A method, system, and apparatus for data transmission of an array receiving acoustic logging instrument

Abstract

The application discloses a data transmission method, system and equipment of an array receiving acoustic logging instrument, a panoramic acoustic imaging logging instrument adopts a method of underground large data storage and two-way data transmission with a ground system, function implementation is realized by combination of a data acquisition module, a main control module and a data storage module, demodulation of a command sent by the ground system is realized, six acoustic transducer transmission modes are realized, a large amount of data of 96 full wave trains received in each mode is transmitted and stored underground, instrument state data and part of logging data are sent to the ground system, underground large data storage and two-way data transmission with the ground system are realized, and the problem that data cannot be transmitted to the ground system in real time and stored in real time due to limitation of a long cable data transmission rate in actual application is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of data transmission in oil and natural gas exploration and development, and relates to a data transmission method, system and equipment for an array receiving acoustic logging instrument. Background Technology

[0002] To meet the needs of comprehensive evaluation of formations at near, middle, and far depths and detailed evaluation of oil and gas reservoirs in oil and gas exploration and development, a panoramic acoustic imaging logging instrument was designed. This instrument can perform quantitative measurements in three-dimensional space along the axial, radial, and circumferential directions. The panoramic acoustic imaging logging instrument employs new structural parameters, six excitation modes, and a 96-channel array receiver to acquire formation information. The instrument can detect formations at different vertical depths by emitting acoustic signals of different frequencies and receiving these signals in an array. The amount of data transmitted downhole is very large, and the data transmission rate of long cables limits the real-time transmission of downhole data to the surface system. To realize the logging application of the panoramic acoustic imaging logging instrument, it is necessary to consider both the large-scale downhole data acquisition and storage, as well as the two-way data transmission between the downhole instrument and the surface system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the prior art, meet the needs of actual well logging, and realize the simultaneous reception of commands issued by the surface system, uploading of some well logging data and instrument status parameters to the surface system, and large-scale downhole data storage. It provides a data transmission method, system, and device for an array-received acoustic logging instrument, enabling bidirectional data transmission between the downhole data storage of the panoramic acoustic imaging logging instrument and the surface system.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0005] A data transmission method for an array-received acoustic logging instrument includes the following steps:

[0006] S1: Obtain commands sent by the ground system and demodulate them, then send the demodulated commands to each execution module. Each execution module executes the commands and sends back data.

[0007] S2: Collect feedback data from each execution module in real time, store a portion of the collected feedback data in the data storage, and feed the other portion back to the ground system.

[0008] Further improvements to this method are as follows:

[0009] Commands sent by the ground system are transmitted via cable.

[0010] The commands issued by the ground system in S1 include:

[0011] Parameters including working mode, current time, number of sampling points, sampling time, and sampling delay.

[0012] The working mode includes 6 excitation modes. The cycle period of each of the 6 excitation modes is 1 second. Each mode has a 100ms buffer before it and a cycle of 150ms.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a data transmission system for an array receiving acoustic logging instrument, comprising a main control module, an acquisition module, and a storage module;

[0014] The main control module is used to acquire and demodulate commands sent by the ground system, send the demodulated commands to each execution module, receive data from each execution module, and transmit the feedback data to the ground system.

[0015] The data acquisition module is used to collect feedback data and send a portion of the data back to the main control module.

[0016] The storage module is used to store a portion of the acquired signal.

[0017] A further improvement of the system disclosed in this invention is that:

[0018] Commands sent by the ground system are transmitted to the main control module via the remote gamma instrument module.

[0019] The storage module is also used to provide a USB data interface to the ground, execute instructions issued by the ground system, and transmit the stored data to the ground system.

[0020] The main control module is also used to monitor the working status of downhole instruments and transmit the detection data to the ground system.

[0021] The present invention also discloses a terminal device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

[0022] The present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] In this invention, the control module, data acquisition module, and storage module accurately modulate, transmit, and demodulate commands sent to the surface system, realize multiple acoustic transducer transmission modes, enable the transmission and storage of large amounts of data downhole, and can control downhole data transmission and external data transmission separately. At the same time, it can transmit some downhole acquired data to the surface system, realizing well logging while also taking into account the functions of storing large amounts of data downhole and bidirectional data transmission with the surface system.

[0025] Furthermore, the working mode of this invention includes 6 excitation modes, and can record the waveform curves of all 96 transducers received under all 6 modes simultaneously, realizing the transmission and storage of a large amount of data downhole.

[0026] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a USB data interface, which enables data reading and execution of commands issued by ground equipment in the absence of instrument power supply, ensuring the normal operation of logging work. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the downhole instruments and the surface system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of downhole instrument command and data transmission according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the downhole instrument of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a timing diagram illustrating the working mode of the downhole instrument of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the storage module of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0034] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0035] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0040] This invention discloses a data transmission method, system, and device for an array-received acoustic logging instrument. The panoramic acoustic imaging logging instrument employs a method of storing a large amount of data downhole while simultaneously transmitting data bidirectionally to the surface system. Its functionality is achieved by a combination of a data acquisition module, a main control module, and a data storage module.

[0041] The data acquisition module mainly receives data from eight acquisition strips, sends sampling control parameters to the acquisition strips, receives instructions from the main control board, and implements internal CAN communication.

[0042] The main control module is primarily responsible for logging mode management, data uploading, and instrument operating status monitoring.

[0043] The storage module primarily receives data from the data acquisition board, provides a USB data interface for ground equipment, and enables internal CAN bus communication within the instrument. It applies the data transmission method of the aforementioned acoustic logging array receiving instrument to the panoramic acoustic imaging logging tool. It receives command information transmitted via a 7-core cable and a 10-core sheath, and demodulates, isolates, and drives this information to each module node.

[0044] The above scheme realizes the demodulation of commands sent to the surface system; realizes the transmission and storage of a large amount of data received downhole from 96 full-wave trains in 6 acoustic transducer transmission modes in each mode; and sends instrument status data and some logging data to the surface system, realizing the storage of a large amount of data downhole and bidirectional data transmission with the surface system.

[0045] For panoramic acoustic imaging logging instruments, the following functions need to be achieved: First, to fully record the waveform curves received by all 96 transducers in 6 modes; second, to monitor the working status of the downhole instrument and view some downhole data in real time during the instrument's operation; and third, to be able to quickly store data downhole to ensure the quality of logging data.

[0046] Because there are multiple logging modes and the downhole sensors are array receivers, the data volume is large. Due to the limitations of cable transmission rates, it is not possible to transmit all downhole data to the surface in real time. Therefore, panoramic acoustic imaging logging tools use a method of uploading instrument status data and partial data, while storing the rest of the data downhole to achieve logging operations.

[0047] See Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the connection between downhole instruments and the surface system. A 7-core cable connects the surface system and the instruments, enabling the surface system to supply power to the downhole instruments and facilitating data transmission between the surface system and the remote gamma-ray instrument. The remote gamma-ray instrument primarily decodes commands issued by the surface system and sends them to different downhole instruments, encodes and uploads downhole instrument data to the surface system, and uploads status data from different instruments.

[0048] See Figure 2The diagram illustrates the downhole instrument command and data transmission. The downhole remote gamma instrument and the surface system communicate via CAN, referred to as System CAN1, primarily for data transmission between the surface system and the remote gamma instrument over a long cable. The panoramic acoustic imaging logging instrument also uses CAN communication internally, referred to as Internal CAN2, primarily for data transmission between the instrument's various modules. Data transmission control between CAN1 and CAN2 is implemented by the main control module. The main control module's functions include demodulating commands from the surface system and sending them to the corresponding modules; sending commands to the transmission control module to control transducer transmission; monitoring the downhole instrument's operating status and uploading monitoring data to the surface system; controlling the acquisition module to collect downhole instrument data; and extracting partial data for uploading to the surface system.

[0049] See Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the workflow of the downhole instrument. After powering on the downhole instrument and establishing normal communication, the ground sends commands to the remote gamma-ray instrument. The remote gamma-ray instrument transmits these commands to the main control module of the panoramic acoustic imaging logging tool. The main control module demodulates the commands, including parameters such as the operating mode, current time, number of sampling points, sampling time, and sampling delay, and sends them to the acquisition module. The acquisition module samples data according to the received commands, and after sampling, transmits the data to the storage board for data storage. Simultaneously, it selects a portion of the data to upload to the main control module based on commands from the main control module. The main control module then transmits the data to the remote gamma-ray instrument, which uploads it to the surface system.

[0050] See Figure 4 This is a timing diagram of the downhole instrument's operating modes. One cycle is 1 second, containing 6 excitation modes. There is a 100ms pause before the first mode, and each mode has a cycle of 150ms. The main control module can continue uploading after executing a command; the transmission control module has a charging time of 70ms, transmits the first mode at 170ms, and then transmits the corresponding mode every 150ms; the acquisition module acquires data after a delay after transmission, and after acquisition, transmits the data to the storage module and transmits the uploaded data to the main control module; the storage module receives data after the acquisition module acquires it and begins real-time data storage, controlling the independent pin signals of each FLASH storage array, supporting status query, pipelined read and write operations for each FLASH chip.

[0051] See Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the storage module's operation. The storage module mainly includes: a DSP, an FPGA, a CAN transceiver, a USB controller, and four FLASH storage arrays. The DSP provides a CAN bus interface, connecting the storage module to the instrument's internal CAN bus to receive commands from the control module and transmit logging data. The FPGA mainly controls external interfaces, including a data acquisition interface, a FLASH storage array interface, and a surface USB data interface. The instrument is equipped with a USB interface, which, in the absence of instrument power, executes commands from the surface equipment via the USB controller to transmit data stored in the FLASH storage arrays to the surface equipment.

[0052] To achieve the following innovative objectives:

[0053] 1) Utilizing mature SPI data transmission technology and CAN bus communication technology, real-time logging data from 8 acquisition strips is collected, enabling high-speed transmission and storage of large amounts of downhole data by the panoramic acoustic imaging logging tool;

[0054] 2) By utilizing the designed data control module, data acquisition module, and storage module, signal modulation, transmission, and demodulation can be accurately achieved;

[0055] 3) To demodulate commands issued by the surface system and send them to different downhole functional modules, and to transmit downhole instrument status data and logging data to the surface system;

[0056] 4) Achieve separate control for downhole data transmission and external data transmission;

[0057] 5) Use the USB interface to read data.

[0058] This invention enables the application of a method for storing large amounts of data downhole while simultaneously transmitting data bidirectionally to the surface system in a panoramic acoustic imaging logging tool. This invention achieves a maximum data transmission rate of 5 Mbytes / s during downhole storage, while simultaneously enabling bidirectional data transmission with the surface system.

[0059] A schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The terminal device of this embodiment includes: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps in the various method embodiments described above. Alternatively, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the functions of each module / unit in the various device embodiments described above.

[0060] The computer program can be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to complete the present invention.

[0061] The terminal device may be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, or cloud server, etc. The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory.

[0062] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.

[0063] The memory can be used to store the computer program and / or module. The processor implements various functions of the terminal device by running or executing the computer program and / or module stored in the memory and calling the data stored in the memory.

[0064] If the modules / units integrated into the terminal device are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content included in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately added or removed according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media do not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0065] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A data transmission method for an array-received acoustic logging instrument, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Obtain commands sent by the ground system and demodulate them, then send the demodulated commands to each execution module. Each execution module executes the commands and sends back data. S2: Collect feedback data from each execution module in real time, store a portion of the collected feedback data in the data storage, and feed the other portion of the data back to the ground system; The commands issued by the ground system in S1 include: Parameters including working mode, current time, number of sampling points, sampling time, and sampling delay; The working mode includes 6 excitation modes. The cycle period of each of the 6 excitation modes is 1 second, with a 100ms empty space before each mode and a cycle of 150ms for each mode. S2 includes: It receives data from the data acquisition board, provides a USB data interface for ground equipment and enables internal CAN bus communication of the instrument, receives command information transmitted by the 7-core cable and the 10-core cable sheath, and demodulates, isolates and drives the information to each module node. During data transmission, the ground system and the instruments are connected by a 7-core cable. The ground system supplies power to the downhole instruments and transmits data between the ground system and the remote gamma instrument on the long cable. The remote gamma instrument decodes the commands issued by the ground system and sends them to different downhole instruments. At the same time, it encodes and uploads downhole instrument data to the ground system and uploads status data of different instruments.

2. The data transmission method for an array-received acoustic logging instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, Commands sent by the ground system are transmitted via cable.

3. A data transmission system for an array-receiving acoustic logging instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a main control module, a data acquisition module, and a storage module; The main control module is used to acquire and demodulate commands sent by the ground system, send the demodulated commands to each execution module, receive data from each execution module, and transmit the feedback data to the ground system. The data acquisition module is used to collect feedback data and send a portion of the data back to the main control module. The storage module is used to store a portion of the acquired signal.

4. The data transmission system for an array-received acoustic logging instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that, Commands sent by the ground system are transmitted to the main control module via the remote gamma instrument module.

5. A data transmission system for an array-receiving acoustic logging instrument according to any one of claims 3-4, characterized in that, The storage module is also used to provide a USB data interface to the ground, execute instructions issued by the ground system, and transmit the stored data to the ground system.

6. The data transmission system for an array-received acoustic logging instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main control module is also used to monitor the working status of downhole instruments and transmit the detection data to the ground system.

7. A terminal device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-2.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-2.

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