Combined clamping fixture and method for automatic processing of automobile parts

Abstract

The present application relates to a combined clamping tool and method for automatic processing of automobile parts, which includes a fixing part which is a tool main board; a drive shaft assembly is provided on the tool main board, the drive shaft assembly includes a main top portion provided on one side of the tool main board, and a motor output shaft corresponding to the main top portion is provided on the other side of the tool main board, thereby realizing rotational support; a hanging plate assembly is rotated on the drive shaft assembly; one end of the hanging plate assembly has a top hole aligned with the main top portion, and the other end has a connecting sleeve for transmission connection to the motor output shaft; the present invention has a reasonable design, a compact structure and is easy to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mechanical clamping tools, and in particular to a combined clamping tool and method for automatic processing of automotive parts, particularly for the assembly and processing of differential housings. Background Art

[0002] The manufacturing of key automotive components is increasingly driven by the need for fully automated processes, placing increasing demands on processing equipment and automated fixtures. Dimensional consistency and accuracy during mass production directly impact the subsequent assembly process. The differential housing is a typical component in the automotive parts manufacturing process. Its primary assembly functions to change the engine speed and convert the torque transmitted by the engine. It possesses strong and highly representative process characteristics in cutting and milling. The differential housing plays a crucial role in converting power between the engine and the four tires. Currently, the domestic differential housing manufacturing industry typically utilizes a production line comprised of general-purpose machine tools and specialized differential housing machines, with manual loading and unloading. However, the precision and efficiency of these machines are insufficient to meet the increasingly demanding market demands, leading to the trend towards automated production. The production of differential housings presents significant challenges. Therefore, in automated production, specialized equipment and fixtures are crucial for differential housing processing, as their precision and performance directly impact the performance and specifications of the finished product.

[0003] In the current differential housing machining process, when machining holes at different positions on the workpiece body, the workpiece body needs to be clamped multiple times, which makes the process complicated, the machining efficiency low, the machining cost high, and the machining precision low. In addition, the current differential housing is basically a cast blank. The casting process characteristics determine the casting deviation and precision problems of the blank itself. The consistency of the blank is not easy to control, which makes the machining process more difficult.

[0004] How to realize automated assembly, maximize the concentration of processing procedures, realize the composite processing of parts by machine tools, expand the processing functions of machine tools, reduce multiple positioning and assembly, and avoid process turnover and waiting time have become technical problems that need to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the processing concentration, the present application provides a combined clamping tool and method for automatic processing of automobile parts, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In order to complete multi-process processing in one clamping, a combined clamping tool for automatic processing of automobile parts is provided. The tool includes a fixed part for installation on a machine tool; a rotating part is provided on the fixed part, and a clamping part is provided on the rotating part, and the clamping part is used to clamp the workpiece body.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0008] In order to realize the processing of multiple holes, the fixed part is the tooling mainboard; the tooling mainboard is provided with a drive shaft assembly, which includes a main top portion provided on one side of the tooling mainboard and a motor output shaft corresponding to the main top portion provided on the other side of the tooling mainboard, thereby realizing rotation support;

[0009] In order to realize the processing of each rotating body processing part and multi-hole position, a hanging plate assembly rotates on the driving shaft assembly; one end of the hanging plate assembly has a top hole aligned with the main top part, and the other end has a connecting sleeve for transmission connection with the motor output shaft;

[0010] A centering assembly, a rotary pressing oil cylinder and an airtight support assembly are respectively provided on the bridge plate assembly;

[0011] The drive shaft assembly is fixed on the machining center, the hanging plate assembly is connected and fixed to the drive shaft assembly, the bridge plate assembly is connected to the hanging plate assembly, and the drive shaft assembly is fixed to the machining center through T-bolts;

[0012] The centering assembly is used to insert into the center hole of the workpiece body for centering; the rotating pressing cylinder fixes the workpiece body;

[0013] The airtight support assembly is tested for airtightness, and the drive shaft assembly drives the bridge assembly to rotate;

[0014] The airtight support assembly is brought into contact with the end face of the workpiece body to perform an airtightness test;

[0015] Bolt holes are provided on the hanging plate assembly, and a trapezoidal bolt assembly is provided in the driving shaft assembly; bolt holes are provided on the bridge plate assembly, and threaded holes are provided on the hanging plate assembly;

[0016] When the driving shaft assembly rotates, the bridge plate assembly is driven to rotate.

[0017] As an introduction to the processing method, an automatic processing method for automobile parts is provided. The method includes the following steps: first, the fixing part is installed on the machine tool; then, the rotating part is rotated so that the hole to be processed on the workpiece body is processed corresponding to the tool.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0019] In order to complete the processing of each hole position, when the workpiece body of the differential housing is being machined, the robot grabs the workpiece body and places it on the machining center. The centering assembly is used to center the workpiece. The rotary clamping oil cylinder controls the rotary pressure plate to rotate and press down to fix the workpiece body. The airtight support assembly is tested for airtightness. The machining center processes the holes of the workpiece body. The drive shaft assembly drives the bridge plate assembly to rotate to achieve the circumferential hole processing of the workpiece body.

[0020] The driving shaft assembly rotates to drive the bridge plate assembly to rotate;

[0021] When the centering assembly is centering, the middle cylindrical end positions the end face of the workpiece, and the three hexagonal protrusions enter the center hole and contact the inner wall of the center hole;

[0022] During the air tightness test, the circular air holes of the airtight support assembly contact the corresponding surface of the workpiece body to check the horizontal placement of the workpiece body. If the placement is not level, an air leakage alarm will be triggered.

[0023] In order to realize multi-station processing, especially horizontal lathe, the premise is that, first, the workpiece body is cast; then, the process riser is repaired, the workpiece body is rough-turned, and a four-jaw chuck is installed, taking into account that each part has a processing allowance, the center of the workpiece is aligned, and the process riser is turned as a clamping part and the tool is moved on the outer wall of the workpiece body according to the reinforcement ribs on the workpiece body to form the process mark side; secondly, the workpiece body is shot blasted and pickled and phosphated; finally, the workpiece body is transferred to the machining workshop;

[0024] A tool is mounted on a head of a machine tool, the head having at least a rotational motion, and the head and / or the machine tool having a lateral movement; and a machining process is performed;

[0025] Step 1: First, install the fixed support frame on the workbench of the machine tool; then, clamp the process riser on the revolving three-jaw chuck and align it;

[0026] Step 2: Align the center hole of the workpiece with the axis of the machine head, i.e., at station A, and turn the rotary surface of the workpiece body coaxial with the center hole of the workpiece;

[0027] Step three: first, the eccentric swing rod swings in the swing guide groove, so that the swing support frame swings around the main central axis axis and moves from station A to station B; secondly, the tail rotary power unit drives the driven gear ring to rotate by rotating the active gear unit, and takes the side of the process mark as the circumferential positioning reference, so that a flange hole of the workpiece to be processed is located at station A for processing; thirdly, the cutter head is better placed on the machine head to process the countersinking part; wherein, the rotating equally divided faceplate part contacts the long arm, and under the action of the reset spring, the reset spring causes the long arm to contact and abut the tooth groove of the equally divided faceplate part to eliminate the tooth gap;

[0028] Step 4: Pull the push rod longitudinally to move the walking base forward, causing the hinged support frame to swing obliquely, so that the oblique hole portion faces the machine head, and perform spot facing, thread bottom hole drilling, and tapping;

[0029] Step 5: Place the core shaft on the machine head, push the end face of the workpiece body, and drive the rear center core shaft into the center hole of the workpiece to remove the workpiece body with the rear center core shaft;

[0030] Step six, install the rear center mandrel on the horizontal lathe, and turn the riser and small end surface, and chamfer them.

[0031] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0032] 1. The tooling can automatically complete the hole processing of the workpiece body at one time without the need for secondary clamping and positioning for processing, thus simplifying the processing procedure, reducing human resources, saving processing costs, and improving processing efficiency.

[0033] 2. The airtightness test of the workpiece body through the airtight support assembly can effectively judge the clamping condition of the differential case and ensure the consistency of the clamping benchmark and the accuracy of the processing size of the differential case during the production process.

[0034] 3. The air tightness is tested by rotating the compression cylinder and the airtight support assembly. The tooling can automatically clamp the differential housing tightly, making it easier to process other parts of the differential, making the clamping of the differential more convenient, and effectively improving the processing efficiency of the differential.

[0035] 4. The present invention realizes high-concentration processing of machine tools, thereby ensuring processing accuracy, expanding the processing function of the processing machine tools, and greatly reducing auxiliary time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is the combined clamping tooling diagram of Example 1.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a 180-degree rotated view of Example 1.

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the working principle of Example 2.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a preferred three-dimensional view of the workpiece.

[0040] Figure 5 It is the structural view of the large end of the workpiece.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a structural view of the workpiece with a process riser.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a traditional chuck.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a diagram of a conventional mandrel structure.

[0044] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of Example 2.

[0045] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2 from another perspective.

[0046] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the main components of the fixed support part of Example 2.

[0047] Figure 12 This is an exploded view of the fixed support bracket.

[0048] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of a hinged L-shaped plate.

[0049] Among them, 1. drive shaft assembly; 2. hanging plate assembly; 3. bridge plate assembly; 4. centering assembly; 5. rotary pressing cylinder; 6. airtight support assembly; 7. machining tool; 8. tool rotation part; 9. tool revolution part; 10. workpiece body; 11. workpiece flange hole; 12. workpiece center hole part; 13. oblique hole part; 14. outer circle part; 15. large end face part; 16. small end face part; 17. countersinking part; 18. inner stop part; 19. process pull mark side; 20. process riser; 21. three-jaw chuck assembly; 22. tapered core shaft part; 23. fixed support part; 24. fixed support frame; 25. fixed guide rail; 26. travel limit seat; 27. walking base; 28. swing head frame; 2 9. Articulated rod; 30. Longitudinal pulling push rod; 31. Articulated support frame; 32. Centering tailstock; 33. Main three-jaw chuck; 34. Main frame body; 35. Main center axis; 36. Tail rotation power unit; 37. Rear support frame; 38. Rear push rod; 39. Rear center core shaft; 40. Rotation limit seat; 41. Swing support frame; 42. Swing guide groove; 43. Eccentric swing rod; 44. Rotating active gear; 45. Rotating support housing; 46. Driven gear ring; 47. Revolution bearing seat; 48. Revolution three-jaw chuck; 49. Revolution part center hole; 50. Equally divided disc; 51. Positioning frame; 52. Articulated L-shaped plate; 53. Return spring; 54. Articulated main shaft.

[0050] Drive shaft assembly 1, hanging plate assembly 2, bridge plate assembly 3, centering assembly 4, rotary pressing cylinder 5, airtight support assembly 6, machining tool 7, tool rotation part 8, tool revolution part 9, workpiece body 10, workpiece flange hole 11, workpiece center hole part 12, oblique hole part 13, outer circle part 14, large end surface part 15, small end surface part 16, countersinking part 17, inner stop part 18, process pull mark side 19, process riser 20, three-jaw chuck assembly 21, tapered core shaft part 22, fixed support part 23, fixed support frame 24, fixed guide rail 25, travel limit seat 26, walking base 27, swing head frame 28, articulated rod part 29, longitudinal pulling push rod 30, articulated support frame 31, centering tailstock 32, main three-jaw chuck 33, main frame body 34, main center shaft 35, tail rotation power unit 36, rear support frame body 37, rear push rod 38, rear center core shaft 39, rotation limit seat 40, swing support frame 41, swing guide groove portion 42, eccentric swing rod 43, rotating active gear portion 44, rotating support housing 45, driven gear ring portion 46, revolution bearing seat portion 47, revolution three-jaw chuck portion 48, revolution portion center hole 49, equally divided disc portion 50, positioning frame 51, articulated L-shaped plate 52, return spring 53, articulated main shaft 54, DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following is combined with Figure 1-13 This application is described in further detail.

[0052] like Figure 4-Figure 6 In Example 1, as an example of a conventional differential housing to be machined, the differential housing is a workpiece body 10 having a large end surface 15 and a small end surface 16. The large end surface 15 and the small end surface 16 are connected by a workpiece center hole 12. A plurality of workpiece flange holes 11 with countersunk portions 17 are distributed on the circumference of the large end surface 15. The workpiece body 10 has an oblique hole 13 for mounting an oil nozzle. The head of the small end surface 16 has an outer circular portion 14. An inner stop portion 18 is provided in the inner cavity of the large end surface 15. The small end surface 16 has a process riser 20 as a clamping portion.

[0053] like Figure 7 、 Figure 8 ,Example 2, on a traditional lathe, when processing a rotating body, the three-jaw chuck assembly 21 and the tapered core shaft part 22 are generally used tooling.

[0054] For the workpiece body 10, a precision casting process is adopted, taking into account that each part has a processing allowance, a four-jaw chuck is used to turn the process riser 20, and the center of the workpiece is aligned to serve as the clamping part.

[0055] like Figures 1-13To achieve workpiece clamping, a combined clamping fixture for automated automotive parts processing is provided. The fixture is placed on a machining center and works with the center to perform this process. The workpiece body 10 is placed on the workbench of the machining center. The fixture includes a fixed portion for mounting on a machine tool; a rotating portion is provided on the fixed portion, and a clamping portion is provided on the rotating portion for clamping the workpiece body 10.

[0056] As a matching method, the following steps are included: first, the fixing part is installed on the machine tool; then, the rotating part is rotated so that the hole to be machined of the workpiece body 10 is machined by the corresponding tool.

[0057] like Figure 1-Figure 3 In Example 3, the tooling of the present invention includes a tooling mainboard for securing the tooling. A drive shaft assembly 1 is mounted on the tooling mainboard, which can be driven by a hydraulic motor or an electric motor. The drive shaft assembly 1 preferably has a main tip on one side of the tooling mainboard and is connected to the motor on the other side, thereby achieving rotational support. Sensors or limit blocks can be used to limit the angle. A hanging plate assembly 2 is mounted on the drive shaft assembly 1. A centering assembly 4, a rotary pressure cylinder 5, and an airtight support assembly 6 are mounted on the bridge plate assembly 3, thereby achieving support for the workpiece.

[0058] As an introduction to the main connection relationship, the drive shaft assembly 1 is fixed to the machining center, the hanging plate assembly 2 is connected and fixed to the drive shaft assembly 1, and the bridge plate assembly 3 is connected to the hanging plate assembly 2. The drive shaft assembly 1 is fixed to the base plate of the machining center with T-bolts. The shape of the bridge plate assembly 3 and hanging plate assembly 2 is not restricted by the drawing structure and can be reasonably changed according to the different specifications of the workpiece to be processed.

[0059] The centering assembly 4 performs centering, the rotary pressing oil cylinder 5 rotates and presses down to fix the workpiece body 10, and the airtight support assembly 6 performs airtightness testing. The machining center only needs to replace the machining tool 7 to process the workpiece flange hole 11 of the workpiece body 10. The drive shaft assembly 1 drives the bridge plate assembly 2 to rotate to achieve the circumferential hole processing of the workpiece body 10. The tooling can automatically complete all hole processing of the workpiece body 10 at one time, without the need to replace the tooling back and forth, simplifying the processing process, reducing human resources, saving processing costs, and saving auxiliary working hours for processing efficiency; by the airtight support assembly 6 contacting the end face of the workpiece body 10 to perform airtightness testing, the clamping condition of the differential case can be effectively judged, ensuring the consistency of the clamping benchmark and the accuracy of the processing size of the differential case during the production process.

[0060] The hanging plate assembly 2 is provided with a bolt hole, the driving shaft assembly 1 is provided with a trapezoidal bolt assembly, and the two are connected by a hexagon socket bolt. The bridge plate assembly 3 is provided with a bolt hole, the hanging plate assembly 2 is provided with a threaded hole, and the two are connected by a hexagon socket bolt.

[0061] When the drive shaft assembly 1 rotates, the bridge plate assembly 3 is driven to rotate at the same time. Therefore, when processing the side hole on the workpiece body 10, there is no need to replace the fixture, and the side hole can be processed directly.

[0062] The main body of the centering component 4 is a cylindrical structure, and there are three hexagonal protrusion structures on the middle cylinder. The protrusion structures can move telescopically to make the positioning of the workpiece body 10 more accurate and more precise.

[0063] The rotary pressing cylinder 5 is hydraulically driven and has a rotary pressing plate for pressing on the workpiece body 10. It preferably has a piston rod with a spiral groove, a cylinder body, a guide steel ball and other parts. The guide steel ball moves along the spiral groove, and the piston rod moves back and forth in the cylinder body. The cylinder body is provided with a bolt hole, which is connected to the bridge plate assembly 3 through a hexagonal bolt.

[0064] The airtight support components 6 are distributed in a ring on the bridge plate component 3. One workpiece body 10 is provided with four airtight support components. The components are provided with circular air holes, which are used to contact the corresponding surfaces of the workpiece body 10 and to check the horizontal placement of the workpiece body 10. If the placement is not level, an air leakage alarm will be triggered.

[0065] The steps for using the entire tooling are as follows: when processing holes in the differential housing, the robot grabs the differential housing and places it on the machining center, the centering assembly is centered, the rotary pressing cylinder rotates and presses down to fix the workpiece body 10, the airtight support assembly performs airtightness testing, the machining center processes holes in the workpiece body 10, and the drive shaft assembly drives the bridge plate assembly to rotate to achieve circumferential hole processing on the workpiece body 10.

[0066] Specifically, when the workpiece body 10 of the differential housing is subjected to hole machining, the manipulator grabs the workpiece body 10 and places it on the machining center. The centering assembly 4 is used for centering. The rotary pressing oil cylinder 5 controls the rotary pressing plate to rotate and press down the workpiece body 10. The airtight support assembly 6 performs airtightness testing. The machining center performs hole machining on the workpiece body 10. The drive shaft assembly 1 drives the bridge plate assembly 3 to rotate to achieve circumferential hole machining on the workpiece body 10.

[0067] The driving shaft assembly 1 rotates to drive the bridge plate assembly 3 to rotate;

[0068] When the centering assembly 4 is centering, the middle cylindrical end positions the end face of the workpiece, and the three hexagonal protrusions enter the center hole portion 12 and contact the inner side wall of the center hole portion 12;

[0069] During the airtightness test, the circular air holes of the airtight support assembly 6 contact the corresponding surface of the workpiece body 10 to check the horizontal placement of the workpiece body 10. If the placement is not level, an air leakage alarm is triggered.

[0070] The fixed part is the tooling mainboard; a drive shaft assembly 1 is provided on the tooling mainboard, and the drive shaft assembly 1 includes a main top portion provided on one side of the tooling mainboard, and a motor output shaft corresponding to the main top portion is provided on the other side of the tooling mainboard, thereby realizing rotation support;

[0071] A hanging plate assembly 2 is rotated on the drive shaft assembly 1; one end of the hanging plate assembly 2 has a top hole aligned with the main top part, and the other end has a connecting sleeve for transmission connection with the motor output shaft;

[0072] A centering assembly 4, a rotary pressing cylinder 5 and an airtight support assembly 6 are respectively provided on the bridge plate assembly 3;

[0073] The drive shaft assembly 1 is fixed on the machining center, the hanging plate assembly 2 is connected and fixed to the drive shaft assembly 1, the bridge plate assembly 3 is connected to the hanging plate assembly 2, and the drive shaft assembly 1 is fixed to the machining center by T-bolts;

[0074] The centering assembly 4 is used to insert into the center hole 12 of the workpiece body 10 for centering; the rotating pressing cylinder 5 fixes the workpiece body 10;

[0075] The airtight support assembly 6 is tested for airtightness, and the drive shaft assembly 1 drives the bridge plate assembly 2 to rotate;

[0076] The airtight support assembly 6 is brought into contact with the end surface of the workpiece body 10 to perform an airtightness test;

[0077] Bolt holes are provided on the hanging plate assembly 2, and a trapezoidal bolt assembly is provided in the drive shaft assembly 1; bolt holes are provided on the bridge plate assembly 3, and threaded holes are provided on the hanging plate assembly 2;

[0078] When the driving shaft assembly 1 rotates, the bridge plate assembly 3 is driven to rotate.

[0079] The centering assembly 4 has a middle cylindrical portion, and three hexagonal protrusions are telescopically provided at the end of the middle cylindrical portion for contacting the inner side wall of the central hole portion 12;

[0080] The rotary pressing oil cylinder 5 has a rotary pressing plate for pressing on the workpiece body 10;

[0081] The airtight support assembly 6 is distributed in an annular manner on the bridge plate assembly 3. The airtight support assembly 6 is provided with a circular air hole as an air nozzle for contacting the corresponding surface of the workpiece body 10 to check the horizontal placement of the workpiece body 10. If the placement is not level, an air leakage alarm is triggered.

[0082] When hole processing is performed on the workpiece body 10 of the differential housing, the robot grabs the differential housing and places it on the machining center. The middle cylindrical part of the centering component 4 is used for end face positioning, and the three hexagonal protrusions extend into the center hole 12 for centering. The rotary pressing cylinder 5 rotates and presses down to fix the workpiece body 10. The circular air hole of the airtight support component 6 contacts and blows up the corresponding surface of the workpiece body 10. The airtightness is tested by the pressure gauge of the airtight support component 6. The machining center performs hole processing on the workpiece body 10, and the drive shaft component 1 drives the bridge plate component 3 to rotate to realize hole processing on the workpiece body 10.

[0083] like Figure 3-13 , Example 4, which includes the following components, as a general concept introduction,

[0084] The fixing portion, including the fixing support portion 23, is used for installation on a machine tool; preferably a horizontal lathe or a horizontal milling machine, but may be other machining centers.

[0085] The rotating unit includes a tooling rotation unit 8 and a tooling revolution unit 9 mounted on the tooling rotation unit 8. By combining rotation and revolution, the center hole and surrounding holes can be machined, and the nozzle hole can be machined by pitching and changing directions. This allows for highly integrated multi-station machining using conventional machine tools.

[0086] The clamping part is provided on the tooling revolution part 9 and is used to clamp the workpiece body 10; a three-jaw chuck is preferred, but a four-jaw chuck or other similar structures may also be used.

[0087] like Figure 3 To facilitate the principles of this embodiment, a fixed machine tool is provided with stations A and B. Station A corresponds to the machine tool's tool axis. When the center hole 12 of the workpiece body 10 is located at station A, the machine tool processes the center hole 12. When the center hole 12 of the workpiece body 10 is located at station B, the workpiece body 10 rotates so that one flange hole 11 is located at station A. This enables multi-hole machining.

[0088] The fixed support portion 23 includes a fixed support frame 24. The present invention can be retrofitted to existing machine tools. For example, by mounting the fixed support frame on a horizontal lathe, such as a horizontal lathe, it can be provided with a lateral movement function. Of course, it can also be mounted on a horizontal boring or milling machine, allowing for machine head movement. Preferably, a fixed guide rail 25 is longitudinally mounted on the fixed support frame 24, with a travel limiter 26 disposed at the end of the fixed guide rail 25. Angle adjustment is achieved by the swinging of the slide.

[0089] As the implementation structure of the above theory, compared with the simple chuck and core shaft structure, the tooling rotation part 8 of this embodiment includes a walking base 27 that walks on a fixed guide rail 25, and a swinging head frame 28 is hinged on the walking base 27; a hinged rod part 29 hingedly connected to the swinging head frame 28 and a longitudinal pulling push rod 30 connected to the walking base 27 are respectively provided on the fixed support frame 24, and an articulated support frame part 31 is provided on the swinging head frame 28; a centering tailstock 32 and a main three-jaw chuck 33 are respectively provided at both ends of the articulated support frame part 31; as a supporting connection method, the present invention adopts a claw structure, and may also adopt a wedge + core shaft structure, etc., so as to facilitate centering and adapt to components of different specifications.

[0090] As an improvement to the tooling revolution part 9, it includes a main frame body 34 clamped on the main three-jaw chuck 33; a main center axis 35 is provided on the main frame body 34, a tail rotating power unit 36 ​​is provided on the main frame body 34 or the main center axis 35, and a swing support frame 41 is sleeved on the main center axis 35; the tail rotating power unit 36 ​​can be a conventional structure such as a stepping motor or a manual turntable with a scale.

[0091] Two rotation limit seats 40 for restriction are provided on the main frame body 34, and the rotation limit seats 40 are located on both sides of the swing support frame 41, so that the swing support frame 41 is located at work station A or work station B; an eccentric swing rod 43 is provided on the main frame body 34, and a swing guide groove 42 is provided at one end of the swing support frame 41; the eccentric swing rod 43 swings in the swing guide groove 42, so that the swing support frame 41 swings around the axis of the main central axis 35 and stays at work station A or work station B; the present invention adopts an intermittent structure, an eccentric mechanism, and swinging of work stations A and B to realize the processing of the central part and the eccentric part.

[0092] Preferably, a rear support frame 37 is provided on the main frame body 34, and a rear center core shaft 39 is provided on the rear support frame 37. The rear center core shaft 39 is driven to extend and retract by a rear push rod 38. The rear center core shaft 39 is operated as required, thereby realizing automatic core shaft installation and achieving positioning installation by utilizing the core shaft taper.

[0093] As a rotation drive, a rotation driving gear part 44 driven by the tail rotation power part 36 is provided on the main central shaft 35 to realize the rotation drive;

[0094] Preferably, the clamping part has a rotating support shell 45 arranged at the other end of the swing support frame 41, a revolving bearing seat portion 47 is provided on the rotating support shell 45, and a driven gear ring portion 46 is provided on the revolving bearing seat portion 47 to engage with the rotating active gear portion 44; it can be equipped with conventional structures such as sensors, angle meters, and gratings.

[0095] As a specific structure, the revolving bearing seat 47 has a through center hole 49, and a revolving three-jaw chuck 48 is provided at the front end of the revolving bearing seat 47 for clamping the workpiece body 10. The structure is ingenious.

[0096] As a supplement, before processing, the workpiece body 10 is subjected to a precision casting process, and each part has a processing allowance. A four-jaw chuck is used to turn a process riser 20, and the center of the workpiece is aligned to serve as a clamping part. A process pull mark side 19 is provided on the outer wall of the workpiece body 10. This ensures that the workpiece can be clamped and processed in one go. The riser can be used as a reference for fine processing, and the pull mark can be used as a graduation reference for the flange hole.

[0097] To achieve rotational precision control and eliminate backlash, an equally divided faceplate 50 is provided on the main central axis 35. A retaining frame 51 is provided on the main frame body 34. An articulated L-shaped plate 52 is hingedly connected to the retaining frame 51 via a hinged main axis 54. The articulated L-shaped plate 52 has a long arm. A return spring 53 is connected between the retaining frame 51 and the articulated L-shaped plate 52. The equally divided faceplate 50 is designed to unidirectionally contact the long arm of the articulated L-shaped plate 52, and the return spring 53 forces the long arm to abut against the tooth groove of the equally divided faceplate 50. Angle control is achieved through swinging, and reset is achieved through the spring's return force.

[0098] The processing method of the present invention has an auxiliary pre-process. First, the workpiece body 10 is cast, generally using precision casting to reduce defects; then, the process riser 20 is repaired, and the riser at the small end is trimmed, so as to serve as a benchmark for subsequent processing, thereby ensuring the tolerance accuracy of each part and achieving one-cut processing. For example, the workpiece body 10 is rough-turned, and a four-jaw chuck is installed. It is taken into account that each part has a processing allowance, the center of the workpiece is aligned, and the process riser 20 is turned and cut. As a clamping part, according to the reinforcement ribs on the workpiece body 10, the process pull mark side 19 is formed on the outer wall of the workpiece body 10; secondly, the workpiece body 10 is shot blasted and pickled and phosphated to achieve dead skin removal, aging, and rust prevention; again, the workpiece body 10 is transferred to the machining workshop;

[0099] This fixture can be used on a wide range of machine tools. However, the following requirements are imposed on the machine tools: a tool is mounted on the machine head, the machine head has at least a rotational motion, and the machine head and / or the machine tool has a lateral movement; and the machining process is performed;

[0100] Step 1. First, install the fixed support frame 24 on the workbench of the machine tool; then, clamp the process riser 20 on the revolving three-jaw chuck part 48 and align it; use the riser to realize processing, and use the core shaft to realize processing of the corresponding outer circle parts. Of course, according to the processing habits of different lathe workers, a bent head tool can be designed to reverse turn the large end step, or the various parts of the rotating body can be semi-finished first. After semi-finishing, clamp the outer circle side wall of the large end face for processing, and decide the timing of turning the riser according to the subsequent process.

[0101] Step 2: align the workpiece center hole 12 with the machine head axis, that is, at station A, and turn the rotary surface of the workpiece body 10 coaxial with the workpiece center hole 12; the present invention realizes the processing of flange holes by oscillating.

[0102] Step three, first, the eccentric swing rod 43 swings in the swing guide groove 42, so that the swing support frame 41 swings around the axis of the main center axis 35 and moves from station A to station B; secondly, the tail rotating power part 36 drives the driven gear ring part 46 to rotate in meshing by rotating the active gear part 44, and takes the process mark side 19 as the circumferential positioning reference, so that a flange hole 11 of the workpiece to be processed is located at station A for processing; thirdly, the tool head is better installed on the machine head to process the countersink part 17; wherein, the rotating equally divided disc part 50 contacts the long arm, and under the action of the reset spring 53, the reset spring 53 is used to make the long arm contact and abut the tooth groove of the equally divided disc part 50, thereby eliminating the tooth gap, thereby ensuring the equal division accuracy of the flange hole.

[0103] Step 4: longitudinally pull the push rod 30 to pull the walking base 27 forward, so that the hinged support frame 31 swings obliquely, so that the oblique hole portion 13 faces the machine head, and performs flattening, drilling the thread bottom hole, and tapping;

[0104] Step 5: Place the core shaft on the machine head and push the end face of the workpiece body 10. The rear push rod 38 drives the rear center core shaft 39 into the center hole 12 of the workpiece, and remove the workpiece body 10 with the rear center core shaft 39.

[0105] As a subsequent process, step six, the rear center mandrel 39 is installed on the horizontal lathe to turn the riser 20 and the small end surface 16 and chamfer them.

[0106] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A combined clamping tool for automatic processing of automobile parts, characterized by: The tooling includes a fixed portion for being mounted on a machine tool; a rotating portion is provided on the fixed portion, and a clamping portion is provided on the rotating portion, the clamping portion being used to clamp a workpiece body (10); The automobile parts include a workpiece body (10) of a differential housing; The workpiece body (10) has a large end surface portion (15) and a small end surface portion (16), the large end surface portion (15) and the small end surface portion (16) are connected through the workpiece center hole portion (12), a plurality of workpiece flange holes (11) are distributed on the circumference of the large end surface portion (15), an oblique hole portion (13) is provided on the workpiece body (10) for installing an oil nozzle, an outer circular portion (14) is provided at the head of the small end surface portion (16), and an inner stop portion (18) is provided in the inner cavity of the large end surface portion (15); the small end surface portion (16) has a process riser (20) as a clamping portion; Combined clamping fixtures for automatic processing of automotive parts include: A fixing portion, including a fixing support portion (23), for mounting on a machine tool; The rotating part comprises a tooling rotation part (8) and a tooling revolution part (9) arranged on the tooling rotation part (8); A clamping portion, provided on the tooling revolution portion (9), for clamping a workpiece body (10); A workstation A and a workstation B are provided on the tool rotation part (8). The workstation A corresponds to the tool axis of the machine tool. When the workpiece center hole (12) of the workpiece body (10) is located at the workstation A, the machine tool processes the workpiece center hole (12); when the workpiece center hole (12) of the workpiece body (10) is located at the workstation B, the workpiece body (10) rotates so that a workpiece flange hole (11) is located at the workstation A.

2. The combined clamping fixture for automatic processing of automobile parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed support portion (23) comprises a fixed support frame (24), a fixed guide rail (25) is longitudinally arranged on the fixed support frame (24), and a travel limit seat (26) is arranged at the end of the fixed guide rail (25).

3. The combined clamping tool for automatic processing of automobile parts according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The tooling rotation part (8) includes a walking base (27) walking on a fixed guide rail (25), and a swing head frame (28) is hingedly connected to the walking base (27); a hinged rod portion (29) hingedly connected to the swing head frame (28) and a longitudinal pulling push rod (30) connected to the walking base (27) are respectively provided on the fixed support frame (24), and a hinged support frame portion (31) is provided on the swing head frame (28); a centering tailstock (32) and a main three-jaw chuck (33) are respectively provided at both ends of the hinged support frame portion (31); The tooling revolution part (9) includes a main frame body (34) clamped on a main three-jaw chuck (33); a main center axis (35) is provided on the main frame body (34); a tail rotation power unit (36) is provided on the main frame body (34) or the main center axis (35); and a swing support frame (41) is sleeved on the main center axis (35); Two self-rotation limiting seats (40) for limiting are provided on the main frame body (34), and the self-rotation limiting seats (40) are located on both sides of the swing support frame (41), so that the swing support frame (41) is located at workstation A or workstation B; An eccentric swing rod (43) is provided on the main frame body (34), and a swing guide groove (42) is provided at one end of the swing support frame (41); the eccentric swing rod (43) swings in the swing guide groove (42), so that the swing support frame (41) swings around the axis of the main central axis (35) and stays at work station A or work station B; A rear support frame (37) is provided on the main frame body (34), and a rear center core shaft (39) driven to extend and retract by a rear push rod (38) is provided on the rear support frame (37); A rotating driving gear unit (44) driven by a tail rotating power unit (36) is provided on the main central shaft (35); The clamping portion comprises a rotating support housing (45) provided at the other end of the swing support frame (41), a revolving bearing seat (47) provided on the rotating support housing (45), and a driven gear ring portion (46) meshing with the rotating driving gear portion (44) provided on the revolving bearing seat (47); The revolving bearing seat (47) is provided with a through revolving portion center hole (49), and a revolving three-jaw chuck portion (48) is provided at the front end of the revolving bearing seat (47) for clamping the workpiece body (10).

4. The combined clamping tool for automatic processing of automobile parts according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Before machining, a precision casting process is adopted for the workpiece body (10), and machining allowances are left for each part. A four-jaw chuck is mounted to align the center of the workpiece, and a process riser (20) is machined as a clamping part; a process pull mark side surface (19) is provided on the outer side wall of the workpiece body (10); An equally divided disc portion (50) is provided on the main central axis (35), a positioning frame (51) is provided on the main frame portion (34), a hinged L-shaped plate (52) is hingedly connected to the positioning frame (51) via a hinged main axis (54), and the hinged L-shaped plate (52) has a long arm; a return spring (53) is connected between the positioning frame (51) and the hinged L-shaped plate (52); The equally divided disc portion (50) is used to contact the long arm of the hinged L-shaped plate (52) in one direction, and the long arm is forced to abut against the tooth groove of the equally divided disc portion (50) through the return spring (53).

5. A method for automatically processing automobile parts, using the combined clamping fixture for automatically processing automobile parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: first, the fixing part is mounted on a machine tool; then, the rotating part is rotated so that the hole to be machined of the workpiece body (10) is machined corresponding to the tool.

6. The method for automatically processing automobile parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: First, the workpiece body (10) is cast; then, the process riser (20) is repaired, the workpiece body (10) is rough-turned, a four-jaw chuck is mounted, and machining allowances are left for each part. The center of the workpiece is aligned, the process riser (20) is turned as a clamping part, and a process mark side (19) is formed on the outer wall of the workpiece body (10) according to the reinforcement rib on the workpiece body (10); secondly, the workpiece body (10) is shot blasted and pickled and phosphated; and finally, the workpiece body (10) is transferred to a machining workshop; A tool is mounted on a machine head of a machine tool, the machine head having at least a rotational motion, and the machine head and / or the machine tool having a lateral movement; and a machining process is performed; Step 1: First, install the fixed support frame (24) on the workbench of the machine tool; then, clamp the process riser (20) on the revolving three-jaw chuck (48) and align it; Step 2: align the workpiece center hole (12) with the machine head axis, i.e., at station A, and turn the rotary surface of the workpiece body (10) coaxial with the workpiece center hole (12); Step three, first, the eccentric swing rod (43) swings in the swing guide groove (42), so that the swing support frame (41) swings around the axis of the main central axis (35) and from station A to station B; secondly, the tail rotating power unit (36) drives the driven gear ring unit (46) to rotate by rotating the active gear unit (44), and uses the process mark side (19) as the circumferential positioning reference so that a flange hole (11) of the workpiece to be processed is located at station A for processing; thirdly, the tool head is replaced on the machine head to process the countersinking part (17); wherein, the rotating equally divided faceplate part (50) contacts the long arm, and under the action of the reset spring (53), the reset spring (53) causes the long arm to abut against the tooth groove of the equally divided faceplate part (50), thereby eliminating the tooth gap; Step 4: longitudinally pull the push rod (30) to move the walking base (27) forward, so that the hinged support frame (31) swings obliquely, so that the oblique hole (13) faces the machine head, and performs spot facing, drilling the threaded bottom hole, and tapping; Step 5: Place the core shaft on the machine head and push the end face of the workpiece body (10). The rear push rod (38) drives the rear center core shaft (39) into the center hole (12) of the workpiece, and remove the workpiece body (10) with the rear center core shaft (39).

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