Dual-polarized antenna unit, antenna module and base station

Abstract

This application provides a dual-polarized antenna element, antenna module, and base station. The dual-polarized antenna element includes a first polarized radiating element, a second polarized radiating element, and a feeding structure. The feeding structure includes a first transmission line, a second transmission line, and a first decoupling stub. The first polarized radiating element includes a first positive radiating terminal connected to the first transmission line and a grounded first negative radiating terminal. The second polarized radiating element includes a second positive radiating terminal connected to the second transmission line and a grounded second negative radiating terminal. The first polarized radiating element and the second negative radiating terminal are coupled to generate a first coupling current at the second negative radiating terminal. The two ends of the first decoupling stub are respectively connected to the feed and the second negative radiating terminal to provide a first decoupling current at the second negative radiating terminal. The first decoupling current is used to cancel at least part of the first coupling current, reducing the interference of the second negative radiating terminal from the first polarized radiating element, thereby meeting the requirements for different isolation levels in the dual-polarized antenna element.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a dual-polarized antenna unit, antenna module and base station. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of communication technology, communication antennas have evolved from single-polarization to dual-polarization. However, dual-polarized antenna elements, and even the two polarizations within a single element, are prone to mutual interference during operation. This leads to poor isolation between the elements and between the two polarizations, resulting in reduced antenna performance and impacting base station communication performance. Decoupling designs between different antenna elements, such as placing decoupling networks on reflectors, increase the number of antenna components and integration complexity, as well as the complexity and cost of antenna manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a dual-polarized antenna unit, antenna module, and base station. By setting a first decoupling stub, the interference of the second radiating negative terminal in the dual-polarized antenna unit to the first polarized radiating unit is reduced, thereby improving the isolation of the dual-polarized antenna unit.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a dual-polarized antenna element, comprising a feed structure, a first polarized radiating element, and a second polarized radiating element. The feed structure includes a first transmission line, a second transmission line, and a first decoupling stub electrically connected to a feed source. The first polarized radiating element includes a first positive radiating terminal and a first negative radiating terminal coupled together, the first positive radiating terminal being connected to the first transmission line, and the first negative radiating terminal being grounded. The second polarized radiating element includes a second positive radiating terminal and a second negative radiating terminal coupled together, the second positive radiating terminal being connected to the second transmission line, and the second negative radiating terminal being grounded. The first polarized radiating element and the second negative radiating terminal are coupled to generate a first coupling current at the second negative radiating terminal. The first polarized radiating element and the second polarized radiating element are located at the same end of the feed structure. One end of the first decoupling stub is connected to the feed source, and the other end of the first decoupling stub is connected to the second negative radiating terminal to provide a first decoupling current at the second negative radiating terminal, the first decoupling current being used to cancel at least a portion of the first coupling current.

[0005] In this embodiment, the signal in the first polarized radiation unit is transmitted along a first direction, and the signal in the second polarized radiation unit is transmitted along a second direction. The first and second directions intersect, and in one embodiment, the first and second directions intersect perpendicularly. In one embodiment, the feed sources connected to the first and second transmission lines are the same feed source or different feed sources, which can be set according to the actual needs of the first and second polarized radiation units. In one embodiment, the first decoupling stub is directly electrically connected to the feed source, or the first decoupling stub is connected to the first transmission line and indirectly connected to the feed source through the first transmission line.

[0006] In one embodiment, the polarization of the first polarized radiation unit and the second polarized radiation unit can be positive 45° / negative 45° polarization, vertical / horizontal polarization, or left-handed / right-handed circular polarization. In another embodiment, the first polarized radiation unit and the second polarized radiation unit include, but are not limited to, half-wavelength oscillators, full-wavelength oscillators, and ring oscillators.

[0007] When the first polarized radiation unit radiates a signal into free space, a portion of the signal is coupled into the second negative radiation terminal. The signal coupled from the first polarized radiation unit to the second negative radiation terminal generates the first coupling current. The first coupling current propagates in the second negative radiation terminal along the second direction, causing the second negative radiation terminal to be interfered with by the first polarized radiation unit. The isolation between the second negative radiation terminal and the first polarized radiation unit is low, thereby affecting the communication performance of the second negative radiation terminal.

[0008] In this embodiment, through the configuration of the first decoupling stub, one end of the first decoupling stub is connected to the feed source. A portion of the signal from the feed source enters the first decoupling stub, forming the first decoupling current. Since the other end of the first decoupling stub is connected to the second negative radiating terminal, the first decoupling current flows from the first decoupling stub to the second negative radiating terminal. That is, the first decoupling current propagates along a third direction in the second negative radiating terminal, which is opposite to the second direction. The propagation direction of the first decoupling current in the second negative radiating terminal is opposite to the propagation direction of the first coupling current in the second negative radiating terminal. The first decoupling current cancels at least a portion of the first coupling current. In one embodiment, the first decoupling current cancels all of the first coupling current. In another embodiment, according to the needs of the applicable scenario, the length, width, resistance, and other characteristics of the first decoupling stub are designed to allow the first decoupling current to cancel a portion of the first coupling current, thereby meeting the requirements for different isolation levels in the dual-polarized antenna element.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the feed structure further includes a second decoupling stub, one end of which is connected to the feed source, and the other end of which is connected to the first negative radiating terminal to provide a second decoupling current to the first negative radiating terminal. The second polarized radiating element is coupled to the first negative radiating terminal to generate a second coupling current at the first negative radiating terminal. The second decoupling current is used to cancel at least a portion of the second coupling current. In one embodiment, the second decoupling stub is directly electrically connected to the feed source, or the second decoupling stub is connected to the second transmission line and indirectly connected to the feed source through the second transmission line.

[0010] When the second polarized radiation unit radiates a signal into free space, a portion of the signal is coupled into the first negative radiation terminal. The signal coupled to the first negative radiation terminal by the second polarized radiation unit generates the second coupling current. The second coupling current propagates in the second negative radiation terminal along the first direction, causing the first negative radiation terminal to be interfered with by the second polarized radiation unit. The isolation between the first negative radiation terminal and the second polarized radiation unit is reduced, thereby affecting the communication performance of the first negative radiation terminal.

[0011] In this embodiment, through the setting of the second decoupling stub, one end of the second decoupling stub is connected to the feed source. Part of the signal from the feed source enters the second decoupling stub, forming the second decoupling current. Since the other end of the second decoupling stub is connected to the first radiating negative terminal, the second decoupling current flows from the second decoupling stub to the first radiating negative terminal. That is, the second decoupling current propagates along a fourth direction in the first radiating negative terminal, which is opposite to the first direction. The propagation direction of the second decoupling current in the first radiating negative terminal is opposite to the propagation direction of the second coupling current in the first radiating negative terminal. The second decoupling current cancels at least a portion of the second coupling current. In one embodiment, the second decoupling current cancels all of the second coupling current. In another embodiment, according to the needs of the applicable scenario, the length, width, resistance, and other characteristics of the second decoupling stub are designed to make the first decoupling current cancel a portion of the second coupling current, thereby meeting the requirements for different isolation levels in the dual-polarized antenna element.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first transmission line, the second transmission line, the first decoupling stub, and the second decoupling stub are metal wires, stripline structures, or microstrip structures.

[0013] By setting the first and second decoupling stubs, on the one hand, the coupling effect between the first and second polarized radiating elements in the dual-polarized antenna unit can be eliminated or reduced, improving the cross-polarization isolation of the dual-polarized antenna unit and enhancing its communication performance. On the other hand, when multiple dual-polarized antenna units exist, coupling occurs between them. For example, by setting the first and second decoupling stubs, one dual-polarized antenna unit can eliminate or reduce the coupling effect between the first and second polarized radiating elements in that unit, improving the isolation between the multiple units and enhancing their communication performance. Furthermore, each dual-polarized antenna unit can independently generate decoupling effects without relying on other units, reducing the number of antenna components and assembly complexity, while also lowering the complexity and cost of antenna manufacturing.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first decoupling stub has a length of 0.14 wavelengths to eliminate the first coupling current. The second decoupling stub has a length of 0.15 wavelengths to eliminate the second coupling current. In one embodiment, the isolation between the first and second polarized radiating elements is less than 20 dB. When the length of the first decoupling stub is set to 0.14 wavelengths and the length of the second decoupling stub is set to 0.15 wavelengths, the isolation between the first and second polarized radiating elements can be greater than 20 dB. In one embodiment, the isolation between the first and second polarized radiating elements is 18 dB. When the length of the first decoupling stub is set to 0.14 wavelengths and the length of the second decoupling stub is set to 0.15 wavelengths, the isolation between the first and second polarized radiating elements can be greater than 30 dB. In other embodiments, the length, width, resistance, and other characteristics of the first and second decoupling stubs can be set according to the structural or electrical parameters of the first and second polarized radiation units to improve the isolation between the first and second polarized radiation units.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the power supply structure further includes a first outer conductor and a second outer conductor, wherein the first radiating negative terminal is connected to the first outer conductor and grounded through the first outer conductor; and the second radiating negative terminal is connected to the second outer conductor and grounded through the second outer conductor.

[0016] In one embodiment, the first outer conductor and the second outer conductor are arranged independently and parallel to each other. In one embodiment, at least a portion of the first transmission line is parallel to the first outer conductor, and at least a portion of the second transmission line is parallel to the second outer conductor. In one embodiment, the first outer conductor is arranged at an angle to the first negative radiating terminal, and the second outer conductor is arranged at an angle to the second negative radiating terminal. In one embodiment, the first outer conductor is perpendicular to the first negative radiating terminal, and the second outer conductor is perpendicular to the second negative radiating terminal. In one embodiment, the first outer conductor and the second outer conductor are straight or curved, and may also be other shapes to meet the arrangement requirements of different dual-polarized antenna elements.

[0017] The first outer conductor is coupled to the first transmission line, and the signal transmission directions in the first transmission line and the first outer conductor are opposite. The second outer conductor is coupled to the second transmission line, and the signal transmission directions in the second transmission line and the second outer conductor are opposite. In one embodiment, at least a portion of the first transmission line is fixed to the first outer conductor and insulated from it, and at least a portion of the second transmission line is fixed to the second outer conductor and insulated from it, which can reduce the volume of the feeding structure and miniaturize the dual-polarized antenna element. In one embodiment, the first outer conductor is a hollow structure, and at least a portion of the first transmission line is located inside the first outer conductor and spaced apart from it. In one embodiment, the second outer conductor is a hollow structure, and at least a portion of the second transmission line is located inside the second outer conductor and spaced apart from it.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the power supply structure further includes a first insulating plate and a second insulating plate, with the first decoupling stub and the first transmission line located on one side of the first insulating plate and the first outer conductor located on the other side of the first insulating plate; the second decoupling stub and the second transmission line located on one side of the second insulating plate and the second outer conductor located on the other side of the second insulating plate.

[0019] In one embodiment, the first decoupling stub, the first transmission belt line, and the first outer conductor are all fixed to the first insulating plate, and the first decoupling stub and the first transmission belt line are not in contact with the first outer conductor. In another embodiment, the second decoupling stub, the second transmission belt line, and the second outer conductor are all fixed to the first insulating plate, and the second decoupling stub and the second transmission belt line are not in contact with the second outer conductor.

[0020] By using the first and second insulating plates, the insulation effect between the first decoupling stub and the first transmission line and the first outer conductor is enhanced, as is the insulation effect between the second decoupling stub and the second transmission line and the second outer conductor, thereby improving the signal transmission and reception efficiency of the dual-polarized antenna unit. Furthermore, integrating the first decoupling stub, the first transmission line, and the first outer conductor onto the first insulating plate, and integrating the second decoupling stub, the second transmission line, and the second outer conductor onto the second insulating plate, simplifies the various circuit arrangements of the feeding structure, avoiding difficulties in maintenance and inspection caused by chaotic circuit layouts. Moreover, using rigid first and second insulating plates improves the overall rigidity of the feeding structure, giving it greater stability during operation of the dual-polarized antenna unit and preventing damage from vibration, making it suitable for harsh environments.

[0021] In one embodiment, the first insulating plate and the second insulating plate are arranged intersecting or parallel. In another embodiment, the first insulating plate is perpendicular to the second insulating plate. Both the first and second insulating plates are U-shaped. The first insulating plate has a first recess, and the second insulating plate has a second recess. The first and second recesses are intersecting, with the first recess inserted into the second recess. The first transmission belt line and the first outer conductor are located on two opposite sides of the first insulating plate. The first decoupling stub and the first transmission belt line are located on the same side of the first insulating plate, and are located on both sides of the first recess of the first insulating plate. The first outer conductor is adjacent to the first transmission belt line compared to the first decoupling stub. The second transmission belt line and the second outer conductor are located on two opposite sides of the second insulating plate. The second decoupling stub and the second transmission belt line are located on the same side of the second insulating plate, and are located on the side of the second recess of the second insulating plate away from the first recess. The second outer conductor is adjacent to the second transmission belt line compared to the second decoupling stub. The first insulating plate and the second insulating plate are snapped together by the first recess and the second recess, which facilitates assembly and fixation.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the first insulating plate, the first decoupling stub, and the first transmission line are integrated into a single structure, which can reduce the number of components and assembly time of the dual-polarized antenna unit, thereby lowering the cost of the dual-polarized antenna unit. In one embodiment, the second insulating plate, the second decoupling stub, and the second transmission line are integrated into a single structure. In another embodiment, the feeding structure is integrated into a single structure, further reducing the number of components and assembly time of the dual-polarized antenna unit.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the power supply structure includes a third outer conductor grounded, with the end of the first outer conductor away from the first negative radiating terminal connected to the third outer conductor, and the end of the second outer conductor away from the second negative radiating terminal connected to the third outer conductor. The first and second outer conductors are located at the same end of the third outer conductor.

[0024] In one embodiment, the extending direction of the first outer conductor intersects the extending direction of the second outer conductor, and the first, second, and third outer conductors are connected in a "Y" shape. In another embodiment, the extending direction of the first outer conductor is parallel to the extending direction of the second outer conductor. In one embodiment, the materials of the first, second, and third outer conductors are aluminum or other conductive materials.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the power supply structure further includes a first insulating plate and a second insulating plate, with the first outer conductor, the second outer conductor, and the third outer conductor located between the first insulating plate and the second insulating plate, the first decoupling stub and the first transmission line located on the side of the first insulating plate away from the first outer conductor, and the second decoupling stub and the second transmission line located on the side of the second insulating plate away from the second outer conductor.

[0026] On the one hand, the first insulating plate insulates and isolates the first decoupling stub and the first transmission line from the first outer conductor, the second outer conductor, and the third outer conductor, and the second insulating plate insulates and isolates the second decoupling stub and the second transmission line from the first outer conductor, the second outer conductor, and the third outer conductor, ensuring that each path is independent and does not interfere with each other, thus guaranteeing the normal operation of the dual-polarized antenna unit. On the other hand, the first decoupling stub and the first transmission line, the first insulating plate, the first outer conductor, the second outer conductor, the third outer conductor, the second insulating plate, the second decoupling stub, and the second transmission line are stacked in sequence. This "sandwich" structure simplifies the entire feeding structure and enables quick assembly of the dual-polarized antenna unit.

[0027] In one embodiment, the first decoupling stub and the first transmission line are fixedly connected to the first insulating plate, the first outer conductor, the second outer conductor and the third outer conductor are fixedly connected to at least one of the first insulating plate and the second insulating plate, and the second decoupling stub and the second transmission line are fixedly connected to the second insulating plate, making each component of the feeding structure more robust and preventing damage to the dual-polarized antenna unit due to line detachment.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the dual-polarized antenna element further includes a first ground port and a second ground port, wherein the first decoupling stub is connected to the second radiating negative terminal through the first ground port, and the second decoupling stub is connected to the first radiating negative terminal through the second ground port.

[0029] By configuring the first and second conductive ports, the first decoupling stub can be electrically connected to the second negative radiating terminal simply by inserting one end into the first conductive port, and the second decoupling stub can be electrically connected to the first negative radiating terminal simply by inserting one end into the second conductive port. This makes the assembly and disassembly of the dual-polarized antenna unit more convenient. In one embodiment, the first conductive port is located at the end of the second negative radiating terminal adjacent to the second positive radiating terminal, and the second conductive port is located at the end of the first negative radiating terminal adjacent to the first positive radiating terminal. This centralized arrangement of the first and second conductive ports at the intersection of the first and second polarized radiating units allows for a more concentrated configuration of the decoupling stubs, reducing the complexity of the wiring layout.

[0030] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized antenna unit further includes a first feed port and a second feed port. The first transmission line is connected to the first positive radiating end through the first feed port, and the second transmission line is connected to the second positive radiating end through the second feed port. By setting the first and second feed ports, inserting one end of the first transmission line into the first feed port achieves electrical connection between the first transmission line and the first positive radiating end, and inserting one end of the second transmission line into the second feed port achieves electrical connection between the second transmission line and the second positive radiating end, making the assembly and disassembly of the dual-polarized antenna unit more convenient. In another embodiment, the first feed port is located at the end of the first positive radiating end near the first negative radiating end, and the second feed port is located at the end of the second positive radiating end near the second negative radiating end. Positioning the first and second feed ports at the midpoint where the first and second polarized radiating units intersect allows for a more concentrated arrangement of the first and second transmission lines, reducing the complexity of the wiring layout.

[0031] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized antenna unit further includes a first ground port and a second ground port. The first outer conductor is connected to the first radiating negative terminal through the first ground port, and the second outer conductor is connected to the second radiating negative terminal through the second ground port. By setting the first and second ground ports, inserting one end of the first outer conductor into the first ground port establishes an electrical connection between the first outer conductor and the first radiating negative terminal, and inserting one end of the second outer conductor into the second ground port establishes an electrical connection between the second outer conductor and the second radiating negative terminal, making the assembly and disassembly of the dual-polarized antenna unit more convenient. In another embodiment, the first ground port is located at the end of the first radiating negative terminal adjacent to the first radiating positive terminal, and the second ground port is located at the end of the second radiating negative terminal adjacent to the second radiating positive terminal. This centralized arrangement of the first and second ground ports at the intersection of the first and second polarized radiating units allows for a more concentrated arrangement of the first and second outer conductors, reducing the complexity of the wiring layout.

[0032] In one embodiment, the first conductive port, the second conductive port, the first feed port, the second feed port, the first ground port, and the second ground port are all located at the midpoint where the first polarized radiating element and the second polarized radiating element intersect. This centralized arrangement of ports reduces wiring, simplifies the installation of the dual-polarized antenna unit, and lowers the complexity of its integration. In another embodiment, the first decoupling stub, the second decoupling stub, the first transmission line, the second transmission line, the first outer conductor, and the second outer conductor have protrusions near the first and second polarized radiating elements, and these protrusions are respectively engaged with the first conductive port, the second conductive port, the first feed port, the second feed port, the first ground port, and the second ground port.

[0033] Secondly, this application provides an antenna module, the antenna module including a reflector and a dual-polarized antenna unit as described in any of the above claims, the reflector being connected to the dual-polarized antenna unit.

[0034] In this embodiment, the connection between the reflector and the dual-polarized antenna element is an electrical connection or a coupled connection, and the reflector serves as a reference ground. In one embodiment, the dual-polarized antenna element is electrically or coupled to the reflector via a first outer conductor and a second outer conductor, thereby grounding the first and second outer conductors. One end of the first outer conductor in the dual-polarized antenna element is electrically connected to the first negative radiating terminal, and the other end is electrically or coupled to the reflector; one end of the second outer conductor in the dual-polarized antenna element is electrically connected to the second negative radiating terminal, and the other end is electrically or coupled to the reflector. In another embodiment, the dual-polarized antenna element is electrically or coupled to the reflector via a third outer conductor, one end of which is electrically connected to both the first and second outer conductors, and the other end is electrically or coupled to the reflector.

[0035] In one embodiment, the antenna module further includes a feed network located on the reflector. The feed network feeds signals with a certain amplitude and phase to the first polarized radiating element and the second polarized radiating element through the feed structure. The feed network may also include modules for performance enhancement. In this embodiment, the first polarized radiating element and the second polarized radiating element are located at the end of the feed structure furthest from the reflector, and the first polarized radiating element and the second polarized radiating element are fixed to one end of the feed structure by means of hot riveting, snap-fitting, screws, etc.

[0036] In one embodiment, the first outer conductor and the second outer conductor are perpendicular to the reflector. In another embodiment, the angle between the first outer conductor and the second outer conductor and the reflector is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

[0037] Thirdly, this application provides a base station, the base station including a radio frequency remote unit and an antenna module as described in any of the preceding claims, the radio frequency remote unit being connected to the feed source.

[0038] In this application, by setting the first decoupling stub and the second decoupling stub, the coupling effect between the first polarized radiating element and the second polarized radiating element in the dual-polarized antenna unit can be eliminated or reduced, thereby improving the cross-polarization isolation of the dual-polarized antenna unit and enhancing its communication performance. Furthermore, each dual-polarized antenna unit can independently generate a decoupling effect without relying on other dual-polarized antenna units to generate a decoupling effect, which will reduce the number of antenna components and assembly complexity, while also reducing the complexity and cost of antenna manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-polarized antenna unit provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna element provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna element provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna element provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna element provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-polarized antenna unit provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission of a dual-polarized antenna unit provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission of a dual-polarized antenna unit provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 9 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna element provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 10 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna element provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-polarized antenna unit provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the outer conductor structure of a dual-polarized antenna element provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the outer conductor structure of a dual-polarized antenna element provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding structure of a dual-polarized antenna element provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-polarized antenna unit provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 16 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna element provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 17 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna element provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna module provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna module provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 20This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna module provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of a base station provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of a base station provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna module provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0063] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0064] In this document, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0065] Furthermore, in this article, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" are defined relative to the orientation of the structure as shown in the attached drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, used for relative description and clarification, and can change accordingly depending on the orientation of the structure.

[0066] For ease of understanding, the English abbreviations and related technical terms used in the embodiments of this application will be explained and described below.

[0067] Please see Figure 1This application provides a dual-polarized antenna element 10, which includes a first polarized radiating element 100, a second polarized radiating element 200, and a feeding structure 300. The feeding structure 300 includes a first transmission line 311, a second transmission line 312, and a first decoupling stub 321 electrically connected to a feed source 400. The first polarized radiating element 100 includes a first positive radiating terminal 110 and a first negative radiating terminal 120 coupled together. The first positive radiating terminal 110 is connected to the first transmission line 311, and the first negative radiating terminal 120 is grounded. The second polarized radiating element 200 includes a second positive radiating terminal 210 and a second negative radiating terminal 220 coupled together. The second positive radiating terminal 210 is connected to the second transmission line 312, and the second negative radiating terminal 220 is grounded. The first polarized radiating element 100 and the second negative radiating terminal 120 are coupled to generate a first coupling current C1 (e.g., ...) at the second negative radiating terminal 120. Figure 2 (As shown); the first polarized radiation unit 100 and the second polarized radiation unit 200 are located at the same end of the feed structure 300. One end of the first decoupling stub 321 is connected to the feed source 400, and the other end of the first decoupling stub 321 is connected to the second radiation negative terminal 220 to provide the second radiation negative terminal 220 with a first decoupling current D1. The first decoupling current D1 is used to cancel at least part of the first coupling current C1.

[0068] The signal in the first polarized radiation unit 100 is transmitted along the first direction X1 (e.g., Figure 1 As shown), the signal in the second polarized radiation unit 200 is transmitted along the second direction Y1. The first direction X1 intersects the second direction Y1. In one embodiment, the first direction X1 intersects the second direction Y1 perpendicularly. In one embodiment, the feed 400 connected to the first transmission line 311 and the second transmission line 312 is the same feed 400 (e.g., ...). Figure 18 (As shown). In one embodiment, the first transmission line 311 is electrically connected to the feed 400, and the second transmission line 312 is electrically connected to the feed 401 (as shown). Figure 6 As shown), feed 400 and feed 401 are different feeds, and these two feeds 400 and 401 can transmit the same signal to the first transmission line 311 and the second transmission line 312. In one embodiment, these two feeds 400 and 401 can transmit different signals to the first transmission line 311 and the second transmission line 312, which can be specifically set according to the actual needs of the first polarized radiation unit 100 and the second polarized radiation unit 200. In one embodiment, the first decoupling stub 321 is directly electrically connected to the feed 400 (e.g., Figure 3 (as shown), or the first decoupling stub 321 is connected to the first transmission line 311 (as shown). Figure 2(as shown), and is indirectly connected to the feed source 400 via the first transmission line 311. The feed source 400 is used to input signals from other electronic units to the dual-polarized antenna unit 10 or to receive signals from the dual-polarized antenna unit 10 and transmit them to other electronic units, for example, in one embodiment, the other electronic units are a feed network.

[0069] In one embodiment, the first polarization radiation unit 100 is a positive 45° polarization unit, and the second polarization radiation unit 200 is a negative 45° polarization unit; in another embodiment, the first polarization radiation unit 100 is a negative 45° polarization unit, and the second polarization radiation unit 200 is a positive 45° polarization unit. In one embodiment, the polarization of the first polarization radiation unit 100 and the second polarization radiation unit 200 can also be vertical / horizontal polarization or left-handed / right-handed circular polarization. In one embodiment, the first polarization radiation unit 100 and the second polarization radiation unit 200 include, but are not limited to, a half-wavelength oscillator, a full-wavelength oscillator, and a ring oscillator.

[0070] When the first polarized radiation unit 100 radiates a signal into free space (e.g.) Figure 2 As shown, a portion of the signal is coupled into the second negative radiating terminal 220. The signal coupled from the first polarized radiating unit 100 to the second negative radiating terminal 220 generates a first coupling current C1. The first coupling current C1 is transmitted in the second negative radiating terminal 220 along the second direction Y1, causing the second negative radiating terminal 220 to be interfered with by the first polarized radiating unit 100. The isolation between the second negative radiating terminal 220 and the first polarized radiating unit 100 is low, thereby affecting the communication performance of the second negative radiating terminal 220.

[0071] In this embodiment, through the configuration of the first decoupling stub 321, one end of the first decoupling stub 321 is connected to the feed source 400. A portion of the signal from the feed source 400 enters the first decoupling stub 321, forming a first decoupling current D1. Since the other end of the first decoupling stub 321 is connected to the second radiating negative terminal 220, the first decoupling current D1 flows from the first decoupling stub 321 to the second radiating negative terminal 220. That is, the first decoupling current D1 is transmitted along the third direction Y2 in the second radiating negative terminal 220. The third direction Y2 is opposite to the second direction Y1. The transmission direction of the first decoupling current D1 in the second radiating negative terminal 220 is opposite to the transmission direction of the first coupling current C1 in the second radiating negative terminal 220. The first decoupling current D1 cancels at least a portion of the first coupling current C1. In one embodiment, the first decoupling current D1 cancels all of the first coupling current C1. In one embodiment, depending on the needs of the applicable scenario, the length, width, resistance and other characteristics of the first decoupling stub 321 are designed so that the first decoupling current cancels part of the first coupling current C1, so as to meet the requirements of different isolation in the dual-polarized antenna element 10.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the power supply structure 300 further includes a second decoupling stub 322 (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown), one end of the second decoupling stub 322 is connected to the feed 400, and the other end of the second decoupling stub 322 is connected to the first negative radiating terminal 120 to provide a second decoupling current D2 at the negative radiating terminal 120. The second polarized radiating element 200 is coupled to the first negative radiating terminal 120 to generate a second coupling current C2 at the first negative radiating terminal 120. The second decoupling current D2 is used to cancel at least part of the second coupling current C2. In one embodiment, the second decoupling stub 322 is directly electrically connected to the feed 400 (e.g., Figure 5 (as shown), or the second decoupling stub 322 is connected to the second transmission line 312 (as shown). Figure 4 (as shown), and is indirectly connected to the feed source 400 via the second transmission line 312.

[0073] When the second polarized radiation unit 200 radiates a signal into free space (such as...) Figure 4 As shown, a portion of the signal is coupled into the first negative radiating terminal 120. The signal coupled to the first negative radiating terminal 120 by the second polarized radiating unit 200 generates a second coupling current C2. The second coupling current C2 is transmitted in the second negative radiating terminal 220 along the first direction X1, causing the first negative radiating terminal 120 to be interfered with by the second polarized radiating unit 200. The isolation between the first negative radiating terminal 120 and the second polarized radiating unit 200 is reduced, thereby affecting the communication performance of the first negative radiating terminal 120.

[0074] In this embodiment, the second decoupling branch 322 is configured (e.g., Figure 4 As shown, one end of the second decoupling stub 322 is connected to the feed 400. When the feed 400 is powered, a portion of the signal enters the second decoupling stub 322, forming a second decoupling current D2. Since the other end of the second decoupling stub 322 is connected to the first radiating negative terminal 120, the second decoupling current D2 flows from the second decoupling stub 322 to the first radiating negative terminal 120. That is, the second decoupling current D2 is transmitted along the fourth direction X2 in the first radiating negative terminal 120. The fourth direction X2 is opposite to the first direction X1. The transmission direction of the second decoupling current D2 in the first radiating negative terminal 120 is opposite to the transmission direction of the second coupling current C2 in the first radiating negative terminal 120. The second decoupling current D2 cancels at least a portion of the second coupling current C2. In one embodiment, the second decoupling current D2 cancels all of the second coupling current C2. In one embodiment, depending on the needs of the applicable scenario, the length, width, resistance and other characteristics of the second decoupling stub 322 are designed so that the first decoupling current cancels part of the second coupling current C2, so as to meet the requirements of different isolation in the dual-polarized antenna element 10.

[0075] In one embodiment, the first transmission line 311, the second transmission line 312, the first decoupling stub 321, and the second decoupling stub 322 are metal wires, striplines, or microstrip structures.

[0076] By setting the first decoupling stub 321 and the second decoupling stub 322, on the one hand, the coupling effect between the first polarization radiating element 100 and the second polarization radiating element 200 in the dual-polarized antenna element 10 can be eliminated or reduced, thereby improving the cross-polarization isolation of the dual-polarized antenna element 10 and enhancing its communication performance. On the other hand, when multiple dual-polarized antenna elements 10 exist, coupling occurs between them. For example, one of the dual-polarized antenna elements 10 can be decoupled by setting the first decoupling stub 321 and the second decoupling stub. 322 can eliminate or reduce the coupling effect of other dual-polarized antenna elements 10 on the first polarized radiating element 100 and the second polarized radiating element 200 in the dual-polarized antenna element 10, improve the isolation between multiple dual-polarized antenna elements 10, and improve the communication performance of multiple dual-polarized antenna elements 10; on the other hand, each dual-polarized antenna element 10 can independently generate a decoupling effect without relying on other dual-polarized antenna elements 10 to generate a decoupling effect, which will reduce the number of antenna components and assembly complexity, while reducing the complexity and cost of antenna manufacturing.

[0077] In one embodiment, the first decoupling stub 321 has a length of 0.14 wavelengths to eliminate the first coupling current C1. The second decoupling stub 322 has a length of 0.15 wavelengths to eliminate the second coupling current C2. In one embodiment, the isolation between the first polarized radiation unit 100 and the second polarized radiation unit 200 is less than 20 dB. When the length of the first decoupling stub 321 is set to 0.14 wavelengths and the second decoupling stub is set to 0.15 wavelengths, the isolation between the first polarized radiation unit 100 and the second polarized radiation unit 200 can be greater than 20 dB. In one embodiment, the isolation between the first polarized radiation unit 100 and the second polarized radiation unit 200 is 18 dB. When the length of the first decoupling stub 321 is set to 0.14 wavelengths and the second decoupling stub is set to 0.15 wavelengths, the isolation between the first polarized radiation unit 100 and the second polarized radiation unit 200 can be greater than 30 dB. In other embodiments, the length, width, resistance, and other characteristics of the first decoupling stub 321 and the second decoupling stub 322 can be set according to the structural or electrical parameters of the first polarization radiation unit 100 and the second polarization radiation unit 200, so as to improve the isolation between the first polarization radiation unit 100 and the second polarization radiation unit 200.

[0078] In one possible implementation, the power supply structure 300 further includes a first outer conductor 331 and a second outer conductor 332 (e.g., ...). Figure 6As shown), the first negative radiation terminal 120 is connected to the first outer conductor 331 and grounded through the first outer conductor 331; the second negative radiation terminal 220 is connected to the second outer conductor 332 and grounded through the second outer conductor 332. In one embodiment, the first outer conductor 331 and the second outer conductor 332 are arranged independently and parallel to each other. In one embodiment, at least a portion of the first transmission line 311 is parallel to the first outer conductor 331, and at least a portion of the second transmission line 312 is parallel to the second outer conductor 332. In one embodiment, the first outer conductor 331 is arranged at an angle to the first negative radiation terminal 120, and the second outer conductor 332 is arranged at an angle to the second negative radiation terminal 220. In one embodiment, the first outer conductor 331 is perpendicular to the first negative radiation terminal 120, and the second outer conductor 332 is perpendicular to the second negative radiation terminal 220. In one embodiment, the first outer conductor 331 and the second outer conductor 332 are straight strips (e.g., ...). Figure 1 (as shown) or arc (as shown) Figure 20 As shown), the first outer conductor 331 and the second outer conductor 332 can also be other shapes to meet the arrangement requirements of different dual-polarized antenna elements 10.

[0079] The first outer conductor 331 is coupled to the first transmission line 311. When the first polarized radiation unit 100 radiates a signal, the signal from the first transmission line 311 is coupled to the first outer conductor 331. The transmission directions of the signal on the first transmission line 311 and the first outer conductor 331 are opposite (e.g., ...). Figure 7 As shown, since the first negative radiation terminal 120 is electrically connected to the first outer conductor 331, a signal can be generated at the first negative radiation terminal 120. The first negative radiation terminal 120 is indirectly coupled to the first transmission line 311, and the first transmission line 311 is electrically connected to the first positive radiation terminal 110, so that the first negative radiation terminal 120 is indirectly coupled to the first positive radiation terminal 110, so that the signal transmission direction is the same at the first positive radiation terminal 110 and the first negative radiation terminal 120.

[0080] The second outer conductor 332 is coupled to the second transmission line 312. When the second polarized radiation unit 200 radiates a signal, the signal from the second transmission line 312 is coupled to the second outer conductor 332. The transmission directions of the signal from the second transmission line 312 to the second outer conductor 332 are opposite (e.g., ...). Figure 8 As shown, since the second negative radiation terminal 220 is electrically connected to the second outer conductor 332, a signal can be generated at the second negative radiation terminal 220. The first negative radiation terminal 120 is indirectly coupled to the second transmission line 312, and the second transmission line 312 is electrically connected to the second positive radiation terminal 210, so that the second negative radiation terminal 220 is indirectly coupled to the second positive radiation terminal 210, so that the transmission direction of the signal at the second positive radiation terminal 210 and the second negative radiation terminal 220 is the same.

[0081] In one embodiment, at least a portion of the first transmission line 311 is fixed to and insulated from the first outer conductor 331, and at least a portion of the second transmission line 312 is fixed to and insulated from the second outer conductor 332. This reduces the size of the feed structure 300 and miniaturizes the dual-polarized antenna element 10. In one embodiment, the first outer conductor 331 is a hollow structure, with at least a portion of the first transmission line 311 located inside the first outer conductor 331 and spaced apart from it. In one embodiment, the second outer conductor 332 is a hollow structure, with at least a portion of the second transmission line 312 located inside the second outer conductor 332 and spaced apart from it.

[0082] In one possible implementation, the power supply structure 300 further includes a first insulating plate 341 and a second insulating plate 342 (e.g., Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the first decoupling stub 321 and the first transmission belt line 311 are located on one side of the first insulating plate 341, and the first outer conductor 331 is located on the other side of the first insulating plate 341; the second decoupling stub 322 and the second transmission belt line 312 are located on one side of the second insulating plate 342, and the second outer conductor 332 is located on the other side of the second insulating plate 342. In one embodiment, the first decoupling stub 321, the first transmission belt line 311, and the first outer conductor 331 are all fixed on the first insulating plate 341, and the first decoupling stub 321 and the first transmission belt line 311 are not in contact with the first outer conductor 331. In another embodiment, the second decoupling stub 322, the second transmission belt line 312, and the second outer conductor 332 are all fixed on the first insulating plate 341, and the second decoupling stub 322 and the second transmission belt line 312 are not in contact with the second outer conductor 332.

[0083] By setting the first insulating plate 341 and the second insulating plate 342, on the one hand, the insulation effect between the first decoupling stub 321 and the first transmission line 311 and the first outer conductor 331 is enhanced, and the insulation effect between the second decoupling stub 322 and the second transmission line 312 and the second outer conductor 332 is also enhanced, which can improve the signal transmission and reception efficiency of the dual-polarized antenna unit 10; on the other hand, by integrating the first decoupling stub 321, the first transmission line 311 and the first outer conductor 331 into the first insulating plate 341, and integrating the second decoupling stub 322 and the second transmission line 312 with the second outer conductor 332, the efficiency of the dual-polarized antenna unit 10 in transmitting and receiving signals can be improved. 22. The second transmission line 312 and the second outer conductor 332 are integrated on the second insulating plate 342, which simplifies the various circuit layouts of the feeding structure 300 and avoids the difficulty of maintenance and inspection caused by the messy circuit layout. On the other hand, the use of rigid first insulating plate 341 and second insulating plate 342 can improve the overall rigidity of the feeding structure 300, so that the feeding structure 300 has higher stability when the dual-polarized antenna unit 10 is working, and avoids the feeding structure 300 from being damaged by vibration, which can be used in harsh environments.

[0084] In one embodiment, the first insulating plate 341 and the second insulating plate 342 are arranged intersecting or parallel. In another embodiment, the first insulating plate 341 is perpendicular to the second insulating plate 342, and both the first insulating plate 341 and the second insulating plate 342 are arranged in a U-shape (e.g., ...). Figure 11 As shown, the first insulating plate 341 has a first recess 3401, and the second insulating plate 342 has a second recess 3402. The first recess 3401 and the second recess 3402 are intersected, and the first recess 3401 is inserted into the second recess 3402. The first transmission belt 311 and the first outer conductor 331 are respectively located on two opposite sides of the first insulating plate 341. The first decoupling stub 321 and the first transmission belt 311 are located on the same side of the first insulating plate 341, and the first decoupling stub 321 and the first transmission belt 311 are located in the first recess 3401 of the first insulating plate 341. On both sides, the first outer conductor 331 is positioned adjacent to the first transmission line 311, relative to the first decoupling stub 321. The second transmission line 312 and the second outer conductor 332 are located on two opposite sides of the second insulating plate 342, respectively. The second decoupling stub 322 and the second transmission line 312 are located on the same side of the second insulating plate 342, and are located on the side of the second recess 3402 of the second insulating plate 342 away from the first recess 3401. The second outer conductor 332 is positioned adjacent to the second transmission line 312, relative to the second decoupling stub 322. The first insulating plate 341 and the second insulating plate 342 are snapped together by the first recess 3401 and the second recess 3402, facilitating assembly and fixation.

[0085] In one possible implementation, the first insulating plate 341 is integrated with the first decoupling stub 321 and the first transmission line 311. The first decoupling stub 321 and the first transmission line 311 are integrated and printed on the first insulating plate 341, which can reduce the number of components and assembly time of the dual-polarized antenna unit 10 and reduce the cost of the dual-polarized antenna unit 10.

[0086] In one embodiment, the second insulating plate 342, the second decoupling stub 322, and the second transmission line 312 are integrated into a single structure. Integrating the second decoupling stub 322 and the second transmission line 312 onto the second insulating plate 342 reduces the number of components in the dual-polarized antenna unit 10 and the assembly time, thereby lowering the cost of the dual-polarized antenna unit 10.

[0087] In one embodiment, the feeding structure 300 is an integrated structure, which further reduces the number of components and assembly time of the dual-polarized antenna element 10.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the power supply structure 300 includes a third outer conductor 333 (e.g., Figure 1 As shown), the third outer conductor 333 is grounded, the end of the first outer conductor 331 furthest from the first negative radiation terminal 120 is connected to the third outer conductor 333, and the end of the second outer conductor 332 furthest from the second negative radiation terminal 220 is connected to the third outer conductor 333. The first outer conductor 331 and the second outer conductor 332 are located at the same end of the third outer conductor 333. In one embodiment, the extending direction of the first outer conductor 331 intersects the extending direction of the second outer conductor 332 (e.g., ...). Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown), the first outer conductor 331, the second outer conductor 332, and the third outer conductor 333 are connected in a "Y" shape. In this embodiment, the extending direction of the first outer conductor 331 is parallel to the extending direction of the second outer conductor 332 (e.g., ...). Figure 1 (As shown).

[0089] In one embodiment, the first outer conductor 331, the second outer conductor 332, and the third outer conductor 333 are made of aluminum or other conductive materials.

[0090] In one possible implementation, the power supply structure 300 further includes a first insulating plate 341 and a second insulating plate 342, with a first outer conductor 331, a second outer conductor 332, and a third outer conductor 333 located between the first insulating plate 341 and the second insulating plate 342 (e.g., ...). Figure 14 As shown, the first decoupling stub 321 and the first transmission line 311 are located on the side of the first insulating plate 341 away from the first outer conductor 331, and the second decoupling stub 322 and the second transmission line 312 are located on the side of the second insulating plate 342 away from the second outer conductor 332.

[0091] On the one hand, the first insulating plate 341 insulates and isolates the first decoupling stub 321 and the first transmission line 311 from the first outer conductor 331, the second outer conductor 332 and the third outer conductor 333, and the second insulating plate 342 insulates and isolates the second decoupling stub 322 and the second transmission line 312 from the first outer conductor 331, the second outer conductor 332 and the third outer conductor 333, which can ensure that each line is independent and does not interfere with each other, thus ensuring the normal operation of the dual-polarized antenna unit 10. On the other hand, the first decoupling stub 321 and the first transmission line 311, the first insulating plate 341, the first outer conductor 331 and the second outer conductor 332 and the third outer conductor 333, the second insulating plate 342, the second decoupling stub 322 and the second transmission line 312 are stacked in sequence. Through this "sandwich" structure, the entire feeding structure 300 is simplified, and the dual-polarized antenna unit 10 can be quickly assembled.

[0092] In one embodiment, the first decoupling stub 321 and the first transmission line 311 are fixedly connected to the first insulating plate 341, the first outer conductor 331, the second outer conductor 332 and the third outer conductor 333 are fixedly connected to at least one of the first insulating plate 341 and the second insulating plate 342, and the second decoupling stub 322 and the second transmission line 312 are fixedly connected to the second insulating plate 342, making each component of the feed structure 300 more robust and preventing damage to the dual-polarized antenna element 10 due to line detachment.

[0093] In one possible implementation, the dual-polarized antenna element 10 further includes a first conductive port 222 and a second conductive port 122 (e.g., Figures 15 to 17 As shown, the first decoupling stub 321 is connected to the second radiating negative terminal 220 through the first conductive port 222, and the second decoupling stub 322 is connected to the first radiating negative terminal 120 through the second conductive port 122. By using the first conductive port 222 and the second conductive port 122, one end of the first decoupling stub 321 can be inserted into the first conductive port 222 to achieve electrical connection between the first decoupling stub 321 and the second radiating negative terminal 220, and one end of the second decoupling stub 322 can be inserted into the second conductive port 122 to achieve electrical connection between the second decoupling stub 322 and the first radiating negative terminal 120, making the assembly and disassembly of the dual-polarized antenna unit 10 more convenient. In one embodiment, the first conductive port 222 is located at one end of the second radiation negative terminal 220 adjacent to the second radiation positive terminal 210, and the second conductive port 122 is located at one end of the first radiation negative terminal 120 adjacent to the first radiation positive terminal 110. The first conductive port 222 and the second conductive port 122 are concentrated in the middle part where the first polarized radiation unit 100 and the second polarized radiation unit 200 intersect, which can make the arrangement of the first decoupling branch 321 and the second decoupling branch 322 more concentrated and reduce the complexity of the circuit layout.

[0094] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized antenna element 10 further includes a first feed port 111 and a second feed port 211 (e.g., Figures 15 to 17 As shown, the first transmission line 311 is connected to the first positive radiating terminal 110 through the first feed port 111, and the second transmission line 312 is connected to the second positive radiating terminal 210 through the second feed port 211. By using the first feed port 111 and the second feed port 211, one end of the first transmission line 311 can be inserted into the first feed port 111 to achieve an electrical connection between the first transmission line 311 and the first positive radiating terminal 110, and one end of the second transmission line 312 can be inserted into the second feed port 211 to achieve an electrical connection between the second transmission line 312 and the second positive radiating terminal 210. This makes the assembly and disassembly of the dual-polarized antenna element 10 more convenient. In one embodiment, the first feed port 111 is located at the end of the first positive radiation end 110 near the first negative radiation end 120, and the second feed port 211 is located at the end of the second positive radiation end 210 near the second negative radiation end 220. The first feed port 111 and the second feed port 211 are located at the middle part where the first polarized radiation unit 100 and the second polarized radiation unit 200 intersect, which can make the arrangement of the first transmission line 311 and the second transmission line 312 more concentrated and reduce the complexity of the line layout.

[0095] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized antenna element 10 further includes a first ground port 121 and a second ground port 221 (e.g., ...). Figures 15 to 17 As shown, the first outer conductor 331 is connected to the first radiating negative terminal 120 through the first grounding port 121, and the second outer conductor 332 is connected to the second radiating negative terminal 220 through the second grounding port 221. By setting the first grounding port 121 and the second grounding port 221, one end of the first outer conductor 331 can be inserted into the first grounding port 121 to achieve electrical connection between the first outer conductor 331 and the first radiating negative terminal 120, and one end of the second outer conductor 332 can be inserted into the second grounding port 221 to achieve electrical connection between the second outer conductor 332 and the second radiating negative terminal 220, making the assembly and disassembly of the dual-polarized antenna unit 10 more convenient. In one embodiment, the first grounding port 121 is located at one end of the first radiation negative terminal 120 adjacent to the first radiation positive terminal 110, and the second grounding port 221 is located at one end of the second radiation negative terminal 220 adjacent to the second radiation positive terminal 210. The first grounding port 121 and the second grounding port 221 are concentrated in the middle part where the first polarized radiation unit 100 and the second polarized radiation unit 200 intersect, which can make the arrangement of the first outer conductor 331 and the second outer conductor 332 more concentrated and reduce the complexity of the line layout.

[0096] In one embodiment, the first conductive port 222, the second conductive port 122, the first feed port 111, the second feed port 211, the first ground port 121, and the second ground port 221 are all located at the midpoint where the first polarized radiating unit 100 and the second polarized radiating unit 200 intersect. This centralized arrangement of ports reduces wiring, simplifies the installation of the dual-polarized antenna unit 10, and reduces the complexity of integrating the dual-polarized antenna unit 10. In another embodiment, the first decoupling stub 321, the second decoupling stub 322, the first transmission line 311, the second transmission line 312, the first outer conductor 331, and the second outer conductor 332 are provided with protrusions 101 (e.g., ...) near the first polarized radiating unit 100 and the second polarized radiating unit 200. Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown in the figure, the protrusion 101 is connected to the first conductive port 222, the second conductive port 122, the first power supply port 111, the second power supply port 211, the first grounding port 121 and the second grounding port 221 respectively.

[0097] Please see Figure 18 This application provides an antenna module 20, which includes a reflector 21 and a dual-polarized antenna element 10 as described in any of the above claims. The reflector 21 is connected to the dual-polarized antenna element 10. The connection between the reflector 21 and the dual-polarized antenna element 10 is an electrical connection or a coupled connection, and the reflector 210 serves as a reference ground. In one embodiment, the dual-polarized antenna element 10 is electrically or coupled to the reflector 21 via a first outer conductor 331 and a second outer conductor 332, thereby grounding the first and second outer conductors 331 and 332. One end of the first outer conductor 331 in the dual-polarized antenna element 10 is electrically connected to a first negative radiating terminal 120, and the other end is electrically or coupled to the reflector 21. One end of the second outer conductor 332 in the dual-polarized antenna element 10 is electrically connected to a second negative radiating terminal 220, and the other end is electrically or coupled to the reflector 21. In one embodiment, the dual-polarized antenna unit 10 is electrically connected or coupled to the reflector 21 through a third outer conductor 333. One end of the third outer conductor 333 in the dual-polarized antenna unit 10 is electrically connected to the first outer conductor 331 and the second outer conductor 332, and the other end of the third outer conductor 333 is electrically connected or coupled to the reflector 21.

[0098] In one embodiment, the antenna module 20 further includes a feed network 350 (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 23As shown, the power supply network 350 is located on the reflector 21. The power supply network 350 can feed signals to the first polarized radiation unit 100 and the second polarized radiation unit 200 through the power supply structure 300 according to a certain amplitude and phase. The power supply network 350 can also be equipped with modules for performance enhancement. In this embodiment, the first polarized radiation unit 100 and the second polarized radiation unit 200 are located at the end of the power supply structure 300 away from the reflector 21, and the first polarized radiation unit 100 and the second polarized radiation unit 200 can be fixed to one end of the power supply structure 300 by means of hot riveting, clips, screws, etc.

[0099] In one embodiment, the first outer conductor 331 and the second outer conductor 332 are perpendicular to the reflector 21 (e.g., Figure 19 (As shown). In one embodiment, the angle between the first outer conductor 331 and the second outer conductor 332 and the reflector 21 is greater than 0° and less than 90° (e.g., as shown). Figure 20 (As shown).

[0100] Please see Figure 21 One embodiment of this application provides a base station 30, which includes a remote radio unit 31 and an antenna module 20 as described in any of the above claims. The remote radio unit 31 (RRU) is connected to a feed 400.

[0101] To facilitate understanding of the dual-polarized antenna element 10 and base station 30 provided in the embodiments of this application, their application scenarios are described below. Figure 22 Examples are shown, such as Figure 22As shown, this application scenario can include a base station 30 and a terminal 32. Wireless communication can be achieved between the base station 30 and the terminal 32. The base station 30 can be located in a base station subsystem (BSS), a UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) to provide cell coverage for wireless signals, thereby enabling communication between the terminal 32 device and the wireless network. Specifically, base station 30 can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a Node B (NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, an Evolutionary Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, or a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, base station 30 can also be a relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, or a g node (gNodeB or gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, or a base station 30 in a future evolved network, etc., and the embodiments in this application are not limited to this.

[0102] Figure 21 A possible structural schematic diagram of a base station 30 is shown. The base station 30 typically includes an antenna module 20, a mast 33, and an antenna adjustment bracket 34. The antenna module 20 of the base station 30 includes an radome 22. The radome 22 has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in terms of electrical performance and can withstand the effects of harsh external environments in terms of mechanical performance, thus protecting the antenna system from external environmental influences. The antenna module 20 can be mounted on the mast 33 or a tower via the antenna adjustment bracket 34 to facilitate signal reception or transmission by the antenna module 20.

[0103] Additionally, the base station 30 may also include a radio frequency remote unit 31 and a baseband processing unit 35. For example, the radio frequency remote unit 31 can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna module 20, and convert it into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal for transmission to the baseband processing unit 35. Alternatively, the radio frequency remote unit 31 can be used to up-convert and amplify the intermediate frequency signal from the baseband processing unit 35 or the intermediate frequency signal, and then convert it into electromagnetic waves through the dual-polarized antenna unit 10 for transmission. The baseband processing unit 35 can be connected to the feed network 350 of the antenna module 20 via the radio frequency remote unit 31. In some embodiments, the radio frequency remote unit 31 may also be referred to as a radio frequency processing unit, and the baseband processing unit 35 may also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0104] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 21 As shown, the radio frequency remote unit 31 can be integrated with the antenna module 20, and the baseband processing unit 35 is located at the far end of the antenna module 20. In some other embodiments, the radio frequency remote unit 31 and the baseband processing unit 35 can also be located at the far end of the antenna module 20 simultaneously. The radio frequency remote unit 31 and the baseband processing unit 35 can be connected via a cable.

[0105] More specifically, please refer to the following: Figure 21 and Figure 23 , Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna configuration according to one possible embodiment of this application. Wherein, as... Figure 23 As shown, the antenna module 20 of the base station 30 may include a radiating element 12 and a reflector 21. The radiating element 12 includes a first polarized radiating element 100 and a second polarized radiating element 200. The radiating element 12 can also be called an antenna element, vibrator, etc., and is a unit constituting the basic structure of the antenna array, capable of effectively transmitting or receiving antenna signals. In the antenna module 20, the frequencies of different radiating elements 12 can be the same or different. The reflector 21 can also be called a base plate, antenna panel, or reflective surface, etc., and can be made of metal. When the antenna receives a signal, the reflector 21 can reflect and focus the antenna signal onto the receiving point, thereby achieving directional reception. When the antenna transmits a signal, the reflector 21 achieves directional transmission of the antenna signal. The radiating element 12 is usually placed on one side of the reflector 21. This not only greatly enhances the signal reception or transmission capability of the dual-polarized antenna element 10, but also blocks and shields other electromagnetic waves from the back of the reflector 21 (in this application, the back of the reflector 21 refers to the side opposite to the reflector 21 where the radiating element 12 is placed) from interfering with the antenna signal reception, thereby improving the antenna gain.

[0106] In the antenna module 20 of the base station 30, the radiating element 12 is connected to the feed network 350 via a feed structure 300. The feed network 350 is typically composed of controlled impedance transmission lines. The feed network 350 can feed signals to the radiating element 12 through the feed structure 300 with a certain amplitude and phase, or transmit received signals to the baseband processing unit 35 of the base station 30 through the feed structure 300 with a certain amplitude and phase. Specifically, in some embodiments, the feed network 350 can achieve different radiation beam directions through a transmission component 351, or be connected to a calibration network 352 to obtain the calibration signals required by the system. The feed network 350 may include a phase shifter 353 to change the maximum direction of antenna signal radiation. The power supply network 350 may also include some modules for performance expansion, such as combiner 354, which can be used to combine signals of different frequencies into one channel and transmit them through antenna module 20; or, when used in reverse, it can be used to divide the signals received by antenna module 20 into multiple channels according to different frequencies and transmit them to baseband processing unit 35 for processing; or filter 355, which is used to filter out interference signals.

[0107] The dual-polarized antenna unit, antenna module, and base station provided in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and embodiments of this application. The description of the embodiments above is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in specific embodiments and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A dual-polarized antenna element, characterized in that, The dual-polarized antenna element includes: The power supply structure includes a first transmission line, a second transmission line, and a first decoupling stub that are electrically connected to the power supply source. The first polarized radiation unit includes a first positive radiation terminal and a first negative radiation terminal coupled together. The first positive radiation terminal is connected to the first transmission line, and the first negative radiation terminal is grounded. The second polarized radiation unit includes a second positive radiation terminal and a second negative radiation terminal coupled together. The second positive radiation terminal is connected to the second transmission line, and the second negative radiation terminal is grounded. The first polarized radiation unit and the second negative radiation terminal are coupled together to generate a first coupling current at the second negative radiation terminal. The first polarized radiation unit and the second polarized radiation unit are located at the same end of the feed structure. One end of the first decoupling stub is connected to the feed source, and the other end of the first decoupling stub is connected to the second radiation negative terminal to provide a first decoupling current for the second radiation negative terminal. The first decoupling current is used to cancel at least part of the first coupling current. The power supply structure further includes a first outer conductor, a second outer conductor, and a third outer conductor. The first radiating negative terminal is connected to the first outer conductor and grounded through the first outer conductor. The second radiating negative terminal is connected to the second outer conductor and grounded through the second outer conductor. The second outer conductor is coupled to the second transmission line. The first outer conductor and the second outer conductor are spaced apart. The third outer conductor is connected to the end of the first outer conductor away from the first radiating negative terminal and to the end of the second outer conductor away from the second radiating negative terminal. The third outer conductor is grounded. The first decoupling stub is distributed on one side of the second outer conductor. The first transmission line is distributed on one side of the first outer conductor. The connection position of the first decoupling stub to the first transmission line is distributed on one side of the third outer conductor.

2. The dual-polarized antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply structure further includes a second decoupling stub, one end of which is connected to the feed source and the other end of which is connected to the first negative radiating terminal to provide a second decoupling current to the first negative radiating terminal. The second polarized radiating unit is coupled to the first negative radiating terminal to generate a second coupling current at the first negative radiating terminal. The second decoupling current is used to cancel at least a portion of the second coupling current.

3. The dual-polarized antenna element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first outer conductor is coupled to the first transmission line, and the second decoupling stub is distributed on one side of the first outer conductor.

4. The dual-polarized antenna element according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power supply structure further includes a first insulating plate and a second insulating plate. The first decoupling stub and the first transmission line are located on one side of the first insulating plate, and the first outer conductor is located on the other side of the first insulating plate. The second decoupling stub and the second transmission line are located on one side of the second insulating plate, and the second outer conductor is located on the other side of the second insulating plate.

5. The dual-polarized antenna element according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first insulating plate, the first decoupling stub, and the first transmission belt are an integrated structure.

6. The dual-polarized antenna element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply structure further includes a first insulating plate and a second insulating plate. The first outer conductor, the second outer conductor, and the third outer conductor are located between the first insulating plate and the second insulating plate. The first decoupling stub and the first transmission line are located on the side of the first insulating plate away from the first outer conductor, and the second decoupling stub and the second transmission line are located on the side of the second insulating plate away from the second outer conductor.

7. The dual-polarized antenna element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dual-polarized antenna unit further includes a first ground port and a second ground port. The first decoupling stub is connected to the second negative radiating terminal through the first ground port, and the second decoupling stub is connected to the first negative radiating terminal through the second ground port.

8. An antenna module, characterized in that, The antenna module includes a reflector and a dual-polarized antenna unit as described in any one of claims 1-7, wherein the reflector is connected to the dual-polarized antenna unit.

9. A base station, characterized in that, The base station includes a radio frequency remote unit and an antenna module as described in claim 8, wherein the radio frequency remote unit is connected to the feed source.

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