Antenna array correction device and method therefor

Abstract

An antenna array correction device and method thereof, wherein the method comprises: measuring total power of the antenna array, controlling active elements to transform the antenna from initial amplitudes to maximum amplitudes, controlling phase shifters to transform the antenna from initial phases to random phases, calculating phase variations based on the initial phases to the random phases, calculating amplitude variations based on the initial amplitudes to the maximum amplitudes, and bringing the phase variations, the amplitude variations, and the total power into an amplitude-phase simultaneous equation to calculate whether there is a real solution. If yes, the initial amplitudes and the initial phases of the antenna are obtained, and the phases of the antenna array are corrected. Otherwise, the phases of the antenna array are transformed to another random phase to obtain a real solution.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an antenna array calibration device and method thereof, in particular, to an antenna array calibration device and method thereof using phase rotation and amplitude attenuation to achieve fast calibration. BACKGROUND

[0002] Current phase array antennas are indispensable key technologies in mobile communication, satellite communication systems, and military radar systems. To achieve precise beam scanning, the vector electric field (amplitude and phase) of each radiating element at the end of the array antenna must be accurately mastered. However, due to the fact that the amplitude and phase of each radio frequency link cannot be completely consistent, and the initial amplitude and phase of the phase shifter are equivalent to random variables, coupled with the problem of electromagnetic coupling between antennas, the amplitude and phase of each radiating antenna are randomly presented. Therefore, how to use electromagnetic theory methods combined with power measurement to accurately obtain the initial amplitude and phase of each radiation source is a research topic for phase array antenna system calibration.

[0003] Most of the existing literature and current practices use the Rotating Element Electric Field Vector (REV) method for phase compensation. However, since the Rotating Element Electric Field Vector method must mobilize each phase shifter, and simultaneously measure the total power change of all antennas in an antenna array, the required measurement time is very long, especially for variable operating environments and densely corrected phase array systems, such a calibration method is quite impractical. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, one aspect of the present application provides an antenna array correction device applied to an antenna array, wherein the antenna array comprises a plurality of antennas. The antenna array correction device comprises a processor configured to analyze and calculate whether there is a real solution for an amplitude-phase simultaneous equation; and a controller configured to control the antennas to adjust from an initial phase to a random phase, and to control the antennas to adjust from an initial amplitude to a maximum amplitude; wherein the processor calculates a phase change according to the adjustment of the initial phase to the random phase, and calculates an amplitude change according to the adjustment of the initial amplitude to the maximum amplitude, and brings the phase change, the amplitude change, and the total power of the antenna array into the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation; if there is a real solution for the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation, the controller corrects the phase of the antenna array according to the calculated initial amplitude and initial phase of the antennas; and if there is no real solution for the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation, the controller controls the antennas to adjust to another random phase different from the random phase, and the processor recalculates the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation according to the another random phase to obtain a real solution.

[0005] Another aspect of the present application provides an antenna array correction method applied to an antenna array, wherein the antenna array is composed of a plurality of antennas, a plurality of phase shifters, and a plurality of active elements, each of the antennas is coupled to a corresponding one of the phase shifters and a corresponding one of the active elements, and the antenna array correction method comprises the following steps: measuring the total power of the antenna array; controlling the active elements to adjust the antennas from an initial amplitude to a maximum amplitude; controlling the phase shifters to adjust the antennas from an initial phase to a random phase; calculating a phase change according to the adjustment of the initial phase to the random phase, and calculating an amplitude change according to the adjustment of the initial amplitude to the maximum amplitude, and bringing the phase change, the amplitude change, and the total power of the antenna array into an amplitude-phase simultaneous equation to calculate whether there is a real solution for the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation; if there is a real solution for the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation, obtaining the initial amplitude and the initial phase of the antennas, and correcting the phase of the antenna array; and if there is no real solution for the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation, controlling the phase shifters to adjust the phase of the antenna array to another random phase different from the random phase, and recalculating the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation according to the another random phase to obtain a real solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array correction device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0007] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the antenna array correction device according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0008] Figure 3 Figure 1 is a flow chart illustrating an antenna array correction method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0009] Figure 4 Figure 2 is a diagram of power circles generated from amplitude and phase simultaneous equations according to the present application.

[0010] Figure 5A Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating actual initial phases of an antenna array (16x16).

[0011] Figure 5B Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating initial phases of the antenna array (16x16) of Figure 5A Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating phase differences of

[0012] Figure 5C Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating phase differences of Figure 5A and Figure 5B Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating phase distributions of the antenna array (16x16) of

[0013] Figure 5D Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating phase distributions of the antenna array (16x16) of Figure 5A Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating phase changes before and after correction according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0014] Figure 6 Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating phase changes before and after correction according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0015]

Symbol Explanation

[0016] 100: antenna array correction device

[0017] 20: antenna array

[0018] 22: antenna

[0019] 24: phase shifter

[0020] 26: active element

[0021] 30: controller

[0022] 40: processor

[0023] 42: first power circle

[0024] 44: second power circle

[0025] 46: third power circle

[0026] 48: fourth power circle

[0027] 52: first antenna

[0028] 54: second antenna

[0029] 62: beam before correction

[0030] 64: beam after correction

[0031] 66: maximum side lobe

[0032] S1-S13: steps

[0033] A: main beam

[0034] θ: correction angle

[0035] ψ: phase shift angle DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following description is of the preferred implementations of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the application as expressed by the claims. The actual scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.

[0037] It must be understood that the terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including", and the like used in the specification are used on the basis and open ended terminology that, respectively, mean the stated feature, integer, step, method step, process, element and / or component is included in the item described by the term, but not that any or all of the features, integers, steps, methods steps, processes, elements and / or components are essential to the completion of the described item.

[0038] The use of relative terms such as "first", "second", and the like used in the claims are used merely to differentiate one element from another, rather than to denote a chronological order of priority, precedence, or a time order of performing method steps, and are therefore to be interpreted as a non- limiting term.

[0039] A phased array (Phased Array) is based on the theory of linear superposition, the radiation electric field of an antenna array system can be superimposed by the electric field of each single antenna. However, due to the initial phase and initial amplitude of each radio frequency link being inconsistent, and the coupling effect between antennas, the initial electric field at one end of the antenna is often very different. The present application mainly uses mathematical methods to find the initial electric field of each antenna in the antenna array, and uses phase shifters (Phase Shifter) and programmable attenuators (Programmable Attenuator) with adjustable phase and amplitude to compensate for the error of the initial electric field.

[0040] Since the radiation electric field is a complex number, it has two variables, phase and amplitude. The two variables must be obtained by two equations. The phase shifter is used to adjust the phase, which can provide a leading or delayed phase. The attenuator is used to adjust the amplitude, which can produce amplification or attenuation effect. For example, the attenuator can achieve amplification or attenuation effect according to different attenuation factors.

[0041] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array correction device according to an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of an antenna array correction device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 , the antenna array correction device 100 is applied to an antenna array 20, which includes a plurality of antennas 22. The antenna array correction device 100 includes a controller 30 and a processor 40.

[0043] In some embodiments, the antennas 22 in the antenna array 20 can be arranged in one or two dimensions in the antenna array 20, but the dimension of the arrangement of the antennas 22 in the antenna array 20 is not limited thereto, and the technical means of the present application can also be extended to a three-dimensional architecture. In some embodiments, the antenna array 20 of the present disclosure can be implemented in a single group or multiple groups in a communication device, which can be a mobile communication device, a mobile computing device, a computer device, a telecommunication device, a base station device, a wireless bridge device, a network device, or a peripheral device of a computer or network, etc. In some embodiments, the antenna array correction device 100 can include one or more antenna arrays 20, and the number of antennas 22 in the antenna array 20 depends on the actual design requirements, for example, as shown in Figure 1 , the antenna array 20 can be composed of MxN antennas 22, where M and N are any positive integer greater than 1 or equal to 1. In some embodiments, the antenna array 20 can be composed of 256 (16x16) antennas 22.

[0044] The controller 30 controls the antennas 22 to adjust from an initial phase to a random phase, and controls the antennas 22 to adjust from an initial amplitude to a maximum amplitude.

[0045] In an embodiment, the antenna array correction device 100 can include a plurality of phase shifters 24 and a plurality of active elements 26. In some embodiments, each antenna 22 can be coupled to a corresponding one of the phase shifters 24 and a corresponding one of the active elements 26, for example Figure 1In some embodiments, the active element 26 can be at least one of a digital attenuator (DSA), an analog attenuator (VVA), an operational amplifier, and a variable gain amplifier (VGA). In some embodiments, in addition to the phase shifter 24 and the active element 26, the antenna 22 can be coupled to one or more elements, such as a driver, a detector, a splitter, a temperature controller, a filter, a rectifier, a digital-to-analog converter, another phase shifter, another active element, a chip, a circuit, or a feedback circuit, etc. The chip or the circuit can be, for example, an electronic circuit, an integrated circuit, a microchip, a semiconductor active / passive element, etc.

[0046] In some embodiments, each antenna 22 can be configured to transmit or receive a signal, such as a wireless radio frequency signal. In some embodiments, each antenna 22 can be configured to process a single signal beam or multiple signal beams. In some embodiments, the antenna array 20 can control a phase shifter 24 of each antenna 22 by the controller 30 to adjust a phase of each antenna 22, such as the controller 30 controlling the antenna 22 to adjust from an initial phase to a random phase. In some embodiments, the random phase can be any angle of phase change (difference) from the initial phase, such as 1 degree, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, etc.

[0047] In some embodiments, the antenna array 20 can control an active element 26 of each antenna 22 by the controller 30 to adjust an amplitude of each antenna 22, such as the controller 30 controlling the antenna 22 to adjust from an initial amplitude to a maximum amplitude.

[0048] Processor 40 is configured to analyze whether real solutions exist for amplitude-phase simultaneous equations. In some embodiments, processor 40 refers to a device capable of executing instructions for performing coded arithmetic, logic, and / or I / O operations. In some embodiments, processor 40 can include an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), a control unit, and / or a register, which can be any type of fixed or removable random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD), solid state drive (SSD), or the like, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, processor 40 can be integrated with controller 30 in the same chip or package. In some embodiments, antenna array calibration device 100 can include one or more processors 40. In some embodiments, processor 40 includes a single-core processor capable of executing one instruction at a time (or a single instruction pipeline), or a multi-core processor capable of executing multiple instructions at once. In some embodiments, processor 40 can be one or more integrated circuits. In some embodiments, processor 40 can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other programmable general purpose or special purpose microprocessor (Microprocessor), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), programmable controller, Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or the like, or a combination thereof, without limitation. In some embodiments, processor 40 can include interconnection or transmission functionality, such as wireless network functionality or local area network functionality.

[0049] In some embodiments, the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations can be represented as Equation One and Equation Two below:

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] wherein parameter P α is the total power (in linear coordinates) of the n-th antenna 22 of antenna array 20 with amplitude adjustment (amplification or attenuation) of a, parameter P0 is the total power of antenna array 20 under an initial condition, and parameter P Φ is the total power of the n-th antenna 22 of antenna array 20 with phase adjustment of y.

[0053] wherein variables X n , Y n in equation one, equation two are unknowns to be calculated, and can be represented as following equation three and equation four:

[0054] X n = |E n | cos ψ n … equation three

[0055] Y n = |E n | sin ψ n … equation four

[0056] wherein parameters E n and ψ n in equation three, equation four are initial amplitude and initial phase of the nth antenna 22 respectively.

[0057] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 , the processor 40 can calculate a phase change, for example, a phase shift angle ψ as shown in Figure 2 , according to the initial phase adjustment described above to the random phase, and calculate an amplitude change according to the initial amplitude adjustment described above to the maximum amplitude, and bring the phase change, the amplitude change, and the total power of the antenna array 20 into the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation to obtain a real solution.

[0058] If the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation has a real solution, the initial amplitude E n and the initial phase ψ n of each antenna 22 are obtained, and the controller 30 can correct the phase of the antenna array 20 according to the initial amplitude E n and the initial phase ψ n of each antenna 22 calculated to perform phase compensation so that the main beam A (see Figure 1 , Figure 6 ) of the antenna array 20 reaches a predetermined target angle, for example, a correction angle θ as shown in Figure 1 .

[0059] If the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation does not have a real solution, the controller 30 controls the antenna 22 to adjust to another random phase different from the random phase, and the processor 40 recalculates the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation according to the another random phase to obtain a real solution. In some embodiments, the phase difference between two consecutive random phases can be fixed, such as 1 degree, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, etc. In some embodiments, the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation can have a real solution after the controller 30 adjusts the phase and the amplitude once, i.e., an initial phase and an initial amplitude of the antenna 22 are obtained. For example, according to the present application implemented in an antenna array 20 composed of 256 (16x16) antennas 22, the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation can be solved by calculating the phase modulation and the power measurement 512 (256x2) times at least, so as to correct the phase of the antenna array 20.

[0060] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a flowchart of a method for correcting an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0061] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 , in step S1, the processor 40 measures the total power of the antenna array 20.

[0062] In step S3, the controller 30 controls the active element 26 to adjust the antenna 22 from an initial amplitude to a maximum amplitude.

[0063] In step S5, the controller 30 controls the phase shifter 24 to adjust the antenna 22 from an initial phase to a random phase.

[0064] In step S7, the processor 40 calculates a phase change according to the adjustment of the initial phase to the random phase, and calculates an amplitude change according to the adjustment of the initial amplitude to the maximum amplitude, and brings the phase change, the amplitude change, and the total power of the antenna array 20 into the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation. In step S9, the processor 40 determines whether the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation has a real solution.

[0065] In step S11, if the amplitude-phase simultaneous equation has a real solution, the processor 40 obtains the initial amplitude and the initial phase of the antenna 22, and the controller 30 can correct the antenna array 20 according to the initial amplitude and the initial phase to perform phase compensation.

[0066] In step S13, if the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations do not have a real solution, the controller 30 controls the phase shifter 24 again to adjust each antenna 22 in the antenna array 20 to another random phase different from the random phase, and the processor 40 recalculates the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations according to the other random phase until a real solution is obtained.

[0067] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram showing whether the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations according to the present invention have real number solutions.

[0068] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, since the initial phase and the initial amplitude of the antenna 22 cannot be predicted (ie, a random distribution), according to the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations, the variable X n As the X-axis, Y n In a linear coordinate system with the Y axis as the axis, equation 1 can obtain a first power circle 42 after amplitude adjustment (amplification or attenuation) by α, and equation 2 can obtain a second power circle 44, a third power circle 46 and a fourth power circle 48 after phase shifting by ψ1, ψ2 and ψ3 respectively.

[0069] When different phase shift angles (ψ1, ψ2, ψ3) are adjusted, and the total power obtained by modulating the phase is less than the total power obtained by modulating the attenuation, the inappropriate phase shift angle (ψ1) will cause the real number solution to not exist, for example, the first power circle 42 and the second power circle 44 have no intersection (no real number solution), while the appropriate phase shift angles (ψ2, ψ3) will have real number solutions, for example, the first power circle 42 and the third power circle 46 and the fourth power circle 48 have intersections (real number solutions). Therefore, the present invention proposes to change the phase shift angle ψ of the antenna 22 according to the random phase (see Figure 2 ), that is, changing the center position of the power circle converted by Equation 2 to obtain a real number solution. In some embodiments, the present invention can continuously generate random phases to generate different power circles until a real number solution is generated.

[0070] Please also refer to Figure 5A 、 Figure 5B 、 Figure 5C as well as Figure 5D , Figures 5A-5D It shows the phase value corresponding to each antenna in an antenna array (16×16). Figure 5A is the actual initial phase of the antenna array. Figure 5B : is a diagram showing the initial phase of the antenna array (16×16) calculated according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5C It is a drawing Figure 5A and Figure 5B The phase difference, Figure 5Dis a diagram showing the phase distribution of the above-mentioned antenna array (16x16) after correction by the phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0071] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 5A , an antenna array 20 is taken as an example, the antenna array 20 is composed of 256 (16x16) antennas 22, each antenna 22 has a different initial phase, so different gray scales are used to represent, for example, the first antenna 52 and the second antenna 54 have a random initial phase of 0 degrees.

[0072] If the Rotating Element Electric Field Vector (REV) is used, because the total power of the antenna array 20 is consistent with the cosine of the phase of the phase shifter 24 of the antenna 22, the initial phase and the initial amplitude of each antenna 22 are calculated by sequentially adjusting the phase of the phase shifter 24 of each antenna 22 to obtain the cosine curve of the total power change as the basis for correction, for example, using a 5-bit digital phase shifter (Digital Phase Shifter), the Rotating Element Electric Field Vector (REV) needs to change the phase of each antenna 32 times, and the total power of the antenna array is measured 32 times. For the antenna array 20 composed of 256 (16x16) antennas 22, a total of 8192 (256x32) phase modulation and power measurement are required.

[0073] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 5B , according to the present application applied to the antenna array 20 composed of 256 (16x16) antennas 22, the above-mentioned amplitude-phase simultaneous equation only needs to be calculated at least 512 (256x2) times of phase modulation and power measurement, so that the correction can be quickly corrected, greatly reducing the time-consuming of the antenna array 20 correction, and improving its performance. For example, the initial phase of the first antenna 52 calculated according to another embodiment of the present application is close to 0 degrees, and the initial phase of the second antenna 54 calculated according to another embodiment of the present application is close to 359 degrees.

[0074] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 5C , the actual initial phase and Figure 5A , the initial phase calculated according to another embodiment of the present application has a phase error. For example, the phase error of the first antenna 52 is close to 0 degrees, and the phase error of the second antenna 54 is close to -1 degree. Figure 5B

[0075] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 5D ​As shown, based on the results of the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations calculated by the processor 40, the controller 30 adjusts the phase shifter 24 of each antenna 22 for correction. For example, by Figure 5D The phase distribution of the antenna array 20 after correction can make the main beam A of the antenna array 20 (see Figure 1 、 Figure 6 ) reaches a predetermined target angle (e.g., 41.05 degrees), wherein the phase of the first antenna 52 after correction according to another embodiment of the present invention is close to 60 degrees, and the phase of the second antenna 54 after correction according to another embodiment of the present invention is close to 60 degrees.

[0076] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating phase changes before and after correction according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] In one embodiment, if Figure 6 As shown, the X-axis is the beam angle of the antenna array 20, and the Y-axis is the size of the array factor (ArrayFactor), in dB. Figures 5A-5D The antenna array 20 is composed of 256 (16×16) antennas 22. The beam 62 of the antenna array 20 before correction is as follows: Figure 6 To make the main beam A reach the predetermined target angle (e.g., 41.05 degrees), the controller 30 adjusts the angle of the phase shifter 24 of each antenna 22. At the same time, based on the condition that the side lobe level is below -30dB, the controller 30 adjusts the attenuator 26 of each antenna 22. The corrected beam 64 of the antenna array 20 is shown as follows: Figure 6 At the same time, the corrected beam 64 may have a maximum sidelobe 66 that is less than -30 dB. The above sidelobe setting of -30 dB is for example only and does not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0078] For any antenna array, the present invention can adjust the phase change and amplitude change of each antenna in the antenna array, as well as the total power of the antenna array, and substitute the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations to obtain a real number solution, that is, to obtain the initial amplitude and initial phase of each antenna, thereby achieving rapid calibration of the antenna array. If the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations cannot obtain a real number solution, the present invention further adjusts the phase of each antenna in the antenna array to another random angle until the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations obtain a real number solution, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of antenna calibration. In other words, the present invention can properly calibrate the antenna array with low operational complexity.

Claims

1. An antenna array calibration device, applied to an antenna array comprising multiple antennas, comprising: a processor for analyzing and calculating whether a real solution exists for the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations; and A controller controls the antennas to adjust from an initial phase to a random phase, and controls the antennas to adjust from an initial amplitude to a maximum amplitude; in, The processor calculates a phase change for the random phase based on the initial phase adjustment, and calculates an amplitude change for the maximum amplitude based on the initial amplitude adjustment, and substitutes the phase change, the amplitude change, and the total power of the antenna array into the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations; If the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations have real number solutions, the controller obtains the initial amplitudes and initial phases of the antennas and corrects the phase of the antenna array; as well as If the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations do not have a real number solution, the controller controls the antennas to adjust to another random phase different from the random phase, and the processor recalculates the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations according to the another random phase to obtain a real number solution.

2. The antenna array calibration device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of phase shifters and a plurality of active elements, wherein each of the antennas is coupled to a corresponding one of the phase shifters and a corresponding one of the active elements.

3. The antenna array calibration device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the controller controls the antennas to adjust from an initial phase to a random phase by: the controller controls the phase shifters to adjust the antennas from the initial phase to the random phase.

4. The antenna array calibration device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the controller controls the antennas to adjust to another random phase different from the random phase by: the controller controls the phase shifters to adjust the antennas to the another random phase different from the random phase.

5. The antenna array calibration device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the controller controls the antennas to adjust from an initial amplitude to a maximum amplitude by: the controller controls the active elements to adjust the antennas from the initial amplitude to the maximum amplitude.

6. The antenna array calibration device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the active elements further comprise at least one of a digital attenuator (DSA), an analog attenuator (VVA), an operational amplifier, and a variable gain amplifier (VGA). 7 . The antenna array calibration device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the antenna array further comprises: the antennas are arranged in one dimension or two dimensions in the antenna array.

8. An antenna array calibration method, applied to an antenna array, the antenna array comprising a plurality of antennas, a plurality of phase shifters, and a plurality of active elements, wherein each of the antennas is coupled to a corresponding one of the phase shifters and a corresponding one of the active elements, the antenna array calibration method comprising the following steps: Measuring the total power of the antenna array; controlling the active elements so that the antennas are adjusted from an initial amplitude to a maximum amplitude; controlling the phase shifters so that the antennas are adjusted from initial phases to random phases; Calculating a phase change based on the initial phase adjustment to the random phase, and calculating an amplitude change based on the initial amplitude adjustment to the maximum amplitude, and substituting the phase change, the amplitude change, and the total power of the antenna array into simultaneous amplitude-phase equations to calculate whether the simultaneous amplitude-phase equations have a real number solution; If the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations have real solutions, the initial amplitudes and initial phases of the antennas are obtained, and the phase of the antenna array is corrected; as well as If the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations do not have a real number solution, the phase shifter is controlled to adjust the phase of the antenna array to another random phase different from the random phase, and the amplitude-phase simultaneous equations are recalculated according to the other random phase to obtain a real number solution.

9. The antenna array calibration method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the active elements further comprise at least one of a digital attenuator (DSA), an analog attenuator (VVA), an operational amplifier, and a variable gain amplifier (VGA). 10 . The antenna array calibration method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the antenna array further comprises: the antennas are arranged in one dimension or two dimensions in the antenna array.

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