A benthic animal washing device for fine sand substrate

Abstract

The present invention discloses a benthic animal elutriation device for fine sand bottom sediment, comprising a base, a support member detachably connected to the top end of the base; an elutriation member detachably connected to the support member, and the side wall of the elutriation member is rotatably connected to the support member. A filter member and a plugging member are detachably connected to the top end of the elutriation member, the filter member is located on the side of the plugging member close to the elutriation member, and a baffle member is detachably connected to the bottom end of the elutriation member; a stirring member is arranged inside the elutriation member, one end of the stirring member is rotatably connected to the baffle member, the other end of the stirring member penetrates through the filter member and the plugging member and extends outside the elutriation member, and the stirring member is rotatably connected to the elutriation member through a driving device. The present invention can separate benthic animals and fine sand bottom sediment in the muddy water mixture by quickly stirring to generate different centrifugal forces, thereby realizing efficient and rapid elutriation. First, it has strong pertinence and good elutriation effect; second, it solves the low efficiency of manual floating separation in the prior art and saves time and effort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of benthic animal washing, in particular to a benthic animal washing device with fine sand bottom. Background Art

[0002] Benthic animals, or large benthic invertebrates, refer to aquatic invertebrates that live partly or entirely at the bottom of the water body and whose body size cannot pass through a 0.5mm sieve. As an important component of the aquatic ecosystem, benthic animals mostly live by attaching to substrates such as rocks and vegetation, or burying in soft substrates such as mud and sand. They feed on various algae, organic particles, litter and sediments, which can accelerate the decomposition of humus and achieve self-purification of the water body. They can also serve as a food source for fish and have a significant upward effect on fish. At the same time, benthic animals can also better reflect the cumulative effects of disturbance and coercion on water bodies over a period of time, and can accurately reflect the environmental quality of water bodies. They are also the most commonly used indicator organisms in water quality biological monitoring and evaluation, and play an important role in maintaining the stability of the ecosystem.

[0003] The field sampling process of benthic animals mainly includes two steps: mud collection and washing. In order to separate benthic animals from the collected silt, sand or humus, it is usually necessary to use a steel sieve or a D-type net for washing. At present, the commonly used steel sieve is mainly composed of a 60-mesh (0.250mm) sieve silk and a stainless steel ring with a height of 6cm; the D-type net is mainly composed of a 60-mesh nylon sieve silk net bag and a stainless steel square frame with a side length of 25cm. For bottom sediments with silt as the main component, steel sieves or D-type nets can basically meet the requirements of washing; but when the bottom sediment is mainly fine sand, and the fine sand particles are just not much different from the 60-mesh aperture, the steel sieve or D-type net cannot achieve effective washing at this time, and it is necessary to use the floating washing separation method for washing. The specific operation steps are to pour the bottom sediment samples containing mud, sand, gravel, etc. into a plastic bucket and add a certain amount of water. The centrifugal force generated by rapid stirring can separate benthic animals of different masses, and then pour the upper mud and water mixture into the sieve. Repeat this 3-5 times, and observe the remaining residues in the plastic bucket with the naked eye to see if there are large mollusks such as snails or shellfish. The residues can be discarded only after confirming that there are no leftovers. The whole process takes at least 30-35 minutes. However, in the actual sampling process, the amount of bottom sediment samples that need to be washed is often very large. The use of conventional floating washing separation methods is not only inefficient, but also time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a benthic animal elutriation device for fine sand bottom sediment, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and be able to separate benthic animals and fine sand bottom sediment in the muddy water mixture by generating different centrifugal forces through rapid stirring, thereby realizing efficient and rapid elutriation. First, it has strong pertinence and good elutriation effect; second, it solves the low efficiency of manual floating separation in the prior art, and saves time and effort.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a benthic animal elutriation device for fine sand bottom sediment, including,

[0006] a base, the top of the base is detachably connected with a support member;

[0007] an elutriation member, detachably connected to the support member, and the side wall of the elutriation member is rotatably connected to the support member. A filtering member and a plugging member are detachably connected to the top of the elutriation member. The filtering member is located on the side of the plugging member close to the elutriation member. A blocking member is detachably connected to the bottom of the elutriation member;

[0008] a stirring member, arranged in the elutriation member, one end of the stirring member is rotatably connected to the blocking member, the other end of the stirring member penetrates through the filtering member and the plugging member and extends out of the elutriation member, and the stirring member is rotatably connected to the elutriation member through a driving device.

[0009] Further, the elutriation member is an elutriation tank, the top and bottom of the elutriation tank are open, and the top and bottom of the elutriation tank are respectively detachably connected to the filtering member, the plugging member, and the blocking member through the outer ring wall.

[0010] Further, the support member includes two relatively arranged human-shaped brackets. The elutriation tank is located between the two human-shaped brackets. The bottom ends of the human-shaped brackets are detachably connected to the base. A support plate is fixedly connected to the side of the human-shaped bracket close to the elutriation tank. A receiving groove is opened at the top of the support plate. A rotating rod adapted to the receiving groove is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the elutriation tank. The elutriation tank is rotatably connected to the support plate through the rotating rod. A limiting rod penetrates through the side wall of the support plate. The limiting rod is located above the rotating rod, and the limiting rod cooperates with the receiving groove to limit the rotating rod.

[0011] Further, a plurality of installation holes are axially opened at the top of the base. Installation columns are respectively fixedly connected to the two bottom ends of the human-shaped bracket. The two installation columns are inserted into any two of the installation holes.

[0012] Further, a placement groove is opened at the top of the outer ring wall at the top of the elutriation tank. The filtering member includes a screen arranged in the placement groove. The inside of the elutriation tank is communicated with the outside of the elutriation tank through the screen. The screen is detachably connected to the outer ring wall at the top of the elutriation tank through fixing screws.

[0013] Further, the mesh size of the sieve is 40 mesh.

[0014] Further, the plugging member includes a plugging cover sleeved on the outer ring wall at the top of the elutriation tank, and the inner wall of the plugging cover is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the outer ring wall.

[0015] Further, the blocking member includes a baffle corresponding to the outer ring wall at the bottom end of the elutriation tank, and the baffle is detachably connected to the outer ring wall through a disassembly bolt.

[0016] Further, the stirring member includes a stirring shaft disposed in the elutriation tank. A groove for accommodating one end of the stirring shaft is formed at the top end of the baffle. The other end of the stirring shaft extends out of the elutriation tank and is in transmission connection with the driving device. A plurality of blades are sequentially threadedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring shaft from top to bottom, and the blades are detachably connected to the stirring shaft.

[0017] Further, the driving device is one of an electric drill, an electric screwdriver, an electric batch, or a manual crank.

[0018] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention is targeted at fine sand bottom sediments represented by iron plate sand with the characteristics of "easy to start, fast precipitation, dense structure and easy to caking". By quickly stirring with the stirring member, the characteristics of fast precipitation and easy caking of the iron plate sand are destroyed, so as to realize efficient and rapid separation and elutriation of the muddy water mixture.

[0020] 2. The elutriation device of the present invention has a simple structure. The overall structure is assembled, detachable, easy to assemble, and convenient to carry and use for field sampling.

[0021] 3. When separating and elutriating, this process saves time and effort, improves the elutriation efficiency while ensuring the elutriation quality, and reduces the errors of incomplete manual elutriation and low quality. Description of the Drawings

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the elutriation device;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the elutriation tank tilting device;

[0025] Figure 3 An exploded view of the elutriation device;

[0026] Figure 4 An exploded view of the connection relationship between the human-shaped support and the base;

[0027] Figure 5 For Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of part A in

[0028] Figure 6 An exploded view of the connection relationship between the top outer ring wall and the screen

[0029] Figure 7 A three-dimensional view of the connection relationship between the bottom outer ring wall and the baffle;

[0030] Figure 8 A front view of the connection relationship between the stirring shaft and the paddle;

[0031] Wherein, 1 - base, 2 - elutriation tank, 3 - outer ring wall, 4 - human-shaped support, 5 - support plate, 6 - receiving groove, 7 - rotating rod, 8 - limiting rod, 9 - mounting hole, 10 - mounting post, 11 - placing groove, 12 - screen, 13 - fixing screw, 14 - plugging cover, 15 - baffle, 16 - disassembly bolt, 17 - stirring shaft, 18 - groove, 19 - paddle, 20 - driving device. Specific embodiments

[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] The present invention provides a benthic animal elutriation device for fine sand bottom sediment, including a base 1, a support member detachably connected to the top of the base 1; an elutriation member detachably connected to the support member, and the side wall of the elutriation member is rotatably connected to the support member. A filtering member and a plugging member are detachably connected to the top of the elutriation member, the filtering member is located on the side of the plugging member close to the elutriation member, and a blocking member is detachably connected to the bottom of the elutriation member; a stirring member is arranged in the elutriation member, one end of the stirring member is rotatably connected to the blocking member, the other end of the stirring member penetrates through the filtering member and the plugging member and extends outside the elutriation member, and the stirring member is rotatably connected to the elutriation member through a driving device 20.

[0035] During elutriation, the elutriation part is vertically arranged. In use, first transfer the fine sand bottom sediment from the top of the elutriation part into the elutriation part and inject an appropriate amount of clear water. Then, block the filter part and the blocking part in sequence, start the driving device 20 to drive the stirring part to rotate in the elutriation part, and separate benthic animals and fine sand of different masses by the centrifugal force generated by the stirring of the stirring part. Then, rotate the elutriation part to export the upper muddy water mixture from the top of the elutriation part and make it enter another screening mesh (not shown in the figure) to achieve separation and elutriation. Then, for the fine sand bottom sediment deposited at the bottom of the elutriation part, by removing the blocking part, it is poured out from the bottom of the elutriation part. This process saves time and effort, improves the elutriation efficiency, ensures the elutriation quality, and reduces the errors caused by incomplete manual elutriation and low quality.

[0036] Among them, each structure is convenient for installation and disassembly, so it is convenient to carry and assemble. During the assembly process, first connect the support part to the base 1, then erect the elutriation part on the support part, install the stirring part into the elutriation part, then place the fine sand bottom sediment and clear water, and then install the filter part and the blocking part in sequence. Use the filter part and the blocking part to limit the stirring part and block the top of the elutriation part, and finally use the external driving device 20 to drive the stirring part to rotate, so as to realize the stirring function.

[0037] In a further optimized scheme, the elutriation part is an elutriation tank 2. The top and bottom of the elutriation tank 2 are open, and the top and bottom of the elutriation tank 2 are respectively detachably connected to the filter part, the blocking part, and the blocking piece through the outer ring wall 3. The elutriation tank 2 is a tank structure with openings at both ends. The outer ring wall 3 plays a role in connecting the elutriation tank 2 with the filter part, the blocking part, and the blocking piece. It can be understood that according to the operation needs, the filter part, the blocking part, and the blocking piece are connected to or disassembled from the outer ring wall 3.

[0038] Furthermore, a handle (not shown in the figure) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the elutriation tank 2. The presence of the handle facilitates the rotation of the elutriation tank 2, and the position of the handle can be set according to actual needs.

[0039] In a further optimized scheme, the support part includes two human-shaped brackets 4 arranged oppositely. The elutriation tank 2 is located between the two human-shaped brackets 4. The bottom ends of the human-shaped brackets 4 are detachably connected to the base 1. A support plate 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the human-shaped bracket 4 close to the elutriation tank 2. A receiving groove 6 is opened at the top end of the support plate 5. A rotating rod 7 adapted to the receiving groove 6 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the elutriation tank 2. The elutriation tank 2 is rotatably connected to the support plate 5 through the rotating rod 7. A limiting rod 8 is penetrated through the side wall of the support plate 5. The limiting rod 8 is located above the rotating rod 7, and the limiting rod 8 cooperates with the receiving groove 6 to limit the rotating rod 7.

[0040] The human-shaped bracket 4 can be placed on the base 1. The support plate 5 on the two human-shaped brackets 4 is used to support the rotating rod 7. Due to the existence of the limiting rod 8, after the rotating rod 7 is located in the receiving groove 6, the rotating rod 7 is not easily separated from the support plate 5 under the action of the receiving groove 6 and the limiting rod 8. At the same time, the elutriation tank 2 can rotate relative to the human-shaped bracket 4 under the action of the rotating rod 7, realizing the rotation of the elutriation tank 2 within 0° - 180°.

[0041] In a further optimized solution, a number of mounting holes 9 are axially opened at the top end of the base 1. The two bottom ends of the human-shaped bracket 4 are respectively fixedly connected with mounting columns 10, and the two mounting columns 10 are inserted into any two mounting holes 9. A circle of mounting holes 9 is opened at the top end of the base 1. Therefore, when fixing the human-shaped bracket 4, one human-shaped bracket 4 can be randomly fixed at the top end of the base 1, and the other human-shaped bracket 4 can be symmetrically arranged with this human-shaped bracket 4. This setting makes the installation of the human-shaped bracket 4 convenient and shortens the installation time.

[0042] In a further optimized solution, a placement groove 11 is opened at the top of the outer ring wall 3 at the top end of the elutriation tank 2. The filter element includes a sieve mesh 12 arranged in the placement groove 11. The inside of the elutriation tank 2 is communicated with the outside of the elutriation tank 2 through the sieve mesh 12. The sieve mesh 12 is detachably connected to the outer ring wall 3 at the top end of the elutriation tank 2 by fixing screws 13. The placement groove 11 is used to accommodate the sieve mesh 12. Under the action of the fixing screws 13, the sieve mesh 12 is fixed on the outer ring wall 3, facilitating subsequent screening.

[0043] In a further optimized solution, the mesh of the sieve mesh 12 is 40 meshes. The sieve mesh 12 is preferably a steel sieve mesh. The mesh of the sieve mesh 12 is 40 meshes, and its sieve holes are relatively thick. The upper layer of muddy water mixture is poured into the screening mesh through the sieve mesh 12 for screening, and the mesh of the screening mesh is 60 meshes.

[0044] In a further optimized solution, the plugging member includes a plugging cover 14 sleeved on the outer ring wall 3 at the top end of the elutriation tank 2. The inner wall of the plugging cover 14 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the outer ring wall 3. The plugging cover 14 is used to seal the top end of the elutriation tank 2 to prevent splashing when stirring the mixture in the elutriation tank 2.

[0045] In a further optimized solution, the blocking member includes a baffle 15 corresponding to the outer ring wall 3 at the bottom end of the elutriation tank 2. The baffle 15 is detachably connected to the outer ring wall 3 by a disassembly bolt 16. The baffle 15 is used to block the bottom end of the elutriation tank 2. When it is necessary to discard the residue, the baffle 15 is opened, and the residue is discharged from the bottom end of the elutriation tank 2.

[0046] For a further optimized solution, the stirring member includes a stirring shaft 17 disposed in the elutriation tank 2. A groove 18 for accommodating one end of the stirring shaft 17 is formed at the top of the baffle 15. The other end of the stirring shaft 17 extends out of the elutriation tank 2 and is in transmission connection with a driving device 20. A plurality of blades 19 are sequentially threadedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring shaft 17 from top to bottom, and the blades 19 are detachably connected to the stirring shaft 17. Among them, the lengths of the stirring shafts 17 can be the same or different, which is determined according to actual needs. Nut holes are formed in the stirring shaft 17. One end of the blade 19 extends into the nut hole and is threadedly connected to the stirring shaft 17, so that the connection and disassembly of the blade 19 and the stirring shaft 17 can be facilitated.

[0047] For a further optimized solution, the driving device 20 is one of an electric drill, an electric screwdriver, and an electric batch. The driving device 20 is a device with a rotatable movable end. At the same time, the end of the stirring shaft 17 extending out of the elutriation tank 2 is adapted to the movable end of the driving device 20, that is, the movable end of the driving device 20 can drive the stirring shaft 17 to rotate.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention:

[0049] When collecting benthic animal samples using a 1 / 16㎡ dredge in the main stream of the Yangtze River, 90% of the bottom sediments are mainly fine sand and gravel (iron plate sand). By applying the benthic animal floating and separating device of the present invention, the elutriation of benthic animals in the fine sand bottom sediment is carried out.

[0050] Among them, the elutriation tank 2 is in a tank shape or a cylindrical shape and is made of stainless steel. The height and inner diameter of the barrel body are both 30 cm. The stirring shaft 17 is a detachable stainless steel iron rod with a diameter of 0.5 cm. Six nut holes are designed at equal distances on it. The six nut holes extend downward at an angle of 120 degrees in pairs. The diameter of the nut holes is 0.3 cm, and the hole pitch is 4 cm, which is convenient for installing, fixing, and disassembling the blades 19. The blade 19 is a detachable blade, with a length of 14 cm, a width of 2 cm, and a thickness of 0.3 cm. One end of the blade 19 is designed as a rotatable nut type, and the size of the nut is matched with the size of the nut hole of the stirring shaft 17. The base 1 is a white annular structure, with an outer diameter of 38 cm and an inner diameter of 30 cm. A circle of mounting holes 9 with a diameter of 0.5 cm is designed at a distance of 1 cm from the circumference on the outermost side of the base 1, and the adjacent mounting holes 9 are spaced 2 cm apart.

[0051] When starting the elutriation of benthic animals in fine sand sediment, the sampling personnel can first transfer the collected fine sand sediment sample to the elutriation tank 2 and add an appropriate amount of clean water to it. The volume of the elutriated sediment does not exceed 1 / 2 of the volume of the entire elutriation tank 2. Subsequently, start the driving device 20. During actual operation, it first runs at a low speed and then speeds up to uniform stirring, allowing the stirring shaft 17 equipped with the paddle 19 to start uniformly stirring the sediment sample at a certain speed. The centrifugal force generated by the stirring can separate benthic animals of different masses. Then, pour the upper muddy water mixture from the top of the elutriation tank 2 into a 60-mesh sieve for effective separation and elutriation. After repeating this 3 times, pour the fine sand sample precipitated at the bottom of the elutriation tank 2 onto a white disk through the bottom of the elutriation tank 2. The white disk can be placed on the white annular base 1. After visually observing and confirming that there are no mollusks with relatively large mass and large individuals such as snails or shellfish in the remaining residue in the white disk, the residue can be discarded. The whole process takes 10 - 15 minutes, achieving rapid elutriation, saving time and manpower at the same time.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0053] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for washing benthic animals on fine sandy bottom. It is characterized in that include, A base (1), wherein a top end of the base (1) is detachably connected to a support member; The eluting piece is detachably connected to the support, and the side wall of the eluting piece is rotatably connected to the support, the top of the eluting piece is detachably connected to a filter and a blocking piece, the filter is located on a side of the blocking piece close to the eluting piece, and the bottom of the eluting piece is detachably connected to a blocking piece; a stirring member, arranged in the elutriating member, one end of the stirring member being rotatably connected to the blocking member, the other end of the stirring member penetrating the filtering member and the blocking member and extending out of the elutriating member, the stirring member being rotatably connected to the elutriating member via a driving device (20); The elution element is an elution tank (2), the top and bottom of the elution tank (2) are open, and the top and bottom of the elution tank (2) are detachably connected to the filter element, the blocking element, and the blocking element through an outer ring wall (3) respectively; The blocking member comprises a blocking cover (14) sleeved on the outer annular wall (3) at the top of the washing tank (2), the inner wall of the blocking cover (14) being threadedly connected to the outer wall of the outer annular wall (3); The baffle comprises a baffle plate (15) arranged corresponding to the outer ring wall (3) at the bottom end of the washing tank (2), and the baffle plate (15) is detachably connected to the outer ring wall (3) by disassembling bolts (16); The stirring member comprises a stirring shaft (17) arranged in the elutriation tank (2); a groove (18) for accommodating one end of the stirring shaft (17) is formed at the top of the baffle (15); the other end of the stirring shaft (17) extends out of the elutriation tank (2) and is drivingly connected to the driving device (20); a plurality of paddles (19) are threadedly connected in sequence from top to bottom to the outer wall of the stirring shaft (17); and the paddles (19) are detachably connected to the stirring shaft (17); The driving device (20) is one of an electric drill, an electric screwdriver, an electric screwdriver, or a manual crank; The washing tank (2) is in the shape of a tank or a cylinder and is made of stainless steel. The height and inner diameter of the barrel are both 30 cm. The stirring shaft (17) is a detachable stainless steel iron rod with a diameter of 0.5 cm. Six nut holes are designed at equal distances on the stirring shaft. The six nut holes extend downward at 120 degrees in pairs. The diameter of the nut holes is 0.3 cm and the hole spacing is 4 cm, which is convenient for installing, fixing and removing the paddle (19). The paddle (19) is a detachable paddle with a length of 14 cm, a width of 2 cm and a thickness of 0.3 cm. One end of the paddle (19) is designed as a screwable nut type, and the size of the nut is matched with the size of the nut hole of the stirring shaft (17). When the driving device (20) is actually working, it first runs at a low speed and then speeds up to a uniform speed for stirring.

2. The device for washing benthic animals in a fine sandy bottom according to claim 1, Features: The support member includes two human-shaped brackets (4) arranged oppositely, the elutriation tank (2) is located between the two human-shaped brackets (4), the bottom ends of the human-shaped brackets (4) are detachably connected to the base (1), a support plate (5) is fixedly connected to one side of the human-shaped bracket (4) close to the elutriation tank (2), a receiving groove (6) is formed at the top end of the support plate (5), a rotating rod (7) adapted to the receiving groove (6) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the elutriation tank (2), the elutriation tank (2) is rotationally connected to the support plate (5) through the rotating rod (7), a limiting rod (8) penetrates through the side wall of the support plate (5), the limiting rod (8) is located above the rotating rod (7), and the limiting rod (8) cooperates with the receiving groove (6) to limit the rotating rod (7).

3. The benthic animal elutriation device with fine sand bottom sediment according to claim 2, characterized in that: a plurality of mounting holes (9) are axially formed at the top end of the base (1), mounting columns (10) are fixedly connected to the two bottom ends of the human-shaped bracket (4), and the two mounting columns (10) are inserted into any two of the mounting holes (9).

4. The benthic animal elutriation device with fine sand bottom sediment according to claim 1, characterized in that: a placement groove (11) is formed at the top end of the outer ring wall (3) at the top end of the elutriation tank (2), the filtering member includes a screen (12) arranged in the placement groove (11), the inside of the elutriation tank (2) is communicated with the outside of the elutriation tank (2) through the screen (12), and the screen (12) is detachably connected to the outer ring wall (3) at the top end of the elutriation tank (2) through fixing screws (13).

5. The benthic animal elutriation device with fine sand bottom sediment according to claim 4, characterized in that: the mesh of the screen (12) is 40 mesh.

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