Plasma torch tunneling apparatus and method

Abstract

The application provides a plasma torch tunneling device and method, which comprises a rotary cutter head, a plurality of plasma torches, a first driving mechanism, an advancing caterpillar, a rock breaking cutter head, a conveying blade shaft, a second driving mechanism, an electric telescopic pipeline, a earthmoving caterpillar, a rack and a control system. The first driving mechanism can drive the rotary cutter head to rotate and extend and retract forward and backward. The second driving mechanism can drive the conveying blade shaft to rotate and move along the axial direction of the conveying blade shaft. The plurality of plasma torches are arranged on the rotary cutter head at intervals. An earthmoving opening is formed in the rotary cutter head. One end of the electric telescopic pipeline is arranged at the inlet of the earthmoving caterpillar. The other end of the electric telescopic pipeline can extend to the outside of the rotary cutter head through the earthmoving opening or retract to the inside of the rotary cutter head. The device has the advantages of small constraint from the surrounding environment, small interference to the surrounding rock, low cost, strong cross section adaptability and high tunneling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel boring, and specifically relates to a plasma torch tunnel boring device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional tunnel excavation methods include open-cut, bench excavation, and shield tunneling. Open-cut methods are constrained by the surrounding environment and are rarely used in urban areas; bench excavation is highly adaptable but causes significant interference with the surrounding rock; shield tunneling has a fast excavation speed and is unaffected by the surrounding environment, but the cost of shield machines is high and their cross-sectional adaptability is poor. Therefore, this invention proposes a plasma torch tunneling device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to develop a plasma torch tunneling device and method to solve the problems of existing tunneling equipment and methods, such as being greatly constrained by the surrounding environment, causing great interference to the surrounding rock, high cost, poor cross-section adaptability, and low tunneling efficiency.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A plasma torch tunneling device includes: a rotating cutterhead, several plasma torches, a first drive mechanism, a forward track, a rock-crushing cutterhead, a conveyor blade shaft with several conveying blades arranged along its own axial direction, a second drive mechanism, an electrically operated telescopic pipe, a soil-carrying track, a frame, and a control system. The forward track is located at the bottom of the frame, and the soil-carrying track is located on the side of the frame. The first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism are respectively mounted on the frame. The first drive mechanism can drive the rotating cutterhead to rotate and can drive the rotating cutterhead to extend and retract back and forth. One end of the conveyor blade shaft is connected to the rock-crushing cutterhead, and the other end of the conveyor blade shaft is connected to the second drive mechanism. The second drive mechanism can drive the conveyor blade shaft to extend and retract back and forth. The conveying blade shaft rotates and can drive the conveying blade shaft to move along its own axial direction, so that the rock crushing cutter head and the conveying blade shaft can extend to the outside of the rotating cutter head or retract to the inside of the rotating cutter head through the soil conveying opening. The plurality of plasma torches are spaced apart on the rotating cutter head, which is located directly in front of the frame. A soil conveying opening is opened on the rotating cutter head. One end of the electric telescopic pipe is set at the entrance of the soil conveying track, and the other end of the electric telescopic pipe can extend to the outside of the rotating cutter head or retract to the inside of the rotating cutter head through the soil conveying opening. The conveying blade shaft is located inside the electric telescopic pipe. The first drive mechanism, the second drive mechanism, the electric telescopic pipe, the soil conveying track, and the forward track are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system.

[0006] Preferably, in the aforementioned plasma torch tunneling equipment, the plurality of plasma torches are arranged on the rotating cutterhead in a Fibonacci spiral pattern, which ensures that the plasma torches cover the entire cross-section when the cutterhead rotates.

[0007] Preferably, in the aforementioned plasma torch tunneling equipment, during tunneling, the rock-crushing cutterhead and conveying blade shaft retract into the soil-hauling opening; when soil hauling is required after tunneling is completed, the rotating cutterhead stops working, and the second drive mechanism drives the rock-crushing cutterhead and conveying blade shaft to extend outside the soil-hauling opening. The second drive mechanism then drives the rock-crushing cutterhead and conveying blade shaft to rotate, transporting the crushed stone and soil to the soil-hauling track, and preferably, the crushed stone and soil are transported out by a soil-hauling vehicle.

[0008] Preferably, in the plasma torch tunneling equipment described above, the first drive mechanism includes a first hydraulic telescopic mechanism, a first motor, and a first rotating rod. The first motor is installed at the output end of the first hydraulic telescopic mechanism. The first motor can drive one end of the first rotating rod to rotate. The other end of the first rotating rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating cutterhead. The first hydraulic telescopic mechanism and the first motor are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system.

[0009] Preferably, in the plasma torch tunneling equipment described above, the second drive mechanism includes a second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and a second motor. The second motor is installed at the output end of the second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and can drive the conveying blade shaft to rotate. The second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and the second motor are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system.

[0010] A plasma torch tunneling method, employing the plasma torch tunneling equipment described above.

[0011] Preferably, in the plasma torch tunneling method described above, during tunneling, the rock-breaking cutterhead and conveying blade shaft retract into the soil-hauling opening; when soil hauling is required after tunneling is completed, the rotating cutterhead stops working, and the second drive mechanism drives the rock-breaking cutterhead and conveying blade shaft to extend outside the soil-hauling opening. The second drive mechanism then drives the rock-breaking cutterhead and conveying blade shaft to rotate, transporting the crushed stone and soil to the soil-hauling track, and preferably, the crushed stone and soil are transported out by a soil-hauling vehicle.

[0012] Preferably, in the plasma torch tunneling method described above, the plurality of plasma torches are arranged on the rotating cutterhead in a Fibonacci spiral pattern, which ensures that the plasma torches cover the entire cross-section when the cutterhead rotates.

[0013] Preferably, in the plasma torch tunneling method described above, the first driving mechanism includes a first hydraulic telescopic mechanism, a first motor, and a first rotating rod. The first motor is installed at the output end of the first hydraulic telescopic mechanism, and the first motor can drive one end of the first rotating rod to rotate. The other end of the first rotating rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating cutterhead. The first hydraulic telescopic mechanism and the first motor are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system.

[0014] Preferably, in the plasma torch tunneling method described above, the second drive mechanism includes a second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and a second motor. The second motor is installed at the output end of the second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and can drive the conveyor blade shaft to rotate. The second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and the second motor are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system.

[0015] As can be seen from the above-disclosed technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0016] This invention provides a plasma torch tunneling device and method, comprising a rotating cutterhead, several plasma torches, a first drive mechanism, a forward track, a rock-crushing cutterhead, a conveyor blade shaft with several conveying blades arranged along its own axial direction, a second drive mechanism, an electrically operated telescopic pipe, a soil-carrying track, a frame, and a control system. The forward track is located at the bottom of the frame, and the soil-carrying track is located on the side of the frame. The first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism are respectively mounted on the frame. The first drive mechanism can drive the rotating cutterhead to rotate and can drive the rotating cutterhead to extend and retract back and forth. One end of the conveyor blade shaft is connected to the rock-crushing cutterhead, and the other end of the conveyor blade shaft is connected to the second drive mechanism. The second drive mechanism can drive... The conveying blade shaft is rotated and can be moved along its own axial direction, so that the rock crushing cutter head and the conveying blade shaft can extend to the outside of the rotating cutter head or retract to the inside of the rotating cutter head through the soil hauling opening. The several plasma torches are spaced apart on the rotating cutter head, which is located directly in front of the frame. A soil hauling opening is opened on the rotating cutter head. One end of the electric telescopic pipe is set at the entrance of the soil hauling track, and the other end of the electric telescopic pipe can extend to the outside of the rotating cutter head or retract to the inside of the rotating cutter head through the soil hauling opening. The conveying blade shaft is located inside the electric telescopic pipe. The first drive mechanism, the second drive mechanism, the electric telescopic pipe, the soil hauling track, and the forward track are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system. This invention utilizes the soil-breaking and rock-breaking capabilities of a plasma torch mounted on a rotating cutterhead to excavate tunnels. This plasma torch tunneling equipment offers advantages such as minimal environmental constraints, minimal interference with surrounding rock, low cost, strong cross-sectional adaptability, and high excavation efficiency. By incorporating a rock-breaking cutterhead, a conveyor blade shaft, and a second drive mechanism, the cutterhead and conveyor blade shaft extend beyond the soil-transporting opening. The second drive mechanism then rotates the cutterhead and conveyor blade shaft, transporting the crushed stone and soil to the soil-transporting track, which is then preferably transported out by a soil-transporting vehicle. The inclusion of an electrically operated telescopic pipe not only provides a soil-transporting channel for the cutterhead and conveyor blade shaft to transport the crushed stone and soil to the soil-transporting track, but also protects the conveyor blade shaft. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of a plasma torch tunneling machine.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a plasma torch tunnel boring machine during tunneling (i.e.) Figure 1 (AA section view).

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a plasma torch tunnel boring machine during soil transport.

[0020] In the figure: 1-rotating cutterhead, 1.1-soil conveying opening, 2-plasma torch, 3-first drive mechanism, 4-forward track, 5-rock crushing cutterhead, 6-conveying blade shaft, 6.1-conveying blade, 7-second drive mechanism, 8-electric telescopic pipe, 9-soil conveying track, 10-frame, 11-control system, 12-lifting rod, 13-equipment casing. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The technical content and features of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the listed embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention. For ease of description, the terms "upper" and "lower" used below are consistent with the upper and lower directions in the accompanying drawings, but this should not be construed as a limitation of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figures 1 to 3This embodiment discloses a plasma torch tunnel boring machine, including: a rotating cutterhead 1, several plasma torches 2, a first drive mechanism 3, a forward track 4, a rock-crushing cutterhead 5, a conveyor blade shaft 6 with several conveying blades along its own axial direction, a second drive mechanism 7, an electric telescopic pipe 8, a soil-carrying track 9, a frame 10, and a control system 11. The forward track 4 is located at the bottom of the frame 10, and the soil-carrying track 9 is located on the side of the frame 10. The first drive mechanism 3 and the second drive mechanism 7 are respectively located on the frame 10. The first drive mechanism 3 can drive the rotating cutterhead 1 to rotate and can drive the rotating cutterhead 1 to extend and retract back and forth. One end of the conveyor blade shaft 6 is connected to the rock-crushing cutterhead 5, and the other end of the conveyor blade shaft 6 is connected to the second drive mechanism 7. The second drive mechanism 7 can drive the rock-crushing cutterhead 5 to extend and retract back and forth. The conveying blade shaft 6 rotates and can drive the conveying blade shaft 6 to move along its own axial direction, so that the rock crushing cutter head 5 and the conveying blade shaft 6 can extend to the outside of the rotating cutter head 1 or retract to the inside of the rotating cutter head 1 through the soil transport opening 1.1. The plurality of plasma torches 2 are spaced apart on the rotating cutter head 1. The rotating cutter head 1 is located in front of the frame 10. A soil transport opening 1.1 is opened on the rotating cutter head 1. One end of the electric telescopic pipe 8 is set at the entrance of the soil transport track 9. The other end of the electric telescopic pipe 8 can extend to the outside of the rotating cutter head 1 or retract to the inside of the rotating cutter head 1 through the soil transport opening 1.1. The conveying blade shaft 6 is located inside the electric telescopic pipe 8. The first drive mechanism 3, the second drive mechanism 7, the electric telescopic pipe 8, the soil transport track 9 and the forward track 4 are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system 11. This invention utilizes the soil-breaking and rock-breaking capabilities of a plasma torch 2 mounted on a rotating cutterhead 1 to excavate tunnels. This plasma torch tunneling equipment offers advantages such as minimal environmental constraints, minimal interference with surrounding rock, low cost, strong cross-sectional adaptability, and high excavation efficiency. By incorporating a rock-breaking cutterhead 5, a conveying blade shaft 6, and a second drive mechanism 7, the second drive mechanism 7 extends the rock-breaking cutterhead 5 and the conveying blade shaft 6 beyond the soil-transporting opening 1.1. The second drive mechanism 7 also rotates the rock-breaking cutterhead 5 and the conveying blade shaft 6, transporting the crushed stone and soil to the soil-transporting track 9, and preferably removing the crushed stone and soil via a soil-transporting vehicle 14. The electric telescopic pipe 8 not only provides a soil-transporting channel, facilitating the transport of crushed stone and soil from the rock-breaking cutterhead 5 and the conveying blade shaft 6 to the soil-transporting track 9, but also protects the conveying blade shaft 6.

[0023] Preferably, in the above-mentioned plasma torch tunneling equipment, the plurality of plasma torches 2 are arranged on the rotating cutterhead 1 in a Fibonacci spiral pattern, which can ensure that the plasma torches 2 cover the entire cross-section when the cutterhead rotates.

[0024] Preferably, in the plasma torch tunneling equipment described above, when the plasma torch 2 and the rotating cutterhead 1 are tunneling, the rock crushing cutterhead 5 and the conveying blade shaft 6 are retracted into the soil transport opening 1.1; when soil transport is required after tunneling is completed, the rotating cutterhead 1 stops working, and the second drive mechanism 7 drives the rock crushing cutterhead 5 and the conveying blade shaft 6 to extend outside the soil transport opening 1.1. The second drive mechanism 7 drives the rock crushing cutterhead 5 and the conveying blade shaft 6 to rotate, transporting the crushed stone and soil to the soil transport track 9, and preferably transporting the crushed stone and soil out via the soil transport vehicle 14.

[0025] Preferably, in the aforementioned plasma torch tunneling equipment, the first drive mechanism 3 includes a first hydraulic telescopic mechanism, a first motor, and a first rotating rod. The first motor is installed at the output end of the first hydraulic telescopic mechanism and can drive one end of the first rotating rod to rotate. The other end of the first rotating rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating cutterhead 1. The first hydraulic telescopic mechanism and the first motor are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system 11. By setting the first drive mechanism 3, the rotation and forward / backward movement of the rotating cutterhead 1 can be realized.

[0026] Preferably, in the aforementioned plasma torch tunneling equipment, the second drive mechanism 7 includes a second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and a second motor. The second motor is installed at the output end of the second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and can drive the conveying blade shaft 6 to rotate. The second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and the second motor are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system 11. By setting the second drive mechanism 7, the rotation and telescopic movement of the rock crushing cutterhead 5 and the conveying blade shaft 6 can be realized, allowing the rock crushing cutterhead 5 and the conveying blade shaft 6 to retract into or extend out of the soil transport opening 1.1.

[0027] Preferably, in the plasma torch tunneling equipment described above, the soil transport track 9 is mounted on the frame 10 via several lifting rods 12 to achieve stable installation of the soil transport track 9.

[0028] Preferably, in the plasma torch tunneling equipment described above, the frame 10 also has an equipment housing 13 to protect the control system 11, the first drive mechanism 3, and the second drive mechanism 7.

[0029] Please continue reading. Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment also discloses a plasma torch tunneling method, using the plasma torch tunneling equipment described above.

[0030] Preferably, in the plasma torch tunneling method described above, when the plasma torch 2 and the rotating cutterhead 1 are tunneling, the rock crushing cutterhead 5 and the conveying blade shaft 6 are retracted into the soil transport opening 1.1; when soil transport is required after tunneling is completed, the rotating cutterhead 1 stops working, and the second drive mechanism 7 drives the rock crushing cutterhead 5 and the conveying blade shaft 6 to extend outside the soil transport opening 1.1. The second drive mechanism 7 drives the rock crushing cutterhead 5 and the conveying blade shaft 6 to rotate, transporting the crushed stone and soil to the soil transport track 9, and preferably transporting the crushed stone and soil out via the soil transport vehicle 14.

[0031] Preferably, in the plasma torch tunneling method described above, the plurality of plasma torches 2 are arranged on the rotating cutterhead 1 in a Fibonacci spiral pattern, which can ensure that the plasma torches 2 cover the entire cross-section when the cutterhead rotates.

[0032] Preferably, in the plasma torch tunneling method described above, the first drive mechanism 3 includes a first hydraulic telescopic mechanism, a first motor, and a first rotating rod. The first motor is installed at the output end of the first hydraulic telescopic mechanism and can drive one end of the first rotating rod to rotate. The other end of the first rotating rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating cutterhead 1. The first hydraulic telescopic mechanism and the first motor are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system 11. By setting the first drive mechanism 3, the rotation and forward / backward movement of the rotating cutterhead 1 can be realized.

[0033] Preferably, in the plasma torch tunneling method described above, the second drive mechanism 7 includes a second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and a second motor. The second motor is installed at the output end of the second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and can drive the conveyor blade shaft 6 to rotate. The second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and the second motor are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system 11. By setting the second drive mechanism 7, the rotation and telescopic movement of the rock-crushing cutterhead 5 and the conveyor blade shaft 6 can be realized.

[0034] The above description is merely a description of preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A plasma torch tunneling device, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a rotating cutterhead, several plasma torches, a first drive mechanism, a forward track, a rock-crushing cutterhead, a conveyor blade shaft with several conveying blades along its axial direction, a second drive mechanism, an electrically operated telescopic pipe, a soil-hauling track, a frame, and a control system. The forward track is located at the bottom of the frame, and the soil-hauling track is located on the side of the frame. The first and second drive mechanisms are respectively mounted on the frame. The first drive mechanism can drive the rotating cutterhead to rotate and can also drive the rotating cutterhead to extend and retract forward and backward. One end of the conveyor blade shaft is connected to the rock-crushing cutterhead, and the other end of the conveyor blade shaft is connected to the second drive mechanism. The second drive mechanism can drive the conveyor blade shaft to rotate and can also drive the conveyor blade shaft to move along its axial direction, so that the rock-crushing cutterhead and the conveyor blade shaft can extend to the outside of the rotating cutterhead or retract to the inside of the rotating cutterhead through the soil-hauling opening. The several plasma torches are spaced apart from the rotating cutterhead. The rotating cutterhead is located directly in front of the frame and has a soil-moving opening. One end of the electrically operated telescopic pipe is located at the entrance of the soil-moving track, and the other end can extend through the soil-moving opening to the outside of the rotating cutterhead or retract to the inside of the rotating cutterhead. The conveying blade shaft is located inside the electrically operated telescopic pipe. The first drive mechanism, the second drive mechanism, the electrically operated telescopic pipe, the soil-moving track, and the forward track are all connected to and controlled by the control system. Several plasma torches are arranged on the rotating cutterhead in a Fibonacci spiral pattern. When the plasma torches and the rotating cutterhead are excavating, the rock-breaking cutterhead and the conveying blade shaft retract into the soil-moving opening. When soil needs to be moved after excavation, the rotating cutterhead stops working, the second drive mechanism drives the rock-breaking cutterhead and the conveying blade shaft to extend outside the soil-moving opening, and the second drive mechanism drives the rock-breaking cutterhead and the conveying blade shaft to rotate, transporting the crushed stone and soil to the soil-moving track, and finally the crushed stone and soil are transported out by the soil-moving vehicle.

2. The plasma torch tunneling equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first driving mechanism includes a first hydraulic telescopic mechanism, a first motor, and a first rotating rod. The first motor is installed at the output end of the first hydraulic telescopic mechanism and can drive one end of the first rotating rod to rotate. The other end of the first rotating rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating cutter head. The first hydraulic telescopic mechanism and the first motor are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system.

3. The plasma torch tunneling equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second drive mechanism includes a second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and a second motor. The second motor is installed at the output end of the second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and can drive the conveying blade shaft to rotate. The second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and the second motor are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system.

4. A plasma torch tunneling method, characterized in that, The plasma torch tunneling equipment as described in claim 1 is used.

5. The plasma torch tunneling method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first driving mechanism includes a first hydraulic telescopic mechanism, a first motor, and a first rotating rod. The first motor is installed at the output end of the first hydraulic telescopic mechanism and can drive one end of the first rotating rod to rotate. The other end of the first rotating rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating cutter head. The first hydraulic telescopic mechanism and the first motor are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system.

6. The plasma torch tunneling method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The second drive mechanism includes a second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and a second motor. The second motor is installed at the output end of the second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and can drive the conveying blade shaft to rotate. The second hydraulic telescopic mechanism and the second motor are respectively connected to and controlled by the control system.

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