A broadband photovoltaic antenna for wireless communication in the 2G to 4G frequency band

Abstract

This invention discloses a broadband photovoltaic antenna for wireless communication in the 2G to 4G frequency bands, belonging to the field of solar cell antenna technology. It includes a dielectric substrate, a radiating body, a feeding structure, a ground plane, short-circuit walls, a DC output, and an SMA connector. The dielectric substrate includes a lower horizontal dielectric substrate, an uppermost horizontal dielectric substrate, a feeding vertical dielectric substrate, a folded vertical dielectric substrate, and a folded horizontal dielectric substrate. The radiating body includes two solar cells. The feeding structure includes two V-shaped probes, a short-circuit patch, a Γ-shaped feed line, and a metal transmission line. The ground plane is a metal patch located on the upper surface of the lower horizontal dielectric substrate. Short-circuit wall vertical dielectric substrates are disposed on the outer walls of the two short-circuit walls. The DC output is a metal microstrip line located on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric substrate. The inner core of the SMA connector is connected to the microstrip transmission line, and the outer core of the SMA connector is connected to the ground plane. The short-circuit walls are electrically connected to the ground plane and the metal patch on the upper surface of the uppermost horizontal dielectric substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solar cell antenna technology, specifically relating to a broadband photovoltaic antenna for use in wireless communication frequency bands from 2G to 4G. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of communication technology, wireless communication systems have placed higher demands on antenna systems, requiring them not only to cover a wider bandwidth but also to better align with the concept of green development.

[0003] In the field of antennas, through the interdisciplinary collaboration between new energy and wireless communication, solar cell antennas have been proposed by combining solar cells with wireless communication systems. However, existing solar cell antennas suffer from narrow frequency coverage due to various limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this invention proposes a broadband photovoltaic antenna applicable to the 2G to 4G frequency bands of wireless communication. The antenna's radiating body consists of two series-connected solar cells, achieving an integrated design of solar cells and antenna, enabling it to operate in the 1.61GHz-3.91GHz frequency band. Furthermore, it features a simple structure, low system complexity, and a compact size, making it valuable for practical application and widespread adoption.

[0005] The technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0006] A broadband photovoltaic antenna for use in wireless communication bands from 2G to 4G includes a dielectric substrate, a radiating body, a feeding structure, a ground plane, a short-circuit wall, a DC output, and an SMA connector.

[0007] The dielectric substrate includes a lower horizontal dielectric substrate and an uppermost horizontal dielectric substrate arranged horizontally; a power supply vertical dielectric substrate and a folded vertical dielectric substrate are vertically arranged between the lower horizontal dielectric substrate and the uppermost horizontal dielectric substrate; a folded horizontal dielectric substrate is arranged between the two folded vertical dielectric substrates.

[0008] The radiating body includes two solar cells connected in series on the upper surface of the top horizontal dielectric plate;

[0009] The power supply structure includes two V-shaped probes disposed on the upper surface of the vertical power supply dielectric substrate, a short-circuit patch and a Γ-shaped feed line located on the surface of the vertical power supply dielectric substrate, and a metal transmission line on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric substrate.

[0010] The floor is a metal patch located on the upper surface of the lower horizontal medium board;

[0011] The outer walls of the two short-circuit walls are equipped with vertical short-circuit wall dielectric plates; wherein:

[0012] The DC output is a metal microstrip line located on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric substrate;

[0013] The inner core of the SMA connector is connected to the microstrip transmission line, and the outer core of the SMA connector is connected to the ground plane.

[0014] The short-circuit wall is electrically connected to the metal patch on the upper surface of the floor and the top horizontal dielectric plate.

[0015] Preferably, the dielectric substrate is an FR4 substrate.

[0016] Preferably, the spacing between the two solar cells is 6 mm, and the two cells are connected in series by a metal short-circuit structure formed by the electrical connection of the folded metal patches on the surface of the two folded vertical dielectric plates and the folded short-circuit metal patches on the surface of the folded horizontal dielectric plate.

[0017] Preferably, the short-circuit wall is a thin metal sheet on the surface of the short-circuit wall vertically to the dielectric plate, and the short-circuit wall includes a metal patch on the uppermost horizontal dielectric plate that is electrically connected to the short-circuit wall.

[0018] Preferably, the DC output is a microstrip line on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric substrate, including a metal transmission line and a fixed inductor on the DC output vertical dielectric substrate. The DC output is used to filter out radio frequency current and output DC power generated by the battery cell.

[0019] Preferably, each solar cell measures 20.8 mm x 40.8 mm.

[0020] Preferably, the fixed inductor is a 33nH surface mount inductor.

[0021] The advantages and technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] This invention employs a V-shaped probe structure to excite the solar cell and incorporates a short-circuit wall and a metal patch electrically connected to the short-circuit wall to optimize impedance matching. This design realizes a solar antenna with characteristics such as broadband, directional radiation, stable gain, small size, and compact dimensions.

[0023] To achieve a wider bandwidth, this invention creatively combines the operating modes of electromagnetic dipole antenna and slot antenna by drawing on the structure of traditional electromagnetic dipole antenna. It also adopts a dual V-shaped probe feeding structure and a strategy for exciting the battery cells, achieving a relative bandwidth of 83%.

[0024] In addition, for better impedance matching, the present invention installs a metal patch that is electrically connected to the short-circuit wall on the upper surface of the dielectric plate where the battery cells are located. By designing the shape and size of the vertical folded connection structure that connects the battery cells in series, and loading the short-circuit wall, the matching reaches below -12dB.

[0025] While both are solar cell antennas, the antenna structure of this invention is compact and small in size. It achieves 83% bandwidth and an average gain of 5.0 dBi using only two solar cells. This antenna uses DC power generated by the photoelectric effect of solar cells to power the system, improving the utilization rate of solar energy. It enables the antenna to provide power for the normal operation of the system even without external power supply, which helps to achieve a low-carbon economy and build an energy-saving and environmentally friendly society. It realizes an integrated design of solar cell antenna, covers the frequency band of 1.61 GHz-3.91 GHz, has a simple structure and low system complexity, and has practical application and promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure after removing the solar cell and the top horizontal dielectric plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure after removing the solar cell and the top horizontal dielectric plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the uppermost horizontal dielectric plate and the upper and lower surfaces of the uppermost horizontal dielectric plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding structure on the surface of the feeding vertical dielectric plate and the feeding vertical dielectric plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical dielectric plate and the short-circuit wall in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the DC output vertical dielectric substrate and the fixed inductor filter in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower horizontal dielectric plate and the upper and lower surfaces of the lower horizontal dielectric plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the folded vertical dielectric plate and the folded metal patch on the surface of the folded vertical dielectric plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the folded horizontal dielectric plate and the folded short-circuit metal patch on the surface of the folded horizontal dielectric plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 The relative bandwidth matching and gain diagram obtained by simulation in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 13 The radiation pattern of the 1.7 GHz radiation pattern obtained by simulation after adopting the technical solution of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 14 The radiation pattern of the 2GHz radiation pattern obtained by simulation after adopting the technical solution of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 15 The radiation pattern of the 3GHz radiation pattern obtained by simulation after adopting the technical solution of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 16 The radiation pattern of the 3.8 GHz radiation pattern obtained by simulation after adopting the technical solution of the present invention;

[0042] The components are: 1. Solar cell; 2. Metal patch; 3. DC output; 4. V-shaped probe; 5. Microstrip transmission line; 6. SMA connector; 7. Ground plane; 8. Lower horizontal dielectric substrate; 9. Short-circuit patch; 10. U-shaped feeder; 11. DC output vertical dielectric substrate; 12. Folded horizontal dielectric substrate; 13. Feeding vertical dielectric substrate; 14. Folded vertical dielectric substrate; 15. Top horizontal dielectric substrate; 16. Short-circuit wall vertical dielectric substrate; 17. Short-circuit wall; 18. Fixed inductor; 19. Metal transmission line; 20. Folded metal patch; 21. Folded short-circuit metal patch. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0044] Please see Figures 1 to 16A broadband photovoltaic antenna for use in wireless communication bands from 2G to 4G includes a dielectric substrate, a radiating body, a feeding structure, a ground plane 7, a short-circuit wall 17, a DC output 3, and an SMA connector 6.

[0045] The dielectric plate includes a lower horizontal dielectric plate 8 and an uppermost horizontal dielectric plate 15 arranged horizontally; a power supply vertical dielectric plate 13 and a folded vertical dielectric plate 14 are vertically arranged between the lower horizontal dielectric plate 8 and the uppermost horizontal dielectric plate 15; a folded horizontal dielectric plate 12 is arranged between the two folded vertical dielectric plates 14.

[0046] The radiating body includes two solar cells 1 connected in series on the upper surface of the uppermost horizontal dielectric plate 15;

[0047] The power supply structure includes two V-shaped probes 4 disposed on the upper end face of the power supply vertical dielectric plate 13, a short-circuit patch 9 and a Γ-shaped feed line 10 located on the surface of the power supply vertical dielectric plate 13, and a metal transmission line 19 on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric plate 8.

[0048] The floor 7 is a metal located on the upper surface of the lower horizontal medium plate 8;

[0049] The outer walls of the two short-circuit walls 17 are provided with vertical short-circuit wall media plates 16; wherein:

[0050] The DC output 3 is a metal microstrip line located on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric plate 8;

[0051] The inner core of the SMA connector 6 is connected to the microstrip transmission line 5, and the outer core of the SMA connector 6 is connected to the ground plane 7.

[0052] The short-circuit wall 17 is electrically connected to the floor 7 and the metal patch 2 on the upper surface of the top horizontal medium plate 15.

[0053] The dielectric substrate is an FR4 substrate.

[0054] The folded metal patch 20 is a thin metal sheet on the upper surface of the folded horizontal dielectric plate 12;

[0055] The spacing between the two solar cells 1 is 6 mm, and the metal short-circuit structure formed by the electrical connection of the folded metal patch 20 on the surface of the two folded vertical dielectric plates 14 and the folded short-circuit metal patch 21 on the upper surface of the folded horizontal dielectric plate 12 connects the two solar cells 1 in series.

[0056] The short-circuit wall 17 is a thin metal sheet on the surface of the vertical dielectric plate 16 of the short-circuit wall, and the short-circuit wall 17 includes a metal patch 2 that is electrically connected to the upper surface of the uppermost horizontal dielectric plate 15.

[0057] The DC output 3 is a microstrip line on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric substrate 8, including a metal transmission line 19 and a fixed inductor 18 on the DC output vertical dielectric substrate 11. The DC output 3 is used to filter out radio frequency current and output DC power generated by the battery cell.

[0058] Each solar cell 1 measures 20.8 mm x 40.8 mm.

[0059] The fixed inductor 18 is a 33nH surface mount inductor.

[0060] This invention is applied to the 2G-4G frequency band of wireless communication, achieving an average gain of 5.0 dBi and stable directional radiation. Structurally, it is a dipole antenna. The broadband antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a radiating body, a feeding structure, a ground plane, a short-circuit wall, a DC output, and an SMA connector. The dielectric substrate is an FR4 substrate with thicknesses of 0.8 mm and 0.6 mm. Except for the folded vertical and folded horizontal dielectric substrates, which are 0.6 mm thick, the other dielectric substrates are all 0.8 mm thick. The radiating body consists of two solar cells connected in series using a vertical folding structure. The vertical folding connection structure is a metal short-circuit structure formed by electrically connecting a folded metal patch on the surface of the folded vertical dielectric substrate and a folded short-circuit metal patch 21 on the surface of the folded horizontal dielectric substrate.

[0061] The feeding structure is located on both sides of the vertical dielectric substrate, including a Γ-shaped feed line, a metal microstrip transmission line and a V-shaped probe on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric substrate, which excites the radiating body gap; the ground plane is a metal patch on the upper surface of the lower horizontal dielectric substrate; the short-circuit wall is located on the surface of the vertical dielectric substrate of the two short-circuit walls, and is connected to the ground plane and the metal patch on the upper surface of the uppermost horizontal dielectric substrate; the DC output is a metal microstrip line on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric substrate, including a microstrip filter on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric substrate and a metal transmission line and a fixed inductor on the DC output vertical dielectric substrate, used to filter out RF current and output DC power generated by the battery cells; the SMA connector is the input port of the RF signal, with the inner core connected to the microstrip transmission line on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric substrate and the outer core connected to the ground plane.

[0062] Wherein: the dielectric substrate is an FR4 dielectric substrate of varying area and shape, with a relative permittivity of 4.4 and a tangent loss of 0.02.

[0063] Two solar cells are connected in series through a vertical folding structure. The vertical folding connection structure is a metal short-circuit structure formed by electrically connecting a folded metal patch on the surface of a folded vertical dielectric plate and a folded short-circuit metal patch on the surface of a folded horizontal dielectric plate.

[0064] The feeding structure uses a dual V-shaped probe for feeding, which excites the gaps in the battery cells.

[0065] The DC output is loaded with a fixed-value surface-mount inductor, whose main function is to filter out the higher-frequency part of the radio frequency current doped into the DC output current.

[0066] A microstrip filter is loaded on the DC output, which is mainly responsible for filtering out the lower frequency part of the radio frequency current doped in the DC output current.

[0067] The surface mount inductor has an inductance of 33nH and a package size of 1.11 mm x 0.66 mm x 0.65 mm.

[0068] Traditional solar cell antennas mostly use metal patch connecting strips that are coplanar with the solar cells to connect the cells in series. This invention uses a vertical folding connection structure to connect the solar cells in series.

[0069] Compared to traditional solar cell antennas, the antenna of this invention covers the frequency band of 1.61GHz-3.91GHz, and the physical dimensions of the antenna are 78 mm x 50 mm x 20 mm, which is compact and small in size.

[0070] Meanwhile, in order to achieve a wider bandwidth, this invention creatively combines the two antenna operating modes of electromagnetic dipole antenna and slot antenna by drawing on the structure of traditional electromagnetic dipole antenna, and adopts a dual V-shaped probe feeding structure and a strategy for exciting the battery cells, achieving a relative bandwidth of 83%.

[0071] Furthermore, to achieve better impedance matching, the present invention installs a metal patch electrically connected to a short-circuit wall on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate where the solar cells are located. By designing the shape and size of the vertically folded connection structure that connects the solar cells in series, and loading a short-circuit wall, the matching reaches below -12dB.

[0072] The antenna of this invention features a compact structure and small size. Using only two solar cells, it achieves 83% bandwidth and an average gain of 5.0 dBi, meeting the needs of special applications requiring small antenna size. This antenna utilizes DC power generated by the photoelectric effect of solar cells to power the system, enabling it to operate normally even without external power, thus contributing to a low-carbon economy and the construction of an energy-saving and environmentally friendly society. It achieves an integrated solar cell antenna design, covering the 1.61 GHz-3.91 GHz frequency band, with a simple structure and low system complexity, making it valuable for practical application and promotion.

[0073] See Figure 1As shown, the broadband photovoltaic antenna of the present invention, applied to the 2G to 4G frequency band of wireless communication, includes a dielectric substrate, a radiating body, a feeding structure, a DC output 3, and an SMA connector 6; the radiating body is a battery cell 1 located on the upper surface of the uppermost horizontal dielectric substrate 15, including a vertically folded connection structure connecting two battery cells 1 in series; the feeding structure includes short-circuit patches 9 and U-shaped feed lines 10 located on the two surfaces of the vertical feeding dielectric substrate 13, and includes a V-shaped probe 4 located on the lower surface of the uppermost horizontal dielectric substrate 15, such as... Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown.

[0074] The dielectric substrate includes an uppermost horizontal dielectric substrate 15, a feed vertical dielectric substrate 13, a DC output vertical dielectric substrate 11, a short-circuit wall vertical dielectric substrate 16, and a lower horizontal dielectric substrate 8. The dielectric substrates are FR4 dielectric substrates of varying areas and shapes, with a relative permittivity of 4.4 and a tangent loss of 0.02. The FR4 substrates have thicknesses of 0.8 mm and 0.6 mm. Except for the folded vertical and folded horizontal dielectric substrates, which are 0.6 mm thick, the other FR4 substrates are all 0.8 mm thick. Figure 3 As shown.

[0075] Furthermore, the DC output 3 is a microstrip line located on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric substrate 8, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the fixed inductor 18 and metal transmission line 19 on the DC output vertical dielectric substrate 11 provide filtering and DC output functions for DC power output, such as... Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown.

[0076] The broadband photovoltaic antenna proposed in this invention for use in the 2G to 4G frequency bands of wireless communication adopts a V-shaped probe excitation feeding method to achieve impedance matching design. The spacing between the two solar cells is 6 mm, and they are connected in series through a vertical folding connection structure. The series connection of the solar cells can improve the output voltage. The series connection of the solar cells is equivalent to a DC source, with both ends connected to the DC output. The fixed inductor 18 located on the vertical dielectric plate 11 of the DC output and the microstrip filter located on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric plate 8 filter out the radio frequency signal output by the solar cell string, and finally output DC voltage and current.

[0077] In one embodiment of this application, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is either 0.8 mm or 0.6 mm. Except for the folded vertical dielectric substrate and the folded horizontal dielectric substrate, which have a thickness of 0.6 mm, the thickness of the other dielectric substrates is 0.8 mm.

[0078] In one embodiment of this application, the solar cell size is 20.8 mm × 40.8 mm.

[0079] In one embodiment of this application, the total dimensions of the antenna are 78 mm x 50 mm x 20 mm.

[0080] In one embodiment of this application, the distance between the solar cells is 6 millimeters.

[0081] In one embodiment of this application, the dimensions of the uppermost horizontal dielectric plate are 50 mm x 76 mm x 0.8 mm.

[0082] In one embodiment of this application, the dimensions of the lower horizontal dielectric plate are 50 mm x 76 mm x 0.8 mm.

[0083] In one embodiment of this application, the dimensions of the feed vertical dielectric plate are 40 mm x 18.4 mm x 0.8 mm.

[0084] In one embodiment of this application, the dimensions of the DC output vertical dielectric substrate are 4 mm x 18.4 mm x 0.8 mm.

[0085] In one embodiment of this application, the dimensions of the vertical dielectric plate of the short-circuit wall are 50 mm x 18.4 mm x 0.8 mm.

[0086] In one embodiment of this application, the dimensions of the folded vertical medium plate are 50 mm x 18.4 mm x 0.6 mm.

[0087] In one embodiment of this application, the dimensions of the folded horizontal medium plate are 50 mm x 20.8 mm x 0.6 mm.

[0088] In one embodiment of this application, the value of the fixed inductor used is 33nH.

[0089] In one embodiment of this application, the metal patch on the upper surface of the upper horizontal dielectric substrate has a size of 50 mm x 2 mm.

[0090] In one embodiment of this application, the distance between the two V-shaped probes is 0.8 mm.

[0091] Figure 9 and Figure 10 The radiation performance of a solar cell antenna using the design method and dimensions described in this invention is demonstrated. The solar cell antenna using the design method of this invention has an impedance matching bandwidth of an ultra-wideband 1.61 GHz to 3.91 GHz, a relative bandwidth of 83%, and maintains a relatively stable gain within this frequency band, with an average gain of 5.0 dBi. Its radiation pattern conforms to the characteristics of a directional antenna, achieving good directional radiation. The radiated energy in the E-plane and H-plane of the antenna is mainly concentrated in the normal direction, maintaining good directivity in the radiation pattern and achieving good radiation performance.

[0092] This invention provides a broadband photovoltaic antenna for wireless communication in the 2G to 4G frequency bands. It is the first to use a folded vertical connection structure to connect the battery, employs a dual V-shaped probe feeding structure, and utilizes a feeding strategy through the gaps between the battery cells. Furthermore, for better impedance matching, a patch electrically connected to a short-circuit wall is mounted on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate containing the battery cells, achieving a relative bandwidth of 83%. Covering the 1.61GHz-3.91GHz band, and with physical dimensions of only 78mm x 50mm x 20mm, this is a compact and small broadband antenna suitable for applications where space is limited. Furthermore, with a ground plane, the antenna can provide directional radiation.

[0093] Compared with the prior art, the broadband photovoltaic antenna of the present invention applied to the 2G to 4G frequency band of wireless communication has the following advantages:

[0094] Beneficial effects:

[0095] (1) This invention is the first to achieve stable directional radiation by using a strategy of connecting battery cells in series with a folded vertical connection structure, employing a double V-shaped probe feeding structure, and feeding through the gaps between the battery cells.

[0096] (2) The broadband photovoltaic antenna proposed in this invention is applicable to the 2G to 4G frequency band of wireless communication, covering an ultra-wide frequency band of 1.61GHz-3.91GHz, and the physical size of the antenna is only 78 mm x 50 mm x 20 mm. It is a compact and small broadband antenna that can be applied to application environments where large space cannot be provided.

[0097] (3) The present invention achieves a relative bandwidth of 83% by installing a patch that is electrically connected to a short-circuit wall on the upper surface of the dielectric plate where the battery cell is located.

[0098] (4) The present invention realizes the integrated design of solar cell antenna, covering an ultra-wide frequency band of 1.61GHz-3.91GHz, with simple structure and low system complexity, and has practical application and promotion value.

[0099] (5) The antenna of the present invention uses DC power generated by photoelectric effect to power the system, which improves the utilization rate of solar energy and helps to realize a low-carbon economy and build an energy-saving and environmentally friendly society.

[0100] This invention abandons the single-feed structure design used in existing solar antennas, adopting a dual-V-shaped probe feeding structure and a feeding strategy through the gaps between the solar cells. Simultaneously, for better impedance matching, a patch electrically connected to a short-circuit wall is mounted on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate containing the solar cells, achieving a relative bandwidth of 83%. Covering the 1.61GHz-3.91GHz band, the antenna's physical dimensions are only 78mm x 50mm x 20mm, making it a compact and small broadband antenna. Furthermore, the antenna is loaded with a ground plane, enabling directional radiation. This invention possesses the novelty and inventiveness requirements required by patent law.

[0101] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0102] Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications that fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A broadband photovoltaic antenna for wireless communication in the 2G to 4G frequency band, comprising a dielectric substrate, a radiating body, a feeding structure, a ground plane (7), a short-circuit wall (17), a DC output (3), and an SMA connector (6); characterized in that: The dielectric plate includes a lower horizontal dielectric plate (8) and an uppermost horizontal dielectric plate (15) arranged horizontally; a power supply vertical dielectric plate (13) and a folded vertical dielectric plate (14) are vertically arranged between the lower horizontal dielectric plate (8) and the uppermost horizontal dielectric plate (15); a folded horizontal dielectric plate (12) is arranged between the two folded vertical dielectric plates (14); the folded metal patch (20) on the surface of the two folded vertical dielectric plates (14) and the folded short-circuit metal patch (21) on the upper surface of the folded horizontal dielectric plate (12) form a metal short-circuit structure that connects the two battery cells (1) in series; The radiation body includes two solar cells (1) connected in series on the upper surface of the uppermost horizontal dielectric plate (15). The power supply structure includes two V-shaped probes (4) disposed on the upper end face of the power supply vertical dielectric plate (13), a short-circuit patch (9) and a Г-shaped feed line (10) located on the surface of the power supply vertical dielectric plate (13), and a metal transmission line (19) on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric plate (8). The floor (7) is a metal patch located on the upper surface of the lower horizontal medium plate (8); The outer walls of the two short-circuit walls (17) are provided with vertical medium plates (16); wherein: The DC output (3) is a metal microstrip line located on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric plate (8); The inner core of the SMA connector (6) is connected to the microstrip transmission line (5), and the outer core of the SMA connector (6) is connected to the ground plane (7). The short-circuit wall (17) is a metal sheet on the surface of the vertical dielectric plate (16) of the short-circuit wall. The short-circuit wall (17) includes a metal patch (2) that is electrically connected to the upper surface of the uppermost horizontal dielectric plate (15). The DC output (3) includes a microstrip line on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric substrate (8) and a metal transmission line (19) and a fixed inductor (18) on the DC output vertical dielectric substrate (11). The DC output (3) is used to filter out radio frequency current and output DC power generated by the battery cell. The short-circuit wall (17) is electrically connected to the metal patch (2) on the upper surface of the floor (7) and the uppermost horizontal medium plate (15).

2. The broadband photovoltaic antenna for wireless communication in the 2G to 4G frequency bands according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is an FR4 substrate.

3. The broadband photovoltaic antenna for wireless communication in the 2G to 4G frequency bands according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the two solar cells (1) is 6 mm.

4. The broadband photovoltaic antenna for wireless communication in the 2G to 4G frequency bands according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each solar cell (1) measures 20.8 mm x 40.8 mm.

5. The broadband photovoltaic antenna for wireless communication in the 2G to 4G frequency bands according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixed inductor (18) is a 33nH surface mount inductor.

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