Deeply buried large chamber supporting device and supporting method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of chamber supporting, in particular to a deep-buried large chamber supporting device and a supporting method, which comprises a mountain-shaped steel belt, a bidirectional tray and a supporting device; spherical structures are arranged at the two ends of the mountain-shaped steel belt, and at least three groups of steel belt ribs are arranged at the upper end of the mountain-shaped steel belt; the bidirectional tray comprises an upper tray and a lower tray, the upper tray and the lower tray are connected through a steel plate, and an anchor hole is arranged at the steel plate connection; the spherical structures at the two ends of the mountain-shaped steel belt are respectively inserted into the connecting gaps of the upper tray and the lower tray of the bidirectional tray, an anchor rod or an anchor cable is fixed to the upper rock mass of the chamber by being inserted into the anchor hole of the bidirectional tray, and the mountain-shaped steel belt is supported through the supporting device. Compared with the prior art, the outer exposed ribs of the mountain-shaped steel belt increase the self-bearing capacity of the mountain-shaped steel belt, the span of the mountain-shaped steel belt is reduced through the middle supporting rod, and the stability of the supporting structure is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel support technology, specifically to a support device and method for deeply buried large tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of mineral resources, tunneling engineering is progressing to deeper levels, where rock masses present the challenges of high stress, high temperature, and high osmotic pressure. Under high stress, after tunnel excavation, stress concentration easily occurs on the surrounding rock surface, leading to surface fracturing and gradual peeling. During this process, stress release occurs, and this stress release can persist for up to six months or even longer after tunneling support is installed. Therefore, flexible support is the primary method for deep tunneling engineering, with anchor-sprayed mesh being the main form of flexible support.

[0003] Currently, long anchor bolts and long anchor cables are commonly used as permanent supports for underground large chambers. Construction is carried out in stages and steps. After the surrounding rock is exposed, short anchor bolts, steel arches, and grid arches are used as temporary supports. However, these supports all have the following characteristics: ① Short anchor bolts provide fast support, but their short length poses a risk of block or partial collapse during the temporary support stage; ② Steel arches have a certain support strength and buffer against rock deformation, but the large span of the large chamber, coupled with the lack of support in the middle of the arch, makes it extremely easy for the entire arch to fail. It is also difficult to connect the temporary steel arches with the subsequent permanent supports; ③ Grid arches have similar characteristics to steel arches.

[0004] Therefore, the support for deep underground chambers needs to be a form that can provide quick temporary support and can be well connected with permanent support in the later stages.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a support device and method for deep-buried large tunnels. This structure can achieve the purpose of having a certain strength for early temporary support and being able to combine well with permanent support in the later stage, while also increasing the bearing capacity of long anchor bolts and long anchor cable trays.

[0007] To achieve one of the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A deep-buried large tunnel support device includes a mountain-shaped steel belt, a two-way pallet, and a support device;

[0009] The two ends of the mountain-shaped steel strip are provided with spherical structures, and at least three sets of steel strip ribs are provided at the upper end of the mountain-shaped steel strip.

[0010] The bidirectional pallet includes an upper pallet and a lower pallet, which are connected by a steel plate, and anchor holes are provided at the connection of the steel plate.

[0011] The spherical structures at both ends of the mountain-shaped steel strip are respectively inserted into the connection gap between the upper and lower trays of the bidirectional tray. The anchor rod or anchor cable is fixed to the upper rock mass of the chamber by passing through the anchor hole of the bidirectional tray. The mountain-shaped steel strip is supported by a support device.

[0012] Preferably, the support device includes a support rod, a pad, and a short anchor rod. One end of the support rod is connected to the mountain-shaped steel strip, and the other end of the support rod is connected to the pad. The pad is fixed to the lower rock mass of the main chamber by the short anchor rod.

[0013] Preferably, the support rod is connected to the mountain-shaped steel strip by bolts, and the bolt connection is located at the rib of the steel strip.

[0014] Preferably, the middle portion of the upper tray protrudes upward, and the middle portion of the lower tray protrudes downward.

[0015] Preferably, the length of the mountain-shaped steel strip ranges from 0.8 to 1.5 m, the width ranges from 100 to 350 mm, and the thickness is not less than 6 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the side length of the bidirectional pallet is the same as the width of the mountain-shaped steel strip.

[0017] Preferably, the upper tray and the lower tray are connected by welding steel plates.

[0018] To achieve the second objective mentioned above, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0019] A method for supporting a deeply buried large tunnel includes the following steps:

[0020] After the chamber is excavated, shotcrete is sprayed onto the surface of the chamber.

[0021] Connect a bidirectional pallet to two mountain-shaped steel strips, squeeze the spherical structure of the mountain-shaped steel strips directly into the bidirectional pallet, and place the connected structure tightly against the rock wall;

[0022] The mountain-shaped steel strip is supported by support rods, and a pad is placed at the bottom of the support rods. The lower pad is anchored into the lower rock mass using short anchor rods.

[0023] After the mountain-shaped steel strip support is completed, the anchor rods or anchor cables are inserted into the anchor holes of the bidirectional tray. After the anchor rods or anchor cables are installed, the support rods are removed.

[0024] After continuing the blasting and excavation of the chamber, repeat the previous steps.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the support device and method for deeply buried large tunnels provided by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The spheres of the mountain-shaped steel strip between the two-way pallets are used as the supporting part of the pallet to increase the shear strength of the pallet. The two-way pallet connects the mountain-shaped steel strip and the anchor bolt or anchor cable into one piece.

[0027] 2. The exposed ribs of the mountain-shaped steel strip increase its own load-bearing capacity, and the span of the mountain-shaped steel strip is reduced by the intermediate support rod, which is conducive to the stability of the support structure.

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a deep-buried large tunnel support device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mountain-shaped steel strip in a deep-buried large tunnel support device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Side view.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional tray structure in a deep-buried large tunnel support device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Top view.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support device in a deep-buried large tunnel support device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a deep-buried large tunnel support device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in which anchor bolts or anchor cables are fixed after being inserted into a bidirectional tray.

[0037] The diagram is shown below:

[0038] 1. U-shaped steel strip; 2. Two-way pallet; 3. Support device; 4. Anchor bolt;

[0039] 11. Spherical structure; 12. Steel ribs; 21. Upper pallet; 22. Lower pallet; 23. Steel plate; 24. Anchor hole; 31. Support rod; 32. Pad plate; 33. Short anchor rod. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] like Figure 1-7 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a support device for a deeply buried large tunnel, including a mountain-shaped steel strip 1, a bidirectional pallet 2, and a support device 3; the two ends of the mountain-shaped steel strip 1 are provided with spherical structures 11, and at least three sets of steel strip ribs 12 are provided at the upper end of the mountain-shaped steel strip 1; the bidirectional pallet 2 includes an upper pallet 21 and a lower pallet 22, the upper pallet 21 and the lower pallet 22 are connected by a steel plate 23, and an anchor hole 24 is provided at the connection of the steel plate 23; the two ends of the spherical structures 11 of the mountain-shaped steel strip 1 are respectively inserted into the connection gap between the upper pallet 21 and the lower pallet 22 of the bidirectional pallet 2, and the anchor rod 4 or anchor cable is fixed to the upper rock mass of the tunnel by passing through the anchor hole 24 of the bidirectional pallet 2, and the mountain-shaped steel strip 1 is supported by the support device 3.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support device 3 includes a support rod 31, a pad 32, and a short anchor rod 33. One end of the support rod 31 is connected to the mountain-shaped steel strip 1, and the other end of the support rod 31 is connected to the pad 32. The pad 32 is fixed to the lower rock mass of the main chamber by the short anchor rod 33.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support rod 31 is connected to the mountain-shaped steel strip 1 by bolts, and the bolt connection is located at the steel strip rib 12.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the middle portion of the upper tray 21 protrudes upward, and the middle portion of the lower tray 22 protrudes downward.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length of the mountain-shaped steel strip 1 ranges from 0.8 to 1.5 m, the width ranges from 100 to 350 mm, and the thickness is not less than 6 mm.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side length of the bidirectional pallet 2 is equal to the width of the mountain-shaped steel strip 1.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper tray 21 and the lower tray 22 are welded together by steel plate 23.

[0048] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for supporting a deeply buried large tunnel, comprising the following steps:

[0049] After the chamber is excavated, sprayed concrete is applied to the chamber surface. A bidirectional pallet is connected to two mountain-shaped steel strips, and the spherical structure of the mountain-shaped steel strips is directly squeezed into the bidirectional pallet. The connected structure is then placed tightly against the rock wall. The mountain-shaped steel strips are supported by support rods, with pads placed at the bottom of the support rods. The lower pads are anchored into the lower rock mass using short anchor rods. After the mountain-shaped steel strips are supported, anchor rods or anchor cables are inserted into the anchor holes of the bidirectional pallet. After the anchor rods or anchor cables are installed, the support rods are removed. The previous steps are repeated after blasting and excavation of the chamber continues. Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a support device and method for deep-buried large chambers. The spherical structure of the mountain-shaped steel strips between the bidirectional pallets serves as the support part of the pallet, increasing the shear strength of the pallet. The bidirectional pallet connects the mountain-shaped steel strips and anchor rods or anchor cables as a whole. The exposed ribs of the mountain-shaped steel strips increase their own bearing capacity. The span of the "mountain"-shaped steel strips is reduced by the intermediate support rods, which is beneficial to the stability of the support structure.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0053] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

Claims

1. A support device for a deeply buried large tunnel, characterized in that, Includes U-shaped steel strip, bidirectional pallet and support device; The two ends of the mountain-shaped steel strip are provided with spherical structures, and at least three sets of steel strip ribs are provided at the upper end of the mountain-shaped steel strip. The bidirectional pallet includes an upper pallet and a lower pallet, which are connected by a steel plate, and anchor holes are provided at the connection of the steel plate. The spherical structures at both ends of the mountain-shaped steel strip are respectively inserted into the connection gap between the upper and lower trays of the bidirectional tray. The anchor rod or anchor cable is fixed to the upper rock mass of the chamber by passing through the anchor hole of the bidirectional tray. The mountain-shaped steel strip is supported by a support device. The middle portion of the upper tray protrudes upward, and the middle portion of the lower tray protrudes downward; The length of the mountain-shaped steel strip ranges from 0.8 to 1.5 m, the width ranges from 100 to 350 mm, and the thickness is not less than 6 mm.

2. The support device for a deeply buried large tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support device includes a support rod, a pad, and a short anchor rod. One end of the support rod is connected to the mountain-shaped steel strip, and the other end of the support rod is connected to the pad. The pad is fixed to the lower rock mass of the main chamber by the short anchor rod.

3. The support device for a deeply buried large tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support rod is connected to the mountain-shaped steel strip by bolts, and the bolt connection is located at the rib of the steel strip.

4. The support device for a deeply buried large tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The side length of the bidirectional pallet is the same as the width of the mountain-shaped steel strip.

5. The support device for a deeply buried large tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper and lower trays are connected by welding steel plates.

6. A support method using the support device for a deeply buried large tunnel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: After the chamber is excavated, shotcrete is sprayed onto the surface of the chamber. Connect a bidirectional pallet to two mountain-shaped steel strips, squeeze the spherical structure of the mountain-shaped steel strips directly into the bidirectional pallet, and place the connected structure tightly against the rock wall; The mountain-shaped steel strip is supported by support rods, and a pad is placed at the bottom of the support rods. The lower pad is anchored into the lower rock mass using short anchor rods. After the mountain-shaped steel strip support is completed, the anchor rods or anchor cables are inserted into the anchor holes of the bidirectional tray. After the anchor rods or anchor cables are installed, the support rods are removed. After continuing the blasting and excavation of the chamber, repeat the previous steps.

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