Irregular observation system design method and device
By constructing a regular simulation observation system and performing undersampling processing, an irregular observation system was designed, which solved the problem of low signal-to-noise ratio in data reconstruction in the existing technology and achieved high signal-to-noise ratio data reconstruction and high-precision data imaging.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA NAT PETROLEUM CORP
- Filing Date
- 2021-11-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
In the data reconstruction process, existing irregular observation systems fail to consider the applicable conditions of subsequent reconstruction techniques in the design of missing nodes, resulting in low signal-to-noise ratio and insufficient accuracy of the recovered data.
By constructing a regular simulation observation system, geological information and forward modeling data are obtained. Based on the preset reconstruction technology, the target processing domain is obtained, undersampling processing is performed, and the locations of unsampled shot points and receiver points are deleted, thus designing an irregular observation system.
It improved the signal-to-noise ratio of data reconstruction, enhanced the final data imaging quality, reduced costs, and decreased exploration risks.
Smart Images
Figure CN116070396B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of geophysical exploration technology, and in particular to a design method and apparatus for an irregular observation system. Background Technology
[0002] In the process of geophysical exploration, it is necessary to deploy nodal devices in the exploration area to excite, reflect and receive waves in order to obtain seismic data. The spatial relative position of the excitation point and the receiving arrangement constitutes the observation system. In order to obtain regular seismic data for a region, nodal devices can be deployed at the designed excitation point and receiving arrangement positions to form a conventional observation system that meets the requirements of high-precision exploration.
[0003] In the process of setting up an observation system in a new exploration area, in order to save costs, an irregular observation system can be designed. This irregular observation system has fewer nodes than the conventional observation system. The seismic data measured by the irregular observation system has some missing nodes, which can be supplemented by reconstruction.
[0004] However, currently used irregular observation systems typically design missing nodes by directly randomly deleting them from regular observation systems without considering the applicable conditions for subsequent reconstruction techniques. This results in low signal-to-noise ratios and insufficient accuracy in the recovered data. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This application provides a method and apparatus for designing an irregular observation system. The data reconstructed based on this irregular observation system has a high signal-to-noise ratio, which improves the final image quality. The technical solution is as follows:
[0006] On the one hand, a design method for irregular observation systems is provided, which includes:
[0007] Based on the blocks to be observed, a rule-based simulated observation system is constructed;
[0008] Obtain geological information of the area to be observed;
[0009] Based on this simulation observation system and geological information, forward modeling data is generated.
[0010] Based on the preset reconstruction technology, the corresponding target processing domain is obtained;
[0011] Based on this target processing domain, the simulation data is sequentially processed into a channel set.
[0012] In this target processing domain, the first extracted gather is undersampled based on a preset undersampling rate and a preset undersampling method;
[0013] The obtained shot point and receiver point positions are mapped to the simulation observation system, and the unsampled shot point or receiver point positions are deleted from the simulation observation system to obtain the first observation system.
[0014] Based on the first observation system, the preset undersampling rate, and the preset undersampling method, the unsampled portions are undersampled sequentially in the gathers after the first gather;
[0015] The obtained shot point and receiver point positions are mapped to the first observation system. Unsampled shot point or receiver point positions are deleted from the first observation system to obtain an irregular observation system, which is then deployed on the block to be observed.
[0016] In one possible implementation, the forward modeling data based on the simulation observation system and the geological information includes:
[0017] Based on this geological information, a velocity field is constructed;
[0018] Based on this simulation observation system and this velocity field, forward modeling data is generated.
[0019] In one possible implementation, the simulation data corresponds to the common shot domain.
[0020] In one possible implementation, the preset reconstruction technique is an irregular data reconstruction technique based on curve domain optimization iterative inversion.
[0021] In one possible implementation, the corresponding target processing domain is obtained, including:
[0022] Based on the irregular data reconstruction technique of curve domain optimization iterative inversion, the corresponding common offset domain is obtained.
[0023] On the one hand, an irregular observation system design device is provided, the device comprising:
[0024] The simulation observation system module is used to construct a rule-based simulation observation system based on the block to be observed.
[0025] The data acquisition module is used to acquire geological information of the area to be observed.
[0026] The forward modeling module is used to perform forward modeling based on the simulation observation system and the geological information.
[0027] The processing domain acquisition module is used to acquire the corresponding target processing domain based on a preset reconstruction technique.
[0028] The channel extraction module is used to sequentially perform channel extraction processing on the simulation data based on the target processing domain.
[0029] The undersampling module is used to undersample the first extracted gather in the target processing domain based on a preset undersampling rate and a preset undersampling method.
[0030] The irregular observation system module is used to map the obtained shot point positions and receiver positions to the simulated observation system, and to delete the unsampled shot point positions or receiver positions from the simulated observation system to obtain the first observation system.
[0031] The undersampling module is also used to perform undersampling on the unsampled portion of the traces after the first trace, based on the first observation system, the preset undersampling rate, and the preset undersampling method.
[0032] The irregular observation system module is also used to map the obtained shot point positions and receiver positions to the first observation system, and to delete the shot point positions or receiver positions that have not been sampled from the first observation system to obtain the irregular observation system, which is used to deploy on the block to be observed.
[0033] In one possible implementation, the forward modeling module is used for:
[0034] Based on this geological information, a velocity field is constructed;
[0035] Based on this simulation observation system and this velocity field, forward modeling data is generated.
[0036] In one possible implementation, the simulation data corresponds to the common shot domain.
[0037] In one possible implementation, the preset reconstruction technique is an irregular data reconstruction technique based on curve domain optimization iterative inversion.
[0038] In one possible implementation, the processing domain acquisition module is configured to:
[0039] The irregular data reconstruction technique of curve domain optimization iterative inversion is used to obtain the corresponding common offset domain.
[0040] The technical solution provided in this application, based on the construction of a complete simulation observation system and the geological information of the block to be observed, can forward-determine simulation data. Based on a preset reconstruction technique, a corresponding target processing domain is obtained, thus achieving a better reconstruction effect. Based on the aforementioned simulation data, and a preset undersampling rate and preset undersampling method, each gather in the target processing domain is sequentially undersampled, deleting unsampled shot and receiver locations from the simulation observation system, thereby obtaining an irregular observation system. The data reconstructed based on this irregular observation system has a high signal-to-noise ratio, which can improve the final data imaging quality. Attached Figure Description
[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0042] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the irregular observation system design method provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0043] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the irregular observation system design method provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a regular simulation observation system provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a velocity field provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of simulated data provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a common offset domain gather provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a common offset undersampling method provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the signal-to-noise ratio after co-offset undersampling and reconstruction recovery provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0050] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an irregular observation system provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0051] Figure 10 This refers to a conventional irregular observation system obtained using conventional methods.
[0052] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an irregular observation system design device provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0053] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0055] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a non-irregular observation system design method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method can be executed by a computer device and includes:
[0056] 101. Based on the blocks to be observed, construct a rule-based simulation observation system.
[0057] 102. Obtain the geological information of the block to be observed.
[0058] 103. Based on the simulation observation system and the geological information, forward modeling data.
[0059] 104. Based on the preset reconstruction technology, obtain the corresponding target processing domain.
[0060] 105. Based on the target processing domain, the simulation data is sequentially processed by channel extraction.
[0061] 106. In the target processing domain, the first extracted gather is undersampled based on a preset undersampling rate and a preset undersampling method.
[0062] 107. Map the obtained shot point and receiver point positions to the simulated observation system, and delete the shot point or receiver point positions that have not been sampled from the simulated observation system to obtain the first observation system.
[0063] 108. Based on the first observation system, the preset undersampling rate, and the preset undersampling method, undersampling is performed sequentially on the unsampled portions in the subsequent gathers after the first gather.
[0064] 109. Map the obtained shot point and receiver point positions to the first observation system, and delete the shot point or receiver point positions that have not been sampled from the first observation system to obtain an irregular observation system, which is used to deploy on the block to be observed.
[0065] The method provided in this application, based on the construction of a complete simulated observation system and the geological information of the block to be observed, can forward derive simulated data. Based on a preset reconstruction technique, a corresponding target processing domain is obtained, thus achieving a better reconstruction effect. Based on the aforementioned simulated data, and a preset undersampling rate and preset undersampling method, each gather in the target processing domain is sequentially undersampled, deleting unsampled shot and receiver locations from the simulated observation system, thereby obtaining an irregular observation system. The data reconstructed based on this irregular observation system has a high signal-to-noise ratio, which can improve the final data imaging quality.
[0066] In one possible implementation, the forward modeling data based on the simulation observation system and the geological information includes:
[0067] Based on this geological information, a velocity field is constructed;
[0068] Based on this simulation observation system and this velocity field, forward modeling data is generated.
[0069] In one possible implementation, the simulation data corresponds to the common shot domain.
[0070] In one possible implementation, the preset reconstruction technique is an irregular data reconstruction technique based on curve domain optimization iterative inversion.
[0071] In one possible implementation, the corresponding target processing domain is obtained, including:
[0072] Based on the irregular data reconstruction technique of curve domain optimization iterative inversion, the corresponding common offset domain is obtained.
[0073] All of the above-mentioned optional technical solutions can be combined in any way to form the optional embodiments of this application, and will not be described in detail here.
[0074] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a non-irregular observation system design method provided in an embodiment of this application. This method can be executed by a computer device; see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 This embodiment includes:
[0075] 201. Construct a rule-based simulation observation system based on the blocks to be observed.
[0076] The "observation block" refers to the block from which seismic data is to be acquired. This step is typically performed before constructing the actual observation system, usually within the development plan for that block. The subsequent irregular observation system derived from this scheme is then used to construct the actual observation system. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a regular simulation observation system provided in an embodiment of this application, wherein the vertically arranged points represent shot points and the horizontally arranged points represent receiver points.
[0077] The simulated observation system in this step refers to a conventional observation system that meets the requirements of high-precision exploration. The parameter settings of the simulated observation system mainly involve three aspects: excitation parameters, arrangement parameters, and receiving parameters. Excitation parameter analysis includes determining the excitation well depth; arrangement parameters include minimum and maximum shot-receiver distance, cell size, receiver spacing, and offset aperture; receiving parameters include receiver combination distance calculation and combination characteristic analysis. Based on the above settings, the simulated observation system can measure regular seismic data. However, if this simulated observation system were used for actual construction, the cost would be high. Therefore, an irregular observation system with certain missing points can be used for actual construction. After reconstructing the obtained data, the error between the reconstructed seismic data and the regular seismic data is within a preset range. This reduces costs while obtaining more complete seismic data, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio and accuracy of the reconstructed irregular acquisition data and reducing the exploration risks associated with irregular acquisition.
[0078] 202. Obtain the geological information of the block to be observed.
[0079] The geological information in this step includes velocity values at the junctions of multiple well points and multiple geological interfaces.
[0080] 203. Based on this geological information, construct a velocity field.
[0081] In this step, the velocity field is a physical field consisting of velocity vectors at every moment and every point. The purpose of constructing the velocity field is to perform forward modeling of the data.
[0082] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a velocity field provided in an embodiment of this application, where the vertical axis represents depth and the horizontal axis represents point coordinates, i.e., the number of detectors deployed. Figure 4 In the image, different shades of gray represent different speeds, from top to bottom: 300m / s, 550m / s, 1100m / s, 2000m / s, and 2800m / s.
[0083] 204. Based on the simulation observation system and the velocity field, forward modeling data.
[0084] In this step, the simulated data consists of simulated seismic data, primarily including: reflection time and travel time of seismic waves, in-phase and velocity (mean velocity, layer velocity), amplitude, frequency, absorption attenuation, polarization characteristics, continuity of reflected waves, internal structure of reflected waves, and external geometry. This simulated data can be derived from a simulated observation system and velocity field through forward modeling.
[0085] In one possible implementation, the simulated data corresponds to a common shot point domain. During testing, a shot is fired at a certain point, and reflected waves are received at different points on the subsurface interface. The reflected waveforms from these receiving points are recorded sequentially and arranged together to form a reflected wave seismic record. This record corresponds to the common shot point domain because the shot points are the same, but the receiving points are different. The simulated data obtained in this step corresponds to... Figure 5 As shown.
[0086] 205. Based on the preset reconstruction technology, obtain the corresponding target processing domain.
[0087] Different reconstruction techniques have different applicable conditions. For example, better reconstruction results can be obtained in certain processing domains (common shot domain, common receiver domain, or common offset domain, etc.). Therefore, based on the applicable conditions of existing reconstruction techniques, irregular observation systems suitable for the reconstruction method can be constructed to ultimately optimize the reconstruction results and improve the final data imaging quality.
[0088] Depending on the preset reconstruction technology, the target processing domain can be any one of the common shot point domain, common receiver point domain, common offset domain, etc., and this embodiment does not limit it.
[0089] In one possible implementation, the preset reconstruction technique is an irregular data reconstruction technique based on curve domain optimization iterative inversion.
[0090] In one possible implementation, the step includes: obtaining the corresponding common offset domain based on the irregular data reconstruction technique based on curve domain optimization iterative inversion, and subsequently selecting the common offset domain for data undersampling and reconstruction.
[0091] 206. Based on the target processing domain, the simulation data is sequentially processed by channel set extraction.
[0092] In this context, "drawing a gather" refers to the process of extracting the stacked traces from various common reflection points according to the observation system and arranging them according to the shot interval for convenient stacking and velocity spectrum calculation. This process is essentially a data rearrangement, hence the term "drawing a gather." This embodiment extracts the common shot point gather into a common offset domain gather; the corresponding data can be found in [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 .
[0093] 207. In the target processing domain, the first extracted gather is undersampled based on a preset undersampling rate and a preset undersampling method.
[0094] Undersampling is a sampling method where the sampling frequency is less than twice the highest frequency of the signal. This is equivalent to increasing the bandwidth of the test equipment, thereby enabling it to sample higher frequency signals.
[0095] In one possible implementation, the undersampling rate is preset to 50% in this embodiment, which can improve sampling capability and reduce equipment cost.
[0096] The preset undersampling method can be selected as needed. For example, it can be a jitter undersampling method. In this embodiment, it is necessary to undersample each gather based on the preset undersampling rate so that all data of the gather are undersampled at the preset undersampling rate, thereby improving the accuracy of the process. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a common offset undersampling method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the signal-to-noise ratio after common-offset undersampling and reconstruction, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 The signal-to-noise ratio of the undersampled data and the reconstructed data is 15.9879 dB, which meets production requirements.
[0097] 208. Map the obtained shot point and receiver point positions to the simulated observation system, and delete the shot point or receiver point positions that have not been sampled from the simulated observation system to obtain the first observation system.
[0098] The error between the first observation system obtained after deleting the unsampled shot points or receiver points and the simulated observation system is within a preset range.
[0099] 209. Based on the first observation system, the preset undersampling rate, and the preset undersampling method, undersampling is performed sequentially on the unsampled portions in the subsequent gathers after the first gather.
[0100] In the subsequent gathers after the first gather, each gather is undersampled sequentially. This gather has overlapping detector or shot points with the previous gathered. Therefore, after the undersampling of the previous gather is completed, the points that need to be deleted have been determined. For the points that need to be deleted in the overlapping part between the two gathers, the detector or shot points at the overlapping positions that have been undersampled are retained based on the previous gather. Only the detector or shot points that have not been undersampled are undersampled. It is ensured that the number of detector or shot points retained in the gather after undersampling is consistent with the number of detector or shot points to be retained at the given undersampling rate. This ensures that all data in the gather are undersampled at the preset undersampling rate, thereby improving the accuracy of the process.
[0101] 210. Map the obtained shot point and receiver point positions to the first observation system, and delete the shot point or receiver point positions that have not been sampled from the first observation system to obtain an irregular observation system, which is used to deploy on the block to be observed.
[0102] This irregular observation system is based on a preset undersampling rate, preset reconstruction technique, preset undersampling method, and target processing domain. Therefore, the reconstructed seismic data obtained from the initial seismic data acquired through this irregular observation system is accurate. For details on the irregular observation system, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 9 .
[0103] For a better comparison, please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 For conventional irregular observation systems obtained using conventional methods, a comparison is made. Figure 9 and Figure 10 It can be seen Figure 9 The intervals between adjacent sampling points are significantly smaller.
[0104] The method provided in this application, based on the construction of a complete simulated observation system and the geological information of the block to be observed, can forward derive simulated data. Based on a preset reconstruction technique, a corresponding target processing domain is obtained, thus achieving a better reconstruction effect. Based on the aforementioned simulated data, and a preset undersampling rate and preset undersampling method, each gather in the target processing domain is sequentially undersampled, deleting unsampled shot and receiver locations from the simulated observation system, thereby obtaining an irregular observation system. The data reconstructed based on this irregular observation system has a high signal-to-noise ratio, which can improve the final data imaging quality.
[0105] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a non-irregular observation system design device provided in an embodiment of this application. The device includes:
[0106] The simulation observation system module 1101 is used to construct a rule-based simulation observation system based on the block to be observed.
[0107] The data acquisition module 1102 is used to acquire the geological information of the block to be observed;
[0108] Forward modeling module 1103 is used to perform forward modeling based on the simulation observation system and the geological information;
[0109] The processing domain acquisition module 1104 is used to acquire the corresponding target processing domain based on a preset reconstruction technology;
[0110] The channel extraction module 1105 is used to sequentially perform channel extraction processing on the simulation data based on the target processing domain.
[0111] The undersampling module 1106 is used to undersample the first extracted gather in the target processing domain based on a preset undersampling rate and a preset undersampling method.
[0112] The irregular observation system module 1107 is used to map the obtained shot point positions and receiver positions to the simulated observation system, and delete the unsampled shot point positions or receiver positions from the simulated observation system to obtain the first observation system.
[0113] The undersampling module 1106 is also used to perform undersampling on the unsampled portion in the traces after the first trace, based on the first observation system, the preset undersampling rate and the preset undersampling method.
[0114] The irregular observation system module 1107 is also used to map the obtained shot point position and receiver position to the first observation system, and delete the shot point position or receiver position that has not been sampled from the first observation system to obtain the irregular observation system, which is used to deploy on the block to be observed.
[0115] In one possible implementation, the forward modeling module 1103 is used for:
[0116] Based on this geological information, a velocity field is constructed;
[0117] Based on this simulation observation system and this velocity field, forward modeling data is generated.
[0118] In one possible implementation, the simulation data corresponds to the common shot domain.
[0119] In one possible implementation, the preset reconstruction technique is an irregular data reconstruction technique based on curve domain optimization iterative inversion.
[0120] In one possible implementation, the processing domain acquisition module 1104 is used for:
[0121] The irregular data reconstruction technique of curve domain optimization iterative inversion is used to obtain the corresponding common offset domain.
[0122] The method provided in this application, based on the construction of a complete simulated observation system and the geological information of the block to be observed, can forward derive simulated data. Based on a preset reconstruction technique, a corresponding target processing domain is obtained, thus achieving a better reconstruction effect. Based on the aforementioned simulated data, and a preset undersampling rate and preset undersampling method, each gather in the target processing domain is sequentially undersampled, deleting unsampled shot and receiver locations from the simulated observation system, thereby obtaining an irregular observation system. The data reconstructed based on this irregular observation system has a high signal-to-noise ratio, which can improve the final data imaging quality.
[0123] It should be noted that the irregular observation system design device provided in the above embodiments is only used as an example to illustrate the division of the above functional modules when designing an irregular observation system. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the irregular observation system design device and the irregular observation system design method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process can be found in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0124] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. The computer device 1200 can vary significantly due to differences in configuration or performance. It may include one or more central processing units (CPUs) 1201 and one or more memories 1202. The memories 1202 store at least one line of program code, which is loaded and executed by the processors 1201 to implement the methods provided in the various method embodiments described above. Of course, the computer device may also have wired or wireless network interfaces, a keyboard, and input / output interfaces for input and output. The computer device may also include other components for implementing device functions, which will not be elaborated upon here.
[0125] In some embodiments, the computer program involved in the present application embodiments may be deployed and executed on a computer device, or executed on multiple computer devices located in one location, or executed on multiple computer devices distributed in multiple locations and interconnected through a communication network. Multiple computer devices distributed in multiple locations and interconnected through a communication network may constitute a blockchain system.
[0126] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, such as a memory including program code that can be executed by a processor in a computer device to complete the irregular observation system design method described above. For example, the computer-readable storage medium may be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device, etc.
[0127] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above embodiments can be implemented by hardware or by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk.
[0128] The above are merely optional embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A design method for an irregular observation system, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the block to be observed, a regular simulation observation system is constructed. The simulation observation system includes: excitation parameters, arrangement parameters, and receiving parameters. The excitation parameters include the determination of the excitation well depth. The arrangement parameters include the minimum and maximum shot-receiver distance, the size of the surface cell, the receiver channel spacing, and the offset aperture. The receiving parameters include the calculation of the receiver combination distance and the analysis of the combination characteristics. Obtain geological information of the block to be observed, including velocity values at the junctions of multiple well points and multiple geological interfaces; Based on the geological information, a velocity field is constructed; Forward modeling data based on the aforementioned simulation observation system and the aforementioned velocity field; Based on a preset reconstruction technique, the corresponding target processing domain is obtained; wherein, the acquisition of the corresponding target processing domain based on the preset reconstruction technique includes: obtaining the corresponding common offset domain based on a non-irregular data reconstruction technique based on curve domain optimization iterative inversion. Based on the target processing domain, the simulation data is sequentially processed by channel extraction. In the target processing domain, the first extracted gather is undersampled based on a preset undersampling rate and a preset undersampling method; The obtained shot point and receiver point positions are mapped to the simulated observation system, and the unsampled shot point or receiver point positions are deleted from the simulated observation system to obtain the first observation system. Based on the first observation system, the preset undersampling rate, and the preset undersampling method, the unsampled portions are undersampled sequentially in the gathers after the first gather; The obtained shot point and receiver point positions are mapped to the first observation system. Unsampled shot point or receiver point positions are deleted from the first observation system to obtain an irregular observation system, which is then deployed on the block to be observed.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated data corresponds to the common shot point domain.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset reconstruction technology is an irregular data reconstruction technology based on curve domain optimization iterative inversion.
4. A design device for an irregular observation system, characterized in that, The device includes: The simulation observation system module is used to construct a rule-based simulation observation system based on the block to be observed. The simulation observation system includes: excitation parameters, arrangement parameters, and receiving parameters. The excitation parameters include the determination of the excitation well depth. The arrangement parameters include the minimum and maximum shot-receiver distance, the area size, the receiver channel spacing, and the offset aperture. The receiving parameters include the calculation of the receiver combination distance and the analysis of the combination characteristics. The data acquisition module is used to acquire the geological information of the block to be observed, including velocity values at the junctions of multiple well points and multiple geological interfaces. The forward modeling module is used to construct a velocity field based on the geological information; and to perform forward modeling of the data based on the simulation observation system and the velocity field. The processing domain acquisition module is used to acquire the corresponding target processing domain based on a preset reconstruction technique; wherein, the processing domain acquisition module is used to acquire the corresponding common offset domain based on the irregular data reconstruction technique of curve wave domain optimization iterative inversion. The channel extraction module is used to sequentially perform channel extraction processing on the simulation data based on the target processing domain. The undersampling module is used to undersample the first extracted trace set in the target processing domain based on a preset undersampling rate and a preset undersampling method. An irregular observation system module is used to map the obtained shot point positions and receiver positions to the simulated observation system, and to delete the unsampled shot point positions or receiver positions from the simulated observation system to obtain the first observation system. The undersampling module is also used to perform undersampling on the unsampled portion of the traces after the first trace, based on the first observation system, the preset undersampling rate, and the preset undersampling method. The irregular observation system module is also used to map the obtained shot point positions and receiver positions to the first observation system, and to delete the shot point positions or receiver positions that have not been sampled from the first observation system to obtain an irregular observation system, which is used to deploy on the block to be observed.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The simulated data corresponds to the common shot point domain.
6. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preset reconstruction technology is an irregular data reconstruction technology based on curve domain optimization iterative inversion.