A low-profile broadband antenna and a method for covering a target bandwidth by using dual-mode fusion
By setting short-circuit columns on the dielectric substrate of the antenna, loading parasitic patches and grooves, and using magnetic coupling and feeding semi-ring slots to achieve dual-mode fusion, the problem of difficulty in covering wide bands in low profiles is solved, and wider bandwidth and lower profile height are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202310121086.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-02-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-02-15
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to cover wider frequency bands with low antenna profiles, especially in the 5G N77 band (3.3-4.2GHz).
A low-profile broadband antenna is designed to achieve dual-mode fusion by setting short-circuit columns on the dielectric substrate, loading parasitic patches and grooves, and using magnetic coupling and feeding semi-ring slots to achieve dual-mode fusion, forming 4 resonance points to cover the target bandwidth.
It achieves a wide bandwidth covering at a lower profile height, the antenna structure is simple and the materials are common, and it is suitable for terminal equipment with small spaces, and has strong structural stability and environmental stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN116111354B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of information and communication technologies, and particularly to a low-profile broadband antenna and a method for covering a target bandwidth by dual-mode fusion. Background Art
[0002] With the advent of 5G communication systems and the research and development of 6G communication systems, the demand for broadband antennas in mobile electronic devices is increasing day by day, and at the same time, higher requirements are placed on antenna performance and size. For terminal devices with strict restrictions on antenna size, the profile height and planar size of the antenna become key factors considered by antenna designers. Among them, the profile height of the antenna has a crucial impact on the bandwidth of the antenna. Generally speaking, the higher the profile height of the antenna, the wider the corresponding antenna bandwidth. Low-profile broadband miniaturized antennas will be widely used in ultra-thin models and models with limited space in the future. For the 5G N77 band (3.3 - 4.2 GHz), as Figure 6 shown, it is difficult to cover a wide frequency band with a low profile in the prior art. Summary of the Invention
[0003] In order to overcome the defects existing in the above prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-profile broadband antenna and a method for covering a target bandwidth by dual-mode fusion, so as to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to cover a wide frequency band with a low profile in the prior art.
[0004] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:
[0005] A low-profile broadband antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a metal floor, and a plurality of shorting posts; the plurality of shorting posts are arranged in a straight line and penetrate between the dielectric substrate and the metal floor. There is a gap between the dielectric substrate and the metal floor, and the gap is an air layer; wherein, the side of the dielectric substrate close to the metal floor is the back surface, and the side away from the metal floor is the front surface; a metal patch is laid on the front surface of the dielectric substrate for generating parasitic resonance points within two working modes of the corresponding antenna. The metal patch is divided into a parasitic patch and a main excitation patch on the dielectric substrate by a plurality of shorting posts; narrow side slots are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the front surface of the dielectric substrate with a plurality of shorting posts for the fusion of two working modes; a feeding half-ring slot is provided at the edge of the front surface of the dielectric substrate. A semi-circular ring patch is provided on the back surface of the dielectric substrate corresponding to the feeding half-ring slot on the front surface of the dielectric substrate. One end of the feeding post is arranged on the metal floor, and the other end extends through the semi-circular ring patch on the back surface of the dielectric substrate to the feeding half-ring slot on the front surface of the dielectric substrate.
[0006] Preferably, the shape of the dielectric substrate is a rectangular structure, and a plurality of shorting posts are arranged in a straight line along the center line of the dielectric substrate.
[0007] Preferably, the feeding post is arranged within the main excitation patch.
[0008] Preferably, the material of the dielectric substrate is FR-4, the dielectric constant is 4.4, the loss tangent value is 0.02, and the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.2 mm.
[0009] Preferably, the thickness of the air layer is 0.8 mm.
[0010] Preferably, the inner diameter of the half-ring slot at the feeding point is 1.5 mm and the width is 0.2 mm; the inner diameter of the semi-circular patch on the back of the substrate is 0.7 mm and the width is 3.5 mm.
[0011] Preferably, the materials of the metal floor, the metal patch and several shorting posts are all copper.
[0012] A method for covering a target bandwidth by dual-mode fusion, based on the low-profile broadband antenna according to any one of claims 1-7, includes the following steps:
[0013] Adjust the thicknesses of the dielectric substrate and the air layer to maintain the low-profile characteristics, and select the first two inherent characteristic modes of the half-mode patch antenna as the basic working modes for broadband fusion, that is, a single resonance point corresponds to a single working mode, and at this time, the resonance frequencies corresponding to the two characteristic modes are far apart;
[0014] Load parasitic patches beside the main excitation patch by means of magnetic coupling, so that a single characteristic mode generates double resonance points within the respective single resonance frequency band range, thereby broadening the working bandwidth of each mode;
[0015] Reduce the resonance frequency of the higher characteristic mode by grooving on the narrow side, thereby fusing the two characteristic modes, and achieve impedance matching through the feeding half-ring slot near the feeding post and the semi-circular ring patch loaded on the back of the dielectric substrate, and then generate 4 resonance points within the passband, finally covering the target bandwidth.
[0016] Preferably, the patch part directly fed by the feeding post is the main excitation patch, and the patch on the other side of several shorting posts in the middle of the dielectric substrate is the parasitic patch fed by coupling; several shorting posts in the middle are used as shunt inductors and are placed at the position with the maximum magnetic field of the main excitation patch, so that the antenna forms an overall layout in which two half-mode patches are connected in a mouth-to-mouth form.
[0017] Preferably, select the first two inherent characteristic modes of the half-mode patch antenna as the basic working modes for broadband fusion, and the two characteristic modes are TM 1 / 2,0 mode and TM 1 / 2,1 mode.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0019] The present invention provides a low-profile broadband antenna. By adding shorting posts on one side of the patch antenna and loading a parasitic patch on the side where the shorting posts are added, a patch antenna in magnetic coupling form is obtained. By adjusting the substrate thickness and the air layer height, the profile size is reduced while covering a relatively wide bandwidth range. Compared with traditional patch antennas, the bandwidth is wider, and when covering the same target bandwidth, the profile height of the antenna is lower. Compared with many current broadband patch antenna solutions, the antenna structure proposed by this technical solution is simpler, and the materials used are also relatively common, meeting the processing and design requirements of the industrial community. At the same time, this structure has strong structural stability and environmental stability, and is very suitable for current terminal devices with narrow and cramped space dimensions.
[0020] The present invention also provides a method for covering a target bandwidth by dual-mode fusion. Through a low-profile broadband antenna, a parasitic patch and a groove are implanted in the patch antenna to form an antenna solution for realizing broadband by dual-mode fusion. The implantation of the parasitic patch is to generate parasitic resonance points within the two operating modes of the corresponding antenna, and the groove is to realize the fusion of the two operating modes, so that there are 4 resonance points within the operating range of the antenna. Then, impedance matching is realized by etching a matching half-ring groove at the feeding point and a half-ring patch on the back, and finally the target bandwidth is covered, achieving the coverage of a wider bandwidth with a lower profile. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the low-profile broadband antenna in the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 It is a front view of the dielectric substrate in the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 It is a back view of the dielectric substrate in the present invention;
[0024] Figure 4 It is a front view of the structure of the metal floor in the present invention;
[0025] Figure 5 It is an S-parameter and efficiency image of the antenna simulation in the present invention;
[0026] Figure 6 It is an S-parameter and efficiency image of the simulation of the traditional patch antenna;
[0027] Figure 7 It is the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns corresponding to the 4 resonance points within the antenna frequency band in the present invention.
[0028] In the figure: 1 - shorting post; 2 - feeding post; 3 - metal patch; 4 - dielectric substrate; 5 - feeding half-ring groove; 6 - narrow-side groove; 7 - half-ring patch; 8 - metal floor. Detailed Embodiments
[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
[0032] The object of the present invention is to provide a low-profile broadband antenna and a method for covering a target bandwidth by dual-mode fusion, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to cover a relatively wide frequency band when the profile is relatively low.
[0033] Specifically, according to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown in the figure, the low-profile broadband antenna includes a dielectric substrate 4, a metal floor 8, and several shorting posts 1; the several shorting posts 1 are arranged in a straight line and are disposed through between the dielectric substrate 4 and the metal floor 8. There is a gap between the dielectric substrate 4 and the metal floor 8, and the gap is an air layer. Among them, the side of the dielectric substrate 4 close to the metal floor 8 is the back side, and the side far from the metal floor 8 is the front side. A metal patch 3 is laid on the front side of the dielectric substrate 4 to generate parasitic resonance points within the two operating modes of the corresponding antenna. The metal patch 3 is bisected into a parasitic patch and a main excitation patch on the dielectric substrate 4 by several shorting posts 1. Narrow side slots 6 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the front side of the dielectric substrate 4 with several shorting posts 1 for the fusion of the two operating modes. A feeding half-ring slot 5 is provided at the front edge of the dielectric substrate 4. A half-ring patch 7 is provided on the back side of the dielectric substrate 4 corresponding to the feeding half-ring slot 5 on the front side of the dielectric substrate 4. One end of the feeding post 2 is disposed on the metal floor 8, and the other end extends through the half-ring patch 7 on the back side of the dielectric substrate 4 into the feeding half-ring slot 5 on the front side of the dielectric substrate 4.
[0034] Specifically, the shape of the dielectric substrate 4 is a rectangular structure, and several shorting posts 1 are arranged in a straight line along the center line of the dielectric substrate 4.
[0035] Specifically, the materials of the metal floor 8, the metal patch 3, and several shorting posts 1 are all copper, the dielectric layer material is FR-4, the dielectric constant is 4.4, and the loss tangent value is 0.02. The floor size is 100*100mm 2 , the antenna size is 35.2*50mm 2 , the dielectric layer thickness is 0.2mm, the air layer thickness is 0.8mm, the inner diameter of the half-ring slot at the feeding position is 1.5mm, the width is 0.2mm, and the inner diameter of the semi-circular patch on the back of the substrate is 0.7mm, the width is 3.5mm. The antenna is based on the basic architecture of the magnetic coupling form, and the above dimensions are only the optimal dimensions when covering the 5G N77 frequency band using this method. As is well known, the operating bandwidth of the antenna has a great relationship with the antenna profile height (that is, the sum of the substrate thickness and the air layer thickness). Generally speaking, the wider the antenna profile height, the wider the corresponding operating bandwidth. If other frequency bands need to be covered, the first thing to change is the antenna profile height, and other parameters are adjusted on the basis of just covering the antenna operating bandwidth.
[0036] The present invention also provides a method for covering a target bandwidth by dual-mode fusion. Based on the above-mentioned low-profile broadband antenna, it includes the following steps:
[0037] Adjust the thicknesses of the dielectric substrate 4 and the air layer to maintain the low-profile characteristics, and select the first two inherent characteristic modes TM 1 / 2,0 mode and TM 1 / 2,1The mode is the working mode based on broadband convergence, that is, a single resonance point corresponds to a single working mode. At this time, the resonance frequencies corresponding to the two characteristic modes are far apart;
[0038] By means of magnetic coupling, a parasitic patch is loaded beside the main excited patch, so that a single characteristic mode generates double resonance points within the respective single resonance frequency band range, thereby broadening the working bandwidth of each mode; at this time, the target bandwidth coverage is still insufficient;
[0039] By grooving on the narrow side, the resonance frequency of the higher characteristic mode is reduced, so that the two characteristic modes are fused. Impedance matching is realized through the feeding half-ring slot 5 near the feeding post 2 and the half-half-ring patch 7 loaded on the back of the dielectric substrate 4. Furthermore, 4 resonance points are generated within the passband, and finally the target bandwidth is covered.
[0040] Specifically, the patch part directly fed by the feeding post 2 is the main excited patch, and the patch on the other side of several shorting posts 1 in the middle of the dielectric substrate 4 is the parasitic patch fed by coupling; several shorting posts 1 in the middle act as parallel inductors and are placed at the position with the maximum magnetic field of the main excited patch, so that the antenna of the metal patch 3 forms an overall layout in which two half-mode patches are connected in a mouth-to-mouth form.
[0041] The main technical problem solved by the present invention is the antenna bandwidth problem under the condition of limited size. The purpose is to achieve a wider working bandwidth coverage with a lower antenna profile. Based on this goal, a shorting post-loaded shorting patch antenna is used. By inserting parasitic patches and grooving, an antenna solution for realizing broadband through antenna dual-mode fusion is formed. Among them, inserting parasitic patches is to generate parasitic resonance points within the two working modes of the corresponding antenna, and grooving is to realize the fusion of the two working modes, thereby realizing Figure 1 As shown in, there are 4 resonance points within the working range of the antenna. Then, impedance matching is realized by etching a matching half-ring slot at the feeding point and the half-ring patch on the back. This solution can be applied to any broadband communication. Compared with traditional patch antennas such as Figure 6 shown, the antenna proposed by the present invention has a wider bandwidth and a lower profile.
[0042] The low-profile broadband antenna adopted by the present invention makes full use of the profile height of the antenna, realizes broadband characteristics at a lower height, and at the same time has a simple model, small volume and low cost, and can be widely applied to scenarios such as wireless terminal devices.
[0043] According to Figure 5 shown, the S-parameter and efficiency curve of the present invention show that it well covers the 5G N77 band (3.3 - 4.2 GHz), and the in-band efficiency is greater than 65%.
[0044] According to Figure 7As shown, they are the radiation patterns of the E-plane and H-plane of the antenna at 4 resonance points within the frequency band.
[0045] In summary, the present invention provides a low-profile broadband antenna and a method for covering a target bandwidth by dual-mode fusion. A shorting post is added to one side of the patch antenna, and a parasitic patch is loaded on the side where the shorting post is added, obtaining a broadband patch antenna of the low-profile surface antenna type. By adjusting the substrate thickness and the air layer height, while reducing the profile size, the covered bandwidth range will be wider, and when covering the same target bandwidth, the profile height of the antenna will be lower; through the low-profile broadband antenna, a parasitic patch and a groove are implanted in the patch antenna to form an antenna solution for realizing broadband by dual-mode fusion of the antenna. The implanted parasitic patch is used to generate parasitic resonance points within the two operating modes of the corresponding antenna, and the groove is used to realize the fusion of the two operating modes, so that there are 4 resonance points within the operating range of the antenna. Then, an etched matching half-ring slot at the feeding point and a half-ring patch on the back are used to achieve impedance matching, finally covering the target bandwidth, and realizing covering a wider bandwidth with a lower profile.
[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the specific implementation manners of the present invention can still be modified or equivalently replaced, and any modification or equivalent replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A low-profile broadband antenna, characterized in that, It includes a feeding post (2), a dielectric substrate (4), a metal floor (8) and a number of shorting posts (1); the number of shorting posts (1) are arranged in a straight line and penetrate between the dielectric substrate (4) and the metal floor (8). There is a gap between the dielectric substrate (4) and the metal floor (8), and the gap is an air layer. Among them, the side of the dielectric substrate (4) close to the metal floor (8) is the back side, and the side far from the metal floor (8) is the front side; a metal patch (3) is laid on the front side of the dielectric substrate (4) to generate parasitic resonance points within the two working modes of the corresponding antenna. The metal patch (3) is bisected into a parasitic patch and a main excitation patch on the dielectric substrate (4) by a number of shorting posts (1); narrow side slots (6) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the front side of the dielectric substrate (4) with a number of shorting posts (1) for the fusion of the two working modes; a feeding half-ring slot (5) is provided at the edge of the front side of the dielectric substrate (4). A semi-circular patch (7) is provided on the back side of the dielectric substrate (4) corresponding to the feeding half-ring slot (5) on the front side of the dielectric substrate (4). One end of the feeding post (2) is arranged on the metal floor (8), and the other end extends through the semi-circular patch (7) on the back side of the dielectric substrate (4) into the feeding half-ring slot (5) on the front side of the dielectric substrate (4). The feeding post (2) is arranged within the main excitation patch.
2. The low-profile broadband antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The dielectric substrate (4) is in the shape of a rectangular structure, and a number of shorting posts (1) are arranged in a straight line along the center line of the dielectric substrate (4).
3. The low-profile broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the dielectric substrate (4) is FR-4, the dielectric constant is 4.4, the loss tangent value is 0.02, and the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.2 mm.
4. A low-profile broadband antenna according to claim 1, wherein The thickness of the air layer is 0.8 mm.
5. A low-profile broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the feeding half-ring slot (5) is 1.5 mm and the width is 0.2 mm; the inner diameter of the semi-circular patch on the back of the substrate is 0.7 mm and the width is 3.5 mm.
6. The low-profile broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The materials of the metal floor (8), the metal patch (3) and a number of shorting posts (1) are all copper.
7. A method for covering a target bandwidth by using dual-mode fusion, based on a low-profile broadband antenna according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Adjust the thickness of the dielectric substrate (4) and the air layer to maintain a low-profile characteristic. Select the first two inherent characteristic modes of the half-mode patch antenna as the basic working modes for broadband fusion, that is, a single resonance point corresponds to a single working mode. At this time, the resonance frequencies corresponding to the two characteristic modes are far apart. Load a parasitic patch beside the main excitation patch by means of magnetic coupling, so that a single characteristic mode generates double resonance points within the single resonance frequency band corresponding to each, thereby broadening the working bandwidth of each mode. Reduce the resonance frequency of the higher characteristic mode by grooving on the narrow side, thereby fusing the two characteristic modes. Impedance matching is achieved through the feeding half-ring slot (5) near the feeding post (2) and the semi-circular patch (7) loaded on the back side of the dielectric substrate (4), and then 4 resonance points are generated within the passband, finally covering the target bandwidth.
8. A method for covering a target bandwidth by using dual-mode fusion according to claim 7, characterized in that The patch part directly fed by the feeding post (2) is the main excited patch, while the patch on the other side of several shorting posts (1) in the middle of the dielectric substrate (4) is the parasitic patch fed by coupling; the several shorting posts (1) in the middle act as parallel inductors and are placed at the position with the maximum magnetic field of the main excited patch, so that the antenna forms an overall layout in which two half-mode patches are connected in a mouth-to-mouth form.
9. A method for covering a target bandwidth by using dual-mode fusion according to claim 7, characterized in that, Select the first two inherently characteristic modes of operation of the half-mode patch antenna as the operating modes for broadband integration, where the two characteristic modes are TM 1 / 2,0 mode and TM 1 / 2,1 mode.