Method and apparatus for determining hydraulic connection between subterranean aquifers

Abstract

The application provides a method and device for determining hydraulic connection between underground aquifers, and the method comprises the following steps: determining first hydraulic connection information according to a test index contained in a detection aquifer, the first hydraulic connection information being used for representing a first aspect hydraulic connection between the detection aquifer and other aquifers, the test index comprising a physical index and a chemical index; determining second hydraulic connection information according to an isotope contained in the detection aquifer, the second hydraulic connection information being used for representing a second aspect hydraulic connection between the detection aquifer and other aquifers; and determining final hydraulic connection information according to the first hydraulic connection information and the second hydraulic connection information. By adding the test index and the isotope into consideration respectively, the accuracy and efficiency of hydraulic connection analysis are greatly improved through comprehensive analysis of the hydraulic connection, thereby solving the problem of low efficiency of determining the hydraulic connection in the prior art.

Description

Methods and apparatus for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of underground water connection technology, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, computer-readable storage medium, and electronic device for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic connectivity refers to the hydrodynamic connection between different aquifers or between groundwater and surface water. The hydraulic connectivity between groundwater aquifers is crucial for mining development. For example, as mining depth increases, the impact of groundwater on coal seam extraction also grows. Furthermore, faults, poorly sealed boreholes, and karst collapse columns may exist between aquifers, creating hydraulic connections between different water-bearing aquifers and increasing the risk of mine water inrush. Therefore, analyzing the hydraulic connectivity between different water-bearing aquifers in a mine is of paramount importance.

[0003] The existing scheme is as follows: Time-shift transient electromagnetic sounding (TSS) is used to establish profile points along a designed survey line within the study area. Transient electromagnetic signals are measured at each coordinate on the profile to obtain the electromagnetic response characteristics of groundwater distribution before changes in groundwater migration. Then, pumping boreholes and observation wells are established based on the hydrogeological conditions of the study area. Initial groundwater levels are observed in both the pumping and observation wells. A pumping test is then conducted on the selected aquifer in the pumping borehole. After the water level stabilizes, the water levels in both the pumping and observation wells are recorded. The TSS is then used again along the designed survey line to obtain the electromagnetic response characteristics of groundwater distribution after changes in groundwater migration. Finally, by analyzing the differences between the two electromagnetic response characteristics and using the water levels in the pumping and observation wells as constraints, the data processing results are corrected to construct a three-dimensional model of groundwater migration within the study area. Based on this three-dimensional model, the mutual recharge relationship between groundwater aquifers can be predicted.

[0004] The existing scheme uses transient electromagnetic sounding technology, which is expensive, complex to operate, costly, and has low efficiency in determining hydraulic connections. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this application is to provide a method, apparatus, computer-readable storage medium, and electronic device for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers, so as to at least solve the problem of low efficiency in determining hydraulic connections in existing methods.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of this application, a method for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers is provided. The method includes: determining first hydraulic connection information based on test indicators contained in the tested aquifer, the first hydraulic connection information being used to characterize a first aspect of the hydraulic connection between the tested aquifer and other aquifers, the test indicators including physical and chemical indicators; determining second hydraulic connection information based on isotopes contained in the tested aquifer, the second hydraulic connection information being used to characterize a second aspect of the hydraulic connection between the tested aquifer and the other aquifers; and determining final hydraulic connection information based on the first and second hydraulic connection information, the final hydraulic connection information being used to characterize the comprehensive hydraulic connection between the tested aquifer and the other aquifers.

[0007] Optionally, the chemical properties include total dissolved solids and Na. + K + Ca 2+ Mg 2+ Cl － SO4 2－ NO 3－ ,Br － I － CO3 2－ and HCO 3－ The physical indicators include: dissolved oxygen, temperature, and redox potential. Based on the test indicators contained in the detected water layer, the first hydraulic connection information is determined, including: determining the expected value of each test indicator based on the analytical data of each test indicator contained in the detected water layer. The analytical data is used for characterization. The test indicators include Na. + Content and K + Content; based on the analytical data of each test indicator contained in the detected water layer and the expected value of each test indicator, determine the standard deviation of each test indicator; based on the analytical data of each test indicator contained in the detected water layer, the expected value of each test indicator, and the standard deviation of each test indicator, determine the standardized indicators; based on the standardized indicators, determine multiple indicator correlation coefficients, which are used to characterize the degree of correlation between any two indicators; construct a classification tree diagram based on all the indicator correlation coefficients, and determine the first hydraulic connection information based on the classification tree diagram, which is used to characterize the connection between the indicators.

[0008] Optionally, based on the analytical data of each of the test indicators contained in the detected water layer, the expected value of each test indicator is determined, including:

[0009] according to Determine the expected value of each test metric, where x ijThe analytical data for the j-th index of the i-th sample. Let be the expected value of the j-th indicator, and n be the number of samples.

[0010] Optionally, based on the analytical data of each of the test indicators contained in the detected water layer and the expected values ​​of each of the test indicators, the standard deviation of each test indicator is determined, including:

[0011] according to Determine the standard deviation of each test indicator, where x ij The analytical data for the j-th index of the i-th sample. Let S be the expected value of the j-th index, n be the number of samples, and S be the expected value of the j-th index. j Let be the standard deviation of the j-th indicator.

[0012] Optionally, based on the analytical data of each of the test indicators contained in the detected water layer, the expected value of each of the test indicators, and the standard deviation of each of the test indicators, the standardized indicators are determined, including:

[0013] according to Determine the standardized indicators, where x ij The analytical data for the j-th index of the i-th sample. Z represents the expected value of the j-th index, where n is the number of samples. ij The standardized index S of the j-th sample (i-th sample) j Let be the standard deviation of the j-th indicator.

[0014] Optionally, based on the standardized indicators, multiple correlation coefficients are determined, wherein the correlation coefficients characterize the correlation between any two indicators, including:

[0015] according to Determine the correlation coefficients of multiple indicators, where n is the number of samples and Z is the number of samples. ij Z, the standardized index of the j-th sample. ik The standardized i-th sample is measured with k index transformed data, where k is the k-th index calculated for the i-th sample.

[0016] Optionally, based on the isotopes contained in the detected water layer, the second hydraulic connection information is determined, including:

[0017] According to δD=δ 18 O+A and d=δD-δ 18 O, determine the deuterium excess parameters, where A is a constant, δ is the degree of hydraulic connection, and D is the deuterium content. 18 O represents the content of oxygen-18, and d represents the excess parameter of deuterium;

[0018] The second hydraulic connection information is determined based on the deuterium excess parameter.

[0019] According to another aspect of this application, a device for determining hydraulic connections is provided. The device includes a first determining unit, a second determining unit, and a third determining unit. The first determining unit is configured to determine first hydraulic connection information based on test indicators contained in the detected water layer. The first hydraulic connection information characterizes the connection between the detected water layer and other water layers as determined by the test indicators, wherein the test indicators include physical and chemical indicators. The second determining unit is configured to determine second hydraulic connection information based on isotopes contained in the detected water layer. The second hydraulic connection information characterizes the connection between the detected water layer and other water layers as determined by the isotopes contained in the detected water layer. The third determining unit is configured to determine final hydraulic connection information based on the first and second hydraulic connection information. The final hydraulic connection information characterizes the connection between the detected water layer and the other water layers.

[0020] According to another aspect of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device on which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform any of the described hydraulic connection determination methods.

[0021] According to another aspect of this application, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device including one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including a method for performing any of the described hydraulic connections determination methods.

[0022] By applying the technical solution of this application, and by incorporating test indicators and isotopes into the analysis of hydraulic connections, the accuracy and efficiency of hydraulic connection analysis are greatly improved, thereby solving the problem of low efficiency in determining hydraulic connections in existing schemes. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 shows a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for performing a method for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 shows a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the linear correlation line (atmospheric precipitation line) between the hydrogen and oxygen isotope composition of regional atmospheric precipitation.

[0027] Figure 4 shows a structural block diagram of a device for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0028] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0031] As described in the background section, existing solutions employ transient electromagnetic sounding technology, which involves expensive equipment, complex operation, high costs, and low efficiency in determining hydraulic connections. To address the problem of low efficiency in determining hydraulic connections in existing solutions, embodiments of this application provide a method, apparatus, computer-readable storage medium, and electronic device for determining hydraulic connections between underground aquifers.

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] The methods and embodiments provided in this application can be executed in a mobile terminal, computer terminal, or similar computing device. Taking a mobile terminal as an example, FIG1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for a method of determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG1, the mobile terminal may include one or more (only one is shown in FIG1) processors 102 (processors 102 may include, but are not limited to, microprocessors MCU or programmable logic devices FPGA, etc.) and a memory 104 for storing data. The mobile terminal may also include a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input / output device 108. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in FIG1 is only illustrative and does not limit the structure of the mobile terminal. For example, the mobile terminal may also include more or fewer components than shown in FIG1, or have a different configuration than shown in FIG1.

[0034] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, such as application software programs and modules, like the computer program corresponding to the device information display method in this embodiment of the invention. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, thereby implementing the above-described method. The memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 104 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories can be connected to the mobile terminal via a network. Examples of the aforementioned networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof. The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the aforementioned networks may include wireless networks provided by the mobile terminal's communication provider. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a network interface controller (NIC), which can be connected to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission device 106 may be a radio frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0035] This embodiment provides a method for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers running on a mobile terminal, computer terminal or similar computing device. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Also, although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0036] Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2, the method includes the following steps:

[0037] Step S201: Determine the first hydraulic connection information based on the test indicators contained in the detected water layer. The first hydraulic connection information is used to characterize the first aspect of hydraulic connection between the detected water layer and other water layers. The test indicators include physical indicators and chemical indicators.

[0038] The above chemical properties include total dissolved solids and Na. + K + Ca 2+ Mg 2+ Cl － SO4 2－ NO 3－ ,Br － I － CO3 2－ and HCO 3－ The aforementioned physical parameters include: dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature (T), and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of wastewater.

[0039] This process involves obtaining groundwater samples (including multiple parallel samples) from different aquifers in different measurement areas. The water samples are stored in clean sample bottles to prevent contamination. Then, the physical and chemical properties of the groundwater are measured. Chemical properties include dissolved ions in the water, such as total dissolved solids (TDS) and sodium. + K + Ca2 + Mg2 + Cl － SO4 2－ NO3, Br － I － CO3 2－ and HCO3 － The chemical detection methods for the chemical ions themselves are conventional methods. The physical indicators include: dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature (T), and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in the wastewater.

[0040] Step S201 includes the following steps: (i.e., using cluster analysis to perform cluster analysis on the above-mentioned main water component chemical ion indicators, using data of water chemical indicators measured in the laboratory and physical indicators measured on-site as the raw data for cluster analysis; firstly, before analysis, the data needs to be standardized so that the standardized data follows a standard normal distribution; if the j-th indicator of the i-th sample becomes Z...) ij Standardization processing follows formulas 1, 2, 3, and 4:

[0041] Step S2011: Based on the analytical data of the aforementioned test indicators contained in the detected water layer, determine the expected value of each test indicator. The analytical data is used for characterization. The test indicators include Na. + Content and K + content;

[0042] In one embodiment of this application, determining the expected value of each test indicator based on the analytical data of the aforementioned test indicators contained in the detected water layer includes:

[0043] According to Formula 1: Determine the expected value of each test metric, where x ij The above analysis data are for the j-th index of the i-th sample. Let be the expected value of the j-th indicator, and n be the number of samples.

[0044] Step S2012: Based on the analysis data of each of the above-mentioned test indicators contained in the water layer and the expected values ​​of each of the above-mentioned test indicators, determine the standard deviation of each test indicator.

[0045] In one embodiment of this application, the standard deviation of each test index is determined based on the analytical data of each of the aforementioned test indicators contained in the detected water layer and the expected values ​​of each of the aforementioned test indicators, including:

[0046] According to formula 2: Determine the standard deviation of each test indicator, where x ij The above analysis data are for the j-th index of the i-th sample. Let S be the expected value of the j-th index, n be the number of samples, and S be the expected value of the j-th index. j Let be the standard deviation of the j-th indicator.

[0047] Specifically, obtaining the standard deviation facilitates subsequent hydraulic relationship calculations.

[0048] Step S2013: Based on the analysis data of each of the above-mentioned test indicators contained in the above-mentioned water layer, the expected value of each of the above-mentioned test indicators, and the standard deviation of each of the above-mentioned test indicators, determine the standardized indicators.

[0049] Because different detection variables have different units, such as temperature and oxygen content, and their absolute values ​​also differ, directly performing cluster analysis can affect the results. Therefore, it is necessary to standardize the original data to make it dimensionless and comparable. This makes the analysis results more accurate and reliable.

[0050] In one embodiment of this application, the standardized indicators are determined based on the analytical data of each of the aforementioned test indicators contained in the detected water layer, the expected value of each of the aforementioned test indicators, and the standard deviation of each of the aforementioned test indicators, including:

[0051] According to formula 3: Determine the standardized versions of the above indicators, where x ij The above analysis data are for the j-th index of the i-th sample. Z represents the expected value of the j-th index, where n is the number of samples. ij The standardized index S of the j-th sample (i-th sample) j Let be the standard deviation of the j-th indicator.

[0052] Step S2014: Based on the standardized indicators mentioned above, determine multiple indicator correlation coefficients. These indicator correlation coefficients are used to characterize the degree of correlation between any two of the indicators.

[0053] In one embodiment of this application, multiple correlation coefficients are determined based on the standardized indicators described above. These correlation coefficients characterize the correlation between any two indicators, including:

[0054] According to formula 4: Determine the correlation coefficients of multiple indicators, where n is the number of samples and Z is the number of samples. ij Z, the standardized index of the j-th sample. ik The standardized i-th sample is measured with k index transformed data, where k is the k-th index calculated for the i-th sample.

[0055] Specifically, for example, if the correlation coefficient between two indicators exceeds the correlation coefficient threshold, then it is considered that there is a hydraulic connection between the two indicators.

[0056] Step S2015: Construct a classification tree diagram based on the correlation coefficients of all the above indicators, and determine the first hydraulic connection information based on the classification tree diagram. The classification tree diagram is used to characterize the connection between the above indicators.

[0057] Cluster analysis measures the similarity between variables based on the distance between them. The correlation coefficient is defined as the clustering of variables. The shortest distance method is chosen, and the correlation coefficient matrix is ​​derived by calculating the distance between each original cluster and the new cluster using a computer. This process is iterated until all objects are grouped into one cluster, ultimately producing a phylogenetic tree. Within the phylogenetic tree, classification lines are drawn using phenomenal analysis methods to discover the classification characteristics of different samples, thereby identifying the classification features of groundwater from different aquifers.

[0058] Based on classification characteristics, preliminary identification of hydraulic connections between groundwater aquifers was made. Specifically, if samples from different aquifers showed high similarity and were grouped into one or more groups, then the reservoirs containing aquifers in the same group were hydraulically connected. Conversely, if samples from different aquifers showed low similarity and were not in the same group, it indicated that the reservoir containing the salt field did not have a hydraulic connection.

[0059] Step S202: Based on the isotopes contained in the detected water layer, determine the second hydraulic connection information. The second hydraulic connection information is used to characterize the second aspect of hydraulic connection between the detected water layer and the other water layers.

[0060] In one embodiment of this application, determining the second hydraulic connection information based on the isotopes contained in the detected water layer includes:

[0061] According to δD=δ 18 O+A and d=δD-δ 18 O, determine the deuterium excess parameters, where A is a constant, δ is the degree of the aforementioned hydraulic connection, and D is the deuterium content. 18 O represents the content of oxygen-18, and d represents the excess parameter of deuterium;

[0062] Based on the aforementioned deuterium excess parameters, the second hydraulic connection information was determined.

[0063] The study area was divided into different zones, and water samples were collected from different aquifers for environmental isotope testing and comparison. The isotopes included D (deuterium). 18 O (oxygen-18) and T (tritium), the isotopes of which are known to be determined by methods such as mass spectrometry. Environmental isotopes serve as natural tracers to mark the formation process of groundwater, and their distribution patterns can reflect the formation, migration, and recharge patterns of groundwater, thereby revealing the hydraulic connections between groundwater aquifers.

[0064] Using stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes to test the δD and δ values ​​of water samples 18 By comprehensively comparing and analyzing the O value and the TU value of T (TU is the unit of tritium content), the hydraulic connection between different aquifers can be obtained.

[0065] If different aquifers have different δD values ​​and δ 18 If the O values ​​are similar or close, it indicates that there is a close hydraulic connection between the two and that they have the same source of water. If the difference between the above values ​​is large, the hydraulic connection is weak.

[0066] Additionally, as shown in Figure 3:

[0067] Using the precipitation line equation δD=8δ 18 O+1.0, and the deuterium excess parameter d=δD-δ 18O is used to characterize the hydraulic relationship of isotopes, where d equals 1.0% means that the δ value falls exactly on the precipitation line, while d less than 1.0% means that the δ value falls to the lower right of the precipitation line, and d greater than 1.0% means that the δ value falls to the upper left of the precipitation line. The smaller the d value, the longer the water stays in the aquifer and the slower the groundwater runoff velocity; thus, it indirectly explains the relationship between this aquifer and other aquifers as well as atmospheric precipitation recharge.

[0068] Tritium (T) exists in water as HTO (HTO is the form in which tritium exists in water, called tritium water), with a half-life of 12.43 years. It is generally believed that T can determine the age of water up to 60 years and can be used to evaluate the hydraulic connection between groundwater in mining areas.

[0069] Groundwater formed before 1953 is generally referred to as "ancient water," groundwater formed between 1953 and 1963 is referred to as "new water," and groundwater formed after 1963 is referred to as "modern water" or "recent water" because nuclear testing decreased after 1963, and therefore tritium levels also decreased.

[0070] The tritium (T) content is less than 0.8 TU, indicating that the ancient water supply occurred before 1953.

[0071] The tritium (T) content ranges from 0.8 to 4 TU, indicating a mixture of ancient and recent water.

[0072] The tritium (T) content is between 5 and 15 TU, and it is considered modern water (5-10 years old).

[0073] The tritium (T) content is between 15 and 30 TU, containing 3H from nuclear tritium;

[0074] The tritium content is greater than 30 TU, and most of it comes from supplies in the 1960s;

[0075] The tritium content is greater than 50 TU, mainly due to replenishment in the 1960s.

[0076] Step S203: Based on the first hydraulic connection information and the second hydraulic connection information, determine the final hydraulic connection information. The final hydraulic connection information is used to characterize the comprehensive hydraulic connection between the detected water layer and the other water layers.

[0077] For example, if the first hydraulic connection information is that aquifer A is connected to aquifer B, and the second hydraulic connection information is that aquifer A is connected to aquifer C, then the final hydraulic connection information is that aquifer A is connected to both aquifer B and aquifer C.

[0078] Through the above embodiments, by incorporating test indicators and isotopes into the analysis, and finally conducting a comprehensive analysis of hydraulic connections, the accuracy and efficiency of hydraulic connection analysis are greatly improved, thereby solving the problem of low efficiency in determining hydraulic connections in existing schemes.

[0079] For example:

[0080] Hydrochemical characterization analysis indicates that the Quaternary aquifer groundwater in the mining area is primarily of the HCO3-Na, Ca type or HCO3-Na, HCO3-Ca, HCO3-Mg type (a classification method based on hydrochemical composition, mainly named according to the major ion components with a content greater than 25%). The Cretaceous aquifer water is primarily of the HCO3-Na, HCO3, SO4-Na, and HCO3-Na, HCO3-Ca type. This suggests a close hydraulic connection between the two types.

[0081] Compared to the Cretaceous aquifers, the salinity of the groundwater in the roof of the first coal seam is significantly higher, and the hydrochemical type is significantly more complex. The main hydrochemical types are HCO3-SO4-Na and SO4-HCO3-Na water, followed by HCO3-Na and SO4-Na water. The dominant hydrochemical type is HCO3-SO4-Na. － The relative decrease in milligram equivalents, SO4 2－ The milligram equivalent is relatively increased. Therefore, the Cretaceous strata and the aquifers on the roof of the coal seam also show no hydraulic connection in terms of hydrochemistry.

[0082] The mineralization of the groundwater in the first coal seam roof and the aquifer between the coal seams is similar (the latter is slightly higher), and the hydrochemical types are similar, both being mainly HCO3-SO4-Na and SO4-HCO3-Na water. Furthermore, the difference in groundwater level between the first coal seam roof and the aquifer between the two is small, the isotope morphology is similar, and the groundwater flow direction and hydraulic gradient are generally consistent. In addition, the distance between them is relatively short, indicating that the formation conditions of the groundwater in the first coal seam roof and the aquifer between the two are similar. Therefore, a hydraulic connection cannot be proven. In most boreholes in the mining area, the mineralization of the groundwater in the first coal seam roof and the aquifer between the two is relatively large, indicating that the overall hydraulic connection between the two is not close.

[0083] Isotopic characterization analysis indicates that the shallow groundwater in the mining area (Quaternary and bedrock weathering zone water) is rich in tritium and high in... 14 Characterized by its carbon content, its tritium concentration is mostly greater than 5 TU. 14 A carbon content greater than 60 indicates modern water recharge; while medium and deep groundwater is characterized by low tritium content and low... 14 Characterized by its C content, its tritium concentration is less than 5 TU. 14 A carbon content of less than 60 indicates water replenishment during geological history, with limited modern water supply. The tritium content in water from the Cretaceous bedrock weathering zone is related to... 14The carbon content is similar to that of Quaternary waters, but the estimated age is slightly older than that of Quaternary waters; for example, δ 18 O and δD are similar to those of Quaternary groundwater. Jurassic aquifers 14 The relatively low carbon content indicates a relatively high estimated age for the groundwater. The different formation ages of the groundwater, as revealed by groundwater isotopes, suggest a lack of hydraulic connection.

[0084] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this application, the implementation process of the method for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0085] This embodiment relates to a specific method for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers, including the following steps:

[0086] Step S1: Obtain groundwater samples from different testing areas and measure on-site physical indicators;

[0087] Step S2: Principal component analysis was used to select the main water chemical ion indicators, and the chemical indicators of the sample were measured.

[0088] Step S3: Use hierarchical cluster analysis to perform cluster analysis on the above-mentioned main water component chemical ion indicators. Based on the clustering results, make a preliminary identification of the hydraulic connection between groundwater in different measurement areas (corresponding to step S201 above, which will not be repeated here).

[0089] Step S4: Determine the content of environmental isotopes in the above water samples. Based on the content of environmental isotopes, determine the secondary identification of hydraulic connections between aquifers in different measurement areas (corresponding to step S202 above, which will not be repeated here).

[0090] Step S5: Combining preliminary identification and secondary identification, comprehensively determine the hydraulic connection between groundwater aquifers (corresponding to step S203 above, which will not be repeated here).

[0091] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0092] This application also provides an apparatus for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers. It should be noted that this apparatus can be used to execute the method for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers provided in this application. This apparatus is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0093] The following describes the device for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0094] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of a device for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4, the device includes a first determining unit 41, a second determining unit 42, and a third determining unit 43. The first determining unit 41 is used to determine first hydraulic connection information based on test indicators contained in the detected aquifer. The first hydraulic connection information is used to characterize the connection between the detected aquifer and other aquifers as determined by the test indicators contained in the detected aquifer. The test indicators include physical indicators and chemical indicators. The second determining unit 42 is used to determine second hydraulic connection information based on isotopes contained in the detected aquifer. The second hydraulic connection information is used to characterize the connection between the detected aquifer and other aquifers as determined by the isotopes contained in the detected aquifer. The third determining unit 43 is used to determine final hydraulic connection information based on the first and second hydraulic connection information. The final hydraulic connection information is used to characterize the connection between the detected aquifer and other aquifers.

[0095] The aforementioned device, by incorporating test indicators and isotopes into the analysis, and then conducting a comprehensive analysis of the hydraulic connections, greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of hydraulic connection analysis, thereby solving the problem of low efficiency in determining hydraulic connections in existing schemes.

[0096] In one embodiment of this application, the aforementioned chemical properties include total dissolved solids and Na. + K + Ca 2+ Mg 2+ Cl － SO4 2－ NO 3－ ,Br － I － CO3 2－ and HCO 3－The aforementioned physical indicators include: dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature (T), and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP). The first determining unit includes a first determining module, a second determining module, a third determining module, a fourth determining module, and a fifth determining module. The first determining module is used to determine the expected values ​​of each test indicator based on the analytical data of the aforementioned test indicators contained in the detected water layer. The analytical data is used for characterization. The aforementioned test indicators include Na. + Content and K + The first determination module is used to determine the content of each of the above-mentioned test indicators based on the analytical data and expected values ​​of each of the above-mentioned test indicators contained in the above-mentioned water layer. The second determination module is used to determine the standard deviation of each of the above-mentioned test indicators based on the analytical data, expected values, and standard deviations of each of the above-mentioned test indicators contained in the above-mentioned water layer. The fourth determination module is used to determine the correlation coefficients of multiple indicators based on the above-mentioned standardized indicators. The correlation coefficients are used to characterize the degree of correlation between any two of the above-mentioned indicators. The fifth determination module is used to construct a classification tree diagram based on all the correlation coefficients of the above-mentioned indicators and determine the first hydraulic connection information based on the classification tree diagram. The classification tree diagram is used to characterize the connection between the above-mentioned indicators.

[0097] In one embodiment of this application, the first determining module includes a first determining submodule;

[0098] The first determining submodule is used to determine based on Determine the expected value of each test metric, where x ij The above analysis data are for the j-th index of the i-th sample. Let be the expected value of the j-th indicator, and n be the number of samples.

[0099] In one embodiment of this application, the second determining module includes a second determining submodule;

[0100] The second determining submodule is used to determine based on Determine the standard deviation of each test indicator, where x ij The above analysis data are for the j-th index of the i-th sample. Let S be the expected value of the j-th index, n be the number of samples, and S be the expected value of the j-th index. j Let be the standard deviation of the j-th indicator.

[0101] In one embodiment of this application, the third determining module includes a third determining submodule;

[0102] The third determination submodule is used to determine based on Determine the standardized versions of the above indicators, where x ij The above analysis data are for the j-th index of the i-th sample. Z represents the expected value of the j-th index, where n is the number of samples. ij The standardized index S of the j-th sample (i-th sample) j Let be the standard deviation of the j-th indicator.

[0103] In one embodiment of this application, the fourth determining module includes a fourth determining submodule;

[0104] The fourth determination submodule is used to determine based on Determine the correlation coefficients of multiple indicators, where n is the number of samples and Z is the number of samples. ij Z, the standardized index of the j-th sample. ik The standardized i-th sample is measured with k index transformed data, where k is the k-th index calculated for the i-th sample.

[0105] In one embodiment of this application, the second determining unit includes a sixth determining unit and a seventh determining unit;

[0106] The sixth determining unit is used based on δD = δ 18 O+A and d=δD-δ 18 O, determine the deuterium excess parameters, where A is a constant, δ is the degree of the aforementioned hydraulic connection, and D is the deuterium content. 18 O represents the content of oxygen-18, and d represents the excess parameter of deuterium;

[0107] The seventh determining unit is used to determine the second hydraulic connection information based on the above-mentioned deuterium excess parameters.

[0108] The device for determining the hydraulic connections between the aforementioned underground aquifers includes a processor and a memory. The first determining unit, the second determining unit, and the third determining unit are all stored as program units in the memory. The processor executes these program units stored in the memory to achieve the corresponding functions. All of the above modules are located in the same processor; alternatively, the modules may be located in different processors in any combination.

[0109] The processor contains a kernel, which retrieves the corresponding program unit from memory. One or more kernels can be configured, and adjusting kernel parameters can address the problem of low efficiency in determining hydraulic connections using existing methods.

[0110] The memory may include non-permanent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0111] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform a method for determining the hydraulic connection between the underground aquifers.

[0112] This invention provides a processor for running a program, wherein the program executes a method for determining the hydraulic connection between the underground aquifers.

[0113] This invention provides a device including a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it performs at least the following steps: determining first hydraulic connection information based on test indicators of the detected water layer, wherein the first hydraulic connection information characterizes a first aspect of hydraulic connection between the detected water layer and other water layers, and the test indicators include physical and chemical indicators; determining second hydraulic connection information based on isotopes contained in the detected water layer, wherein the second hydraulic connection information characterizes a second aspect of hydraulic connection between the detected water layer and the other water layers; and determining final hydraulic connection information based on the first and second hydraulic connection information, wherein the final hydraulic connection information characterizes the comprehensive hydraulic connection between the detected water layer and the other water layers. The device described herein may be a server, PC, PAD, mobile phone, etc.

[0114] This application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is suitable for executing an initialization program having at least the following method steps: determining first hydraulic connection information based on test indicators contained in the detected water layer, the first hydraulic connection information being used to characterize a first aspect of hydraulic connection between the detected water layer and other water layers, the test indicators including physical indicators and chemical indicators; determining second hydraulic connection information based on isotopes contained in the detected water layer, the second hydraulic connection information being used to characterize a second aspect of hydraulic connection between the detected water layer and the other water layers; and determining final hydraulic connection information based on the first hydraulic connection information and the second hydraulic connection information, the final hydraulic connection information being used to characterize the comprehensive hydraulic connection between the detected water layer and the other water layers.

[0115] This application also provides an electronic device including one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include a method for performing any of the above-described hydraulic connections determination methods.

[0116] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented using computer-executable program code, and thus can be stored in a storage device for execution by a computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than those described herein, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0117] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0118] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowchart illustrations and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0119] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0120] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus, provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0121] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0122] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0123] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0124] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0125] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects:

[0126] 1) The method for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers in this application, by incorporating test indicators and isotopes into the analysis of hydraulic connection and then conducting a comprehensive analysis, greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of hydraulic connection analysis, thereby solving the problem of low efficiency in determining hydraulic connection in existing schemes.

[0127] 2) The device for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers in this application, by incorporating test indicators and isotopes into the analysis of hydraulic connection and then conducting a comprehensive analysis, greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of hydraulic connection analysis, thereby solving the problem of low efficiency in determining hydraulic connection in existing schemes.

[0128] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for determining the hydraulic connection between underground aquifers, characterized in that, include: Based on the test indicators contained in the detected water layer, a first hydraulic connection information is determined, which is used to characterize the first aspect of the hydraulic connection between the detected water layer and other water layers. The test indicators include physical indicators and chemical indicators. Based on the isotopes contained in the detected water layer, a second hydraulic connection information is determined, which is used to characterize the second aspect of the hydraulic connection between the detected water layer and the other water layers. Based on the first hydraulic connection information and the second hydraulic connection information, the final hydraulic connection information is determined, and the final hydraulic connection information is used to characterize the comprehensive hydraulic connection between the detected water layer and the other water layers; The chemical indicators include dissolved ions in water, specifically: total dissolved solids, Na+, and so on. + Ca 2+ Mg 2+ Cl － SO4 2－ NO 3－ ,Br － I － CO3 2－ and HCO 3－ The physical indicators include: dissolved oxygen, temperature, and redox potential. Based on the test indicators contained in the detected water layer, the first hydraulic connection information is determined, including: determining the expected value of each test indicator based on the analysis data of each test indicator contained in the detected water layer. The test indicators include Na. + Content and K + Content; based on the analytical data of each test indicator contained in the detected water layer and the expected value of each test indicator, determine the standard deviation of each test indicator; based on the analytical data of each test indicator contained in the detected water layer, the expected value of each test indicator, and the standard deviation of each test indicator, determine the standardized indicators; based on the standardized indicators, determine multiple indicator correlation coefficients, which are used to characterize the degree of correlation between any two indicators; construct a classification tree diagram based on all the indicator correlation coefficients, and determine the first hydraulic connection information based on the classification tree diagram, which is used to characterize the connection between the indicators.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the analysis data of the various test indicators contained in the detected water layer, the expected value of each test indicator is determined, including: based on Determine the expected values ​​for each test metric, among which, For the first The first sample The analytical data of each indicator, For the first Expectations for each indicator This represents the number of samples.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the analytical data of each test index contained in the detected water layer and the expected value of each test index, the standard deviation of each test index is determined, including: based on Determine the standard deviation of each test indicator, among which, For the first The first sample The analytical data of each indicator, For the first Expectations for each indicator For the number of samples, For the first The standard deviation of each indicator.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the analytical data of each test index contained in the detected water layer, the expected value of each test index, and the standard deviation of each test index, the standardized indexes are determined, including: based on... Determine the standardized indicators, among which, For the first The first sample The analytical data of each indicator, For the first Expectations for each indicator For the number of samples, Standardized The first sample One indicator, For the first The standard deviation of each indicator.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the standardized indicators, multiple correlation coefficients are determined. These correlation coefficients characterize the correlation between any two indicators, including: based on... To determine the correlation coefficients of multiple indicators, among which, For the number of samples, Standardized The first sample One indicator, Standardized Each sample was measured Data after indicator transformation For the first The first sample calculated One indicator.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Based on the isotopes contained in the detected water layer, the second hydraulic connection information is determined, including: based on and Determine the deuterium excess parameters, among which, It is a constant. The degree of hydraulic connection, For the deuterium content, The content of oxygen 18, The deuterium excess parameter is used to determine the second hydraulic connection information based on the deuterium excess parameter.

7. A device for determining hydraulic connections, characterized in that, include: The first determining unit is used to determine first hydraulic connection information based on test indicators contained in the detected water layer. The first hydraulic connection information is used to characterize the connection between the detected water layer and other water layers as determined by the test indicators contained in the detected water layer. The test indicators include physical indicators and chemical indicators. The second determining unit is used to determine second hydraulic connection information based on the isotopes contained in the detected water layer. The second hydraulic connection information is used to characterize the connection between the detected water layer and the other water layers as determined by the isotopes contained in the detected water layer. The third determining unit is used to determine the final hydraulic connection information based on the first hydraulic connection information and the second hydraulic connection information. The final hydraulic connection information is used to characterize the connection between the detected water layer and the other water layers. The chemical indicators include dissolved ions in water, specifically: total dissolved solids, Na+, and so on. + Ca 2+ Mg 2+ Cl － SO4 2－ NO 3－ ,Br － I － CO3 2－ and HCO 3－ The physical indicators include: dissolved oxygen, temperature, and oxidation-reduction potential. The first determining unit includes a first determining module, a second determining module, a third determining module, a fourth determining module, and a fifth determining module. The first determining module is used to determine the expected value of each test indicator based on the analytical data of each test indicator contained in the detected water layer. The test indicators include Na. + Content and K + The content; the second determining module is used to determine the standard deviation of each test index based on the analytical data of each test index contained in the detected water layer and the expected value of each test index; the third determining module is used to determine the standardized index based on the analytical data of each test index contained in the detected water layer, the expected value of each test index, and the standard deviation of each test index; the fourth determining module is used to determine multiple index correlation coefficients based on the standardized indexes, the index correlation coefficients being used to characterize the degree of correlation between any two indexes; the fifth determining module is used to construct a classification tree diagram based on all the index correlation coefficients, and determine the first hydraulic connection information based on the classification tree diagram, the classification tree diagram being used to characterize the connection between each index.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform the method for determining hydraulic connections as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including a method for performing the determination of hydraulic connections as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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