A kind of high-efficiency environmentally friendly insecticide and preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide and a preparation method thereof. The highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide is prepared from the following raw materials in the following weight proportions: 0.1-5 parts of spinosad, 0.1-5 parts of avermectin or emamectin benzoate, 1-5 parts of cosolvent, 10-20 parts of penetrant, and 60-85 parts of solvent. The preparation method thereof is as follows: adding ethanol solvent into a reaction kettle, adding spinosad, avermectin or emamectin benzoate and stirring to dissolve when the heating temperature reaches 30°C; continuing to heat and keep the temperature at 40°C-45°C and stirring until the original drug is completely dissolved; and then adding cosolvent and penetrant. It is a soluble liquid with the characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity, low residue and no pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and in particular relates to a highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the development of green pesticides, especially environmentally friendly pesticides, has attracted more and more attention. Among them, the pesticides spinosad, avermectin and emamectin benzoate have attracted particular attention due to their high activity, broad insecticide spectrum and environmental friendliness.

[0003] Spinosad, also known as spinosad, is a macrolide non-toxic and highly effective biological insecticide extracted from the fermentation broth of Polyspora spinosa. The parent strain of spinosad, soil actinomycete Polyspora spinosa, was originally isolated from an abandoned winery in the Caribbean. As a highly effective and safe biological insecticide, spinosad can be widely used in the prevention and control of agricultural and forestry pests, storage pests, sanitary pests and livestock parasites.

[0004] Avermectin, also known as Avermectins in English, is a type of 16-membered macrolide compound with insecticidal, acaricidal and nematicidal activity first developed by Satoshi Omura and others from Kitasato University in Japan and Merck Company in the United States. It is produced by fermentation of Streptomyces griseus in Streptomyces. Emamectin benzoate, abbreviated as Emamectin benzoate, is a new type of highly effective semi-synthetic antibiotic insecticide synthesized from the fermentation product avermectin B1. Avermectin and Emamectin benzoate have the same insecticidal mechanism and insecticidal effect. It is a highly effective and broad-spectrum antibiotic insecticide and acaricide with the characteristics of biological pesticides such as high efficiency, low toxicity, low residue and no pollution. It has extremely high activity against lepidopteran larvae and many other pests and mites, and has both stomach poisoning and contact killing effects. It is widely used in the prevention and control of various pests on crops such as vegetables, fruit trees, and cotton.

[0005] In the prior art, spinosad, avermectin and emamectin benzoate are all used in insecticide pesticides, but there is no application for preparing soluble preparations by combining spinosad with avermectin or emamectin benzoate. Since spinosad and avermectin are insoluble in water and their solubility in organic solvents is also very low, spinosad pesticides are currently mainly used in the form of suspensions, emulsifiable concentrates, ant baits and aqueous emulsions. There is no soluble preparation registered for the combination of spinosad and avermectin in the market in the prior art, nor is there a soluble preparation registered for the combination of spinosad and emamectin benzoate. There is no report on the soluble preparation of spinosad and avermectin or emamectin benzoate and its application. Therefore, the study and preparation of the soluble preparation of spinosad and avermectin or emamectin benzoate combination has become a major issue to be solved at present.

[0006] Soluble agents account for about 15-20% of the pesticide market. Compared with other formulations of pesticides, the toxicity and environmental pollution of the solvents used in soluble agents are relatively low, the product cost is low, and the safety and environmental protection are much higher than other formulations. It is an environmentally friendly green formulation. However, soluble agents are homogeneous liquid formulations in which the active ingredients are dispersed in the medium in the form of molecules or ions. Soluble agents are homogeneous liquid formulations in which the active ingredients form a true solution after being diluted with water. This formulation is difficult to prepare because spinosad and avermectin are insoluble in water and not easily soluble in organic solvents. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art. The insecticide is a soluble solution with the characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity, low residue and no environmental pollution.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide, which solves the problem that the raw materials are difficult to dissolve in water and organic solvents.

[0009] The first objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide, which is made of the following raw materials in the following weight proportions: 0.1 to 5 parts of spinosad, 0.1 to 5 parts of avermectin or emamectin benzoate, 1 to 5 parts of a cosolvent, 10 to 20 parts of a penetrant, and 60 to 85 parts of a solvent.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide is made of the following raw materials in the following weight proportions: 0.5-3 parts of spinosad, 0.5-3 parts of avermectin or emamectin benzoate, 2-4 parts of cosolvent, 14-18 parts of penetrant, and 65-80 parts of solvent.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide is made of the following raw materials in the following weight ratios: 0.7-1 part of spinosad, 0.7-1 part of avermectin or emamectin benzoate, 2.5-3.5 parts of cosolvent, 15-17 parts of penetrant, and 70-75 parts of solvent.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the solvent is ethanol.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the co-solvent is methanol or NN-dimethylformamide.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the penetrant is a mixture of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and fatty alcohol polyoxypropylene ether.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the weight ratio of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to fatty alcohol polyoxypropylene ether in the penetrant is: 1:0.8-1.2.

[0016] The second object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a method for preparing a highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide, which comprises the following steps:

[0017] (1) Add a solvent in proportion to a reaction kettle, wherein ethanol is selected as the solvent, and heat it slightly. When the temperature reaches 30°C, add spinosad, avermectin or emamectin benzoate in proportion, and stir to dissolve in the reaction kettle;

[0018] (2) Continue heating and maintain the temperature at 40°C to 45°C, and continue stirring until the original drug is completely dissolved;

[0019] (3) Stop heating, add a co-solvent and a penetrant in proportion, and continue stirring until the solution becomes a homogeneous transparent liquid, thereby obtaining a soluble solution of the highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide of the present invention.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The present invention solves the difficulties existing in the prior art from the aspects of selecting solvents, cosolvents, penetrants and temperature, so that the spinosad technical and avermectin or emamectin benzoate technical can be dissolved in a solvent and penetrant with a reasonable ratio at a certain temperature to form a homogeneous solution, and the combined content can reach 0.2% to 5.0%. This combination has a significant insecticidal effect. The basic characteristic of soluble concentrates is that when they are used as pesticide dilutions, their active ingredients exist in the solvent in a molecular or ionic state, that is, the solute is completely dissolved in the solvent. In the preparation process of soluble concentrates, a large amount of hydrophilic solvents are used. The polarity of the pesticide active molecules attracts hydrophilic polar solvents and cosolvents. After the penetrant is added thereto, the solubility of the technical increases rapidly, and the technical and solvent, cosolvent and penetrant form a homogeneous and stable solution.

[0022] During the preparation process, the temperature and the mass fractions of each solvent, co-solvent and penetrant must be well controlled to obtain a uniform and stable soluble solution of spinosad•avermectin (or emamectin benzoate).

[0023] The present invention combines spinosad with avermectin or emamectin benzoate insecticidal active ingredients to prepare a soluble solution. The efficacy test proves that the insecticidal effect is better than any single agent, and can better control Lepidoptera, Diptera and Thysanoptera pests and mites. In addition, it can also effectively control certain leaf-eating pests in Coleoptera and Orthoptera (such as locusts). The soluble solution insecticide of the present invention is mainly used for the control of grassland locusts, pine caterpillars, American white moths and vegetable beet armyworms, fruit and vegetable diamondback moths, vegetable flea beetles, rice stem borers, fruit and vegetable thrips, red, white and yellow spiders, cotton bollworms, tea green leafhoppers, whiteflies and other insect pests. At present, after market development, it can also be widely used in agricultural and forestry pests, fruit and vegetable pests, livestock deworming, pet deworming, warehouse deworming, sanitary pest control, lawn pest control, etc.; therefore, the soluble concentrate of the combination of spinosad and avermectin or emamectin benzoate in the present invention is an environmentally friendly pesticide composition, which meets the various indicators of the soluble concentrate of pesticides after testing, and its quality assurance period for light-proof storage is at least 2 years, and the market prospect is very broad.

[0024] 1.5% spinosad•avermectin (or emamectin benzoate) soluble solution 300ml / hm2 made by the process formula of the present invention 2 、375ml / hm 2 、450ml / hm 2 The average control efficacy of grassland locusts was 93.5%, 95.4% and 97.2% respectively. The control effects were all above 90%, which are ideal and can be used as reserve drugs for biological control of grassland locusts.

[0025] A dosage of 375 ml / hm2 was used for spraying the stems and leaves to control grassland locusts. Within the test dosage range, through subsequent monitoring and observation, it was found that the agent had no phytotoxicity to pasture, indicating that the agent was safe for pasture. From the early to the peak stage of the American white moth larvae, the 1.5% spinosad•avermectin (or emamectin benzoate) soluble solution of the present invention was used for control, and the knockdown speed was significantly faster than that of 25% diflubenzuron III suspension. By comparing the control method of the new antibiotic pesticide 1.5% spinosad•avermectin soluble solution insecticide 2000, 3000 times and 25% diflubenzuron III suspension 2000, 3000 times, it can be seen that the control method It can be seen that from the early to the peak period of the larval web of the American white moth, the use of new antibiotic pesticides 1.5% spinosad•avermectin soluble solution 2000, 3000 times and 25% diflubenzuron III suspension 2000, 3000 times has a 100% control effect on the 3rd instar American white moth, but the insecticidal speed of 1.5% spinosad•avermectin soluble solution is significantly faster than that of 25% diflubenzuron III suspension, and it has the characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity and environmental protection. Therefore, in production, it can solve the disadvantages of difficulty in promotion and continued harm after spraying caused by the slow lethality of diflubenzuron. It is an ideal preparation to replace diflubenzuron III, especially to replace organophosphorus and pyrethroid chemical pesticides, and can be vigorously promoted and applied in future prevention and control work.

[0026] The soluble insecticide of the present invention has four outstanding innovations compared with the prior art. Innovation 1: The present invention makes a soluble insecticide of spinosad, avermectin or emamectin benzoate, so that the characteristics of the agents are complementary to each other, and one agent can prevent and control multiple crop pests. Innovation 2: The present invention can eliminate the resistance problem caused by the use of a single ingredient, and can also improve the use effect of the product. Innovation 3: The present invention makes a new dosage form, a soluble insecticide. Innovation 4: The present invention provides a new efficient, high-quality, environmentally friendly new product for the control of crop diseases and pests, and one agent can prevent and control multiple crop pests. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation modes.

[0028] Example 1: A highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide is prepared from the following raw materials in the following weight ratios: 0.9 parts of spinosad, 0.6 parts of avermectin, 3.5 parts of cosolvent, 15 parts of penetrant, and 80 parts of solvent. Its preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0029] (1) Add 80 parts of solvent (e.g., environmentally friendly solvent ethanol) into a reaction kettle, heat it slightly, and when the temperature reaches 30°C, add 0.9 parts of spinosad and 0.6 parts of avermectin, and stir to dissolve in the reaction kettle;

[0030] (2) Continue heating and maintain the temperature at 40°C to 45°C, and continue stirring until the original drug is completely dissolved;

[0031] (3) Stop heating, add 3.5 parts of co-solvent NN-dimethylformamide, and then add 15 parts of penetrant, wherein the penetrant is a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and a fatty alcohol polyoxypropylene ether in a weight ratio of 1:1, and continue stirring until the solution is a homogeneous transparent liquid to obtain a soluble solution of the high-efficiency and environmentally friendly insecticide of the present invention, that is, a 1.5% avermectin soluble solution.

[0032] Example 2: A highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide is prepared from the following raw materials in the following weight ratio: 0.9 parts of spinosad, 0.6 parts of emamectin benzoate, 3.5 parts of cosolvent, 15 parts of penetrant, and 80 parts of solvent.

[0033] Its preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0034] (1) Add 80 parts of solvent, wherein the solvent is ethanol, which is an environmentally friendly solvent, into a reaction kettle and heat it slightly. When the temperature reaches 30°C, add 0.9 parts of spinosad and 0.6 parts of emamectin benzoate and stir to dissolve them in the reaction kettle;

[0035] (2) Continue heating and maintain the temperature at 40°C to 45°C, and continue stirring until the original drug is completely dissolved;

[0036] (3) Stop heating, add 3.5 parts of methanol as a co-solvent, and then add 15 parts of a penetrant, wherein the penetrant is a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and a fatty alcohol polyoxypropylene ether in a weight ratio of 1:1, and continue stirring until the solution is a homogeneous transparent liquid to obtain a soluble solution of the highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide of the present invention, i.e., a 1.5% emamectin benzoate soluble solution.

[0037] Example 3: A highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide is prepared from the following raw materials in the following weight ratios: 1 part of spinosad, 1 part of avermectin, 4 parts of cosolvent, 15 parts of penetrant, and 79 parts of solvent. Its preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0038] (1) Add 79 parts of solvent (ethanol, an environmentally friendly solvent) into a reaction kettle, heat it slightly, and when the temperature reaches 30°C, add 1 part of spinosad and 1 part of avermectin, and stir to dissolve in the reaction kettle;

[0039] (2) Continue heating and maintain the temperature at 40°C to 45°C, and continue stirring until the original drug is completely dissolved;

[0040] (3) Stop heating, add 4 parts of co-solvent NN-dimethylformamide, and then add 15 parts of penetrant, wherein the penetrant is a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and a fatty alcohol polyoxypropylene ether in a weight ratio of 1:0.8, and continue stirring until the solution is a homogeneous transparent liquid to obtain a soluble solution of the high-efficiency and environmentally friendly insecticide of the present invention, that is, a 2% avermectin soluble solution.

[0041] Example 4: A highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide is prepared from the following raw materials in the following weight ratio: 1.5 parts of spinosad, 1.5 parts of emamectin benzoate, 4 parts of cosolvent, 15 parts of penetrant, and 78 parts of solvent. Its preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0042] (1) Add 78 parts of solvent, wherein the solvent is ethanol, which is an environmentally friendly solvent, into a reaction kettle and heat it slightly. When the temperature reaches 30°C, add 1.5 parts of spinosad and 1.5 parts of emamectin benzoate and stir to dissolve them in the reaction kettle;

[0043] (2) Continue heating and maintain the temperature at 40°C to 45°C, and continue stirring until the original drug is completely dissolved;

[0044] (3) Stop heating, add 4 parts of co-solvent methanol, and then add 15 parts of penetrant, where the weight ratio of the penetrant is 1:1.2 for fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and fatty alcohol polyoxypropylene ether, and continue stirring until the solution is a homogeneous transparent liquid to obtain a soluble agent of the highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide of the present invention, i.e., a 3% soluble agent of emamectin benzoate.

[0045] Comparative test: Pine caterpillar efficacy test

[0046] Five insecticides were selected for comparative test, including 1.5% spinosad•avermectin soluble concentrate prepared in Example 1, 1.5% spinosad•emamectin benzoate soluble concentrate prepared in Example 2, commercially available 1.8% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate, commercially available 2.5% spinosad suspension and commercially available 2% avermectin benzoate emulsifiable concentrate. The insecticides were diluted 1000 times and then subjected to efficacy experiment on 5th-instar pine caterpillars of pine trees. The questionnaire for the efficacy experiment on pine caterpillars is shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1: Pine caterpillar efficacy test questionnaire

[0048]

[0049] Experiments have shown that the protective effect of the 1.5% spinosad·avermectin (or emamectin benzoate) soluble solution prepared by the process of the present invention is far superior to the commercially available 2.5% spinosad suspension, 1.8% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate and 2% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide, which is made of the following raw materials in the following weight ratio: 0.5-3 parts of spinosad, 0.5-3 parts of avermectin or emamectin benzoate, 2-4 parts of cosolvent, 14-18 parts of penetrant, and 65-80 parts of solvent; the solvent is ethanol, the cosolvent is methanol or NN-dimethylformamide, and the penetrant is a mixture of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and fatty alcohol polyoxypropylene ether.

2. The highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following raw materials in proportion by weight: 0.7-1 part of spinosad, 0.7-1 part of avermectin or emamectin benzoate, 2.5-3.5 parts of cosolvent, 15-17 parts of penetrant and 70-75 parts of solvent.

3. The highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to fatty alcohol polyoxypropylene ether in the penetrant is 1:0.8-1.

2.

4. The method for preparing the highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide according to claim 3, comprising the following steps: (1) Add a solvent in proportion to a reaction kettle, wherein ethanol is selected as the solvent, and heat it slightly. When the temperature reaches 30°C, add spinosad, avermectin or emamectin benzoate in proportion, and stir to dissolve in the reaction kettle; (2) Continue heating and maintain the temperature at 40°C to 45°C, and continue stirring until the original drug is completely dissolved; (3) Stop heating, add a cosolvent and a penetrant in proportion, and continue stirring until the solution becomes a homogeneous transparent liquid, thereby obtaining a soluble solution of the highly efficient and environmentally friendly insecticide of the present invention.

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