Method and device for monitoring the operating state of a low-voltage power grid

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of power systems, and discloses a low-voltage power grid operation state monitoring method and device, the method comprising: based on a pre-constructed Internet of Things architecture, obtaining operation state data of a target power grid device, and gathering the operation state data to a transformer area fusion terminal; processing the operation state data transmitted by the transformer area fusion terminal, and sending the processing result to a plurality of service terminals; in response to the processing result, each service terminal generates a cooperative monitoring result. The scheme of the application expands the dimension of low-voltage power grid state monitoring, expands the data volume, and improves the real-time performance of state monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system technology, and in particular to a method and device for monitoring the operating status of a low-voltage power grid. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, while the intelligent transformation of the medium-voltage distribution network structure has been largely completed, the intelligent transformation of the 0.4kV low-voltage distribution network remains insufficient, facing unprecedented challenges: First, the demand for social services is constantly increasing. The distribution network faces the large-scale integration of distributed power sources, energy storage, microgrids, electric vehicles, and new interactive energy consumption devices, as well as deep user participation and interaction, resulting in significant pressure for the coordinated development of power generation, grid, load, and storage. Customers are becoming increasingly dependent on electricity, and their demand for diversified energy services is growing rapidly. Second, existing monitoring and control capabilities are insufficient. The total scale of distribution network equipment is large, its development and changes rapidly, and its development is unbalanced and insufficient. Measurement coverage is inadequate, the standardization of facilities and equipment is not high, and the human resources for front-line operation and maintenance management of the distribution network are not commensurate with the growth rate of the distribution network. Existing monitoring and control methods and resource allocation capabilities are insufficient to meet the requirements of lean management of the low-voltage distribution network and the rapidly changing business service needs.

[0003] Traditional low-voltage distribution network operation monitoring methods are relatively simple. They collect electrical quantities such as voltage and current on the distribution transformer side through integrated terminals and collect electrical quantities on the user side using energy meters. However, there is a lack of effective monitoring methods for the distribution lines between the distribution transformer and the user. This results in insufficient measurement nodes, small data volume, and poor real-time performance, making it difficult to support the rapid location and proactive repair of distribution network faults, the management of equipment overload and voltage anomalies, and the adjustment of three-phase load imbalance.

[0004] Therefore, providing a method and apparatus for monitoring the operating status of low-voltage power grids to expand the dimensions of low-voltage power grid status monitoring, increase the amount of data, and improve the real-time performance of status monitoring has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method and apparatus for monitoring the operating status of a low-voltage power grid, thereby expanding the dimensions of low-voltage power grid status monitoring, increasing the amount of data, and improving the real-time performance of status monitoring. To provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a brief summary is given below. This summary is not intended as a general commentary, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or describe the scope of protection of these embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simple form as a prelude to the detailed description that follows.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for monitoring the operating status of a low-voltage power grid is provided.

[0007] In some embodiments, the method includes:

[0008] Based on a pre-built Internet of Things (IoT) architecture, the operating status data of the target power grid equipment is acquired, and the operating status data is aggregated to the distribution area fusion terminal.

[0009] The system processes the operational status data transmitted from the converged terminal in the distribution area and sends the processing results to multiple service terminals.

[0010] In response to the processing result, each of the service terminals generates a collaborative monitoring result.

[0011] In some embodiments, the pre-built IoT architecture specifically includes:

[0012] The perception layer is used to acquire the operating status data of the target power grid equipment and aggregate the operating status data to the distribution area fusion terminal.

[0013] The network layer is used to transmit runtime status data from the perception layer to the platform layer;

[0014] The platform layer is used to receive information transmitted from the converged terminal of the distribution area through the network layer, process it, and send it to multiple service terminals.

[0015] The application layer is used to generate collaborative monitoring results in response to the processing results.

[0016] In some embodiments, the sensing layer collects operational status data of the target power grid equipment at least through a low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring device, a low-voltage smart circuit breaker, and an environmental sensor.

[0017] In some embodiments, when data is collected from non-automatic switches of existing power distribution room cabinets or existing pole-mounted integrated electrical cabinets, the sensing layer uses a low-voltage power distribution network feeder monitoring device to collect the operating status data.

[0018] In some embodiments, the low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring device includes a communication unit, a monitoring unit, and a power module.

[0019] In some embodiments, when data is collected on the automated switches of the newly added power distribution room or the newly added pole-mounted integrated electrical cabinet, the sensing layer uses a low-voltage intelligent circuit breaker to collect the operating status data.

[0020] In some embodiments, the sensing layer is implemented by injecting current characteristic signals and reporting changing current;

[0021] The current characteristic signal injection is carried out by each sensing layer device injecting current characteristic signals in sequence. Other sensing layer devices use the sliding DFT algorithm to extract current signals of specific frequencies from the current signals collected in real time by the target monitoring device and perform decoding processing. By comparing the decoded code segment with the switched transmission code segment, it is determined whether the device has detected the injected signal, and the detection result is reported to the fusion terminal. The fusion terminal performs comprehensive analysis to realize automatic identification of the transformer area topology.

[0022] The change current reporting includes the sensing layer device actively reporting the amplitude and time of the change in current signal when a sudden change occurs in the current. The fusion terminal matches the reporting time of the nearest child node based on the received data record to form a complete data reporting topology relationship, thereby completing the automatic topology identification.

[0023] In some embodiments, the network layer uses a communication unit to transmit operational status data from the perception layer to the platform layer;

[0024] The communication unit communicates upwards via one or more of low-voltage power line broadband carrier and low-power wireless, and communicates downwards via one or more of RS485, CAN bus, low-power wireless, and Bluetooth communication methods.

[0025] In some embodiments, the substation fusion terminal and the communication unit employ dual-mode communication using HPLC and low-power wireless.

[0026] In some embodiments, the integrated distribution terminal sends data through the network layer to the IoT management platform, power grid resource business platform, and data platform at the platform layer for processing.

[0027] In some embodiments, the power grid resource business platform includes at least a power grid resource center, a power grid asset center, a power grid topology center, and a model management center.

[0028] In some embodiments, the data platform includes at least a unified data service platform, an analysis domain, a sharing domain, and a posting source domain.

[0029] In some embodiments, the application layer orchestrates and supports internal and external business collaborations related to power distribution management based on various microservices provided by the power grid resource business platform and data platform, in order to generate business collaboration results.

[0030] In some embodiments, the terminal equipment includes at least an operation monitoring terminal, an active repair terminal, an active operation and maintenance terminal, an operation and maintenance terminal, and a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected terminal.

[0031] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring device is provided.

[0032] In some embodiments, the device includes:

[0033] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the operating status data of the target power grid equipment based on a pre-built Internet of Things architecture, and to aggregate the operating status data to the distribution area fusion terminal.

[0034] The data processing unit is used to process the operating status data transmitted from the converged terminal of the distribution area and send the processing results to multiple service terminals.

[0035] The result generation unit is used to generate collaborative monitoring results for each of the business terminals in response to the processing result.

[0036] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a computer device is provided.

[0037] In some embodiments, the computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the steps of the method described above.

[0038] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention may include the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method and apparatus provided by this invention acquires operation status data of target power grid equipment based on a pre-built Internet of Things (IoT) architecture, aggregates the operation status data to a distribution area fusion terminal, processes the operation status data transmitted from the distribution area fusion terminal, and sends the processing results to multiple service terminals. In response to the processing results, each service terminal generates a collaborative monitoring result. This expands the dimensions of low-voltage power grid status monitoring, increases the data volume, and improves the real-time performance of status monitoring.

[0040] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a network architecture diagram of a low-voltage distribution network operation status monitoring method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a low-voltage line monitoring device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a bus cascade of a low-voltage line monitoring device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0046] Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a monitoring unit according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring unit according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0050] Figure label:

[0051] 100 - Perception layer, 200 - Network layer, 300 - Platform layer, 400 - Application layer;

[0052] 1-Communication unit, 2-Monitoring unit, 3-Power supply module;

[0053] 701 - Data acquisition unit, 702 - Data processing unit, 703 - Result generation unit. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The following description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate specific embodiments described herein to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Some embodiments may include or substitute parts and features of other embodiments. The scope of the embodiments herein includes the entire scope of the claims and all available equivalents thereof. Throughout this document, the terms “first,” “second,” etc., are used only to distinguish one element from another without requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between the elements. Indeed, a first element can also be referred to as a second element, and vice versa. Furthermore, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a structure, apparatus, or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a structure, apparatus, or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase “comprising one…” does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the structure, apparatus, or device that includes said element. The various embodiments described herein are presented in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments; similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably.

[0055] The terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" used in this document to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used solely for the convenience of describing the document and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description herein, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two elements; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] In this document, unless otherwise stated, the term "multiple" means two or more.

[0057] In this article, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0058] In this article, the term "and / or" describes an association between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or A and B.

[0059] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0060] To address the problems existing in current technologies, this invention proposes a transparent monitoring method for 0.4kV low-voltage distribution networks. Based on the technical architecture of the power Internet of Things (IoT) consisting of a "sensing layer, network layer, platform layer, and application layer," it enables real-time sensing and analysis of information such as the operating status, equipment status, and environmental status of low-voltage distribution equipment. Transparent monitoring of low-voltage distribution networks refers to acquiring data such as current, voltage, power factor, power outages, and ambient temperature from low-voltage outgoing cabinets and cable branch boxes, using intelligent integrated terminals in distribution areas as the core, and sensing devices such as low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring devices, low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers, and environmental sensors. This achieves transparency in the monitoring of low-voltage distribution network operations, supporting proactive emergency repairs, precise voltage quality management in distribution areas, and three-phase imbalance management.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0062] In one specific embodiment, the low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0063] S110: Based on a pre-built IoT architecture, acquire the operating status data of the target power grid equipment and aggregate the operating status data to the distribution area fusion terminal;

[0064] S120: Process the operating status data transmitted from the converged terminal of the distribution area, and send the processing result to multiple service terminals;

[0065] S130: In response to the processing result, each of the service terminals generates a collaborative monitoring result.

[0066] In a specific application scenario, the low-voltage distribution network operation status monitoring method implemented by the present invention includes four steps: perception layer status perception, network layer data transmission, platform layer information processing, and application layer business collaboration.

[0067] Step 1: Perception Layer Status Perception: The operating status information of low-voltage distribution network equipment is collected through monitoring devices such as low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring devices, low-voltage smart circuit breakers, and environmental sensors, and then aggregated to the distribution area fusion terminal.

[0068] Step 2 Network Layer Data Transmission: Using communication technologies such as fiber optics, wireless public network, HPLC, CAN bus, RS485, and configuring information security measures such as secure access gateways, the device operation status information is transmitted securely and efficiently from the perception layer device to the platform layer.

[0069] Step 3: Platform Layer Information Processing: The IoT management platform receives information sent from the integrated distribution terminal via the network layer, processes it, and then sends it to platforms such as the power grid resource business platform and the real-time measurement center to support various microservices.

[0070] Step 4: Application Layer Business Collaboration: Based on the various microservices provided by the business middle platform and data middle platform, they can be quickly and flexibly orchestrated according to business needs to carry out business applications such as proactive operation and maintenance, proactive emergency repair, status evaluation, and distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring, so as to achieve collaboration between different businesses.

[0071] In other words, this invention proposes a transparent monitoring method for the status of 0.4kV low-voltage distribution networks. Following the overall architecture of the power Internet of Things, it constructs a four-layer technical architecture based on a "sensing layer, network layer, platform layer, and application layer" to achieve transparent monitoring of electrical quantities and status parameters of equipment at all levels of the low-voltage distribution network. It monitors data such as current, voltage, harmonics, power factor, and power outages in low-voltage outgoing switchgear and cable branch boxes, achieving a panoramic perception of the low-voltage distribution network's operating status. Its architecture is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0072] exist Figure 2 In this context, the pre-built IoT architecture specifically includes:

[0073] Sensing layer 100, the sensing layer is used to acquire the operating status data of the target power grid equipment and aggregate the operating status data to the distribution area fusion terminal;

[0074] Network layer 200 is used to transmit runtime status data from the perception layer to the platform layer;

[0075] Platform layer 300 is used to receive information transmitted from the converged terminal of the distribution area through the network layer, process it and send it to multiple service terminals.

[0076] Application layer 400 is used to generate collaborative monitoring results in response to the processing results.

[0077] The sensing layer collects operational status data of the target power grid equipment at least through a low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring device, a low-voltage intelligent circuit breaker, and environmental sensors. When collecting data on non-automatic switches in existing distribution room cabinets or existing pole-mounted integrated electrical cabinets, the sensing layer uses a low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring device to collect the operational status data. This low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring device includes a communication unit, a monitoring unit, and a power supply module. When collecting data on newly added automated switches in newly added distribution room cabinets or newly added pole-mounted integrated electrical cabinets, the sensing layer uses a low-voltage intelligent circuit breaker to collect the operational status data.

[0078] Furthermore, the implementation of the sensing layer includes current feature signal injection and change current reporting. The current feature signal injection involves each sensing layer device sequentially injecting a current feature signal. Other sensing layer devices use a sliding DFT algorithm to extract current signals of a specific frequency from the current signals collected in real time by the target monitoring device and perform decoding. By comparing the decoded code segment with the switched transmission code segment, they determine whether they have detected the injected signal and report the detection result to the fusion terminal. The fusion terminal performs comprehensive analysis to achieve automatic identification of the transformer area topology. The change current reporting includes the sensing layer device actively reporting the amplitude and time of the current signal change when a sudden change occurs. The fusion terminal matches the reporting time of the nearest child node based on the received data records to form a complete data reporting topology relationship, thereby completing automatic topology identification.

[0079] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 2 In the IoT architecture provided by this invention, the perception layer takes the intelligent fusion terminal of the distribution area as its core and uses end devices such as low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring devices, low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers, and environmental sensors as perception nodes to carry out status information collection of power distribution equipment and edge computing applications. Different types of monitoring equipment are selected according to the actual situation and needs of the distribution area.

[0080] For existing power distribution rooms and distribution cabinets with non-automatic switches, low-voltage power distribution network feeder monitoring devices (such as...) are used. Figure 3As shown, the system consists of a communication unit 1, a monitoring unit 2, and a power supply module 3 for monitoring. Each distribution cabinet is equipped with one power supply module, and each switch in the cabinet is equipped with one monitoring unit. The two are connected in a cascade manner. One or more distribution cabinets are equipped with one communication unit.

[0081] For newly added power distribution room and power distribution cabinet automation switches, low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers are used to monitor each switch. One or more power distribution cabinets are equipped with one communication unit, which is connected to the low-voltage intelligent circuit breaker via RS485 (or CAN bus, etc.).

[0082] For existing pole-mounted integrated electrical cabinets (JP cabinets): they are generally one input and three outputs (or four outputs), and are monitored using low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring devices. Each switch in the cabinet is equipped with one monitoring unit, and one power module is configured to supply power to all monitoring units through cascading splicing. Environmental sensors are configured to monitor ambient temperature and humidity, equipment connector temperature, etc., and one communication unit is configured for aggregated communication.

[0083] For the newly added pole-mounted integrated electrical cabinet (JP cabinet): intelligent low-voltage circuit breakers are used to monitor the switches, and environmental sensors are configured to monitor the ambient temperature and humidity, equipment connection temperature, etc. A communication unit is configured in the cabinet to collect information from all intelligent circuit breakers and send it to the fusion terminal.

[0084] For existing cable branch boxes: only a monitoring unit can be configured to collect information such as the circuit electrical quantity and switch position of the outgoing switch (the incoming switch is automatically synthesized), sensors can be configured to collect environmental information such as cabinet door status, water immersion, and smoke, and one communication unit can be configured to aggregate all information to the fusion terminal.

[0085] For incremental cable branch boxes: intelligent circuit breakers are used to collect information such as circuit electrical quantities and switch positions. Environmental sensors are configured to collect information such as cabinet door status, water immersion, and smoke. One communication unit is configured inside the box to aggregate all information to the fusion terminal.

[0086] For monitoring non-electrical quantities in the power distribution room, environmental sensors and communication units are used in combination. Each power distribution room is equipped with one communication unit, which centrally connects to sensors or devices for non-electrical quantities such as ambient temperature and humidity, water immersion, smoke, and partial discharge. The information collected by the aforementioned power distribution cabinet monitoring equipment is aggregated to the substation fusion terminal via the communication unit for edge computing applications.

[0087] The sensing layer devices possess automatic topology identification capabilities, implemented through two methods: current feature signal injection and alternating current reporting. The current feature signal is obtained by the fusion terminal using a sliding DFT algorithm to extract specific frequency current signals from monitoring units and other devices in real time. This is then decoded, and the relationship between households and transformers is determined by comparing the decoded code segments with the switched transmission code segments to identify time and other information, thus completing automatic topology identification. The alternating current reporting method involves child nodes actively reporting the amplitude and time of the current signal change when a sudden change occurs. The parent node matches the received data records with the information reported by the most recent child node, forming a complete data reporting topology relationship, thereby completing automatic topology identification.

[0088] In addition, the sensing layer device has a high-precision time synchronization function. Under the condition of known baud rate, it records the number of data received by the data receiver and the data reception time. Through reverse deduction algorithm, it deduces the data transmission time. The error between the actual transmission time and the deduced transmission time is controlled within the low latency evaluation range, thereby achieving high-precision time synchronization of data transmission time.

[0089] In some embodiments, the network layer uses a communication unit to transmit operational status data from the perception layer to the platform layer; wherein, the communication unit communicates upwards via low-voltage power line broadband carrier, low-power wireless, etc., and communicates downwards via RS485, CAN bus, low-power wireless, Bluetooth, etc. The substation fusion terminal and the communication unit use dual-mode communication of HPLC and low-power wireless.

[0090] Specifically, the network layer utilizes power fiber optic networks and wireless public network communication at the top and basic channels such as HPLC, low-power wireless, CAN and RS485 wireless networks at the bottom to establish a communication network with high bandwidth, low latency and wide connectivity. It also sets up hardware and software devices such as secure access gateways, firewalls, and data isolation components to ensure the security of data transmission and support the information access and efficient interaction of the intelligent converged terminals in the distribution area.

[0091] The converged terminal and communication unit employ dual-mode communication using HPLC and low-power wireless, featuring the following technical characteristics: First, dual-mode single network: the new carrier and wireless form a single network, enabling cross-routing and hopping. The complementary nature of the carrier and wireless dual channels effectively improves the reliability of edge communication. Second, active frequency avoidance: when coexisting with the marketing broadband carrier communication network in the same area, the new carrier module uses active frequency avoidance technology to prevent bandwidth contention and mutual interference with the marketing carrier communication. Third, combined compatibility: the headend module integrates the marketing carrier module, enabling interference-free listening to the marketing carrier communication network while also being compatible with the access of existing marketing carrier communication devices, supporting the realization of "one terminal per area." Fourth, IP-based expansion: the new carrier and wireless headend and tailend modules support IP-based architecture, supporting the evolution of edge communication towards future networked communication. Fifth, remote upgrade: the headend and tailend communication modules support remote upgrades, possessing communication functions, maintenance, customization, and expansion capabilities.

[0092] The communication unit communicates with the monitoring unit and sensors using a CAN high-speed fieldbus. The communication medium is twisted pair (2 wires), and the communication rate can reach up to 1Mbps. It supports active reporting by the monitoring unit. Compared with the RS485 communication method used in the previous design, it can significantly improve the communication efficiency and reliability between the communication unit and the monitoring unit, and provide a guarantee for improving the real-time monitoring of low-voltage power distribution networks.

[0093] In a specific use case, the platform layer consists of platforms related to the construction of new digital infrastructure, such as controlling the status of equipment in the distribution network through an IoT management platform; unifying the power grid model through a power grid resource business platform to achieve the integration of digital and automated information; and realizing the unified analysis, sharing and management of distribution network data through a data platform.

[0094] Furthermore, the application layer, based on various microservices provided by the power grid resource business platform and data platform, orchestrates and supports internal and external business collaborations involved in power distribution management to generate business collaboration results. The terminal equipment includes at least operation monitoring terminals, proactive repair terminals, proactive operation and maintenance terminals, operation and maintenance terminals, and distributed photovoltaic grid-connected terminals.

[0095] In a specific use case, the application layer, based on the various microservices provided by the business middle platform and data middle platform, can quickly and flexibly orchestrate and support internal and external business collaborations involved in power distribution management, realize the co-construction and sharing of the ecosystem, and support business applications such as proactive operation and maintenance, proactive emergency repair, status evaluation, and distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring.

[0096] In the above specific embodiments, the low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method provided by the present invention acquires operation status data of target power grid equipment based on a pre-built Internet of Things (IoT) architecture, aggregates the operation status data to a distribution area fusion terminal, processes the operation status data transmitted from the distribution area fusion terminal, and sends the processing results to multiple service terminals; in response to the processing results, each service terminal generates a collaborative monitoring result. This expands the dimensions of low-voltage power grid status monitoring, increases the data volume, and improves the real-time performance of status monitoring.

[0097] Furthermore, the low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method provided by the present invention also has the following technical effects:

[0098] Firstly, a tiered monitoring mode is implemented, with the communication unit and the converged terminal forming a two-tiered data acquisition system. The communication unit acts as an intermediate layer, ensuring standardized interfaces with the converged terminal while shielding lower-level devices from differences in communication interfaces and protocols. This enhances data acquisition and processing capabilities and reduces the difficulty and workload of debugging the converged terminal.

[0099] Secondly, this invention utilizes a three-in-one (such as...) Figure 2 As shown, the low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring device (comprising communication unit 1, monitoring unit 2, and power module 3) achieves minimized data acquisition, minimized wiring, and maximized multiplexing. Power module 3 and monitoring unit 2 adopt a bus cascade structure design (e.g., ...). Figures 4-6 As shown, a power module 3 supplies power to multiple monitoring units 2, and simultaneously converts the three-phase high-voltage signal (AC220V) into a low-voltage signal (AC2.2V), providing a unified voltage sampling signal for each monitoring unit 2. This multiplexing method saves costs and significantly reduces the number of wires required.

[0100] Thirdly, this invention employs a high-speed fieldbus to improve communication speed. The CAN bus (Controller Area Network) serves as the communication method between sensing layer acquisition devices (such as between communication units and monitoring units). The communication medium is twisted-pair cable (2 wires), and the maximum communication speed can reach 1 Mbps. It features multi-master full-duplex operation, high communication speed, cyclic redundancy check, priority determination, ease of implementation, and high cost-effectiveness. Compared to the previously commonly used RS485 communication method, it significantly improves communication efficiency and reliability, providing a guarantee for enhancing the real-time monitoring of low-voltage power distribution networks.

[0101] Fourth, the monitoring method designed in this invention is applicable to various scenarios such as existing distribution cabinets, new distribution cabinets, and environmental monitoring. Existing distribution cabinets can be equipped with low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring devices through uninterrupted power supply installation; new distribution cabinets can be directly equipped with intelligent circuit breakers; and environmental sensors can transmit data uniformly to the monitoring unit. This enables convenient real-time, high-precision data monitoring and acquisition, secure data transmission through the network layer, and efficient application through platform and application layer software.

[0102] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring device is provided.

[0103] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the device includes:

[0104] The data acquisition unit 701 is used to acquire the operating status data of the target power grid equipment based on a pre-built Internet of Things architecture, and to aggregate the operating status data to the distribution area fusion terminal.

[0105] Data processing unit 702 is used to process the operating status data transmitted from the integrated terminal of the distribution area, and send the processing results to multiple service terminals;

[0106] Result generation unit 703 is used to generate collaborative monitoring results for each of the business terminals in response to the processing result.

[0107] In some embodiments, the pre-built IoT architecture specifically includes:

[0108] The perception layer is used to acquire the operating status data of the target power grid equipment and aggregate the operating status data to the distribution area fusion terminal.

[0109] The network layer is used to transmit runtime status data from the perception layer to the platform layer;

[0110] The platform layer is used to receive information transmitted from the converged terminal of the distribution area through the network layer, process it, and send it to multiple service terminals.

[0111] The application layer is used to generate collaborative monitoring results in response to the processing results.

[0112] In some embodiments, the sensing layer collects operational status data of the target power grid equipment at least through a low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring device, a low-voltage smart circuit breaker, and an environmental sensor.

[0113] In some embodiments, when data is collected from non-automatic switches of existing power distribution room cabinets or existing pole-mounted integrated electrical cabinets, the sensing layer uses a low-voltage power distribution network feeder monitoring device to collect the operating status data.

[0114] In some embodiments, the low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring device includes a communication unit, a monitoring unit, and a power module.

[0115] In some embodiments, when data is collected on the automated switches of the newly added power distribution room or the newly added pole-mounted integrated electrical cabinet, the sensing layer uses a low-voltage intelligent circuit breaker to collect the operating status data.

[0116] In some embodiments, the sensing layer is implemented by injecting current characteristic signals and reporting transformed current;

[0117] The current feature signal injection utilizes the sliding DFT algorithm on the current signal collected in real time by the target monitoring equipment through the fusion terminal to extract the current signal of a specific frequency and perform decoding processing. The relationship between the user and the transformer is determined by comparing the decoded code segment with the switching and transmitting code segment, thereby completing the automatic topology identification.

[0118] The current transformation reporting includes the child node actively reporting the time of the current signal transformation when the current changes. The parent node matches the most recent child node reporting time based on the received data record to form a complete data reporting topology relationship, thereby completing the automatic topology identification.

[0119] In some embodiments, the network layer uses a communication unit to transmit operational status data from the perception layer to the platform layer;

[0120] The communication unit includes communication methods such as HPLC, CAN bus, and RS485.

[0121] In some embodiments, the substation fusion terminal and the communication unit employ dual-mode communication using HPLC and low-power wireless.

[0122] In some embodiments, the power grid resource business platform includes at least a power grid resource center, a power grid asset center, a power grid topology center, and a model management center.

[0123] In some embodiments, the data platform includes at least a unified data service platform, an analysis domain, a sharing domain, and a posting source domain.

[0124] In some embodiments, the application layer orchestrates and supports internal and external business collaborations related to power distribution management based on various microservices provided by the power grid resource business platform and data platform, in order to generate business collaboration results.

[0125] In some embodiments, the terminal equipment includes at least an operation monitoring terminal, an active repair terminal, an active operation and maintenance terminal, an operation and maintenance terminal, and a distributed photovoltaic terminal.

[0126] In the above specific embodiments, the low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring device provided by the present invention acquires operation status data of target power grid equipment based on a pre-built Internet of Things (IoT) architecture, aggregates the operation status data to a distribution area fusion terminal, processes the operation status data transmitted from the distribution area fusion terminal, and sends the processing results to multiple service terminals; in response to the processing results, each service terminal generates a collaborative monitoring result. This expands the dimensions of low-voltage power grid status monitoring, increases the data volume, and improves the real-time performance of status monitoring.

[0127] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, and a network interface connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The database stores static and dynamic information data. The network interface communicates with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0128] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 8 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present invention and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present invention is applied. A specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0129] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided by this invention can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, or optical storage, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc.

[0130] This invention is not limited to the structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the operating status of a low-voltage power grid, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on a pre-built IoT architecture, operational status data of target power grid equipment is acquired and aggregated to a distribution area convergence terminal. Specifically, when collecting data from existing non-automatic switches in distribution cabinets or existing pole-mounted integrated electrical cabinets in existing distribution rooms, the sensing layer uses a low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring device to collect the operational status data. When collecting data from newly added automated switches in distribution cabinets or newly added pole-mounted integrated electrical cabinets in new distribution rooms, the sensing layer uses a low-voltage smart circuit breaker to collect the operational status data. The sensing layer is implemented through current characteristic signal injection and change current reporting. The current characteristic signal injection is performed sequentially by each sensing layer device. Injecting current characteristic signals, other sensing layer devices use the sliding DFT algorithm to extract current signals of specific frequencies from the current signals collected in real time by the target monitoring device and perform decoding processing. By comparing the decoded code segment with the switched transmission code segment, it is determined whether the device has detected an injected signal, and the detection result is reported to the fusion terminal. The fusion terminal performs comprehensive analysis to achieve automatic identification of the transformer area topology. The change current reporting includes the sensing layer device actively reporting the amplitude and time of the change in current signal when a sudden change occurs. The fusion terminal matches the reporting time of the nearest child node based on the received data record to form a complete data reporting topology relationship, thereby completing the automatic topology identification. The system processes the operational status data transmitted from the converged terminal in the distribution area and sends the processing results to multiple service terminals. In response to the processing result, each of the service terminals generates a collaborative monitoring result.

2. The low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-built IoT architecture specifically includes: The perception layer is used to acquire the operating status data of the target power grid equipment and aggregate the operating status data to the distribution area fusion terminal. The network layer is used to transmit runtime status data from the perception layer to the platform layer; The platform layer is used to receive information transmitted from the converged terminal of the distribution area through the network layer, process it, and send it to multiple service terminals. The application layer is used to generate collaborative monitoring results in response to the processing results.

3. The low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensing layer collects operational status data of the target power grid equipment at least through low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring devices, low-voltage smart circuit breakers, and environmental sensors.

4. The low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring device includes a communication unit, a monitoring unit, and a power module.

5. The low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The network layer uses a communication unit to transmit operational status data from the perception layer to the platform layer; The communication unit communicates upwards via one or more of low-voltage power line broadband carrier and low-power wireless, and communicates downwards via one or more of RS485, CAN bus, low-power wireless, and Bluetooth communication methods.

6. The low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The integrated terminal of the distribution area and the communication unit use HPLC and low-power wireless dual-mode communication.

7. The low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The integrated terminal of the distribution area sends the data through the network layer to the IoT management platform, power grid resource business platform and data platform at the platform layer for processing.

8. The low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The power grid resource business platform includes at least a power grid resource center, a power grid asset center, a power grid topology center, and a model management center.

9. The low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The data platform includes at least a unified data service platform, an analysis domain, a sharing domain, and a source domain.

10. The low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The application layer, based on various microservices provided by the power grid resource business platform and data platform, orchestrates and supports internal and external business collaborations involved in power distribution management to generate business collaboration results.

11. The low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The terminals include at least an operation monitoring terminal, an active repair terminal, an active operation and maintenance terminal, an operation and maintenance terminal, and a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected terminal.

12. A low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring device, characterized in that, The device includes: The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the operating status data of the target power grid equipment based on a pre-built Internet of Things (IoT) architecture, and aggregate the operating status data to the distribution area fusion terminal. Specifically, when acquiring data from existing non-automatic switches in distribution cabinets or existing pole-mounted integrated electrical cabinets in existing distribution rooms, the sensing layer uses a low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring device to collect the operating status data; when acquiring data from newly added automated switches in distribution cabinets or newly added pole-mounted integrated electrical cabinets in newly added distribution rooms, the sensing layer uses a low-voltage intelligent circuit breaker to collect the operating status data. The sensing layer is implemented through current characteristic signal injection and change current reporting; wherein, the current characteristic signal injection is performed by each sensing unit... The layer devices sequentially inject current characteristic signals. Other sensing layer devices use the sliding DFT algorithm to extract current signals of specific frequencies from the current signals collected in real time by the target monitoring device and perform decoding processing. By comparing the decoded code segment with the switched transmission code segment, it is determined whether the device has detected the injected signal, and the detection result is reported to the fusion terminal. The fusion terminal performs comprehensive analysis to achieve automatic identification of the transformer area topology. The change current reporting includes the sensing layer device actively reporting the amplitude and time of the change in current signal when a sudden change occurs. The fusion terminal matches the reporting time of the nearest child node based on the received data record to form a complete data reporting topology relationship, thereby completing the automatic topology identification. The data processing unit is used to process the operating status data transmitted from the converged terminal of the distribution area and send the processing results to multiple service terminals. The result generation unit is used to generate collaborative monitoring results for each of the business terminals in response to the processing result.

13. The low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The pre-built IoT architecture specifically includes: The perception layer is used to acquire the operating status data of the target power grid equipment and aggregate the operating status data to the distribution area fusion terminal. The network layer is used to transmit runtime status data from the perception layer to the platform layer; The platform layer is used to receive information transmitted from the converged terminal of the distribution area through the network layer, process it, and send it to multiple service terminals. The application layer is used to generate collaborative monitoring results in response to the processing results.

14. The low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The sensing layer collects operational status data of the target power grid equipment at least through low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring devices, low-voltage smart circuit breakers, and environmental sensors.

15. The low-voltage power grid operation status monitoring device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The low-voltage distribution network feeder monitoring device includes a communication unit, a monitoring unit, and a power module.

16. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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