A riveted fastener demolition equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a breaking and removing equipment for riveting fasteners, which includes a breaking and removing device for breaking and removing the collar of a ring groove rivet and a hydraulic system for providing power to the breaking and removing device; the breaking and removing device includes a cylinder piston rod, a cutting tool, a claw, and a sleeve. The sleeve is a trapezoidal frustum with axially arranged long holes on its wall; the claw is composed of two semi-circular blocks. The rear end of the cutting tool is drivingly connected to the piston rod, and the front end is provided with two sets of symmetrically arranged cutter heads along the radial direction. The rod wall of the cutting tool shaft is provided with a chute along the axial direction, and the chute is slidably limited front and rear by the protrusions arranged along the sleeve wall. The front end of the breaking and removing device of the present invention adopts a wedge-shaped structure of a trapezoidal frustum, which can firmly grasp the collar on the rivet, facilitating the removal of the rivet; the device is convenient to operate and can realize the rapid replacement of vulnerable parts. The breaking and removing device of the present invention can well ensure the inner hole size and surface quality of the original riveted object, can realize the re-riveting of the original riveted object, and has almost no influence on the quality after riveting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of the design of disassembly equipment for fastener connections, and more particularly to the technical field of the design and manufacture of disassembly equipment, and specifically relates to a breaking and removing equipment for riveted fasteners. Background Art

[0002] Pull - off type and short - tail type ring - groove rivets are the main fastening connection methods used in China's railway freight cars and high - speed EMUs. In cases such as equipment maintenance, unqualified riveting quality or incorrect riveting, implementation of design changes, rework and repair for various structural failures, and modification for different customer requirements, etc., it is necessary to break and re - rivet the pull - off type and short - tail type ring - groove rivets. For short - tail type ring - groove rivets with the tail teeth already pulled off and pull - off type ring - groove rivets, currently, the oxy - acetylene flame cutting method is mainly used for their disassembly. The advantages of flame cutting are relatively high disassembly efficiency, while the disadvantages are high cost, environmental unfriendliness, easy damage to the riveted parts, inconvenient handling back and forth, and unsuitability for operation in flammable and explosive environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention discloses a breaking and removing equipment for riveted fasteners. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ring - groove rivet collar disassembly equipment for breaking and removing pull - off type ring - groove rivets and collars. The disassembly equipment of the present invention can also be used for the disassembly of short - tail type ring - groove rivets, and can also be used for the disassembly of bolts and nuts.

[0004] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A breaking and removing equipment for riveted fasteners includes a breaking device for breaking the ring - groove rivet collar and a hydraulic system for providing power to the breaking device; it is characterized in that: the breaking device includes: a cylinder piston rod driven by the hydraulic system, a cutting knife driven by the connection of the piston rod, a claw for holding and fixing the collar when breaking the collar, and a sleeve with a trapezoidal frustum structure on the inner wall of the front port.

[0006] The small end of the trapezoidal frustum structure of the sleeve is located at the front port, and two axially - arranged long holes are symmetrically arranged on the sleeve wall of the trapezoidal frustum structure; the claw is composed of two semi - circular arc blocks, and the outer walls of the two semi - circular arc blocks form a symmetric inclined surface and the axial direction forms a frustum structure, and the centers of the two semi - circular arc blocks form a through - hole with the same diameter, and the inner wall surface of the through - hole is covered with teeth for holding and fixing the collar; the outer wall inclined surfaces of the two semi - circular arc blocks are in sliding fit with the trapezoidal frustum structure of the sleeve and are slidably limited and fixed by fixing screws passing through the long holes in the sleeve wall.

[0007] The rear end of the cutting knife is drivingly connected to the piston rod, and two groups of radially - arranged cutter heads are symmetrically arranged at the front end. A chute is axially arranged on the rod wall of the cutting knife shaft, and the chute is slidably limited in the front - and - rear directions by the protrusions arranged on the sleeve wall.

[0008] A locking ring that can slide axially is arranged on the outer periphery of the further sleeve. The locking ring is provided with two through holes corresponding to the long strip holes on the sleeve wall, and fixing screws pass through the through holes and are connected and fixed to two semi-circular blocks.

[0009] Furthermore, the sleeve includes a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a fixed sleeve and a connecting sleeve; the inner wall of the front port of the first sleeve forms a trapezoidal frustum structure. A fixed sleeve is arranged between the first sleeve and the second sleeve and is connected and fixed by being embedded with a clamp, a snap ring and a shaft-mounted circlip. The rear end of the second sleeve is connected to the driving oil cylinder body of the demolition device; the fixed sleeve is provided with axially arranged cylindrical positioning pins connected and fixed to the first sleeve to realize rotational limit; the rear end of the cutting knife is drivingly connected to the piston rod of the oil cylinder through a connecting sleeve that can move in the second sleeve.

[0010] The rear end of the fixed sleeve has the same diameter as the middle shaft rod of the cutting knife. The fixed sleeve wall is provided with pin holes and a cylindrical positioning pin is screwed in as a protrusion to be combined with the chute provided on the wall of the cutting knife rod to realize the axial limit sliding of the cutting knife.

[0011] The rear end shaft rod of the cutting knife has a connecting thread, and the front end of the connecting sleeve has a stepped round hole. The connecting thread of the cutting knife extends into the round hole of the connecting sleeve and is fixed by a first locking nut in front of the step and a second locking nut behind the step.

[0012] The front end of the outer periphery of the fixed sleeve has an annular protruding edge. The rear end of the first sleeve is provided with an edge of the same structure as the fixed sleeve. The clamp is a two-piece semi-circular combined structure and is provided with grooves on the inner wall that match the two edges. After the clamp is closed, it is sleeved and fixed by a snap ring and fixed by a shaft-mounted circlip to realize the connection and fixation of the first sleeve and the fixed sleeve. The rear end of the fixed sleeve is connected and fixed to the second sleeve by a thread.

[0013] The second sleeve is connected and fixed to the oil cylinder body at the rear end of the demolition device through a working head locking ring, a working head fixing ring and a shaft-mounted circlip with a groove structure.

[0014] The hydraulic system of the present invention includes: a quick-change joint, a hydraulic pump, a relief valve, a two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve, a pressure sensor and a pressure switch.

[0015] The front end of the demolition device of the present invention adopts a wedge-shaped structure of a trapezoidal frustum, which can firmly grasp the collar on the rivet, facilitating the removal of the rivet. The cutting knife of the demolition device of the present invention can adjust the stroke through two locking nuts. If the cutting head is chipped or slightly fractured, the cutting head can be ground and the stroke of the cutting knife can be adjusted for secondary use. The demolition device of the present invention is convenient to operate and can realize the rapid replacement of vulnerable parts. The demolition device of the present invention can well ensure the inner hole size and surface quality of the original riveted object, can realize the re-riveting of the original riveted object, and has almost no influence on the quality after riveting. The demolition device of the present invention is efficient and convenient, and can be used in complex environments such as humidity and dust, without being affected by environmental conditions, and has strong applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the demolition tool of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a partial exploded view of the demolition tool of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is a partial three-dimensional assembly drawing of the demolition tool of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the demolition device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the cutting knife of the present invention;

[0021] Figures 6 to 9 is a schematic diagram of the demolition process of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure, 1 is a clamping jaw, 2 is a first sleeve, 3 is a cutting knife, 4 is a clamp, 5 is a snap ring, 6 and 26 are cylindrical locating pins, 7 is a fixed sleeve, 8 is a second sleeve, 9 is a first locking nut, 10 is a connecting sleeve, 11 is a second locking nut, 12 and 19 are shaft retaining rings, 13 is a working head locking ring, 14 is a working head fixing ring, 15 is a gun body, 16 is a piston rod, 17 is an oil inlet pipe, 18 is an oil return pipe, 20 is a collar, 21 is a conical spring, 22 is a screw, 23 is a locking ring, 24 is a base material, 25 is a ring groove type rivet, 31 is a cutting head, 32 is a chute, 33 is a connecting thread; Ⅰ is a power system, Ⅱ is a control system, Ⅲ is a demolition device, 01 is a power source, 02 is an overflow valve, 03 and 04 are reversing valves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments. The specific embodiments are a further explanation of the principle of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any way. The same or similar technologies to the present invention do not exceed the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] As Figure 1 , 2 , shown in Figure 3, the riveting fastener demolition equipment of the present invention includes a demolition device for demolishing the collar of a ring groove rivet and a hydraulic system for providing power to the demolition device.

[0025] The demolition device of this embodiment includes a claw 1 and a cutting knife 3; there are two symmetric inclined planes inside the front end of the first sleeve 2, and a long hole structure chute is opened on each of the two symmetric inclined planes. The two claws 1 can move on the inclined plane. Each of the two claws 1 is provided with a threaded hole corresponding to the chute on the inclined plane; the locking ring 23 can slide back and forth on the first sleeve 2, and two through holes are opened at the positions of the threaded holes matching the claws 1. The screw 22 passes through the through holes of the locking ring 23 and the chute of the first sleeve 2 and is screwed into the threaded hole of the claw 1. The locking ring 23 can drive the claw 1 to move back and forth in the chute of the first sleeve 2 through the screw 22. During use, the claw 1 is moved back and forth by manually moving the locking ring 23.

[0026] A pin hole is opened at the rear end of the first sleeve 2 corresponding to the pin hole at the front end of the fixed sleeve 7. The cylindrical positioning pin 6 is inserted into these two pin holes so that the first sleeve 2 and the fixed sleeve 7 do not rotate relative to each other. The clamp 4, the snap ring 5 and the shaft retaining ring 19 fix the first sleeve 2 and the fixed sleeve 7.

[0027] The right side of the fixed sleeve 7 is machined with an external thread to cooperate with the internal thread at the front end of the second sleeve 8. A pin hole is opened at the threaded part of the fixed sleeve 7 to prevent the cutting knife 3 from rotating circumferentially relative to the first sleeve 2.

[0028] Two cutting heads 31 are provided at the front end of the cutting knife 3, and their spacing is determined by the diameter specification of the blind rivet. A chute 32 is axially opened on the surface of the middle rod of the cutting knife 3. The cutting knife 3 can move back and forth in the fixed sleeve 7 along the chute 32, and this chute 32 has a guiding function.

[0029] The rear end of the cutting knife 3 is a connecting thread 33. The connecting thread 33 is matched with the first locking nut 9 and the second locking nut 11 to realize the driving connection of the connecting sleeve 10. The stroke of the cutting knife 3 can be adjusted by rotating the first locking nut 9 and the second locking nut 11. A hexagonal groove is opened on the right side of the second locking nut 11 for convenient installation. The connecting sleeve 10 is clamped by the first locking nut 9 and the second locking nut 11. The front end of the connecting sleeve 10 is machined with a conical surface corresponding to the conical surface at the front end of the second locking nut 11, and the rear end is machined with an internal thread to be drivingly connected with the piston rod 16.

[0030] As Figure 4 shown, Figure 4This is the principle diagram of the demolition equipment of the present invention. The demolition equipment includes three parts: power system I, control system II, and demolition device III. Among them, power system I can usually use a hydraulic pump station system to provide power for demolition, and demolition device III can be any demolition device that uses hydraulic power for disassembly operations; control system II mainly controls the demolition device III to disassemble a rivet. In this example, power system I is a hydraulic pump station system that mainly provides power, and demolition device III is the execution part. The hydraulic oil outlet of the hydraulic oil pump of power source I is connected in parallel with electromagnetic reversing valves 03, 04 and overflow valve 02 through pipelines, and electromagnetic reversing valves 03, 04 are connected to the oil cylinder of demolition device III. Among them, reversing valves 03 and 04 are two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valves.

[0031] In order to ensure the system pressure and ensure the safe use of the demolition system, the demolition pressure of the demolition equipment is controlled by the relief valve 02. The working process of the entire hydraulic system is: press the pressure switch, the YV1 of the reversing valve 03 and the YV2 of the reversing valve 04 are energized, the left side of the oil cylinder of the demolition device III is filled with oil, and the piston rod 16 starts to move forward to drive the gun head to remove the ring groove rivet; release the pressure switch, the YV1 of the reversing valve 03 and the YV2 of the reversing valve 04 are de-energized, the right side of the oil cylinder of the demolition device III is filled with oil, and the piston rod 16 starts to move to the left to complete the removal of a ring groove rivet.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, in order to ensure that the claw 1 can grasp the ring 20, a wedge structure is adopted between the claw 1 and the first sleeve 2, so that during the disassembly process, the claw 1 can tightly grasp the ring 20 without relative slippage. A circular boss is processed at the front end of the first sleeve 2 to play a positioning role.

[0033] The working process of the demolition device III is as follows: first, the locking ring 23 is moved forward, thereby driving the claw 1 to move forward through the screw 22. The two semi-circular arc blocks of the claw 1 are prompted to shrink toward the axial center when moving forward by the trapezoidal cone of the sleeve, and the teeth on the inner wall of the claw 1 hold the ring 20; start the pressure switch, and the piston rod 16 drives the cutting knife 3 to move forward through the connecting sleeve 10 and the first locking nut 9 to start cutting the ring 20. At the same time, due to the action of the reaction force, the sleeve is slightly moved toward the rear end by the force moving toward the rear end, and the trapezoidal cone structure of the sleeve squeezes the two semi-circular arc blocks of the claw 1 to further tighten the ring 20; after cutting, the piston rod 16 drives the demolition knife 3 to retreat through the connecting sleeve 10 and the second locking nut 11 to complete the disassembly of a ring groove rivet.

[0034] Combined with Figures 6 to 9 , the entire disassembly process of the ring groove rivet is as follows:

[0035] ①, such as Figure 1As shown, install the gun head on the riveting gun;

[0036] ②. As Figure 4 shown, connect the oil pipe to the pump station and the riveting gun;

[0037] ③. Plug in the power supply of the pump station to prepare for the disassembly of the ring groove rivet;

[0038] ④. As Figure 6 、 Figure 7 shown, place the sleeve 20 to be disassembled into the gun head, and move the locking ring 23 so that the claw 1 holds the sleeve 20;

[0039] ⑤. As Figure 6 、 Figure 7 shown, press the pressure switch of the demolition device Ⅲ, and the demolition device Ⅲ drives the cutting knife 3 to cut the sleeve 20;

[0040] ⑥. As Figure 7 、 Figure 8 shown, after the cutting knife 3 cuts the sleeve 20, it starts to retract, and the claw 1 releases, completing the cutting.

Claims

1. A riveted fastener demolition equipment, comprising a demolition device for demolishing the collar of a ring groove rivet and a hydraulic system for providing power to the demolition device; It is characterized in that: The demolition device includes: a cylinder piston rod driven by a hydraulic system, a cutting knife driven by the piston rod connection, a claw for clamping and fixing the collar when demolishing the collar, and a sleeve whose inner wall of the front port forms a trapezoidal frustum structure; The small end of the trapezoidal frustum structure of the sleeve is located at the front port, and two axially arranged long holes are symmetrically arranged on the sleeve wall of the trapezoidal frustum structure; the claw is composed of two semi-circular blocks, and the outer walls of the two semi-circular blocks form a symmetric inclined plane and a frustum in the axial direction. The centers of the two semi-circular blocks form a through hole with the same diameter, and the inner wall surface of the through hole is covered with teeth for clamping and fixing the collar; the outer wall inclined planes of the two semi-circular blocks are slidably matched with the trapezoidal frustum structure of the sleeve and are slidably limited and fixed by screws passing through the long holes in the sleeve wall. The rear end of the cutting knife is driven and connected to the piston rod, and two groups of symmetrically arranged cutter heads are arranged at the front end in the radial direction. A chute is arranged along the axial direction on the rod wall of the cutting knife shaft, and the chute is slidably limited front and back by the protrusions arranged along the sleeve wall.

2. The riveted fastener demolition equipment according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: A locking ring that can slide axially is arranged on the outer periphery of the sleeve. The locking ring is provided with two through holes corresponding to the long holes in the sleeve wall, and the fixing screw passes through the through holes and is connected and fixed to the two semi-circular blocks.

3. The riveted fastener demolition equipment according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that: The sleeve includes a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a fixed sleeve and a connecting sleeve; the inner wall of the front port of the first sleeve forms a trapezoidal frustum structure. A fixed sleeve is arranged between the first sleeve and the second sleeve and is connected and fixed by being embedded with a clamp, a snap ring and a shaft-mounted circlip. The rear end of the second sleeve is connected to the driving cylinder gun body of the demolition device; the fixed sleeve is provided with axially arranged cylindrical positioning pins and is connected and fixed to the first sleeve to realize rotational limit; the rear end of the cutting knife is driven and connected to the piston rod of the oil cylinder through a connecting sleeve that can move in the second sleeve.

4. The riveted fastener demolition equipment according to claim 3, It is characterized in that: The rear end of the fixed sleeve has the same diameter as the middle shaft of the cutting knife. A pin hole is arranged on the wall of the fixed sleeve, and a cylindrical positioning pin is screwed in as a protrusion to be combined with the chute arranged on the rod wall of the cutting knife to realize axial limit sliding of the cutting knife.

5. The riveted fastener demolition equipment according to claim 4, It is characterized in that: The rear end shaft of the cutting knife has a connecting thread, and the front end of the connecting sleeve has a stepped round hole. The connecting thread of the cutting knife extends into the round hole of the connecting sleeve and is fixed by a first locking nut in front of the step and a second locking nut behind the step.

6. The riveted fastener demolition equipment according to claim 5, It is characterized in that: The front end of the outer periphery of the fixed sleeve has a ring-shaped protruding edge, and the rear end of the first sleeve is provided with an edge with the same structure as the fixed sleeve. The clamp is a two-piece semi-circular combined structure and is provided with grooves on the inner wall that match the two edges. After the clamp is closed, it is fixed by being sleeved with a snap ring and fixed by a shaft-mounted circlip to realize the connection and fixation of the first sleeve and the fixed sleeve. The rear end of the fixed sleeve is connected and fixed to the second sleeve by threads.

7. The riveted fastener demolition equipment according to claim 5, It is characterized in that: The second sleeve is connected and fixed to the oil cylinder gun body at the rear end of the demolition device through the working head locking ring, working head fixing ring and shaft circlip of the groove structure.

8. The riveting fastener demolition equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydraulic system includes: a quick-change joint, a hydraulic pump, a relief valve, a two-position three-way solenoid directional control valve, a pressure sensor and a pressure switch.

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