Automatic descaling device for fire tubes of fire tube heating furnaces

Abstract

The present invention provides an automatic fire tube descaling device for a fire tube heating furnace. The device comprises a liquid inlet pipe, a three-way valve, two diverter pipes, two pipe supports, two shaft supports, two copper sleeves, four sealing rings, two bearing seats, a swing pipe rack, four push-pull arms, four ratchet plates, two long shafts, four retaining rings, and two sets of scraper tubes. The swing pipe rack serves as a liquid spray fluid channel and a swing body support, and is composed of two pipe shaft sections, two vertical pipe sections, four pairs of lugs, two jet tubes, multiple nozzles, two short pipes, and two connecting columns. The present invention relies on the reaction force of the liquid injection to drive the scraping motion, does not require an external motor drive and dynamic sealing structure, and does not require complex transmission structures such as gears, resulting in high safety and reliability. The device does not get stuck during the scraping process, and the scraped scale is subsequently blown away by the sprayed liquid and does not remain on the surface of the fire tube, resulting in an excellent descaling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a fire tube descaling mechanical device for a fire tube type heating furnace commonly used in oil fields. Background Art

[0002] A horizontal fire tube heating furnace consists of two fire tubes and a smoke tube. Due to its simple structure and easy maintenance, fire tube heating furnaces are widely used in oil fields and other fields. However, the large diameter and high temperature of the fire tubes in fire tube heating furnaces make them prone to depositing impurities and scaling on the tube surfaces, reducing heating efficiency and easily leading to overheating and even burnout.

[0003] Currently, some fire tube descaling devices for fire tube heating furnaces have been developed, such as the automatic oilfield fire tube descaling device (CN106091800B). However, these devices require a motor-driven mechanism. Specifically, a drive motor is installed outside the furnace, which transmits power to the furnace via a drive shaft. This drives the descaling components through gears and other mechanisms. The complex structure of the transmission components makes them prone to problems such as jamming when encountering obstacles. Furthermore, the dynamic seal where the drive shaft enters the furnace is prone to leakage, resulting in poor reliability and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background technology, the present invention provides an automatic fire tube descaling device for a fire tube type heating furnace, which relies on liquid spray to push the descaling component to swing, does not require an external furnace motor drive, does not require gear or sprocket transmission and dynamic sealing structure, and has good reliability and safety.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: the device consists of 1 liquid inlet pipe, 1 three-way valve, 2 diversion pipes, 2 pipe supports, 2 shaft supports, 2 copper sleeves, 4 sealing rings, 2 bearing seats, 1 swing pipe rack, 4 push-pull arms, 4 ratchet pieces, 2 long shafts, 4 retaining rings, and 2 sets of scraper cylinders.

[0006] The liquid inlet pipe is arranged in the middle outside the furnace, the lower end is connected to the original liquid inlet pipeline of the heating furnace, and the upper end is connected to the three-way valve.

[0007] The three-way valve is an electrically controlled three-way valve, which connects the liquid inlet pipe and the two diversion pipes. The inlet channel of the three-way valve is switched regularly and alternately connected to the channels of the two diversion pipes through electrical control, thereby providing water spraying power for the swing pipe rack to implement bidirectional swinging.

[0008] One end of the two diversion pipes is connected to the three-way valve outside the furnace, and the other end enters the furnace and is arranged on the pipe bracket on the left and right sides. The pipe ends are thickened and expanded to support and connect with the swing pipe rack.

[0009] The copper sleeve and the sealing ring are installed on the thickened and expanded hole end of the diversion pipe to reduce friction and seal the rotation of the swing pipe rack.

[0010] The shaft support and the bearing seat serve as the other end support of the oscillating tube frame.

[0011] The swing pipe rack is arranged between the two fire tubes of the heating furnace, and the lower part is connected to the diverter pipe, serving as a liquid spray fluid channel and a swing body bracket. It is welded together by two pipe shaft sections, two vertical pipe sections, four pairs of lugs, two jet pipes, multiple nozzles, two short pipe sections, and two connecting columns; the two pipe shaft sections are horizontally installed between the copper sleeve and the bearing seat, and the inner hole on one side of the pipe shaft section is connected to the diverter pipe; the lower ends of the two vertical pipe sections are connected to the pipe shaft section, the upper ends are closed, and the two side surfaces of the upper and middle parts are connected to the two pairs of lugs; a One side surface of the upper part of the vertical pipe section is connected to the short pipe, and the other side surface is welded with a connecting column; the same side surface of the upper part of the other vertical pipe section is welded with a connecting column, and the other same side surface is connected to the short pipe; the jet pipes are two long pipes arranged horizontally in the same direction as the heating furnace fire pipes, each of the jet pipes is connected to the short pipe on one of the vertical pipe sections, and is welded and supported to the connecting column on the same side surface of the other vertical pipe section; the outer side of each jet pipe is connected to multiple nozzles, which spray liquid to provide reaction force and flush the scraper cylinder.

[0012] The circular hole at one end of the push-pull arm is hinged to the support ear of the swing pipe frame through a pin, and the circular hole at the other end is passed through the long shaft; two threaded holes are processed on the top of the push-pull arm, and the ratchet piece is fixed by bolts.

[0013] The ratchet piece is an elastic thin plate with a notch in the middle of one end to avoid the push-pull arm. Both sides of the notch press on the ratchet body of the scraper cylinder to ensure that the scraper cylinder rotates in one direction and remains stationary in the other direction.

[0014] The long axis passes through a group of three sections of the scraper cylinder and the two push-pull arms, and two retaining rings are fixed at both ends by nuts to prevent the scraper cylinder from falling off.

[0015] The scraper cylinder consists of a cylinder, a spiral blade, and a ratchet body; the cylinder and the long axis are clearance-fitted and can rotate; the spiral blade is welded to the cylinder to form the scraper body; each group of the scraper cylinders consists of three sections, wherein the ratchet body structure is processed at both ends of the cylinder of the scraper cylinder arranged between the two push-pull arms, and the ratchet body structure is processed at one end of the cylinder of the scraper cylinder arranged outside the two push-pull arms.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the device relies on the reaction force of the injection of liquid into the heating furnace to drive the scraping movement, does not require an external motor drive, does not require a dynamic sealing structure that is prone to leakage, and has high safety; (2) the scraping movement of the device is simply the swing tube frame pushing the scraping cylinder to roll through bidirectional swinging, does not require complex transmission structures such as gears, and has good reliability; (3) during the rolling process of the scraping cylinder of the device, it can be lifted up and passed over when encountering an obstacle, and will not get stuck; (4) the scale scraped off by the device is then blown away by the liquid sprayed from the nozzle, and will not stay on the upper surface of the fire tube, and the descaling effect is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a cutaway front view of the device;

[0018] Figure 2 is a top view of the device;

[0019] Figure 3 is a cutaway left side view of the device;

[0020] Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of the outer appearance of the oscillating pipe rack of the device;

[0021] Figure 5 A cutaway perspective view of the oscillating pipe rack of the device;

[0022] Figure 6 A perspective view of the scraper cartridge of the device;

[0023] Figure 7 is a front view of the push-pull arm of the device;

[0024] Figure 8 is a front view of the pawl piece of the device;

[0025] Figure 9 A front view showing the assembly and matching of the push-pull arm, the ratchet plate, and the scraper cylinder;

[0026] Figure 10 A cutaway front view of the device installed in a heating furnace;

[0027] Figure 11 A cutaway top view of the device installed in a heating furnace;

[0028] Figure 12 A cutaway left side view of the device installed in a heating furnace;

[0029] Figure 13 It is a cutaway left view of the swing pipe rack spraying liquid and swinging to push the scraper cylinder to remove scale.

[0030] In the figure: 1. liquid inlet pipe; 2. three-way valve; 3. diverter pipe; 4. pipe bracket; 5. shaft bracket; 6. copper sleeve; 7. sealing ring; 8. bearing seat; 9. swing pipe rack, 901. pipe shaft section, 902. vertical pipe section, 903. lug, 904. jet pipe, 905. nozzle, 906. short pipe, 907. connecting column; 10. push-pull arm; 11. ratchet piece; 12. long shaft; 13. retaining ring; 14. scraper cylinder, 1401. cylinder, 1402. spiral blade, 1403. ratchet body; 15. shell; 16. fire pipe; 17. smoke pipe; 18. chimney. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following combination Figures 1 to 13 The present invention will be further described:

[0032] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an automatic descaling device for a fire tube type heating furnace is provided, the device comprising a liquid inlet pipe (1), a three-way valve (2), two diversion pipes (3), two pipe supports (4), two shaft supports (5), two copper sleeves (6), four sealing rings (7), two bearing seats (8), a swing pipe rack (9), four push-pull arms (10), four ratchet pieces (11), two long shafts (12), four retaining rings (13), and two sets of scraping cylinders (14).

[0033] The liquid inlet pipe (1) is arranged in the middle of the furnace exterior, with its lower end connected to the original liquid inlet pipe of the heating furnace and its upper end connected to the three-way valve (2).

[0034] The three-way valve (2) is an electrically controlled three-way valve, which connects the liquid inlet pipe (1) and the two diversion pipes (3). The inlet channel of the three-way valve (2) is switched by electrical control in a timed manner and alternately connected to the channels of the two diversion pipes (3), thereby providing water spraying power for the swing pipe rack (9) to implement bidirectional swinging.

[0035] One end of the two diversion pipes (3) is connected to the three-way valve (2) outside the furnace, and the other end enters the furnace and is arranged on the left and right sides of the pipe support (4) separately. The pipe ends are thickened and expanded to support and connect to the swing pipe rack (9).

[0036] The copper sleeve (6) and the sealing ring (7) are installed at the thickened and expanded end of the diversion pipe (3) to reduce friction and seal the rotation of the swing pipe rack (9).

[0037] The shaft support (5) and the bearing seat (8) serve as the other end support of the oscillating tube frame (9).

[0038] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the swing pipe rack (9) is arranged between the two fire tubes (16) of the heating furnace, and the lower part is connected to the diverter pipe (3), serving as a liquid spray fluid channel and a swing body bracket, and is welded together by two pipe shaft sections (901), two vertical pipe sections (902), four pairs of lugs (903), two jet pipes (904), multiple nozzles (905), two short pipe sections (906), and two connecting columns (907); the two pipe shaft sections (901) are respectively installed horizontally between the copper sleeve (6) and the bearing seat (8), and the inner hole on one side of the pipe shaft section (901) is connected to the diverter pipe (3); the lower ends of the two vertical pipe sections (902) are connected to the pipe shaft section (901), the upper ends are closed, and the two side surfaces of the upper and middle parts are connected to the two pairs of lugs (903); One side surface of the upper portion of one vertical pipe section (902) is connected to the short pipe section (906), and the other side surface is welded to a connecting column (907); the same side surface of the upper portion of another vertical pipe section (902) is welded to a connecting column (907), and the other same side surface is connected to the short pipe section (906); the jet pipes (904) are two long pipes arranged horizontally in the same direction as the heating furnace fire pipe (16); each jet pipe (904) is connected to the short pipe section (906) on one vertical pipe section (902) and is welded to the connecting column (907) on the same side surface of the other vertical pipe section (902) for support; the outer side of each jet pipe (904) is connected to a plurality of nozzles (905) for spraying liquid to provide a reaction force and flush the scraper cylinder (14).

[0039] like Figure 7 As shown, the circular hole at one end of the push-pull arm (10) is hinged to the support ear (903) of the swing tube frame (9) through a pin, and the circular hole at the other end is passed through the long shaft (12); two threaded holes are processed on the top of the push-pull arm (10), and the ratchet plate (11) is fixed by bolts.

[0040] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the ratchet piece (11) is an elastic thin plate with a notch in the middle of one end to avoid the push-pull arm (10), and both sides of the notch press on the ratchet body (1403) of the scraper cylinder (14), ensuring that the scraper cylinder (14) rotates in one direction and remains stationary in the other direction.

[0041] The long shaft (12) passes through a set of three sections of the scraper cylinder (14) and the two push-pull arms (10), and two retaining rings (13) are fixed at both ends by nuts to prevent the scraper cylinder (14) from falling off.

[0042] like Figure 6As shown, the scraping cylinder (14) is composed of a cylinder (1401), a spiral blade (1402), and a ratchet body (1403); the cylinder (1401) and the long shaft (12) are in clearance fit and can rotate; the spiral blade (1402) is welded to the cylinder (1401) to form a scraping body; each group of the scraping cylinder (14) is composed of three sections, wherein the ratchet body (1403) structure is processed at both ends of the cylinder (1401) of the scraping cylinder (14) arranged between the two push-pull arms (10), and the ratchet body (1403) structure is processed at one end of the cylinder (1401) of the scraping cylinder (14) arranged outside the two push-pull arms (10).

[0043] like Figures 10 to 13 As shown, the device of the present invention is installed in the middle and upper areas of the two fire tubes of the fire tube heating furnace, and the alternating switching time interval of the three-way valve (2) is preset before use. The specific working principle of the device is as follows:

[0044] When the three-way valve (2) switches the channel connecting the liquid inlet pipe (1) and one of the branch pipes (3), the other branch pipe (3) is closed; the oil-water medium to be heated enters the pipe shaft section (901), the vertical pipe section (902), the short pipe section (906), and the jet pipe (904) on the connecting side of the swing pipe rack (9) along the channel under the action of the pump pressure outside the furnace, and is ejected to one side through the plurality of nozzles (905); while blowing the corresponding fire pipe (16) and the scraping cylinder (14), a reaction force is generated to push the swing pipe rack (9) Swing; under the traction or push of the push-pull arm (10), the two groups of scraping cylinders (14) move on the upper surfaces of the two fire tubes (16); when the rotation of one group of scraping cylinders (14) is blocked by the ratchet piece (11), the scraping cylinders (14) of this group move on the upper surface of the corresponding fire tube (16) to scrape dirt; the scraping cylinders (14) of the other group are not blocked by the ratchet piece (11) and rotate, thereby avoiding contact and scraping with the surface of the fire tube (16) at the same position.

[0045] When the swing pipe rack (9) swings to one side, the three-way valve (2) switches the channel to connect the liquid inlet pipe (1) and the channel of the other branch pipe (3); the oil-water medium enters the pipe shaft section (901), the vertical pipe section (902), the short pipe section (906), and the jet pipe (904) connected to the other side of the swing pipe rack (9) along the channel, and is ejected through the multiple nozzles (905); while blowing the corresponding fire pipe (16) and the scraping cylinder (14), the swing pipe rack (9) is pushed to swing in the opposite direction, and the scraping cylinder (14) moves on the upper surface of the fire pipe (16) to scrape dirt.

[0046] In this way, the switching fluid channel of the three-way valve (2) drives the swing pipe rack (9) to swing in both directions, so that the scraping cylinder (14) can scrape dirt by reciprocating motion on the upper surface of the fire tube (16).

Claims

1. An automatic descaling device for fire tubes of a fire tube type heating furnace, characterized by: The device comprises a liquid inlet pipe (1), a three-way valve (2), two diversion pipes (3), two pipe supports (4), two shaft supports (5), two bearing seats (8), a swing pipe rack (9), four push-pull arms (10), two long shafts (12), four retaining rings (13), and two sets of scraper cylinders (14); The liquid inlet pipe (1) is arranged in the middle of the furnace; the three-way valve (2) is an electrically controlled three-way valve, connecting the liquid inlet pipe (1) and the two diversion pipes (3), and the inlet channel of the three-way valve (2) is switched and alternately connected to the channels of the two diversion pipes (3) by electrical control; one end of the two diversion pipes (3) is connected to the three-way valve (2) outside the furnace, and the other end enters the furnace and is arranged on the left and right sides of the pipe support (4), and the pipe ends are thickened and expanded to support and connect to the swing pipe support (9); The swing pipe rack (9) is arranged between the two fire tubes (16) of the heating furnace, and the lower part is connected to the diverter pipe (3), serving as a liquid spray fluid channel and a swing body support. It is welded together by two pipe shaft sections (901), two vertical pipe sections (902), four pairs of lugs (903), two jet pipes (904), multiple nozzles (905), two short pipes (906), and two connecting columns (907); The circular hole at one end of the push-pull arm (10) is hinged to the support ear (903) of the swing pipe frame (9) through a pin, and the circular hole at the other end is passed through the long shaft (12); The long shaft (12) passes through a set of three sections of the scraper cylinder (14) and the two push-pull arms (10), and two retaining rings (13) are fixed at both ends by nuts to prevent the scraper cylinder (14) from falling off; The scraping cylinder (14) is composed of a cylinder (1401) and spiral blades (1402); the cylinder (1401) and the long shaft (12) are in clearance fit and can rotate; the spiral blades (1402) are welded to the cylinder (1401) to form a scraping body.

2. The automatic descaling device for fire tubes of a fire tube type heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layout and channels of the various parts of the swing pipe rack (9) are arranged in the following structural form: The two pipe shaft sections (901) are respectively installed horizontally between the thickened and expanded pipe ends of the diverter pipe (3) and the bearing seat (8), and the inner hole of the pipe shaft section (901) on one side is connected to the diverter pipe (3); the lower ends of the two vertical pipe sections (902) are connected to the pipe shaft section (901), the upper ends are closed, and the two side surfaces of the middle and upper parts are connected to the two pairs of the support ears (903); one side surface of the upper part of one vertical pipe section (902) is connected to the short pipe section (906), and the other side surface is welded to the connecting column (907); the other vertical pipe A connecting column (907) is welded on the same side of the upper portion of the vertical pipe section (902), and the other same side is connected to the short pipe section (906); the jet pipe (904) is two long pipes arranged horizontally in the same direction as the heating furnace fire pipe (16); each jet pipe (904) is connected to the short pipe section (906) on one vertical pipe section (902) and is welded and supported to the connecting column (907) on the same side of the other vertical pipe section (902); the outer side of each jet pipe (904) is connected to a plurality of nozzles (905).

3. The automatic fire tube descaling device for a fire tube type heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of the scraping cylinders (14) consists of three sections, wherein the two ends of the cylinder (1401) of the scraping cylinder (14) arranged between the two push-pull arms (10) are processed with ratchet body (1403) structures, and the one end of the cylinder (1401) of the scraping cylinder (14) arranged outside the two push-pull arms (10) is processed with the ratchet body (1403) structure; Two threaded holes are machined on the push-pull arm (10), and a ratchet piece (11) is fixed by bolts; the ratchet piece (11) is an elastic thin plate, and a notch is opened in the middle of one end to avoid the push-pull arm (10), and both sides of the notch are pressed on the ratchet body (1403) of the scraper cylinder (14), ensuring that the scraper cylinder (14) rotates in one rotation direction and remains stationary in the other rotation direction.

4. The automatic fire tube descaling device for a fire tube type heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A copper sleeve (6) and a sealing ring (7) are added and installed in the thickened and expanded end of the diverter pipe (3) to reduce friction and seal the rotation of the swing pipe frame (9).

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