A new type of reamer bit device and a reaming method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a novel reaming drill bit device and a reaming method thereof, which comprises a reaming drill bit and a drill rod connector, the reaming drill bit comprises a drill bit base, a hollow bolt, a limiting block, a spring, a sliding rod and a cutter, one end of the drill rod connector is connected with a drill rod, and the other end of the drill rod connector is connected with the drill bit base; symmetric sliding grooves are formed on both sides of a cutting seam of the drill bit base; the cutter is fixed in the sliding groove through a sliding rail, and is automatically opened by sliding down along the sliding groove under resistance to rotate and ream; the cutter pushes the sliding rod to slide down to compress the spring, the drill rod is withdrawn after reaming, the spring pushes the sliding rod to slide up to drive the cutter to slide up, and the cutter returns to the original position; the drill rod in the hole is completely withdrawn, and cylindrical reaming is formed; the application only needs to replace the drill bit after drilling a relatively short hole, realizes reaming while drilling, and forms the reaming structure at one time, so that the workload of replacing the reaming drill bit can be greatly reduced; and the rock breaking capacity is relatively high, and the application is suitable for a relatively wide range of rock layers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rotary drilling rig technology in drilling technology, and in particular relates to a new type of hole-reaming drill bit equipment and hole-reaming method. Background Technology

[0002] Whether it's tunnel foundation construction or underground coal mining, drill rods and drill bits are used to support the soil or surrounding rock. After drilling the soil or surrounding rock, using a reaming drill bit to enlarge the hole can effectively enhance the pull-out resistance of the anchor bolt and improve the stability control of the surrounding rock.

[0003] The current problems are twofold. First, because the drill rod cannot be pulled out and driven in as a whole, before replacing the reaming bit, the drill rod must be disassembled section by section from the borehole using a drilling rig and then completely removed. Only after all the drill rods have been disassembled and removed can the original drill bit be taken out of the borehole. After replacing the reaming bit, the reverse operation must be performed to reinsert the replaced reaming bit into the borehole head. The deeper the borehole, the longer the process of replacing the reaming bit becomes. Obviously, the current method of replacing reaming bits seriously delays the drilling progress and significantly increases the amount of ineffective work. Second, most reaming bits currently use a top push rod to squeeze the cutting tool to extend from the side and cut the surrounding rock structure. This is usable in soil or soft rock, but when the rock layer is strong, the cutting tool's rock-breaking ability is insufficient, and the reaming effect often fails to meet the design requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a novel reaming drill bit device and its reaming method. During reaming, the drill bit can be replaced after only a short drilling operation, integrating the drilling and reaming processes into one. The reaming length can be freely controlled according to on-site construction needs, and the reaming structure is formed in one step, which can significantly reduce the workload of replacing the reaming drill bit. Furthermore, it has strong rock-breaking ability and is applicable to a wide range of rock formations.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a novel reaming drill bit device, comprising a reaming drill bit and a drill rod connector. The reaming drill bit includes a drill bit base, a hollow bolt, a limiting block, a spring, a sliding rod, and a cutting tool. One end of the drill rod connector is connected to a drill rod, and the other end of the drill rod connector is connected to the drill bit base. The lower part of the drill bit base is a cylindrical structure with external threads on its surface. A through hole is provided through the center of the drill bit base. An internal thread that fits with the hollow bolt is provided near the lower part of the cylindrical structure. The top of the drill bit base is provided with a frustum with cutting teeth. A slit is cut along the center of the frustum. Symmetrical sliding grooves are machined on both sides of the slit. A limiting part that does not penetrate the frustum is provided at the top of the sliding groove. A limiting groove with a width slightly larger than the slit is cut on the drill bit base at the end of the sliding groove. The limiting block is disposed in the limiting groove.

[0006] Specifically, the outer surface of the hollow bolt is provided with threads that match the internal threads on the through hole, and the inner surface of the hollow bolt is a smooth circular hole.

[0007] The limiting block is a cuboid, and there are two limiting blocks, which are inserted into two symmetrically distributed limiting slots.

[0008] The spring is located inside the through hole and is mounted on the upper side of the hollow bolt.

[0009] The slide bar has a T-shaped overall structure. The horizontal length of the slide bar is the same as the diameter of the drill bit base. The vertical structure of the slide bar is a hollow round rod that passes through the through hole. The outer diameter of the slide bar is the same as the width of the cut.

[0010] The upper end of the cutting tool is a two-wing drill bit, and the lower end of the cutting tool is provided with a slide rail that matches the sliding groove. The slide rail and the cutting tool are integrally formed.

[0011] For better results, the drill bit base is threaded onto the drill rod connector, and the drill rod connector has a through hole in the middle that communicates with the through hole and the drill rod for conveying water or air.

[0012] The interior of the truncated cone is provided with a slag discharge hole that communicates with the through hole of the drill bit base.

[0013] Based on a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for reaming holes using a novel reaming drill bit device, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1): Use a regular drill bit to drill a hole at the selected location. When the hole reaches the specified depth, remove the drill rod.

[0015] Step 2): Install the new type of reaming drill bit equipment on the drill rod, so that the reaming drill bit is sent to the bottom of the already formed borehole and drilling continues on the basis of the original borehole. The reaming drill bit is pushed against the rock at the bottom of the hole by the drilling machine. The cutter will automatically open and advance with the rotation of the drill rod to cut the rock at the bottom of the hole, forming a cylindrical reaming structure in one go.

[0016] Step 3): After the hole is enlarged and formed, stop pushing the drill rod and retract it. The open cutting tool on the enlarged drill bit will automatically return to its original position due to the elastic force of the spring.

[0017] Step 4): After the drilling is completed, the drill rod is completely pulled out of the hole. Then, the anchoring agent is filled into the hole and the anchor cable is inserted. After the anchoring agent has solidified for a certain period of time, the end nut is tightened and the preload is applied to complete the hole enlargement and anchoring.

[0018] In step 2), the interior of the truncated cone is provided with a slag discharge hole that is connected to the through hole of the drill bit base. The vertical structure of the slide rod is a hollow round rod that passes through the through hole. The drilling machine is connected to an air pump or a water pump. Water or air passes through the hollow drill rod, drill rod connector, hollow bolt, through hole of drill bit base, and slag discharge hole of truncated cone in sequence, and washes the drill slag on the drill bit before flowing out along the drill hole.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] 1. The present invention allows for drill bit replacement after only a short drilling operation during hole reaming, integrating the drilling and reaming processes into one, achieving hole reaming simultaneously with drilling;

[0021] 2. The hole-reaming structure of this invention is formed in one step, which can greatly reduce the workload of replacing the hole-reaming drill bit;

[0022] 3. This invention has strong rock-breaking ability and is applicable to a wide range of rock formations;

[0023] 4. The hole-expanding anchoring method of the present invention can effectively enhance the pull-out resistance of the anchor rod and has a better effect on the stability control of the surrounding rock. Compared with the ordinary anchoring method, the hole-expanding anchoring method can use a larger spacing under the same control effect, which can effectively reduce the amount of anchoring work and material usage. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the reaming drill bit of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of the reaming drill bit of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a left view of the reaming drill bit of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 BB section view;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the drill bit base of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the hollow bolt of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the limiting block of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the spring of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the slide bar of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a perspective view of the cutting tool of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a perspective view of the drill pipe connector of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the present invention showing the automatic opening of the cutting tool as it slides down under resistance during drill pipe advancement;

[0037] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 A sectional view;

[0038] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the automatic reset state of the tool sliding upward during retraction in this invention;

[0039] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 A sectional view.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Drill bit base; 11. External thread; 12. Through hole; 13. Internal thread; 14. Frustum; 15. Cutting kerf; 16. Sliding groove; 17. Limiting part; 18. Limiting groove; 19. Slag discharge hole; 2. Hollow bolt; 3. Limiting block; 4. Spring; 5. Sliding rod; 6. Cutting tool; 61. Slide rail; 7. Drill rod connector. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will be specifically described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0042] like Figure 1-6As shown, a novel reaming drill bit device includes a reaming drill bit and a drill rod connector 7. The reaming drill bit includes a drill bit base 1, a hollow bolt 2, a limiting block 3, a spring 4, a sliding rod 5, and a cutting tool 6. One end of the drill rod connector 7 is connected to the drill rod, and the other end of the drill rod connector 7 is connected to the drill bit base 1. The lower part of the drill bit base 1 is a cylindrical structure with external threads 11 on its surface. A through hole 12 is provided through the center of the drill bit base 1, and the through hole 12 is close to the lower part of the cylindrical structure. The drill bit base 1 has an internal thread 13 that fits into the hollow bolt 2. The top of the drill bit base 1 has a frustum 14 with cutting teeth. The frustum 14 has a slit 15 cut along the center. Symmetrical sliding grooves 16 are machined on both sides of the slit 15. The top of the sliding groove 16 has a limiting part 17 that does not penetrate the frustum 14, which serves as a limiting part. At the end of the sliding groove 16, the drill bit base 1 has a limiting groove 18 with a width slightly larger than the slit, which serves as a limiting part. The limiting block 3 is set in the limiting groove 18.

[0043] like Figure 7 As shown, the outer surface of the hollow bolt 2 is provided with threads, which are matched with the internal threads 13 on the through hole 12. The inner surface of the hollow bolt 2 is a smooth round hole.

[0044] like Figure 8 As shown, the limiting block 3 is a cuboid, and there are 2 limiting blocks 3, which are respectively inserted into 2 symmetrically distributed limiting slots 18;

[0045] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, the spring 4 is located inside the through hole 12 and is mounted on the upper side of the hollow bolt 2;

[0046] like Figure 10 As shown, the slide rod 5 has a T-shaped overall structure. The horizontal length of the slide rod 5 is the same as the diameter of the drill bit base 1. The vertical structure of the slide rod 5 is a hollow round rod that passes through the through hole 12. The outer diameter of the slide rod 5 is the same as the width of the kerf 15.

[0047] like Figure 11 As shown, the upper end of the cutter 6 is a common two-wing drill bit, and the lower end of the cutter 6 is provided with a slide rail 61 that matches the sliding groove 16. The slide rail 61 and the cutter 6 are integrally formed. The cutter 6 is restricted by the sliding groove 61 and can only slide up and down along the sliding groove 61. It opens when sliding down and closes when sliding up.

[0048] The drill bit base 1 is threaded onto the drill rod connector 7, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the drill pipe connector 7 has a circular hole in the middle that communicates with the through hole 12 and the drill pipe, for conveying water or air.

[0049] The assembly process of each component of the reaming drill bit is as follows: ① Push the slide rod 5 into the slit 15 in the middle of the drill bit base 1, and insert the lower vertical rod of the slide rod 5 into the through hole 12 in the drill bit base 1; ② Push the cutting tool 6 into the sliding groove 16 of the drill bit base 1; ③ Insert the limiting block 3 into the limiting groove 18 at the end of the sliding groove 16 of the drill bit base 1; ④ Insert the spring 4 into the through hole 12 from the bottom of the drill bit base 1; ⑤ Screw the hollow bolt 2 into the through hole 12 at the bottom of the drill bit base 1.

[0050] like Figure 13-16 As shown, the reaming drill bit is fixed to the drill rod via the drill rod connector 7. The reaming drill bit is pushed against the rock at the bottom of the hole by the drilling machine. The cutting tool 6 will retract along the sliding groove 16 on the drill bit base 1 and automatically open. The reaming drill bit advances and cuts the rock at the bottom of the hole as the drill rod rotates, forming a cylindrical reaming structure. After the hole is formed, the advancement stops and the drill rod is retracted. The spring 4 on the drill bit base 1 will automatically rebound and push the slide bar 2. The slide bar 2 pushes the opened cutting tool 6 to slide forward along the sliding groove 16 on the drill bit base 1. The cutting tool 6 automatically returns to its original position.

[0051] A new type of reaming drill bit device includes the following steps: During the anchoring process, a conventional drill bit is first used to drill at a selected location. After drilling to a certain depth, the drill rod is pulled out and the conventional drill bit is replaced with the new type of reaming drill bit device of this invention. The reaming drill bit is pushed into the bottom of the already formed borehole, and drilling continues on the basis of the original borehole. The reaming drill bit is pushed against the rock at the bottom of the hole by the thrust of the drilling machine. The cutting tool 6 automatically opens and advances with the rotation of the drill rod to cut the rock at the bottom of the hole, forming a cylindrical reaming structure. After the borehole is formed, the advancement is stopped, the drill rod is retracted, and the opened cutting tool 6 on the reaming drill bit automatically returns to its original position, and the drill rod in the hole is completely pulled out, the cylindrical reaming is formed, and the drilling construction is completed. After the drilling construction is completed, the anchor cable is anchored according to the normal anchoring procedure. The anchoring agent is filled into the borehole, and the anchor cable is placed in. After the anchoring agent has solidified for a certain time, the end nut is tightened and a preload is applied to complete the reaming anchoring.

[0052] When using the novel reaming drill bit of this invention for hole reaming, it has a better slag removal effect, such as... Figure 14 As shown, the interior of the truncated cone 14 is provided with a slag discharge hole 19 that is connected to the through hole 12 of the drill bit base 1. It works in conjunction with a sliding rod 5, which is a hollow round rod with a vertical structure. Specifically, during hole enlargement, the drilling machine is connected to an air pump or a water pump. Water or air can pass through the hollow drill rod, the drill rod connector 7, the hollow bolt 2, the through hole 12 of the drill bit base 1, and the slag discharge hole 19 of the truncated cone 14 in sequence, and wash the drill slag on the drill bit before flowing smoothly out of the hole.

[0053] This invention proposes a novel reaming drill bit device and its reaming method. During reaming, only a short drilling distance is required before the drill bit can be replaced. This shorter distance eliminates the need to disassemble the drill rod section by section from the borehole and remove it entirely, integrating the drilling and reaming processes into one operation. Advantages include: ① The reaming length can be freely controlled according to on-site construction needs; the reaming structure is formed in one step, significantly reducing the workload of replacing the reaming drill bit; ② The novel reaming drill bit has strong rock-breaking ability and is applicable to a wide range of rock formations; ③ Reaming anchoring effectively enhances the pull-out resistance of the anchor rod, providing better control over the stability of the surrounding rock. Compared with ordinary anchoring methods, reaming anchoring allows for a larger spacing between rows under the same control effect, effectively reducing the amount of anchoring work and material usage.

[0054] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hole-reaming drill bit device, characterized in that: The device includes a reaming drill bit and a drill rod connector. The reaming drill bit includes a drill bit base, a hollow bolt, a limiting block, a spring, a sliding rod, and a cutting tool. One end of the drill rod connector is connected to the drill rod, and the other end is connected to the drill bit base. The lower part of the drill bit base is a cylindrical structure with external threads on its surface. A through hole is provided through the center of the drill bit base. Near the lower part of the cylindrical structure, there is an internal thread that fits with the hollow bolt. The top of the drill bit base has a frustum with cutting teeth. The frustum is cut along the center. Symmetrical sliding grooves are machined on both sides of the cut. A limiting part that does not penetrate the frustum is provided at the top of the sliding groove. A limiting groove with a width slightly larger than the cut is cut on the drill bit base at the end of the sliding groove. The limiting block is set in the limiting groove. The slide bar has a T-shaped overall structure. The horizontal length of the slide bar is the same as the diameter of the drill bit base. The vertical structure of the slide bar is a hollow round bar that passes through the through hole. The outer diameter of the slide bar is the same as the width of the cut. The upper end of the cutting tool is a two-wing drill bit, and the lower end of the cutting tool is provided with a slide rail that matches the sliding groove. The slide rail and the cutting tool are integrally formed.

2. The reaming drill bit device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the hollow bolt is threaded and matches the internal thread on the through hole. The inner surface of the hollow bolt is a smooth circular hole.

3. The reaming drill bit device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting block is a cuboid, and there are two limiting blocks, which are inserted into two symmetrically distributed limiting slots.

4. The reaming drill bit device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring is located inside the through hole and is mounted on the upper side of the hollow bolt.

5. The reaming drill bit device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit base is threaded onto the drill rod connector, and the drill rod connector has a through hole in the middle that communicates with the through hole and the drill rod for conveying water or air.

6. The reaming drill bit device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the truncated cone is provided with a slag discharge hole that communicates with the through hole of the drill bit base.

7. A method for reaming holes using the reaming drill bit apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1): Use a regular drill bit to drill a hole at the selected location. When the hole reaches the specified depth, remove the drill rod. Step 2): Install the reaming drill bit equipment on the drill rod, so that the reaming drill bit is sent to the bottom of the already formed borehole. Continue drilling on the basis of the original borehole. The reaming drill bit is pushed against the rock at the bottom of the hole by the drilling machine. The cutter will automatically open and advance with the rotation of the drill rod to cut the rock at the bottom of the hole, forming a cylindrical reaming structure in one go. Step 3): After the hole is enlarged and formed, stop pushing the drill rod and retract it. The open cutting tool on the enlarged drill bit will automatically return to its original position due to the elastic force of the spring. Step 4): After the drilling is completed, the drill rod is completely pulled out of the hole. Then, the anchoring agent is filled into the hole and the anchor cable is inserted. After the anchoring agent has solidified for a certain period of time, the end nut is tightened and the preload is applied to complete the hole enlargement and anchoring.

8. The reaming method of the reaming drill bit equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 2), the interior of the truncated cone has a slag discharge hole that is connected to the through hole of the drill bit base. The vertical structure of the slide rod is a hollow round rod that passes through the through hole. The drilling machine is connected to an air pump or a water pump. Water or air passes through the hollow drill rod, drill rod connector, hollow bolt, through hole of drill bit base, and slag discharge hole of truncated cone in sequence, and washes the drill slag on the drill bit before flowing out along the drill hole.

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