A honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple bullet strikes and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a honeycomb / ceramic composite armor that can resist multiple projectile strikes, including a bullet-proof panel, a ceramic composite plate and a back plate; the bullet-proof panel is a single-layer metal panel; the ceramic composite plate is a composite plate formed by inserting protective ceramics into the holes of a fiber composite honeycomb and fixing them; the back plate is a fiber metal layer obtained by hot-pressing and curing a metal plate and a fiber prepreg. The present invention also provides a method for preparing a honeycomb / ceramic composite armor that can resist multiple projectile strikes. The present invention uses a fiber composite honeycomb to constrain ceramic blocks, thereby reducing the crack propagation rate of the ceramics when loaded, so that the ceramics can fully play the role of crushing bullets; the present invention uses a fiber composite honeycomb to constrain the side of the ceramic block, thereby hindering the effect of flying ceramic fragments on the surrounding ceramics, while absorbing the laterally propagating stress waves, reducing the damage area caused by a single projectile, and improving the composite armor's ability to resist multiple projectile strikes.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and in particular relates to a honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple projectile strikes and a preparation method thereof. Background technology:

[0002] In order to meet the demand for lightweight military equipment, traditional heavy protective materials such as bulletproof steel plates are not up to the task. High-performance lightweight ceramics represented by alumina, silicon carbide and boron carbide have been widely used in various protective structures. However, due to the inherent brittleness of ceramic materials, composite armor using them as the main protective layer is often difficult to withstand multiple projectile attacks.

[0003] At present, the conventional method used to improve the ability of ceramic composite armor to resist multiple projectile strikes is to divide a large whole ceramic into small ceramic plates, and then make a whole plate ceramic protective layer by gluing and gluing it with the back plate material to form a complete composite armor. However, the small ceramic blocks divided in this way have inferior bulletproof performance to large ceramic blocks. The reason is that during the projectile strike, the time for the cracks of ceramic blocks of different areas to expand to the boundary is different. Small ceramic blocks will break faster, resulting in less kinetic energy absorbed. At the same time, the fragments of small ceramic blocks when broken and the transverse stress waves generated by the projectiles are also likely to cause the surrounding ceramic blocks to break. Therefore, a new structure is needed to slow down the rate of crack expansion of small ceramic blocks to improve their bulletproof performance, while blocking the flying ceramic fragments and absorbing the transverse stress waves. Based on this, the present invention provides a honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple projectile strikes and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention:

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple projectile strikes and a preparation method thereof in view of the deficiencies in the prior art, aiming to improve the ability of the ceramic composite armor to resist multiple projectile strikes. The composite armor is compatible with the existing production methods of composite material honeycombs and fiber metal laminates, and can realize large-scale standardized production of protective armor.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] (1) A honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple projectile strikes, comprising a projectile-facing panel, a ceramic composite panel and a back panel; the projectile-facing panel is a single-layer metal panel; the ceramic composite panel is a composite panel formed by inserting protective ceramics into the honeycomb holes of a fiber composite material and fixing them; the back panel is a fiber metal laminate obtained by hot-pressing and curing a metal plate and a fiber prepreg.

[0007] (II) The present invention also provides a method for preparing a honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple projectile strikes, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Preparation of ceramic composite board: taking fiber-reinforced resin prepreg, preparing composite honeycomb by ultrasonic welding or hot pressing, subjecting ceramic to plasma treatment, then placing the plasma-treated ceramic into the holes of composite honeycomb, heating the composite honeycomb to soften it, then bonding the honeycomb wall to the ceramic by vacuum bag pressing, and obtaining the ceramic composite board after cooling;

[0009] S2. Prepare the backplane: perform plasma surface treatment on the metal plate, then lay the metal plate and fiber prepreg in sequence, and then perform hot pressing and curing on the whole through a flat vulcanizer to obtain the backplane;

[0010] S3. Preparation of honeycomb / ceramic composite armor: subjecting the anti-missile panel to plasma surface treatment and applying a resin film thereon; subsequently, stacking the back plate, ceramic composite plate and anti-missile panel in sequence and placing them in a flat-plate vulcanizer for hot pressing and curing to obtain the honeycomb / ceramic composite armor.

[0011] Furthermore, in S1, the ceramic plasma treatment method is: subjecting the ceramic to plasma treatment under the conditions of 5000W power, 30Pa vacuum, 40°C temperature, and 600sccm nitrogen flow rate, and the treatment time is 15min.

[0012] Furthermore, in S1, in the fiber-reinforced resin prepreg, the fiber is carbon fiber, aramid fiber or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, and the resin is polypropylene or polyethylene resin.

[0013] Furthermore, in S1, the material of the ceramic is aluminum oxide, silicon carbide or boron carbide, or is a composite ceramic with aluminum oxide, silicon carbide or boron carbide as main components.

[0014] Furthermore, in S1, the softening temperature of the composite honeycomb is 130°C-160°C.

[0015] Furthermore, in S1, the honeycomb cross-section of the composite honeycomb is a regular hexagon with a side length of 9-12 mm or a circle with a diameter of 18-24 mm; the honeycomb wall thickness is 1-2 mm, and the honeycomb height is 16-20 mm; the shape and size of the ceramic are consistent with the composite honeycomb, and the ceramic is bonded to the inner wall of the honeycomb.

[0016] Furthermore, in S2, the metal plate is a 7-series aluminum alloy plate or a 6-series aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 2-3 mm; in the fiber prepreg, the fiber is aramid fiber or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, and the resin is epoxy resin or polypropylene resin. The single layer thickness of the fiber prepreg is 0.2-0.3 mm, and the thickness of the overall backplane is 6-9 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, in S3, the bullet-proof panel is a seventh series aluminum alloy plate or a sixth series aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 2-3 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, in S2, the temperature of hot pressing curing is 80-150°C and the pressure is 0.5-1.5 MPa; in S3, the temperature of hot pressing curing is 100-150°C and the pressure is 1-2 MPa.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] (1) The present invention uses a fiber composite honeycomb to constrain the ceramic block, reducing the crack growth rate of the ceramic when loaded, so that the ceramic can fully play the role of a crushing bullet;

[0021] (2) The present invention uses a fiber composite honeycomb to constrain the side of the ceramic block, thereby preventing the flying ceramic fragments from affecting the surrounding ceramics and absorbing the stress waves propagating laterally, thereby reducing the damage area caused by a single projectile and improving the composite armor's ability to resist multiple projectile strikes;

[0022] (3) The fiber composite honeycomb and back fiber metal layer of the present invention are compatible with the existing composite material production method, and can modularly produce ceramic composite plate layers and back plate layers of different specifications and series, thereby realizing the mass engineering production of protective armor under different performance requirements and different environmental requirements. On the other hand, the use of different functionalized resins and ceramic composites can experiment with the multifunctionality of protective armor. Description of the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 The following is a schematic diagram of the structures of two commonly used ceramics and the honeycomb units that match them;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hexagonal ceramic composite plate;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circular ceramic composite plate;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the honeycomb / ceramic composite armor;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of preparing honeycomb by hot pressing method;

[0028] The symbols in the accompanying drawings are:

[0029] A. Ceramics; B. Composite honeycomb; C. Bulletproof panel; D. Ceramic composite panel; E. Back panel; F. Upper and lower molds. Specific implementation method:

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The present invention provides a honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple projectile strikes, comprising a bullet-proof panel, a ceramic composite plate and a back plate, wherein the bullet-proof panel is a single-layer metal panel, the ceramic composite plate is a composite plate formed by inserting protective ceramics into honeycomb holes of a fiber composite material and fixing them, and the back plate is a fiber metal layer plate obtained by hot-pressing and curing a metal plate and a fiber prepreg. The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0032] (I) Preparation of ceramic composite panels:

[0033] Take fiber-reinforced resin prepreg, prepare composite honeycomb by ultrasonic welding or hot pressing, the specific preparation method is the conventional technical means in this field; then put the ceramic into the plasma machine, and carry out nitrogen plasma treatment for 15 minutes under the conditions of 5000W power, 30Pa vacuum, 40℃ temperature, and 600sccm working gas flow; then put the plasma-treated ceramic into the composite honeycomb hole, heat the composite honeycomb to 130℃-160℃ to soften it, and make the honeycomb wall and ceramic fit together by vacuum bag pressing, and obtain the ceramic composite board after cooling. The honeycomb cross section of the composite honeycomb is a regular hexagon with a side length of 9-12mm or a circle with a diameter of 18-24mm; the honeycomb wall thickness is 1-2mm, and the honeycomb height is 16-20mm; the shape and size of the ceramic are consistent with the composite honeycomb, and the ceramic fits the inner wall of the honeycomb.

[0034] Among them, in the fiber-reinforced resin prepreg, the fiber is carbon fiber, aramid fiber or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, the resin is polypropylene or polyethylene resin, and the prepreg method of the fiber and the resin belongs to the conventional technical means in the field and is not described here. In addition, in the present invention, the material of the ceramic is aluminum oxide, silicon carbide or boron carbide, or a composite ceramic with aluminum oxide, silicon carbide or boron carbide as the main component.

[0035] (II) Preparation of backplane:

[0036] The metal plate is subjected to plasma surface treatment, and then the metal plate and fiber prepreg are laid in sequence, and then the whole is hot-pressed and cured by a flat vulcanizer to obtain a backplane. The hot-pressing curing temperature is 80-150°C and the pressure is 0.5-1.5MPa.

[0037] The metal plate is a 7-series aluminum alloy plate or a 6-series aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 2-3 mm; in the fiber prepreg, the fiber is aramid fiber or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, and the resin is epoxy resin or polypropylene resin. The prepreg method of the fiber and the resin belongs to the conventional technical means in the field and is not described here. The single layer thickness of the fiber prepreg is 0.2-0.3 mm, and the thickness of the overall backplane is 6-9 mm.

[0038] (III) Preparation of honeycomb / ceramic composite armor:

[0039] The anti-bullet panel is subjected to plasma surface treatment and affixed with a resin film; then the back plate, ceramic composite plate and anti-bullet panel are stacked in sequence and placed in a flat-plate vulcanizer for hot pressing and curing to obtain a honeycomb / ceramic composite armor. The hot pressing curing temperature is 100-150°C and the pressure is 1-2MPa.

[0040] Among them, the bullet-proof panel is a seventh series aluminum alloy plate or a sixth series aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 2-3mm.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] An embodiment of the present invention provides a honeycomb / ceramic composite armor that is resistant to multiple projectile strikes, comprising a projectile-resistant panel, a ceramic composite plate and a back plate; the projectile-resistant panel is a single-layer metal panel; the ceramic composite plate is a composite plate formed by inserting protective ceramics into the honeycomb holes of a fiber composite material and fixing them; the back plate is a fiber metal layer plate obtained by hot-pressing and curing a metal plate and a fiber prepreg.

[0043] Specifically, the method for preparing the honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple projectile strikes of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) Preparation of composite honeycomb:

[0045] Take a carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene prepreg with a thickness of 0.2 mm and cut it into a unidirectional prepreg tape with a width of 20 mm and a length of 150 mm, with the fiber direction being the length direction of the prepreg tape; take five layers of unidirectional prepreg tapes and stack them together, lay them on a hexagonal mold with a size of 9.98 mm × 9.98 mm × 20 mm, and then stack them between the upper and lower molds in sequence, and use hot pressing and curing at 150 ° C and 0.5 MPa to obtain a thermoplastic composite honeycomb, referring to Figure 5 .

[0046] (2) Preparation of ceramic composite panels:

[0047] The composite honeycomb is heated to 150°C, and several hexagonal boron carbide ceramic columns with a size of 10mm×10mm×20mm are placed in a plasma machine. Nitrogen plasma treatment is carried out for 15 minutes under the conditions of 5000W power, 30Pa vacuum, 40°C temperature, and 600sccm working gas flow. Then, the plasma-treated hexagonal boron carbide ceramic columns are placed in the honeycomb holes, and the honeycomb wall and ceramic are bonded by vacuum bag pressing. The ceramic composite plate is cooled to room temperature.

[0048] (3) Preparation of backplane:

[0049] Take two 100mm×100mm×3mm 6061 aluminum alloy plates for plasma surface treatment, take aramid fiber reinforced polypropylene prepreg and cut it into 100mm×100mm×0.3mm, stack ten layers of aramid fiber reinforced polypropylene prepreg, lay the materials in the order of aluminum alloy plate / ten layers of prepreg / aluminum alloy plate, put them into a flat vulcanizer for hot pressing to obtain a composite armor back plate, and the hot pressing curing temperature is 120℃ and the pressure is 1MPa;

[0050] (4) Preparation of bulletproof panels:

[0051] Take a piece of 7075-t651 aluminum alloy plate as the bullet-proof panel, perform plasma surface treatment, and stick a resin film on it.

[0052] (5) Preparation of honeycomb / ceramic composite armor:

[0053] The back plate is placed on the bottom layer and a layer of 0.1mm thick polypropylene film is laid on it. Then, a ceramic composite plate with a size of 100mm×100mm×20mm is cut and placed on the polypropylene film of the back plate. Then, the bullet-proof panel (film surface) is laid on the ceramic composite plate, and finally sent to a flat vulcanizer to be compounded at 150°C and 1.5MPa pressure to obtain a bulletproof composite armor.

[0054] (6) Performance test:

[0055] The ballistic test of the present invention is based on the "GJB / 59.18-1988 Armored Vehicle Test Standard Armor Plate Anti-bullet Performance Test" as the test standard. The launch device uses a 54-type 12.7mm speed measuring working gun, and the test bullet is a 54-type 12.7mm armor-piercing incendiary bullet with a core mass of 16.4g and a core diameter of 10.8mm. The test speed is 818m / s. The test results are shown in Table 1. The results show that the surface density of the ceramic composite armor prepared in the embodiment of the present invention is 70.4kg / m 2 , the protection factor is 3.54.

[0056] Table 1

[0057] Test Data Core type Test speed Area Density Protection factor Example 1 12.7mm incendiary round 818m / s <![CDATA[70.4kg / m 2 ]]> 3.54

[0058] In the present invention, the bullet-proof panel is a single-layer metal plate, which is placed at the front end to protect the internal fiber composite material and ceramic block from erosion by environmental factors and the like, and at the same time preliminarily crush the bullet; the ceramic composite plate adopts a thick-walled honeycomb of fiber composite material to constrain the ceramic block, so that the fiber composite material honeycomb and the ceramic block have complementary stiffness, thereby improving the anti-ballistic performance of the ceramic block. At the same time, the fiber composite material can absorb the stress wave propagating along the ceramic when the bullet hits with the support of the ceramic block, thereby effectively reducing the ballistic damage area of ​​the ceramic; the composite back plate adopts a fiber metal layer plate, which is composed of multiple metal layers and fiber composite material layers, and mainly plays the role of absorbing the residual kinetic energy of the bullet and providing stiffness to the back of the ceramic block, and utilizes the multi-layer interface between the metal and the fiber composite material to reflect and dissipate the impact stress wave. At the same time, the fibers are orthogonally laid, which, on the one hand, quickly transmits and dissipates the stress wave along the fiber direction, and on the other hand, improves the stiffness of the fiber layer by densely arranging the fibers.

[0059] The above are only preferred implementations of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple projectile strikes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preparation of ceramic composite board: taking fiber-reinforced resin prepreg, preparing composite honeycomb by ultrasonic welding or hot pressing, subjecting ceramic to plasma treatment, then placing the plasma-treated ceramic into the holes of composite honeycomb, heating the composite honeycomb to soften it, then bonding the honeycomb wall to the ceramic by vacuum bag pressing, and obtaining the ceramic composite board after cooling; In the fiber-reinforced resin prepreg, the fiber is carbon fiber, aramid fiber or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, and the resin is polypropylene or polyethylene resin; the composite honeycomb softening temperature is 130°C-160°C; S2, preparing a backplane: performing plasma surface treatment on a metal plate, then laying the metal plate and the fiber prepreg in sequence, and then performing hot pressing and curing to obtain the backplane; S3. Preparation of honeycomb / ceramic composite armor: subjecting the anti-missile panel to plasma surface treatment and at the same time affixing a resin film thereto; subsequently, stacking the back plate, the ceramic composite plate and the anti-missile panel in sequence and hot-pressing and curing them to obtain the honeycomb / ceramic composite armor.

2. The method for preparing the honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple projectile strikes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the ceramic plasma treatment method is: subjecting the ceramic to plasma treatment under the conditions of 5000W power, 30Pa vacuum, 40°C temperature, and 600sccm nitrogen flow rate, and the treatment time is 15min.

3. The method for preparing the honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple projectile strikes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the material of the ceramic is aluminum oxide, silicon carbide or boron carbide, or a composite ceramic with aluminum oxide, silicon carbide or boron carbide as the main component.

4. The method for preparing the honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple projectile strikes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the honeycomb cross section of the composite honeycomb is a regular hexagon with a side length of 9-12 mm or a circle with a diameter of 18-24 mm; the honeycomb wall thickness is 1-2 mm, and the honeycomb height is 16-20 mm; The shape and size of the ceramic are consistent with those of the composite honeycomb, and the ceramic is fitted to the inner wall of the honeycomb.

5. The method for preparing the honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple projectile strikes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the metal plate is a seventh series aluminum alloy plate or a sixth series aluminum alloy plate; In the fiber prepreg, the fiber is aramid fiber or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, and the resin is epoxy resin or polypropylene resin.

6. The method for preparing the honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple projectile strikes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the bullet-proof panel is a seventh series aluminum alloy plate or a sixth series aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 2-3 mm.

7. The method for preparing the honeycomb / ceramic composite armor resistant to multiple projectile strikes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the temperature of hot pressing curing is 80-150° C. and the pressure is 0.5-1.5 MPa; In S3, the temperature of hot pressing curing is 100-150° C. and the pressure is 1-2 MPa.

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