Method for preventing icing of wind turbine blades based on meteorological warning information and active control

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for preventing icing on wind turbine blades based on meteorological warning information and active control. The method includes: obtaining an initial data set through CFD simulation; comparing the initial data set with the data set obtained from actual environmental simulation experiments to correct the process of CFD simulation; analyzing and determining the functional relationship between different parameters and the icing mass; obtaining the current real-time state data of environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, and air moisture content through meteorological warning information, substituting the current real-time state data into the functional relationship, and calculating the fan speed value and pitch angle when the icing mass is minimized; according to the obtained fan speed value and pitch angle, starting the active control system of the wind turbine blades to control the wind turbine blades and realizing anti-icing control. The present invention has simple transformation and low transformation cost, helps to enhance the anti-icing effect, and can be widely applied to the technical field of anti-icing treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of anti-icing treatment, in particular to a method for preventing ice formation on wind turbine blades based on meteorological warning information and active control. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, wind power generation has developed rapidly and has also become a research hotspot in the new energy field. Ice formation on wind turbine blades will have a great impact on the operation of wind turbines. If large-scale continuous tripping of wind turbines occurs in extreme weather, it will lead to a large power deficit in the system, and even large-scale power outages may occur in some local areas.

[0003] In current domestic and foreign research, the directions are mainly divided into two types. One is to passively relieve the impact of icing by means of the blade itself, and the other is to remove the ice by means of external actions. There are mainly two studies on passively relieving the impact of icing by means of the blade itself: (1) How to design the coating of wind turbine blades. In this method, the overall anti-freezing effect of the coating is not obvious, it corrodes the blade, and it needs to be re-sprayed after a period of time. (2) Improve the structure of the blade. There are mainly three studies on removing ice by means of external actions: (1) Remove ice by ultrasonic vibration. This method has poor ice removal effect, high cost, and is prone to lightning on the blade, threatening the safe operation of the unit; (2) Heat and remove ice by arranging conductive materials such as resistance wires on the blade; (3) Remove ice by blowing hot air inside the blade. This method has a high cost and the ice removal effect is also not ideal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preventing ice formation on wind turbine blades based on meteorological warning information and active control, which has low cost and high safety, so as to improve the ice removal effect.

[0005] An aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preventing ice formation on wind turbine blades based on meteorological warning information and active control, including:

[0006] Obtain an initial data set determined by accuracy requirements through CFD simulation; wherein, the initial data set includes data of environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air moisture content, rotational speed of wind turbine blades, and pitch angle;

[0007] Compare the initial data set with the data set obtained from the actual environment simulation experiment, and correct the process of the CFD simulation according to the comparison result to obtain a target data set;

[0008] Perform system identification on the target data set, and analyze and determine the functional relationship between different parameters and ice accretion mass; wherein, the different parameters include environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air moisture content, rotational speed of wind turbine blades, and pitch angle;

[0009] According to the function relationship, obtain the current real-time state data of environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, and air water content through meteorological warning information, substitute the current real-time state data into the function relationship, and calculate the fan speed value and pitch angle when the icing mass is minimized;

[0010] According to the obtained fan speed value and pitch angle, start the active control system of the wind turbine blades to control the wind turbine blades and achieve anti-icing control.

[0011] Optionally, the initial data set determined by the accuracy requirement is obtained through CFD simulation, including:

[0012] After discretely sampling the preset parameter range and importing it into the CFD software for a large number of simulation simulations, record the corresponding icing mass under different wind speeds, temperatures, average effective diameters of supercooled water droplets, air water content, wind turbine blade speeds, and pitch angles to form the initial data set.

[0013] Optionally, comparing the initial data set with the data set obtained from the actual environmental simulation experiment, and correcting the CFD simulation process according to the comparison result to obtain the target data set, including:

[0014] Import the wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air water content, wind turbine blade speed, and pitch angle in the data set obtained from the environmental simulation experiment into the function relationship to obtain the experimental icing mass;

[0015] Compare the experimental icing mass with the simulation result obtained by the CFD simulation software to confirm whether it is within the error limit; if so, it is determined that the fitting degree of the simulation result is high, and the simulation result is used as the target data set; if not, generate the reason for the error analysis, correct the simulation process, and obtain the target data set according to the corrected simulation process.

[0016] Optionally, perform system identification on the target data set to analyze and determine the function relationship between different parameters and icing mass, including:

[0017] Import the target data set into the data analysis software, and under the premise of fixing the remaining variables, apply polynomial fitting to each variable respectively to obtain the degree relationship between the variable and the icing mass;

[0018] Import all the data in the target data set into the degree relationship, and use the least squares method for the coefficients obtained from each group of data to obtain the function relationship between environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air water content, wind turbine blade speed, and pitch angle and icing mass.

[0019] Optionally, start the active control system of the wind turbine blades to control the wind turbine blades according to the obtained wind turbine speed value and pitch angle, including:

[0020] Actively supply power to the generator of the wind turbine to the corresponding control power according to the function relationship between the rotation speed of the wind turbine blades and the power of the wind turbine generator obtained in advance;

[0021] Based on the control power, control the rotation speed of the wind turbine blades to reach the target speed and control the pitch angle to reach the target angle.

[0022] Another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention also provides an anti-icing device for wind turbine blades based on meteorological early warning information and active control, including:

[0023] The first module is used to obtain the initial data set determined by the accuracy requirement through CFD simulation; wherein, the initial data set includes data of environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air moisture content, rotation speed of wind turbine blades, and pitch angle;

[0024] The second module is used to compare the initial data set with the data set obtained from the actual environmental simulation experiment, and correct the process of the CFD simulation according to the comparison result to obtain the target data set;

[0025] The third module is used to perform system identification on the target data set, and analyze and determine the function relationship between different parameters and the icing mass; wherein, the different parameters include environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air moisture content, rotation speed of wind turbine blades, and pitch angle;

[0026] The fourth module is used to obtain the current real-time state data of environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, and air moisture content through meteorological early warning information according to the function relationship, substitute the current real-time state data into the function relationship, and calculate the wind turbine speed value and pitch angle when the icing mass is the smallest;

[0027] The fifth module is used to start the active control system of the wind turbine blades to control the wind turbine blades according to the obtained wind turbine speed value and pitch angle, so as to realize anti-icing control.

[0028] Another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory;

[0029] The memory is used to store programs;

[0030] The processor executes the program to implement the method described above.

[0031] Another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a program, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the method described above.

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention also disclose a computer program product or a computer program. The computer program product or the computer program includes computer instructions, and the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The processor of the computer device can read the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions to enable the computer device to execute the method described above.

[0033] In the embodiments of the present invention, an initial data set determined by accuracy requirements is obtained through CFD simulation; wherein, the initial data set includes data of environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air moisture content, rotational speed of the wind turbine blade, and pitch angle; the initial data set is compared with the data set obtained from the actual environmental simulation experiment, and the process of the CFD simulation is corrected according to the comparison result to obtain a target data set; system identification is performed on the target data set to analyze and determine the functional relationship between different parameters and the icing mass; wherein, the different parameters include environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air moisture content, rotational speed of the wind turbine blade, and pitch angle; according to the functional relationship, the current real-time state data of environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, and air moisture content are obtained through meteorological warning information, and the current real-time state data are substituted into the functional relationship to calculate the fan rotational speed value and pitch angle when the icing mass is the smallest; according to the obtained fan rotational speed value and pitch angle, the active control system of the wind turbine blade is started to control the wind turbine blade to achieve anti-icing control. The present invention obtains the operating state required for anti-icing of the wind turbine blade based on the relationship between environmental variables and the icing mass, combines meteorological warning information with the operating state of the wind turbine to actively control the operating mode of the wind turbine, so that the wind turbine always operates in a preset working state with the least amount of blade icing, thereby ensuring the availability of the wind turbine in extreme weather. The present invention has simple transformation and low transformation cost, and is helpful to enhance the anti-icing effect. Description of the Drawings

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0035] Figure 1 It is the overall step flow chart provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear and understandable, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0037] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention analyzes the influence of environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air moisture content, and rotational speed of wind turbine blades on icing quality based on meteorological early warning information, and simulates the functional relationship between environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air moisture content, and rotational speed of wind turbine blades and icing quality. Taking the minimum icing quality as the target, the feedback control system adjusts the rotational speed and pitch angle of the wind turbine blades, effectively solving the problem of ice condensation limitation of wind turbine blades under extreme meteorological conditions today.

[0038] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the method for preventing icing of wind turbine blades based on meteorological early warning information and active control of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0039] (1) Obtain a data set of icing quality corresponding to n groups of parameters such as environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air moisture content, rotational speed of wind turbine blades, and pitch angle determined by accuracy requirements through CFD simulation.

[0040] (2) According to the obtained data set, compare it with the data set obtained from the actual environmental simulation experiment, correct the corresponding parameters in the simulation process, and repeat the simulation described in (1) until the error between the data set obtained from the actual environmental simulation experiment meets the required accuracy requirements.

[0041] (3) According to the obtained data set that meets the requirements, perform system identification and analyze the functional relationship between environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air moisture content, rotational speed of wind turbine blades, pitch angle and icing quality.

[0042] (4) According to the obtained functional relationship, obtain the current state data of environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, and air moisture content from the meteorological early warning information, and substitute them into the obtained functional relationship to obtain the fan speed value v e and pitch angle k e .

[0043] (5) According to the obtained fan speed value v e and pitch angle k e , start the active control system of the wind turbine blades, run the rotational speed of the wind turbine blades to reach v e , and control the pitch angle to reach k eMinimize the icing mass and implement the anti-icing technology for wind turbine blades based on meteorological warning information and active control.

[0044] In the step (1), a data set of icing mass corresponding to n groups of parameters such as environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air moisture content, rotational speed of wind turbine blades, and pitch angle determined by accuracy requirements is obtained through CFD simulation, including:

[0045] After discrete sampling of the preset parameter range, it is imported into the Fluent software for a large number of simulation simulations, and the icing mass corresponding to different wind speeds, temperatures, average effective diameters of supercooled water droplets, air moisture contents, rotational speeds of wind turbine blades, and pitch angles is recorded to form a data set.

[0046] In the step (2), by comparing with the data set obtained from the actual environmental simulation experiment, the corresponding parameters in the simulation process are corrected, including:

[0047] The wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air moisture content, rotational speed of wind turbine blades, and pitch angle in the data set obtained from the environmental simulation experiment are imported into the functional relationship to obtain the icing mass, and compared with the simulation results obtained by the Fluent simulation software to confirm whether it is within the error limit. If so, it proves that the fitting degree of the simulation results is very high and has practicality. If not, analyze the reasons and correct the simulation link.

[0048] In the step (3), system identification is carried out, including:

[0049] The data set is imported into the data analysis software. On the premise of fixing the other variables, the relationship between each variable and the icing mass is obtained by polynomial fitting for each variable respectively. Then, all the data is imported, and the least squares method is used for the coefficients obtained from each group of data to obtain the functional relationship between the environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, air moisture content, rotational speed of wind turbine blades, pitch angle and the icing mass.

[0050] In the step (4), substitute the corrected functional relationship to obtain the fan speed value v when the icing mass is the smallest e and the pitch angle k e , including:

[0051] The environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, and air moisture content measured by the meteorological warning information are imported into the data processing software, and the functional relationship between the fan blade speed, pitch angle and the icing amount is obtained by substituting into the function. According to the functional relationship, the fan speed value v when the icing mass is the smallest is obtained e and the pitch angle k e .

[0052] In step (5), start the active control system for the blades of the wind turbine, including:

[0053] According to the function relationship between the rotational speed of the wind turbine blades and the power of the wind turbine generator obtained in advance, actively supply power to the generator of the wind turbine to the corresponding power, so that the rotational speed of the wind turbine blades reaches v e , and control the pitch angle to reach k e .

[0054] In summary, based on the relationship between environmental variables and icing mass, the present invention obtains the operating state required for anti-icing of the wind turbine blades, and actively controls the operating mode of the wind turbine in combination with meteorological warning information and the operating state of the wind turbine, so that the wind turbine always operates in a preset working state with the least amount of icing on the blades, thereby ensuring the availability of the wind turbine in extreme weather. The present invention has simple transformation and low transformation cost, can be widely promoted, and can further reduce icing based on the above method on the basis of the present invention.

[0055] In some alternative embodiments, the functions / operations mentioned in the block diagram may not occur in the order mentioned in the operation diagram. For example, depending on the functions / operations involved, two consecutive blocks shown may actually be executed substantially simultaneously or the blocks can sometimes be executed in the reverse order. In addition, the embodiments presented and described in the flowcharts of the present invention are provided by way of example for the purpose of providing a more comprehensive understanding of the technology. The disclosed method is not limited to the operations and logical flows presented herein. Alternative embodiments are contemplated, in which the order of various operations is changed and the sub-operations described as part of a larger operation are executed independently.

[0056] In addition, although the present invention is described in the context of functional modules, it should be understood that unless otherwise stated to the contrary, one or more of the functions and / or features described may be integrated in a single physical device and / or software module, or one or more functions and / or features may be implemented in separate physical devices or software modules. It can also be understood that a detailed discussion of the actual implementation of each module is not necessary for understanding the present invention. More precisely, considering the attributes, functions, and internal relationships of the various functional modules in the devices disclosed herein, the actual implementation of the modules will be understood within the ordinary skills of an engineer. Therefore, those skilled in the art can implement the present invention as set forth in the claims without undue experimentation. It can also be understood that the specific concepts disclosed are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is determined by the full scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0057] If the above-mentioned functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0058] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or described in other ways herein, for example, can be considered as a predefined list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other systems that can fetch and execute instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device), or in conjunction with these instruction execution systems, apparatuses, or devices. For the purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0059] More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: electrical connection parts with one or more wirings (electronic devices), portable computer disk cartridges (magnetic devices), random access memories (RAMs), read-only memories (ROMs), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROMs or flash memories), optical fiber devices, and portable compact disc read-only memories (CDROMs). Additionally, the computer-readable medium can even be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, because the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other media, then editing, interpreting, or processing it in other suitable ways as necessary, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0060] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or a combination of the following techniques well known in the art can be used: discrete logic circuits with logic gate circuits for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits with appropriate combinational logic gate circuits, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and the like.

[0061] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0062] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0063] The above has specifically described the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent deformations or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent deformations or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preventing icing on wind turbine blades based on meteorological warning information and active control, characterized in that, Including: Discretely sample a preset parameter range and import it into CFD software for a large number of simulation runs, recording the corresponding ice accretion mass under different wind speeds, temperatures, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, water content in the air, rotational speed of the wind turbine blades, and pitch angles to form an initial data set; Compare the initial data set with the data set obtained from the actual environmental simulation experiment, and correct the CFD simulation process according to the comparison result to obtain a target data set; Perform system identification on the target data set to analyze and determine the functional relationship between different parameters and the ice accretion mass; where the different parameters include environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, water content in the air, rotational speed of the wind turbine blades, and pitch angles; According to the functional relationship, obtain the current real-time state data of environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, and water content in the air through meteorological warning information, substitute the current real-time state data into the functional relationship, and calculate the fan rotational speed value and pitch angle when the ice accretion mass is minimized; According to the obtained fan rotational speed value and pitch angle, start the active control system of the wind turbine blades to control the wind turbine blades and achieve anti-icing control.

2. The method for preventing icing on wind turbine blades based on meteorological warning information and active control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The performing system identification on the target data set to analyze and determine the functional relationship between different parameters and the ice accretion mass includes: Import the target data set into data analysis software, and under the premise of fixing the other variables, apply polynomial fitting to each variable separately to obtain the degree relationship between the variable and the ice accretion mass; Import all the data in the target data set into the degree relationship, and use the least squares method for the coefficients obtained from each group of data to obtain the functional relationship between environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, water content in the air, rotational speed of the wind turbine blades, pitch angles and the ice accretion mass.

3. The method for preventing icing on wind turbine blades based on meteorological warning information and active control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The starting the active control system of the wind turbine blades to control the wind turbine blades according to the obtained fan rotational speed value and pitch angle includes: According to the pre-obtained functional relationship between the rotational speed of the wind turbine blades and the power of the wind turbine generator, actively supply power to the generator of the wind turbine to the corresponding control power; Based on the control power, control the rotational speed of the wind turbine blades to reach the target rotational speed and control the pitch angle to reach the target angle.

4. An apparatus for implementing the method for preventing icing on wind turbine blades based on meteorological warning information and active control according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Including: The first module is used to obtain an initial data set determined by the accuracy requirements through CFD simulation; where the initial data set includes data of environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, water content in the air, rotational speed of the wind turbine blades, and pitch angles; The second module is used to compare the initial data set with the data set obtained from the actual environmental simulation experiment, and correct the CFD simulation process according to the comparison result to obtain a target data set; The third module is used to perform system identification on the target data set to analyze and determine the functional relationship between different parameters and the ice accretion mass; where the different parameters include environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, water content in the air, rotational speed of the wind turbine blades, and pitch angles; The fourth module is used to obtain the current real-time state data of environmental wind speed, temperature, average effective diameter of supercooled water droplets, and water content in the air according to the function relationship, substitute the current real-time state data into the function relationship, and calculate the fan speed value and pitch angle when the icing mass is minimized; The fifth module is used to control the wind turbine blades by starting the active control system of the wind turbine blades according to the obtained fan speed value and pitch angle, so as to realize anti-icing control.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory; The memory is used to store programs; The processor executes the program to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a program, and the program is executed by the processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. A computer program product, including a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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