Power transmission tower bolt loosening positioning method

Abstract

The application relates to a power transmission tower bolt loosening positioning device and a use method, which comprises at least one sound pickup device, the sound pickup device comprises an adsorption part and a sound pickup part, the sound pickup part is installed on the upper end of the adsorption part, the sound pickup part comprises a sound pickup ball and a controller, sound pickup heads are uniformly distributed on the sound pickup ball, and the sound pickup heads are connected with the controller. The application collects the characteristic sound emitted by bolt loosening in multiple directions in space through the setting of the sound pickup ball, judges the preliminary position of the bolt loosening according to the position of the sound pickup head of the strongest received sound, accurately judges the loosening position of the bolt according to the sound characteristics of the received sound of the rod and the order of the received bone conduction microphone fixed on the adsorption part, and the staff carries out targeted fastening according to the determined position, so that the problem that the specific position of the individual bolt loosening cannot be judged, comprehensive fastening needs to be carried out and the work efficiency is low is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of detection technology, and specifically relates to a method for locating loose bolts on power transmission towers. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, power transmission lines cannot function without transmission towers, which are constructed using bolts. Loosening of these bolts can severely impact the safe operation of power transmission lines, and is a major cause of tower collapses. Since bolt loosening is an inevitable process, and the process is asynchronous—some bolts loosen quickly while others remain firm—they are crucial for long-term stability.

[0003] There are many methods for measuring bolt looseness, mainly including the following:

[0004] Ultrasonic testing of bolts without disassembly is a convenient method, but it requires high precision in the fit between the probe and the bolt. Usually, the contact surface of the bolt needs to be repaired. It cannot be used when the contact surface conditions cannot be met on the ground of the iron tower.

[0005] The method of measuring the long and short axes of bolts requires precision measuring tools and measuring end faces, and it cannot be used when the contact surface conditions of the iron tower cannot be met on site.

[0006] The method of using pre-installed pressure sensors can achieve real-time monitoring, but due to the large number of bolts, the measurement cost cannot achieve large-scale measurement, and the monitoring of individual bolts cannot represent the overall bolt preload.

[0007] Visual measurement methods rely on comparing the positional relationship of bolts before and after installation, which cannot meet the requirements for measuring the numerous bolts on power transmission towers.

[0008] The intelligent gasket monitoring method can be used in critical situations. When the bolts are loosened to a certain extent, the contact resistance increases, and the heat causes the shape memory alloy gasket to deform. There are also various gaskets based on the principles of capacitance, resistance, piezoelectricity, and strain, but the gaskets are too expensive and not suitable for power transmission towers.

[0009] The fiber optic method calculates the preload of a bolt by measuring its length deformation. However, it requires placing an optical fiber at the center of the bolt, which is difficult and costly, and therefore cannot be applied to on-site inspection of iron towers at present.

[0010] Currently, when inspecting bolts on power transmission towers, the method of tightening all bolts once is used, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly.

[0011] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can locate the position of loose bolts, so as to accurately find the loose bolts and tighten them in a targeted manner, thereby improving work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for locating loose bolts on power transmission towers, so as to solve the problem of low work efficiency caused by the need for comprehensive tightening after individual bolts become loose.

[0013] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0014] A method for locating loose bolts on a power transmission tower includes at least one sound pickup device. The sound pickup device includes an adsorption part and a sound pickup part. The sound pickup part includes a sound pickup ball and a controller disposed below the sound pickup ball. The controller is disposed above the adsorption part. Sound pickup heads are evenly distributed on the sound pickup ball and are connected to the controller.

[0015] Furthermore, each pickup head is equipped with a pickup tube.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner wall of the sound pickup tube is lined with sound-absorbing cotton.

[0017] Furthermore, there are at least two sound-collecting balls, which are respectively located on both sides of the controller.

[0018] Furthermore, hollow support rods are inclined upwards on both sides of the controller, and the number of support rods is the same as the number of sound-collecting balls. The sound-collecting balls are respectively located at the end of the support rods away from the controller.

[0019] Furthermore, a bone conduction microphone is provided on the inner side of the adsorption unit, and a silicone layer is wrapped around the outside of the bone conduction microphone. The bone conduction microphone is connected to the controller.

[0020] Furthermore, a positioning device is provided on one side of the sound pickup device. The positioning device includes a magnetic suction part and a pull-wire encoder. The pull-wire encoder is located on the upper end of the magnetic suction part. A hook is provided on the controller. One end of the pull rope of the pull-wire encoder is connected to the hook.

[0021] Furthermore, both the adsorption part and the magnetic attraction part include an angle steel and a magnet disposed inside the angle steel.

[0022] Furthermore, there are two or more sound pickup devices, and a rope is installed between the sound pickup devices.

[0023] A method for locating loose bolts on power transmission towers, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1: Input the mathematical three-dimensional model of the transmission tower to be tested into the computer, and at the same time import the natural frequency database of the corresponding poles in the transmission tower.

[0025] S2: Set a specific hammering pattern, such as three light and one heavy. The sound pickup device will start working after receiving the specific hammering pattern.

[0026] S3: Attach the positioning device to a specified position with known coordinates (such as the tower foot), connect the pull wire on the pull encoder to the hook, move the sound pickup device and determine the distance between the positioning device and the sound pickup device based on the length of the pull wire, and then determine the position of the sound pickup device.

[0027] S4: Measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning device, and obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the sound pickup ball and the sound pickup head in the sound pickup device based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning device. Input the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning device, the sound pickup ball and the sound pickup head into the three-dimensional model to calculate the position of the loose bolt.

[0028] S5: Listen for sound waves indicating loose bolts. If present, perform localization calculations directly, and the computer will mark the location with a specific color, such as yellow.

[0029] S6: Specific hammering of angle steel on power transmission towers, three light and one heavy blows;

[0030] S7: After the sound pickup device hears a specific hammering sound, it immediately starts sound wave reception. The controller transmits the location of the sound pickup head with the strongest sound intensity to the computer, and the computer saves the sound wave file. At the same time, the interval time and reception time of the bolt loosening sound received by the bone conduction microphone are transmitted to the computer.

[0031] S8: Based on the position coordinates of the pickup head and the known coordinates of the pickup sphere, the computer connects the center of the pickup sphere to the position of the pickup head receiving the strongest sound intensity and extends the line to the 3D model of the power transmission tower. The position where the extended line intersects with the power transmission tower model is the location of the loose bolt, thus obtaining the bolt position coordinates. Based on the sound interval time and the order of reception by the bone conduction microphone, the computer checks the natural frequency library of the pole to calculate the bolt position and compares it with the bolt position coordinates in the 3D simulation. After confirmation, the loose bolt is marked on the 3D model with a specific color, such as red.

[0032] S9: Due to the sound wave drift caused by air flow, it is necessary to perform three operations at the same measurement point to remove obviously unreasonable data and finally obtain accurate marking results.

[0033] The significant beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows:

[0034] 1. This invention provides a method for locating loose bolts on power transmission towers, comprising at least one sound-collecting device. The sound-collecting device includes an adsorption section and a sound-collecting section, with the sound-collecting section mounted on the upper end of the adsorption section. The sound-collecting section includes a sound-collecting ball and a controller. Sound-collecting heads are evenly distributed on the sound-collecting ball and connected to the controller. This application uses the sound-collecting ball to collect the characteristic sounds emitted by loose bolts in multiple spatial directions. Based on the position of the sound-collecting head receiving the strongest sound, the initial location of the loose bolt is determined. Then, based on the sequence of reception by the bone conduction microphone fixed to the adsorption section and the sound characteristics of the received rod, the loose bolt location is accurately determined. Workers then tighten the bolts specifically according to the determined location. This effectively solves the problem of low work efficiency caused by the inability to determine the specific location of individual loose bolts, requiring comprehensive tightening.

[0035] 2. By setting up the sound pickup tube, the transmitted sound can be collected, increasing the receiving effect of the sound pickup head. The sound-absorbing cotton setting can absorb and weaken the sound that is not transmitted in a straight line, thereby enhancing the sound pickup head that receives sound in a straight line and avoiding the inability to make an accurate judgment due to too many sound pickup heads receiving similar intensity sounds.

[0036] 3. The fixed-point device can facilitate the quick determination of the location of the sound pickup device and the establishment of three-dimensional coordinates.

[0037] 4. The adsorption and magnetic suction parts can be easily installed on power transmission towers, facilitating inspection work. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the operational state of the method for locating loose bolts on a power transmission tower according to the present invention;

[0039] Appendix Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioning device in the method for locating loose bolts on a power transmission tower according to the present invention;

[0040] Appendix Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sound pickup device in the method for locating loose bolts on a power transmission tower according to the present invention;

[0041] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the sound pickup head and the sound pickup ball in a method for locating loose bolts on a power transmission tower according to the present invention.

[0042] Appendix Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sound pickup tube structure in a method for locating loose bolts on a power transmission tower according to the present invention.

[0043] In the attached diagram, 1 - a sound pickup device;

[0044] 2-Adsorption section;

[0045] 3-Sound pickup ball;

[0046] 4- Pick up the sound head;

[0047] 5-Controller;

[0048] 6- Sound pickup tube;

[0049] 7-Sound-absorbing cotton;

[0050] 8-Support rod;

[0051] 9-rope body;

[0052] 10-Bone conduction microphone;

[0053] 11-fixing device;

[0054] 12-Magnetic suction part;

[0055] 13-Wire encoder;

[0056] 14-Hook;

[0057] 15-Magnet;

[0058] 16-Transmission tower. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0060] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the scope of this application and its application or use.

[0061] Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0062] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to this application.

[0063] As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms “comprising” and / or “including” are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0064] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application.

[0065] It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of the specification.

[0066] In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary, not as limitations.

[0067] Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0068] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures.

[0069] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0070] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as “above”, “on top of”, “on the upper surface of”, “above”, etc., can be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure.

[0071] It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the device as described in the figure.

[0072] For example, if a device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures will subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0073] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a method for locating loose bolts on a power transmission tower includes at least one sound pickup device 1. The sound pickup device 1 includes an adsorption part 2 and a sound pickup part. The adsorption part 2 is shaped like an angle steel, and a magnet 15 is installed inside the adsorption part 2. The sound pickup part is horizontally installed on the upper end of the adsorption part 2 and is adsorbed onto the power transmission tower 16 through the adsorption part 2. The sound pickup part includes a sound pickup ball 3 and a controller 5. The controller 5 is installed on the upper end of the adsorption part 2, and the sound pickup ball 3 is installed on the controller 5. Sound pickup heads 4 are evenly distributed on the sound pickup ball 3. There are multiple sound pickup heads 4. The sound pickup heads 4 are connected to the controller 5 through a line. The controller 5 is used to receive and transmit the sound received by the sound pickup heads 4. The sound pickup ball 3 is a hollow sphere. There are multiple sound pickup heads 4 evenly distributed on the sound pickup ball 3. The sound pickup heads 4 are microphones. The connection lines of the sound pickup heads 4 are gathered inside the sound pickup ball 3 and connected to the controller 5.

[0076] The sound-collecting ball 3 can collect sound from multiple directions. By judging the sound intensity received by the sound-collecting head 4 at different positions, the location of the loose bolt can be determined and tightened accordingly.

[0077] To facilitate the determination of the installation and measurement positions of the sound pickup device 1, a positioning device 11 is placed on one side of the sound pickup device 1. In use, the positioning device 11 and the sound pickup device 1 are placed on the power transmission tower in sequence. The positioning device 11 is used as a base point to facilitate the confirmation of the position of the sound pickup device 1. The positioning device 11 includes a magnetic suction part 12 and a pull-wire encoder 13. The magnetic suction part 12 has the same structure as the adsorption part 2. The controller 5 is provided with a housing, and a hook 14 is provided on the housing. One end of the pull rope on the pull-wire encoder 13 is connected to the hook 14.

[0078] When in use, the positioning device 11 is attached to a known position, and then the sound pickup device 1 is moved. The pull rope moves accordingly, and the pull wire encoder 13 starts counting. By reading the reading of the pull wire encoder 13, the distance between the sound pickup device 1 and the positioning device 11 can be determined, and thus the accurate position of the sound pickup device 1 can be determined.

[0079] To further improve the accuracy of the bolt loosening position, a bone conduction microphone 10 is installed on the adsorption part 2. The bone conduction microphone 10 is connected to the controller 5 through a line. The bone conduction microphone 10 is wrapped with a silicone layer. The silicone layer serves as a protective layer and also allows the bone conduction microphone 10 to make elastic contact with the power transmission tower 16.

[0080] The bone conduction microphone 10 is used to receive the sound transmitted on the power transmission tower 16. The sound is purer and less affected by other interference. The direction of the sound is determined by the time interval and the sequence of the sound received by the bone conduction microphone 10. The position of the pole can be determined by receiving the sound characteristics of the pole on the power transmission tower. The position of the loose bolt is further determined by cross-comparing the sound received by the sound pickup ball 3.

[0081] A method for using a loosening locating device for 16 bolts on a power transmission tower includes the following steps:

[0082] Step 1: Input the mathematical 3D model of the transmission tower 16 to be tested into the computer, and at the same time import the natural frequency database of the corresponding members in the transmission tower 16. Since the connecting members used at different heights and positions in the transmission tower 16 are different, different frequencies can be obtained by exciting different members. By collecting the natural frequencies of the members, the height and position of the bolt can be determined by the frequency generated after the members are excited.

[0083] Step 2: Set a specific hammering method to wake up the sound pickup device 1, such as three light hammerings followed by one heavy hammering. The sound pickup device 1 will start working after receiving the specific hammering method.

[0084] Step 3: Attach the positioning device 11 to a designated position with known coordinates (such as the tower foot), connect the pull wire on the pull encoder 13 to the hook 14, move the sound pickup device 1 and determine the distance between the positioning device 11 and the sound pickup device 1 based on the length of the pull wire, thereby determining the position of the sound pickup device 1; when there are two or more sound pickup devices 1, connect the sound pickup devices 1 with ropes 9 of known distance to determine the positions of different sound pickup devices 1.

[0085] Step 4: Measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning device 11, and obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the sound-collecting ball 3 and each sound-collecting head 4 in the sound-collecting device 1 based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning device 11. Input the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning device 11, the sound-collecting ball 3 and the sound-collecting head 4 into the three-dimensional model to calculate the position of the loose bolt.

[0086] Step 5: Listen for sound waves characteristic of loose bolts. If present, perform localization calculations directly, and the computer will mark the location with a specific color, such as yellow.

[0087] Step Six: Perform specific hammering on the angle steel on transmission tower 16, using three light blows and one heavy blow;

[0088] Step 7: After hearing a specific hammering sound, the sound pickup device 1 immediately starts receiving sound waves. The controller 5 transmits the location of the sound pickup head 4, which receives the strongest sound intensity, to the computer, and the computer saves the sound wave file. At the same time, the controller 5 transmits the interval time and reception time of the bolt loosening sound received by the bone conduction microphone 10 to the computer. The controller 5 and the computer can transmit data via wired or wireless means.

[0089] Step 8: Based on the position coordinates of the sound pickup head 4 and the known coordinates of the sound pickup ball 3, the computer connects the center of the sound pickup ball 3 with the position of the sound pickup head 4 that receives the strongest sound intensity, and extends the line to the 3D model of the power transmission tower 16. The position where the extended line meets the model of the power transmission tower 16 is the location of the loose bolt, thus obtaining the bolt loosening position coordinates. Based on the sound interval time and the order of reception by the bone conduction microphone 10, the received pole frequency is checked against the pole's natural frequency library to calculate the bolt position. The bolt position coordinates are then compared with those in the 3D simulation. After confirmation, the loose bolt is marked on the 3D model with a specific color, such as red.

[0090] Step 9: Due to the sound wave drift caused by air flow, it is necessary to perform three operations at the same measurement point to eliminate obviously unreasonable data and finally obtain accurate marking results.

[0091] In summary, this application uses the sound-collecting ball 3 to collect the sound emitted by loose bolts from multiple directions. Based on the position of the sound-collecting head 4 where the strongest sound is received, the exact location of the loose bolt can be determined. Then, the staff can tighten the bolts in a targeted manner based on the determined location. This effectively solves the problem that it is currently impossible to determine the specific location of individual loose bolts, requiring comprehensive tightening and resulting in low work efficiency.

[0092] Example 2

[0093] like Figure 5 As shown, the structure of this embodiment is roughly the same as that of embodiment 1. This embodiment is further optimized based on embodiment 1. In order to increase the working effect of the sound pickup head 4, a sound pickup tube 6 is sleeved on the sound pickup head 4, and sound-absorbing cotton 7 is laid on the inner wall of the sound pickup tube 6. The sound pickup tube 6 can collect the transmitted sound and increase the receiving effect of the sound pickup head 4. The sound-absorbing cotton 7 can absorb and weaken the sound that is not propagated in a straight line, thereby enhancing the effect of the sound pickup head 4 that receives sound in a straight line, and avoiding the sound pickup head 4 receiving too many sounds of similar intensity that cannot be accurately judged.

[0094] Example 3

[0095] like Figure 1 and 3As shown, the structure of this embodiment is roughly the same as that of embodiment 2. This embodiment is further optimized based on embodiment 2. Since the main building component of the transmission tower 16 is triangular iron, the magnetic part 12 and the adsorption part 2 are also set as angle steel to facilitate installation on the transmission tower 16. However, in order to facilitate the accurate positioning of loose bolts on different sides of the transmission tower 16, there are two sound-collecting balls 3. The two sound-collecting balls 3 are respectively installed on both sides of the controller 5 through the support rod 8 of the arc-shaped central control. The hollow support rod 8 can facilitate the passage of the line on the sound-collecting head 4. The support of the arc-shaped support rod 8 enables the two sound-collecting balls 3 to be located on different sides of the transmission tower 16. The two sound-collecting balls 3 collect the sound from different sides, thereby positioning the loose bolts on different sides of the transmission tower 16.

[0096] Currently, the technical solution of this application has undergone pilot testing, which is a small-scale experiment before the product is mass-produced. After the pilot testing was completed, a user survey was conducted on a small scale, and the survey results showed that user satisfaction was high. Now, preparations have begun for the formal production and industrialization of the product (including intellectual property risk warning surveys).

Claims

1. A method of locating loose bolts on a power transmission tower, the method comprising: The positioning device for bolt loosening of a power transmission tower comprises at least one sound pickup device (1), the sound pickup device (1) comprises an adsorption part (2) and a sound pickup part, the sound pickup part comprises a sound pickup ball (3) and a controller (5) arranged below the sound pickup ball (3), the controller (5) is arranged at the upper end of the adsorption part (2), the sound pickup ball (3) is uniformly distributed with sound pickup heads (4), and the sound pickup heads (4) are connected with the controller (5); ​ A bone conduction microphone (10) is arranged inside the adsorption part (2), the bone conduction microphone (10) is wrapped with a silica gel layer outside, and the bone conduction microphone (10) is connected with the controller (5); The adsorption part (2) comprises an angle steel and a magnet (15) arranged inside the angle steel; A fixed-point device (11) is arranged on one side of the sound pickup device (1), the fixed-point device (11) comprises a magnetic attraction part (12) and a pull wire encoder (13), the pull wire encoder (13) is arranged at the upper end of the magnetic attraction part (12), a hook (14) is arranged on the controller (5), and one end of a pull rope of the pull wire encoder (13) is connected with the hook (14); The positioning method comprises the following steps: S1: inputting a mathematical three-dimensional model of a power transmission tower to be measured into a computer, and simultaneously importing a natural frequency database of corresponding members of the power transmission tower; S2: setting a specific hammering mode, three light and one heavy, and starting work of the sound pickup device (1) after the sound pickup device (1) receives the specific hammering mode; S3: adsorbing the fixed-point device (11) at a specified position with known coordinates, connecting the pull wire on the pull wire encoder (13) with the hook (14), moving the sound pickup device (1), judging the distance between the fixed-point device (11) and the sound pickup device (1) according to the length of the pull wire, and determining the position of the sound pickup device (1); S4: measuring three-dimensional coordinates of the fixed-point device (11), and obtaining three-dimensional coordinates of the sound pickup ball (3) and the sound pickup head (4) in the sound pickup device (1) according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the fixed-point device (11), and inputting the three-dimensional coordinates of the fixed-point device (11), the sound pickup ball (3) and the sound pickup head (4) into the three-dimensional model, so as to calculate the position of the loosened bolt; S5: listening whether there is a bolt loosening characteristic sound wave, if yes, directly performing positioning calculation, and marking with a specific color by the computer; S6: performing specific hammering on the angle steel of the power transmission tower, three light and one heavy; S7: after the sound pickup device (1) hears the specific hammering sound, immediately starting sound wave receiving, transmitting the position of the sound pickup head (4) with the strongest sound intensity to the computer by the controller (5), saving a sound wave file by the computer, and transmitting the interval time and receiving time of the bolt loosening sound received by the bone conduction microphone (10) to the computer. S8: The computer connects the center of the pickup ball (3) with the position of the pickup head (4) receiving the strongest sound intensity and extends to the power transmission tower three-dimensional model according to the position coordinates of the pickup head (4) and the known pickup ball (3) coordinates. The position where the extension line meets the power transmission tower three-dimensional model is the position of the loose bolt, and the bolt loosening position coordinates are obtained. According to the sound interval time and the order of receiving of the bone conduction microphone (10), the rod inherent frequency library is checked, the bolt position is calculated, and the three-dimensional model is compared with the bolt position coordinates to confirm the loose bolt and mark the loose bolt on the three-dimensional model with a specific color. S9: Since air flow will cause sound wave drift, three operations need to be performed at the same measurement point to eliminate obviously unreasonable data, and finally the accurate marking result is obtained.

2. A method of bolting a power transmission tower as defined in claim 1, wherein: The pickup head (4) is sleeved with a pickup cylinder (6).

3. A method of bolting a power transmission tower as defined in claim 2, wherein: The inner wall of the pickup cylinder (6) is paved with sound-absorbing cotton (7).

4. A method of bolting a power transmission tower as defined in claim 1, wherein: The number of the pickup balls (3) is at least two, and the pickup balls (3) are respectively arranged on both sides of the controller (5).

5. The method of claim 4, wherein: The controller (5) is respectively provided with a hollow support rod (8) inclined upward on both sides, the number of the support rods (8) is the same as the number of the pickup balls (3), and the pickup balls (3) are respectively arranged on one end of the support rods (8) away from the controller (5).

6. A method of bolting a power transmission tower as defined in claim 5, wherein: The magnetic attraction part (12) comprises an angle steel and a magnet (15) arranged on the inner side of the angle steel.

7. A method of bolting a power transmission tower as defined in claim 1, wherein: The number of the pickup devices (1) is more than two, and the pickup devices (1) are provided with a rope body (9) therebetween.

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