Multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system and control method

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system and a control method, relates to the technical field of chargers, and discloses the control system which comprises a microprocessor, a power management module, a communication interface management module, a multi-protocol switching module and a fast charging protocol physical module, the microprocessor is responsible for fast charging protocol strategy control and controls the multi-protocol switching module, the power management module and the fast charging protocol physical module through an external data bus and an interrupt signal; the microprocessor is used as a control core, identification control of multiple fast charging protocols is realized, fast charging of the equipment integrated with mainstream fast charging protocols at present can be implemented, and the problem that different protocol chargers and charging equipment cannot be protocol-connected and can only be slowly charged is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system and control method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of technology, smart electronic devices are playing an increasingly important role in our lives. However, with the advent of the 5G era, while the performance of electronic devices has improved rapidly, power consumption has also increased significantly. Currently, there are two main ways to improve the battery life of smart devices: one is to use higher-capacity batteries to increase battery life while ensuring safety; the other is to use fast charging technology to reduce charging time. However, there are currently many proprietary fast charging protocols, and chargers and charging devices that support different protocols cannot be compatible when connected, resulting in slow charging at low voltage.

[0003] In the USB 2.0 era, traditional USB Type-A interfaces were bulky and had limited power output, resulting in slow charging speeds. With the widespread adoption of mobile devices and the increasing demand for fast charging, major manufacturers gradually launched their own fast charging protocols, such as Qualcomm's QC (Quick Charge), Huawei's Super Charge, and OPPO and VIVO's VOOC. These fast charging protocols, when used with specific chargers and devices, can achieve faster charging speeds and higher output power. However, because different manufacturers use different charging protocols, chargers from different manufacturers are often incompatible, and sometimes even pose safety risks.

[0004] For the development of fast charging technology, combining these different protocol standards is an inevitable trend for future fast charging development. To achieve this convergence, there are currently two main approaches: one is to design a more compatible, comprehensive charging protocol to meet the charging needs of different devices; the other is to design a charging controller compatible with multiple fast charging protocols, providing support for different fast charging protocols for devices using those protocols. From a protocol perspective, the mainstream comprehensive open fast charging protocols currently include the domestically led UFCS fast charging protocol, and the internationally led USBPD and QC fast charging protocols. Currently, significant differences still exist between these three mainstream protocols, making them difficult to interoperate. Therefore, charging controllers compatible with multiple fast charging protocols will have a broader application prospect.

[0005] Therefore, to address the shortcomings of existing technologies, we propose a multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system and control method. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to propose a multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system and control method to enable fast charging of devices that currently integrate mainstream fast charging protocols. This solves the problem that chargers and charging devices with different protocols cannot interface and can only charge slowly. It also reduces the risks and costs caused by the inability of charging devices using different charging protocols to correctly identify the charging protocol when connecting to power supply equipment.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0008] This invention is a multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system, including a microprocessor, a power management module, a communication interface management module, a multi-protocol switching module, and a fast charging protocol physical module.

[0009] The microprocessor is responsible for fast charging protocol strategy control and controls the multi-protocol switching module, power management module and fast charging protocol physical module through external data bus and interrupt signals.

[0010] The power management module includes a power control module and a power monitoring module. The power control module configures the charger's power output according to the microprocessor's requirements. The power monitoring module is responsible for monitoring the current power status and reporting any power problems to the microprocessor for processing.

[0011] The communication interface management module is responsible for controlling the interface circuit structure, configuring the interface circuit according to different protocols, and controlling the communication switch.

[0012] The multi-protocol switching module can identify and switch between various fast charging protocols and activate the corresponding fast charging protocol physical module when faced with multiple fast charging protocols.

[0013] The fast charging protocol physical module adopts a dedicated integrated circuit design, including a communication encoding / decoding module, a receiving control module, a transmitting control module, and an interface communication module.

[0014] Furthermore, the communication encoding and decoding module encodes and decodes the fast charging protocol signals on the communication line. During the receiving process, it converts the serial communication signal into parallel communication data and hands it over to the receiving control module. During the sending process, it converts the data packet into a serial signal as required and sends it to the charging device through the interface in the communication interface management module.

[0015] The receiving control module parses the received messages and sends them to the interface communication module according to the parsed content;

[0016] The sending control module constructs the message to be sent according to the requirements of the interface communication module, and sends the constructed message to the communication encoding and decoding module;

[0017] The interface communication module communicates with the microprocessor, provides feedback on the message parsing results from the receiving control module, and controls the sending control module to send messages according to the microprocessor's requirements.

[0018] Furthermore, the receiving control module parses the received messages according to their function, data, message correctness, and message integrity.

[0019] Furthermore, when the power monitoring module detects undervoltage, overvoltage, overcurrent, short circuit, overtemperature, or overvoltage at the communication port, it sends an interrupt signal and reports the abnormality type to the microprocessor. The microprocessor then controls the power control module to enter protective power supply or disconnect the power supply based on the monitoring situation.

[0020] Furthermore, the multi-protocol switching module can recognize protocols including USB PD, QC2.0 / 3.0, Huawei FCP, SCP, Samsung AFC, Transsion TFC, BC1.2DCP, Apple 5V / 2.4A, and UFCS.

[0021] Furthermore, the communication interface management module supports both Type C and Type A charging interfaces.

[0022] The multi-protocol fast charging integrated control method, including the aforementioned multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system, further includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: After the microprocessor is connected to the power supply, the status variables and interrupts are initialized first.

[0024] Step 2: Wait for the charging device to connect. If the charging device is not detected for a long time, it will enter a sleep state. After the charging device is connected, the microprocessor controls the interface circuit through the multi-protocol switching module and the communication interface management module, and identifies the charging protocol used by the connected charging device through the communication interface waveform. After the identification is completed, the identification result is fed back to the microprocessor.

[0025] Step 3: The microprocessor enables the corresponding fast charging protocol physical module according to the protocol used by the charging device, and then the microprocessor negotiates communication with the access device through the fast charging protocol physical module;

[0026] Step 4: Based on the negotiation requirements of the charging equipment and its own power configuration limitations, the microprocessor controls the power management module to output an effective power configuration, and continuously adjusts the voltage or current of the output power as required during the charging process.

[0027] Step 5: If the removal of the charging device or a serious hardware error is detected, the power supply is stopped and all current power supply configurations are cleared, returning to the state of waiting for the charging device to be connected.

[0028] Furthermore, in step 1, initializing state variables includes chip clock calibration and restoring the default parameter configurations of each module.

[0029] Furthermore, in step 2, the charging protocol used by the access charging device is identified through the communication interface waveform. Specifically:

[0030] Based on the communication data signal interface used, fast charging protocols are divided into two types: those using CC line communication interface and those using DP and DM line communication interfaces. Fast charging protocols using CC line communication interface include USB PD, while those using DP and DM line communication include QC2.0 / 3.0, Huawei FCP, SCP, Samsung AFC, Transsion TFC, BC1.2DCP, Apple 5V / 2.4A and UFCS.

[0031] Furthermore, during the power supply process in step 4, if the power supply experiences undervoltage, overvoltage, overcurrent, short circuit, overheating, or overvoltage at the communication port, the microprocessor will control the power control module to enter protective power supply or disconnect the power supply according to the specific power supply problem.

[0032] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. This invention is a multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system and control method. In addition to configuring power output through the power control module in the power management section, a power monitoring module is added in the control process to monitor the power status. By adding the power monitoring module, the safety risks of the equipment can be effectively reduced, and the normal operation of the equipment and the charging speed can be guaranteed.

[0034] 2. This invention is a multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system and control method. It adds a multi-protocol switching module and a communication interface management module to complete the identification and switching of different fast charging protocols. It achieves compatibility with different fast charging protocols by controlling the switching of the circuit structure of the charging interface. It uses a microprocessor to identify the charging protocol, which greatly improves the scalability, compatibility and identification response speed.

[0035] 3. This invention relates to a multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system and method. It employs a microprocessor as the control center, along with an ACDC or DCDC converter and a small number of other peripheral components. Based on requirements, it designs a power management module, a multi-protocol switching module, a fast charging protocol physical module, and a communication interface management module. This enables the scheduling and control of fast charging protocols, forming a complete, high-performance Type-C / Type-A universal fast charging system. The control program can be configured according to application requirements to manage charging functions, maintaining high scalability while reducing program load and improving system response speed. It has low implementation difficulty, requires fewer chips, has high integration density per chip, and low cost, offering high integration and flexibility. It effectively reduces charging costs, lowers charger design complexity, supports multiple fast charging protocols, and has a wide range of applications. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the physical module of the fast charging protocol of this invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the multi-protocol fast charging integrated control method of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the protocol identification process of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the UFCS communication negotiation process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention is a multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system, including a microprocessor, a power management module, a communication interface management module, a multi-protocol switching module, and a fast charging protocol physical module.

[0046] The microprocessor is responsible for controlling the fast charging protocol strategy and controls the multi-protocol switching module, power management module, and fast charging protocol physical module through an external data bus and interrupt signals. This invention uses a control platform based on the 8051 microprocessor core. Furthermore, the computationally intensive parts of the protocol parsing are implemented using a fast charging protocol physical module composed of application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) to improve response speed. The microprocessor in this invention can also be an ARM microprocessor or an x86 microprocessor.

[0047] The power management module includes a power control module and a power monitoring module. The power control module configures the charger's power output according to the microprocessor's requirements. The power monitoring module is responsible for monitoring the current power status and reporting any power problems to the microprocessor for processing.

[0048] Specifically, when the power monitoring module detects undervoltage, overvoltage, overcurrent, short circuit, overtemperature, or overvoltage at the communication port, it sends an interrupt signal and reports the abnormality type to the microprocessor. The microprocessor then controls the power control module to enter protective power supply or disconnect the power supply based on the monitoring situation.

[0049] In addition to configuring power output through the power control module, the power management section of this invention also incorporates a power monitoring module during the control process. This module monitors the power supply status and, if parameters such as voltage, current, or temperature exceed safe limits, sends an interrupt signal to the microprocessor via the communication port to report the anomaly. The microprocessor then controls the power control module based on the monitoring data, either entering protective power supply mode or disconnecting the power supply. During high-speed charging, the rapid charging speed of the battery can easily lead to overvoltage and overcurrent problems. Without the protection of a power management module, this would pose a serious safety hazard to the device. By adding a power monitoring module, the safety risks of the device can be effectively reduced, ensuring normal operation and charging speed. The power management module integrates a CV / CC control loop and supports both optocoupler feedback and FB feedback operating modes.

[0050] The communication interface management module is responsible for controlling the interface circuit structure, configuring the interface circuit according to different protocols, and controlling the communication switch; the communication interface management module supports Type C and Type A charging interfaces.

[0051] The multi-protocol switching module identifies and switches between various fast charging protocols and activates the corresponding fast charging protocol physical module when faced with multiple fast charging protocols. The protocols that the multi-protocol switching module can identify include USB PD, QC2.0 / 3.0, Huawei FCP, SCP, Samsung AFC, Transsion TFC, BC1.2DCP, Apple 5V / 2.4A and UFCS.

[0052] The fast charging protocol physical module adopts a dedicated integrated circuit design, including a communication encoding / decoding module, a receiving control module, a transmitting control module, and an interface communication module, such as... Figure 2 As shown;

[0053] The communication encoding and decoding module encodes and decodes the fast charging protocol signals on the communication line. During the receiving process, it converts the serial communication signal into parallel communication data and hands it over to the receiving control module. During the sending process, it converts the data packet into a serial signal as required and sends it to the charging device through the interface in the communication interface management module.

[0054] The receiving control module parses the received messages according to their function, data, correctness, and integrity, and then sends the parsed content to the interface communication module.

[0055] The sending control module constructs the message to be sent according to the requirements of the interface communication module, and sends the constructed message to the communication encoding and decoding module;

[0056] The interface communication module communicates with the microprocessor, provides feedback on the message parsing results from the receiving control module, and controls the sending control module to send messages according to the microprocessor's requirements.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment is a multi-protocol fast charging integrated control method, including the above-mentioned multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system, and further including the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: After the microprocessor is connected to the power supply, the status variables and interrupts are initialized. The initialization of status variables includes chip clock calibration and restoration of default parameter configurations for each module.

[0060] Step 2: Wait for the charging device to connect. If the charging device is not detected for a long time, it will enter a sleep state. After the charging device is connected, the microprocessor controls the interface circuit through the multi-protocol switching module and the communication interface management module, and identifies the charging protocol used by the connected charging device through the communication interface waveform. After the identification is completed, the identification result is fed back to the microprocessor.

[0061] The charging protocol used by the connected charging device is identified through the communication interface waveform. Specifically:

[0062] Based on the communication data signal interface used, fast charging protocols are divided into two types: those using a CC-line communication interface and those using DP and DM-line communication interfaces. Fast charging protocols using a CC-line communication interface include USB PD, while those using DP and DM-line communication include QC2.0 / 3.0, Huawei FCP, SCP, Samsung AFC, Transsion TFC, BC1.2DCP, Apple 5V / 2.4A, and UFCS. The specific protocol identification process is as follows... Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 In this context, "other" refers to other fast charging protocols besides USB PD, UFCS, and BC1.2DCP.

[0063] Step 3: The microprocessor enables the corresponding fast charging protocol physical module according to the protocol used by the charging device, and then the microprocessor negotiates communication with the access device through the fast charging protocol physical module;

[0064] Step 4: Based on the negotiation requirements of the charging equipment and its own power configuration limitations, the microprocessor controls the power management module to output effective power configuration, and continuously adjusts the voltage or current of the output power as required during the charging process; if the power supply has undervoltage, overvoltage, overcurrent, short circuit, overheating, or communication port overvoltage problems, the microprocessor will control the power control module to enter protective power supply or disconnect the power supply according to the specific power problem.

[0065] This embodiment takes the communication negotiation of the UFCS protocol as an example. The negotiation process is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the specific process is as follows:

[0066] Based on the preset power configuration information, upon receiving a power data request message from the charging device, the microprocessor controls the fast charging protocol physical module to send the power output capability of the power supply device to the charging device. Then, cable identification is performed. After cable identification, depending on the manufacturer's requirements, it is determined whether to perform custom authentication information interaction. After authentication, it enters UFCS power supply mode, providing a basic 5V / 3A power supply. If a voltage adjustment request message is received from the charging device, it first determines whether the requested power output is within the allowable range. If it is not within the allowable range, a rejection message is sent, and the power request is discarded. If the request is within the allowable range, an acknowledgment message is sent. After receiving the response message, the power output is adjusted, and an adjustment completion command is sent. Power supply continues after voltage adjustment until the charging device is unplugged, at which point the microprocessor clears the current configuration and enters sleep mode.

[0067] Step 5: If the removal of the charging device or a serious hardware error is detected, the power supply is stopped and all current power supply configurations are cleared, returning to the state of waiting for the charging device to be connected.

[0068] Existing technologies have low integration, require a large number of chips, and are costly. This invention uses a microprocessor as the control center, along with an ACDC or DCDC converter and a few other peripheral components. Based on requirements, it designs a power management module, a multi-protocol switching module, a fast charging protocol physical module, and a communication interface management module. This enables the scheduling and control of fast charging protocols, forming a complete, high-performance Type-C / Type-A universal fast charging system. The control program can be configured according to application requirements to manage charging functions, maintaining high scalability while reducing program load and improving system response speed. It is relatively easy to implement, requires fewer chips, has high integration per chip, and is cost-effective.

[0069] This invention features high integration and flexibility. It effectively reduces charging costs, simplifies charger design, supports multiple fast charging protocols, and has a wide range of applications.

[0070] This invention integrates a multi-protocol switching module and a communication interface management module to identify and switch between different fast charging protocols. It achieves compatibility with different fast charging protocols by controlling the switching of the charging interface's circuit structure. Compared to traditional solutions that use a microprocessor for charging protocol identification, this significantly improves scalability, compatibility, and identification response speed.

[0071] This invention employs a hardware-software hybrid design, using a microprocessor as its core. By combining the microprocessor with a fast charging protocol physical module, a single chip achieves excellent compatibility with multiple fast charging protocols at a lower cost. It can recognize USB PD, QC2.0 / 3.0, Huawei FCP, SCP, Samsung AFC, Transsion TFC, BC1.2DCP, Apple 5V / 2.4A, and UFCS protocols. Furthermore, compared to a pure microprocessor solution, it improves response speed, reduces resource requirements, saves charging chip area, and significantly reduces costs.

[0072] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention without creative effort should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system, characterized in that, It includes a microprocessor, a power management module, a communication interface management module, a multi-protocol switching module, and a fast charging protocol physical module. The microprocessor is responsible for fast charging protocol strategy control and controls the multi-protocol switching module, power management module and fast charging protocol physical module through external data bus and interrupt signals. The power management module includes a power control module and a power monitoring module. The power control module configures the charger's power output according to the microprocessor's requirements. The power monitoring module is responsible for monitoring the current power status and reporting any power problems to the microprocessor for processing. The communication interface management module is responsible for controlling the interface circuit structure, configuring the interface circuit according to different protocols, and controlling the communication switch. The multi-protocol switching module can identify and switch between various fast charging protocols and activate the corresponding fast charging protocol physical module when faced with multiple fast charging protocols. The fast charging protocol physical module adopts a dedicated integrated circuit design, including a communication encoding / decoding module, a receiving control module, a transmitting control module, and an interface communication module; The communication encoding and decoding module encodes and decodes the fast charging protocol signals on the communication line. During the receiving process, it converts the serial communication signal into parallel communication data and hands it over to the receiving control module. During the sending process, it converts the data packet into a serial signal as required and sends it to the charging device through the interface in the communication interface management module. The receiving control module parses the received messages and sends them to the interface communication module according to the parsed content; The sending control module constructs the message to be sent according to the requirements of the interface communication module, and sends the constructed message to the communication encoding and decoding module; The interface communication module communicates with the microprocessor, provides feedback on the message parsing results from the receiving control module, and controls the sending control module to send messages according to the microprocessor's requirements.

2. The multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving control module parses the received messages according to their function, data, message correctness, and message integrity.

3. The multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the power monitoring module detects undervoltage, overvoltage, overcurrent, short circuit, overtemperature, or overvoltage at the communication port, it sends an interrupt signal and reports the abnormality type to the microprocessor. The microprocessor then controls the power control module to enter protective power supply mode or disconnect the power supply based on the monitoring results.

4. The multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-protocol switching module can recognize protocols including USB PD, QC2.0 / 3.0, Huawei FCP, SCP, Samsung AFC, Transsion TFC, BC1.2DCP, Apple 5V / 2.4A and UFCS.

5. The multi-protocol fast charging integrated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication interface management module supports both Type C and Type A charging interfaces.

6. A multi-protocol fast charging integrated control method, comprising the system as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: Step 1: After the microprocessor is connected to the power supply, the status variables and interrupts are initialized first. Step 2: Wait for the charging device to connect. If the charging device is not detected for a long time, it will enter a sleep state. After the charging device is connected, the microprocessor controls the interface circuit through the multi-protocol switching module and the communication interface management module, and identifies the charging protocol used by the connected charging device through the communication interface waveform. After the identification is completed, the identification result is fed back to the microprocessor. Step 3: The microprocessor enables the corresponding fast charging protocol physical module according to the protocol used by the charging device, and then the microprocessor negotiates communication with the access device through the fast charging protocol physical module; Step 4: Based on the negotiation requirements of the charging equipment and its own power configuration limitations, the microprocessor controls the power management module to output an effective power configuration, and continuously adjusts the voltage or current of the output power as required during the charging process. Step 5: If the removal of the charging device or a serious hardware error is detected, the power supply is stopped and all current power supply configurations are cleared, returning to the state of waiting for the charging device to be connected.

7. The multi-protocol fast charging integrated control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 1, initializing state variables includes chip clock calibration and restoring the default parameter configurations of each module.

8. The multi-protocol fast charging integrated control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 2, the charging protocol used by the access charging device is identified through the communication interface waveform. Specifically: Based on the communication data signal interface used, fast charging protocols are divided into two types: those using CC line communication interface and those using DP and DM line communication interfaces. Fast charging protocols using CC line communication interface include USB PD, while those using DP and DM line communication include QC2.0 / 3.0, Huawei FCP, SCP, Samsung AFC, Transsion TFC, BC1.2DCP, Apple 5V / 2.4A and UFCS.

9. The multi-protocol fast charging integrated control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the power supply process in step 4, if the power supply experiences undervoltage, overvoltage, overcurrent, short circuit, overheating, or overvoltage at the communication port, the microprocessor will control the power control module to enter protective power supply or disconnect the power supply according to the specific power supply problem.

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