A high-cold-region large-section tunnel deep-buried center ditch anti-freezing and heat preservation structure

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a freezing prevention and heat preservation structure for a deep buried central ditch of a large section tunnel in an alpine region, which comprises a concrete base, the surface of the concrete base is fixedly installed with a drainage pipeline, the outer surface of the drainage pipeline is fixedly connected with a heat preservation layer, the outer surface of the heat preservation layer is provided with a fine sand cushion layer, the outer surface of the drainage pipeline is fixedly connected with an annular pipeline, the outer surface of the annular pipeline is fixedly connected with a central pipe, the number of the central pipes is multiple, and the central pipes are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer surface of the annular pipeline, the outer surface of the drainage pipeline is provided with a first drainage cold prevention seat, the surface of the first drainage cold prevention seat is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe which is correspondingly arranged with the annular pipeline, the freezing prevention and heat preservation structure can avoid the slow flowing water in the ditch from freezing in the tunnel for a long time, prevent the ditch from icing, and improve the durability of the tunnel to a certain extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel engineering technology, specifically a frost-proof and heat-insulating structure for a deep-buried central water ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel engineering projects are constructed in underground rock strata, and the entire tunnel structure may be surrounded by groundwater. Groundwater is ubiquitous, and often due to insufficient understanding of geological exploration and inadequate work in various stages of design, construction, and operation management, defects in the tunnel's drainage system are caused, leading to water leakage in the tunnel. Tunnel water leakage has become one of the major defects affecting highway tunnels.

[0003] In high-altitude and cold regions, the freezing and blockage of the central drainage ditch in tunnels will generate expansion pressure, causing problems such as local stress concentration and drainage system failure. In severe cases, it may even endanger traffic safety. Furthermore, the repeated freeze-thaw cycles of the tunnel drainage ditch will affect the durability of the tunnel structure.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides an antifreeze and heat-insulating structure for a deep-buried central water ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: The antifreeze and heat-insulating structure for a deep-buried central drainage ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region, as described in this invention, includes a concrete base, on the surface of which a drainage pipe is fixedly installed; an insulation layer is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drainage pipe, and a fine sand pad is provided on the outer surface of the insulation layer; an annular pipe is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drainage pipe, and a central pipe is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the annular pipe, wherein multiple central pipes are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer surface of the annular pipe; a first drainage antifreeze seat is provided on the outer surface of the drainage pipe; a connecting pipe corresponding to the annular pipe is fixedly connected to the surface of the first drainage antifreeze seat; a return plate is rotatably connected inside the first drainage antifreeze seat, and an arc-shaped plate is provided on the outer surface of the return plate; In cold regions, ice blockage in the central drainage ditch of a tunnel will generate expansion pressure, causing… Problems such as localized stress concentration and drainage system failure can seriously endanger traffic safety, and repeated freeze-thaw cycles in the tunnel drainage ditches will affect the durability of the tunnel structure. During operation, while groundwater flows through the drainage pipes, some water flows through the central pipe into the interior of the annular pipe. Due to the presence of multiple central pipes, the water flow can be converged. The water then flows through the upper central pipe into the connecting pipe and the interior of the first drainage anti-freezing seat, impacting the surface of the return plate inside the first drainage anti-freezing seat. Because the surface of the return plate is equipped with arc-shaped plates, when it is subjected to impact force, the return plate will rotate at a certain angle. Under the rotation of the return plate, it will agitate the water with a certain force, causing the water to collide with the inner wall of the annular pipe and changing the state of the water flow. This can prevent the slowly flowing water from freezing in the tunnel ditches over a long period of time and prevent ice formation in the ditches, thus improving the durability of the tunnel to a certain extent.

[0007] Preferably, a protruding rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the return plate, a deflecting rod is rotatably connected inside the first drainage and cold protection seat, and a pressure rod is slidably connected inside the first drainage and cold protection seat and above the deflecting rod; a rotating shaft adapted to the deflecting rod is provided inside the first drainage and cold protection seat; a contact rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the deflecting rod, and a diverting rod is fixedly connected to the side of the contact rod away from the deflecting rod; during operation, when part of the water flows through the interior of the first drainage and cold protection seat, the water flow will impact the surface of the return plate, and the arc-shaped plate on the surface of the return plate will be impacted by the water flow. Due to the impact force, the return plate will rotate at a certain angle, which will cause the convex rod to rotate synchronously. During the rotation, the convex rod will come into contact with the pressure rod and squeeze it. Then, the pressure rod will simultaneously drive the deflection rod to rotate, and the deflection rod will drive the contact rod to move, which in turn drives the diverting rod to move. At this time, the diverting rod will divert part of the water flow, so that the water flow will hit the side surface of the annular pipe during the flow process, causing the water flow and the annular pipe to collide with each other, thereby improving the flow effect of the water flow; changing the way the water flows, and thus preventing ice from forming in the ditch.

[0008] Preferably, the diverting rod is rotatably connected to both the upper and lower sides with fan-shaped blades; a groove is provided in the middle of the fan-shaped blades; a rotating shaft adapted to the fan-shaped blades is provided on the surface of the diverting rod; during operation, when the water flow comes into contact with the diverting rod, the fan-shaped blades on the surface of the diverting rod will also be subjected to the impact force of the water flow, so that the fan-shaped blades will rotate at a certain angle on the outer surface of the diverting rod, further improving the mutual impact effect between the water flow and the annular pipe.

[0009] Preferably, a water storage seat is fixedly connected inside the first drainage and cold protection seat; one end of the diverting rod passes through the inside of the water storage seat, and water-holding pipes are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower sides of the water storage seat; the surface of the water storage seat is provided with slots that are compatible with the water-holding pipes; during operation, a water storage seat is set inside the first drainage and cold protection seat, which allows some water to enter the water storage seat through the water-holding pipe, thereby storing part of the water flow, which facilitates the subsequent exchange of water between the water storage seat and the annular pipe.

[0010] Preferably, a piston plate is fixedly connected to one end of the diverting rod and located on the inner wall of the water storage seat; a rubber plate is installed on the inner wall of the water storage seat; and the piston plate is made of rubber; the width of the piston plate is adapted to the width of the water storage seat; during operation, as the diverting rod moves, it simultaneously drives the piston plate to move on the inner wall of the water storage seat. At this time, the rubber piston plate will rub against the inner wall of the water storage seat, and a certain amount of heat will be generated under the continuous friction between the piston plate and the water storage seat; thus, the temperature of some of the water in the water storage seat will increase, and the water in the water storage seat will be exchanged with the water in the annular pipe through the water-holding pipe, which can realize the exchange of hot and cold energy in the central water ditch of the tunnel to a certain extent.

[0011] Preferably, insulation boards are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower sides of the water storage base; the insulation boards are made of polyurethane; fine sand is filled on both the upper and lower sides of the insulation boards; the polyurethane insulation boards on both the upper and lower sides of the water storage base can keep the water in the water storage base warm, which is conducive to the heat exchange of the water flow.

[0012] Preferably, a second drainage and cold protection seat is provided on the lower side of the first drainage and cold protection seat; multiple overflow pipes are fixedly connected inside the second drainage and cold protection seat; the multiple overflow pipes are connected to the annular pipe, and the shape of the multiple overflow pipes is narrow on the left and wide on the right; multiple overflow pipes are provided on the outer surface of the annular pipe, and the shape of the overflow pipes is narrow on the left and wide on the right, which can make the water flow velocity in the annular pipe faster, thereby shortening the groundwater confluence path.

[0013] Preferably, the insulation layer is filled with polyurethane board; the insulation layer also contains a foamed concrete layer; both the foamed concrete layer and the polyurethane board layer are annular in design, and the diameter of the foamed concrete layer is larger than that of the polyurethane board layer; the presence of the foamed concrete layer and the polyurethane board layer effectively insulates the drainage pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the outer surface of the annular pipe is provided with a crushed stone layer, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the annular pipe; the crushed stone layer is an aggregate with good permeability, is not easily weathered, and has good gradation; this can improve the strength of the annular pipe itself.

[0015] Preferably, the outer surface of the crushed stone layer is provided with a thermal insulation concrete slab; the number of thermal insulation concrete slabs is set in a plurality, and they are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer surface of the crushed stone layer; the arrangement of the thermal insulation concrete slabs in a circumferential array can further improve the thermal insulation effect of this annular pipe.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The present invention discloses an anti-freezing and heat-insulating structure for a deep-buried central water ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region. Water flows through the central pipe above to the connecting pipe and the interior of the first drainage anti-freezing seat, impacting the surface of the return plate inside the first drainage anti-freezing seat. Because the surface of the return plate is equipped with arc-shaped plates, it rotates at a certain angle when subjected to impact force. This rotation agitates the water with a certain force, causing the water to collide with the inner wall of the annular pipe, thus changing the flow state of the water. This prevents slowly flowing water from freezing in the tunnel ditch over a long period, preventing ice formation and improving the tunnel's durability to a certain extent.

[0018] 2. The antifreeze and heat preservation structure for a deep-buried central water ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region, as described in this invention, uses a deflection rod to drive a contact rod to move, which in turn drives a diversion rod to move. At this time, the diversion rod will divert part of the water flow, causing the water flow to impact the side surface of the annular pipe during its flow, resulting in mutual collision between the water flow and the annular pipe, thereby improving the flow effect of the water flow; changing the way the water flows, and thus preventing ice formation in the ditch.

[0019] 3. The antifreeze and heat preservation structure for a deep-buried central water ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region, as described in this invention, generates a certain amount of heat through the continuous friction between the piston plate and the water storage seat; thus, the temperature of some of the water in the water storage seat will increase, and the water in the water storage seat will be converted between the water in the holding pipe and the water in the ring pipe, thereby realizing the exchange of hot and cold energy in the central water ditch of the tunnel to a certain extent. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 In this invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure at point A;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a side view cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the first drainage and cold-proof seat in this invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water storage base structure in this invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the insulation layer structure in this invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushed stone layer in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Concrete base; 2. Drainage pipe; 21. Ring pipe; 211. Crushed stone layer; 212. Thermal insulation concrete board; 22. Central pipe; 23. First drainage and cold protection seat; 24. Connecting pipe; 3. Insulation layer; 31. Foamed concrete layer; 301. Fine sand cushion layer; 4. Return plate; 401. Arc-shaped plate; 41. Protruding rod; 42. Pressure rod; 43. Deflection rod; 44. Contact rod; 45. Diverting rod; 451. Fan-shaped plate; 452. Piston plate; 5. Water storage seat; 51. Water holding pipe; 52. Insulation board; 6. Second drainage and cold protection seat; 61. Overflow pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figures 1 to 4As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, an antifreeze and heat-insulating structure for a deep-buried central drainage ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region includes a concrete base 1. A drainage pipe 2 is fixedly installed on the surface of the concrete base 1. An insulation layer 3 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drainage pipe 2, and a fine sand pad 301 is provided on the outer surface of the insulation layer 3. An annular pipe 21 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drainage pipe 2, and a central pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the annular pipe 21. Multiple central pipes 22 are arranged in a circular array on the outer surface of the annular pipe 21. A first drainage antifreeze seat 23 is provided on the outer surface of the drainage pipe 2. A connecting pipe 24 corresponding to the annular pipe 21 is fixedly connected to the surface of the first drainage antifreeze seat 23. A return plate 4 is rotatably connected inside the first drainage antifreeze seat 23, and an arc-shaped plate 401 is provided on the outer surface of the return plate 4. In cold regions, if the central drainage ditch of the tunnel freezes and becomes blocked, it will generate expansion pressure, causing local... Problems such as stress concentration and drainage system failure can seriously endanger traffic safety, and repeated freeze-thaw cycles in the tunnel drainage ditch will affect the durability of the tunnel structure. During operation, while groundwater flows through the drainage pipe 2, some water flows through the central pipe 22 into the interior of the annular pipe 21. Due to the presence of multiple central pipes 22, the water flow can be converged. The water then flows through the upper central pipe 22 into the connecting pipe 24 and the interior of the first drainage anti-freezing seat 23, and impacts the surface of the return plate 4 inside the first drainage anti-freezing seat 23. Because the surface of the return plate 4 is equipped with arc-shaped plates 401, when it is subjected to impact force, the return plate 4 will rotate at a certain angle. Under the rotation of the return plate 4, the water will be agitated with a certain force, causing the water to collide with the inner wall of the annular pipe 21, thus changing the state of the water flow. This can prevent the slowly flowing water from freezing in the tunnel ditch over a long period of time and prevent ice formation in the ditch, thereby improving the durability of the tunnel to a certain extent.

[0032] like Figures 4 to 5As shown, a protruding rod 41 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the return plate 4; a deflecting rod 43 is rotatably connected inside the first drainage and cold protection seat 23; a pressure rod 42 is slidably connected inside the first drainage and cold protection seat 23 and above the deflecting rod 43; a rotating shaft adapted to the deflecting rod 43 is provided inside the first drainage and cold protection seat 23; a contact rod 44 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the deflecting rod 43; a diverting rod 45 is fixedly connected to the side of the contact rod 44 away from the deflecting rod 43; during operation, when part of the water flows through the interior of the first drainage and cold protection seat 23, the water flow will impact the surface of the return plate 4, and the arc-shaped plate 401 on the surface of the return plate 4 will be subjected to... Due to the impact of the water flow, the return plate 4 will rotate at a certain angle, which will drive the protruding rod 41 to rotate synchronously. During the rotation, the protruding rod 41 will come into contact with the pressure rod 42 and squeeze the pressure rod 42. Then, the pressure rod 42 will simultaneously drive the deflection rod 43 to rotate. The deflection rod 43 will drive the contact rod 44 to move, which will drive the diversion rod 45 to move. At this time, the diversion rod 45 will divert part of the water flow, so that the water flow will hit the side surface of the annular pipe 21 during the flow process, causing the water flow and the annular pipe 21 to collide with each other, thereby improving the flow effect of the water flow; changing the way the water flows, and thus preventing ice from forming in the ditch.

[0033] The diverting rod 45 is rotatably connected to both the upper and lower sides with fan-shaped plates 451; a groove is provided in the middle of the fan-shaped plate 451; a rotating shaft adapted to the fan-shaped plate 451 is provided on the surface of the diverting rod 45; during operation, when the water flow comes into contact with the diverting rod 45, the fan-shaped plate 451 on the surface of the diverting rod 45 will also be subjected to the impact force of the water flow, so that the fan-shaped plate 451 will rotate at a certain angle on the outer surface of the diverting rod 45, further improving the mutual impact effect between the water flow and the annular pipe 21.

[0034] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, a water storage seat 5 is fixedly connected inside the first drainage and cold protection seat 23; one end of the diverting rod 45 passes through the inside of the water storage seat 5, and water holding pipes 51 are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower sides of the water storage seat 5; the surface of the water storage seat 5 is provided with slots that are compatible with the water holding pipes 51; during operation, a water storage seat 5 is set inside the first drainage and cold protection seat 23, which allows some water to enter the water storage seat 5 through the water holding pipes 51, thereby storing some water flow, which facilitates the subsequent exchange of water between the water storage seat 5 and the annular pipe 21.

[0035] A piston plate 452 is fixedly connected to one end of the diverting rod 45 and to the inner wall of the water storage seat 5; a rubber plate is installed on the inner wall of the water storage seat 5; and the piston plate 452 is made of rubber; the width of the piston plate 452 is adapted to the width of the water storage seat 5; during operation, as the diverting rod 45 moves, it simultaneously drives the piston plate 452 to move on the inner wall of the water storage seat 5. At this time, the rubber piston plate 452 will rub against the inner wall of the water storage seat 5. Under the continuous friction between the piston plate 452 and the water storage seat 5, a certain amount of heat will be generated; thus, the temperature of some of the water in the water storage seat 5 will increase, and the water in the water storage seat 5 will be exchanged with the water in the annular pipe 21 through the water-holding pipe 51, which can realize the exchange of hot and cold energy in the central water ditch of the tunnel to a certain extent.

[0036] Insulation boards 52 are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower sides of the water storage base 5; the insulation board 52 is made of polyurethane; fine sand is filled on both the upper and lower sides of the insulation board 52; the polyurethane insulation board 52 is provided on both the upper and lower sides of the water storage base 5, which can keep the water in the water storage base 5 warm, thus facilitating the heat exchange of the water flow.

[0037] like Figures 2 to 3 As shown, a second drainage and cold protection seat 6 is provided on the lower side of the first drainage and cold protection seat 23; multiple overflow pipes 61 are fixedly connected inside the second drainage and cold protection seat 6; the multiple overflow pipes 61 are connected to the annular pipe 21, and the shape of the multiple overflow pipes 61 is narrow on the left and wide on the right; multiple overflow pipes 61 are provided on the outer surface of the annular pipe 21, and the shape of the overflow pipes 61 is narrow on the left and wide on the right, which can make the water flow velocity in the annular pipe 21 faster, thereby shortening the groundwater confluence path.

[0038] The insulation layer 3 is filled with polyurethane board; the insulation layer 3 also has a foamed concrete layer 31 inside; both the foamed concrete layer 31 and the polyurethane board layer are annular in design, and the diameter of the foamed concrete layer 31 is larger than the diameter of the polyurethane board layer; the foamed concrete layer 31 and the polyurethane board layer are provided to effectively insulate the drainage pipe 2.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] like Figure 7 As shown in the comparative embodiment one, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the outer surface of the annular pipe 21 is provided with a crushed stone layer 211, the diameter of the crushed stone layer 211 is larger than the diameter of the annular pipe 21; the crushed stone layer 211 is an aggregate with good permeability, not easy to weather, and good gradation; it can improve the strength of the annular pipe 21 itself.

[0041] The outer surface of the crushed stone layer 211 is provided with a thermal insulation concrete slab 212; the number of thermal insulation concrete slabs 212 is provided in a plurality of them, and they are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer surface of the crushed stone layer 211; the arrangement of the thermal insulation concrete slabs 212 in a circumferential array can further improve the thermal insulation effect of this annular pipe 21.

[0042] During operation, while groundwater flows through drainage pipe 2, some water flows through central pipe 22 into the interior of annular pipe 21. The presence of multiple central pipes 22 helps to converge the water flow. The water then flows through the upper central pipe 22 to the connecting pipe 24 and the first drainage insulation seat 23, impacting the surface of the return plate 4 inside the first drainage insulation seat 23. Because the return plate 4 has arc-shaped plates 401 on its surface, it rotates at a certain angle when subjected to impact, thus agitating the water and causing it to collide with the inner wall of the annular pipe 21, altering the water flow pattern. This prevents slowly flowing water from freezing in the tunnel's drainage channels over long periods, preventing ice formation and improving tunnel performance to a certain extent. The durability; when some water flows through the interior of the first drainage and cold protection seat 23, the water will impact the surface of the return plate 4. The arc-shaped piece 401 on the surface of the return plate 4 is affected by the impact force of the water flow, and the return plate 4 will rotate at a certain angle. As a result, the return plate 4 will drive the protruding rod 41 to rotate synchronously. During the rotation, the protruding rod 41 will come into contact with the pressure rod 42 and squeeze the pressure rod 42. Then the pressure rod 42 will simultaneously drive the deflection rod 43 to rotate. The deflection rod 43 will drive the contact rod 44 to move, so that the contact rod 44 will drive the diversion rod 45 to move. At this time, the diversion rod 45 will divert part of the water flow, so that the water flow will hit the side surface of the annular pipe 21 during the flow process, so that the water flow and the annular pipe 21 will collide with each other, thereby improving the flow effect of the water flow; changing the way the water flows, thereby preventing ice from forming in the ditch.

[0043] When the water flow comes into contact with the diverting rod 45, the fan-shaped blades 451 on the surface of the diverting rod 45 are also impacted by the water flow. As a result, the fan-shaped blades 451 rotate at a certain angle on the outer surface of the diverting rod 45, further enhancing the mutual impact effect between the water flow and the annular pipe 21. A water storage seat 5 is installed inside the first drainage and cold protection seat 23, which allows some water to enter the water storage seat 5 through the water-holding pipe 51, thereby storing part of the water flow. This facilitates the subsequent exchange of water between the water storage seat 5 and the annular pipe 21. During the movement of the diverting rod 45, the diverting rod 45 will simultaneously drive the piston plate 452 to move on the inner wall of the water storage seat 5. At this time, the rubber piston plate 452 will rub against the inner wall of the water storage seat 5. Under the continuous friction between the piston plate 452 and the water storage seat 5, a certain amount of heat will be generated. As a result, the temperature of some of the water in the water storage seat 5 will increase. Then, the water in the water storage seat 5 will be converted between the water in the water-holding pipe 51 and the water in the annular pipe 21, which can realize the exchange of hot and cold energy in the central water ditch of the tunnel to a certain extent.

[0044] Polyurethane insulation boards 52 are installed on both the upper and lower sides of the water storage base 5. These insulation boards 52 can keep the water in the water storage base 5 warm, which is conducive to the heat exchange of the water flow. Multiple overflow pipes 61 are installed on the outer surface of the annular pipe 21. The overflow pipes 61 are narrow on the left and wide on the right, which can make the water flow velocity in the annular pipe 21 faster, thereby shortening the groundwater confluence path. A foamed concrete layer 31 and a polyurethane board layer are installed, which can effectively keep the drainage pipe 2 warm. The crushed stone layer 211 is an aggregate with good permeability, not easy to weather, and good gradation, which can improve the strength of the annular pipe 21. A circular array of insulating concrete boards 212 is installed, which can further improve the insulation effect of the annular pipe 21.

[0045] The terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom" all refer to the figures in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 Based on the perspective of the observer, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0047] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A frost-proof and heat-insulating structure for a deep-buried central water ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region, characterized in that: The system includes a concrete base (1), on which a drainage pipe (2) is fixedly installed; an insulation layer (3) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drainage pipe (2), and a fine sand pad (301) is provided on the outer surface of the insulation layer (3); an annular pipe (21) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drainage pipe (2), and a central pipe (22) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the annular pipe (21), wherein multiple central pipes (22) are arranged in a circular array on the outer surface of the annular pipe (21); a first drainage cold-proof seat (23) is provided on the outer surface of the drainage pipe (2); a connecting pipe (24) corresponding to the annular pipe (21) is fixedly connected to the surface of the first drainage cold-proof seat (23); a return plate (4) is rotatably connected inside the first drainage cold-proof seat (23), and an arc-shaped plate (401) is provided on the outer surface of the return plate (4); A protruding rod (41) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the return plate (4). A deflecting rod (43) is rotatably connected inside the first drainage and cold protection seat (23). A pressure rod (42) is slidably connected inside the first drainage and cold protection seat (23) and above the deflecting rod (43). A rotating shaft adapted to the deflecting rod (43) is provided inside the first drainage and cold protection seat (23). A contact rod (44) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the deflecting rod (43). A diverting rod (45) is fixedly connected to the side of the contact rod (44) away from the deflecting rod (43). The diverting rod (45) is rotatably connected to both the upper and lower sides with fan-shaped plates (451); a groove is provided in the middle of the fan-shaped plate (451); and a rotating shaft adapted to the fan-shaped plate (451) is provided on the surface of the diverting rod (45).

2. The anti-freezing and heat-insulating structure for a deep-buried central water ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first drainage and cold protection seat (23) is fixedly connected to a water storage seat (5); one end of the diverting rod (45) passes through the inside of the water storage seat (5), and water holding pipes (51) are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower sides of the water storage seat (5); the surface of the water storage seat (5) is provided with slots that are compatible with the water holding pipes (51).

3. The anti-freezing and heat-insulating structure for a deep-buried central water ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region according to claim 2, characterized in that: A piston plate (452) is fixedly connected to one end of the diverting rod (45) and the inner wall of the water storage seat (5); a rubber plate is installed on the inner wall of the water storage seat (5); and the piston plate (452) is made of rubber; the width of the piston plate (452) is adapted to the width of the water storage seat (5).

4. The anti-freezing and heat-insulating structure for a deep-buried central water ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water storage base (5) is fixedly connected to the upper and lower sides with insulation boards (52); the insulation boards (52) are made of polyurethane; the upper and lower sides of the insulation boards (52) are filled with fine sand.

5. The anti-freezing and heat-insulating structure for a deep-buried central water ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second drainage and cold protection seat (6) is provided on the lower side of the first drainage and cold protection seat (23); multiple overflow pipes (61) are fixedly connected inside the second drainage and cold protection seat (6); the multiple overflow pipes (61) are connected to the annular pipe (21).

6. The anti-freezing and heat-insulating structure for a deep-buried central water ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation layer (3) is filled with polyurethane board; the insulation layer (3) is provided with foam concrete layer (31); both the foam concrete layer (31) and the polyurethane board layer are annular, and the diameter of the foam concrete layer (31) is larger than the diameter of the polyurethane board layer.

7. The anti-freezing and heat-insulating structure for a deep-buried central water ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the annular pipe (21) is provided with a gravel layer (211), the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the annular pipe (21).

8. The anti-freezing and heat-insulating structure for a deep-buried central water ditch in a large-section tunnel in a cold region according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer surface of the crushed stone layer (211) is provided with a thermal insulation concrete board (212); the number of thermal insulation concrete boards (212) is multiple, and they are arranged in a circular array on the outer surface of the crushed stone layer (211).

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