The crude fiber content is 9 to 13 wt %.

9. A protein feed, characterized in that: The method comprises adopting the fermented feed for breeding black soldier flies larvae as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8 to breed black soldier flies.

10. The protein feed according to claim 9, characterized in that: The protein feed has a crude protein content of 40-55wt% and a crude fat content of 6-15wt%.

11. The protein feed according to claim 10, characterized in that: The crude fat content in the protein feed is 6-13wt%.

12. The protein feed according to claim 11, characterized in that: The total amount of hydrolyzed amino acids in the protein feed is 35-40wt%.

13. The protein feed according to claim 12, characterized in that: The lysine content in the protein feed is 2-3wt%.

14. The protein feed according to claim 13, characterized in that: The methionine content in the protein feed is 0.5-1wt%.

15. The protein feed according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that: The black soldier fly breeding comprises the following steps: mixing 4-6 day old black soldier fly larvae with the fermented feed for black soldier fly larvae breeding according to any one of claims 6-8 for breeding, and separating the black soldier fly larvae and prepupae from the feed residues when 5% of the larvae become prepupae.

16. The protein feed according to claim 15, characterized in that: The 4-6 day old black soldier fly larvae are cultivated by the following method: wheat bran is used as hatching material, black soldier fly eggs are inoculated on the hatching material for cultivation, and after the black soldier fly eggs are hatched, the cultivation is continued for 4-6 days to obtain 4-6 day old black soldier fly larvae.

17. The protein feed according to claim 16, characterized in that: The moisture content of the hatching material is 60-80%.

18. The protein feed according to claim 16, characterized in that: The inoculation ratio of black soldier fly eggs is 0.5-1wt% based on the weight of the hatching material.

19. The protein feed according to claim 16, characterized in that: The culture temperature is 25-30℃.

20. The protein feed according to claim 16, characterized in that: The humidity of the culture environment is 60-80%.

21. The protein feed according to claim 15, characterized in that: The protein feed is obtained by drying the separated black soldier fly larvae and prepupae.

22. The protein feed according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that: The protein feed is obtained by drying the separated black soldier fly larvae and prepupae.

23. The protein feed according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that: The moisture content of the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae is 60-80%.

24. The protein feed according to claim 15, characterized in that: The moisture content of the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae is 60-80%.

25. The protein feed according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that: The moisture content of the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae is 60-80%.

26. The protein feed according to claim 21, characterized in that: The moisture content of the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae is 60-80%.

27. The protein feed according to claim 22, characterized in that: The moisture content of the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae is 60-80%.

28. The protein feed according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the black soldier fly larvae to the fermented feed for breeding the black soldier fly larvae is 10-20:1000.

29. The protein feed according to claim 15, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the black soldier fly larvae to the fermented feed for breeding the black soldier fly larvae is 10-20:1000.

30. The protein feed according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the black soldier fly larvae to the fermented feed for breeding the black soldier fly larvae is 10-20:1000.

31. The protein feed according to claim 21, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the black soldier fly larvae to the fermented feed for breeding the black soldier fly larvae is 10-20:1000.

32. The protein feed according to claim 22, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the black soldier fly larvae to the fermented feed for breeding the black soldier fly larvae is 10-20:1000.

33. The protein feed according to claim 23, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the black soldier fly larvae to the fermented feed for breeding the black soldier fly larvae is 10-20:1000.

34. The protein feed according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that: The breeding temperature is 25-30℃.

35. The protein feed according to claim 15, characterized in that The breeding temperature is 25-30℃.

36. The protein feed according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that: The breeding temperature is 25-30℃.

37. The protein feed according to claim 21, characterized in that The breeding temperature is 25-30℃.

38. The protein feed according to claim 22, characterized in that The breeding temperature is 25-30℃.

39. The protein feed according to claim 23, characterized in that The breeding temperature is 25-30℃.

40. The protein feed according to claim 28, characterized in that The breeding temperature is 25-30℃.

41. The protein feed according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that: The humidity of the breeding environment is 60-80%.

42. The protein feed according to claim 15, characterized in that The humidity of the breeding environment is 60-80%.

43. The protein feed according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that: The humidity of the breeding environment is 60-80%.

44. The protein feed according to claim 21, characterized in that The humidity of the breeding environment is 60-80%.

45. The protein feed according to claim 22, characterized in that The humidity of the breeding environment is 60-80%.

46. ​​The protein feed according to claim 23, characterized in that The humidity of the breeding environment is 60-80%.

47. The protein feed according to claim 28, characterized in that The humidity of the breeding environment is 60-80%.

48. The protein feed according to claim 34, characterized in that The humidity of the breeding environment is 60-80%.

49. The method for preparing the protein feed according to any one of claims 9 to 48, characterized in that: The method comprises adopting the fermented feed for breeding black soldier flies larvae as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8 to breed black soldier flies.

50. The method for preparing the protein feed according to claim 49, characterized in that: The black soldier fly breeding comprises the following steps: mixing 4-6 day old black soldier fly larvae with the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae for breeding, and separating the black soldier fly larvae and prepupae from feed residues when 5% of the larvae become prepupae.

51. An organic fertilizer, characterized in that It includes feed residues separated by the preparation method according to claim 49 or 50, wherein the feed residues include unused mixed feed, black soldier fly feces and black soldier fly molting.

52. A method for preparing a fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or use of the fermented feed for breeding black soldier fly larvae according to any one of claims 6 to 8 in preparing protein feed and organic fertilizer.

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