A distributed self-driving monitoring buoy

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of utilization of marine renewable energy, and discloses a distributed self-driven monitoring buoy, comprising a float, a cavity is provided in the float; a swing mechanism is placed in the cavity, the swing mechanism comprises a pendulum tray, an optical axis, a horizontal pendulum shaft and a counterweight, the pendulum tray is rotatably installed in the cavity, the optical axis is rotatably coaxially installed on the pendulum tray, the bottom end of the optical axis passes through the pendulum tray downward, the horizontal pendulum shaft is horizontally connected to the bottom end of the optical axis, and the counterweight is fixed to the end of the horizontal pendulum shaft; a power generation mechanism is installed in the pendulum tray, and the power generation mechanism is connected to the optical axis; when the float floats, the pendulum tray swings, driving the counterweight to rotate horizontally, so that the optical axis drives the power generation mechanism to generate electricity. The present invention can reduce the harmful effects of the coupling between the hydrodynamic response of the float and power generation, so that the power generation mechanism maintains a constant center of mass position relative to the float, ensures the stable operation of the power generation mechanism, and ensures that the float is adaptively balanced in the water to extract energy from ocean waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine renewable energy utilization, and in particular to a distributed self-driven monitoring buoy. Background Art

[0002] As an extension of the Internet of Things (IoT), ocean monitoring and observation play an important role in building a smart ocean, and a large number of ocean distributed sensor devices are the basis for building ocean monitoring. At present, due to the complex marine environment and limited battery capacity, the large number and wide distribution of ocean monitoring equipment face huge power supply challenges. Megawatt-class wave energy power generation devices have problems such as insufficient resistance to extreme environments and poor structural reliability, which affect the industrialization process of large-scale wave energy development and utilization devices; compared with large-scale devices, miniaturized wave energy power generation devices have enhanced resistance to marine environmental loads, and the efficiency and reliability of wave energy utilization have been improved, which is expected to realize the self-driving of ocean monitoring equipment.

[0003] At present, miniaturized wave energy power generation devices mainly include: oscillating water column type, wave gathering and overriding type, and point suction oscillation float type devices. Among them, the point suction oscillation wave energy float uses the vertical reciprocating oscillation of the floating body to capture wave energy, thereby storing hydraulic energy to generate electricity, or driving the mechanical structure to generate work to achieve energy conversion, with high energy conversion efficiency and good environmental adaptability. Point suction oscillation float type wave energy power generation devices usually aim to match the environmental excitation frequency with the device's own natural frequency. Most of the research on large-scale point suction oscillation float type devices ignores the coupling between the floating body and the power generation mechanism, and the position of the center of mass of the device will not change. However, due to the complexity of the marine environment, in actual situations, for miniaturized wave energy power generation devices, the asymmetric mass distribution will cause the floating body to tilt and weaken the regular oscillation of the buoy. Therefore, the position of the center of mass of the device will change continuously with the action of waves, affecting the stable operation of the power generation mechanism. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a distributed self-driven monitoring buoy to solve the problem that in the existing point-suction oscillation float device, the position of the center of mass of the device will constantly change with the action of waves, affecting the stable operation of the power generation mechanism.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The distributed self-driving monitoring buoy of the present invention comprises:

[0007] a float, wherein a cavity is provided in the float;

[0008] A swing mechanism, the swing mechanism is built into the cavity, the swing mechanism comprises a pendulum tray, an optical axis, a horizontal swing shaft and a counterweight, the pendulum tray is rotatably mounted in the cavity, the optical axis is rotatably coaxially mounted on the pendulum tray, the bottom end of the optical axis passes downward through the pendulum tray, the horizontal swing shaft is horizontally connected to the bottom end of the optical axis, and the counterweight is fixed to the end of the horizontal swing shaft;

[0009] A power generation mechanism, the power generation mechanism is installed in the pendulum tray, and the power generation mechanism is connected to the optical axis;

[0010] When the float floats, the pendulum tray swings, driving the counterweight block to rotate horizontally, so that the optical axis drives the power generation mechanism to generate electricity.

[0011] Preferably, the power generation mechanism includes a plurality of power generation units stacked up and down, each of the power generation units includes a supporting substrate, a rotor layer and a stator layer, a rotor layer is arranged on each of the upper and lower sides of the supporting substrate, a stator layer is arranged between each of the rotor layers and the supporting substrate, the stator layer is fixed to the supporting substrate, the rotor layer is fixed to the optical axis, and when the rotor layer rotates with the optical axis, friction is generated with the stator layer.

[0012] Preferably, the stator layer comprises a metal electrode layer and a dielectric material layer, the metal electrode layer is fixed on the upper side or the lower side of the supporting substrate, the dielectric material layer is fixed on the metal electrode layer, and the dielectric material layer is interposed between the metal electrode layer and the rotor layer.

[0013] Preferably, the metal electrode layer includes a plurality of first grid electrodes and a plurality of second grid electrodes, the plurality of first grid electrodes and the plurality of second grid electrodes are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction, the first grid electrodes extend radially outward from the center, and the second grid electrodes extend radially inward from the edge.

[0014] Preferably, the rotor layer comprises a plurality of third grid electrodes, the plurality of third grid electrodes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and each of the third grid electrodes is respectively extended radially outward from the center.

[0015] Preferably, the float comprises an upper float and a lower float, the upper float is sealedly connected to the lower float up and down, the upper float has a built-in solar energy storage tank, and the solar energy storage tank is provided with a solar power generation panel; the lower float is hemispherical, and the swing mechanism is placed in the lower float.

[0016] Preferably, the upper float comprises an upper sealing cover and a plurality of wedge-shaped blocks, the plurality of wedge-shaped blocks are sequentially connected to form a cone that is small at the top and large at the bottom, the lower portion of the wedge-shaped block is sealingly connected to the lower float, the upper portion of the wedge-shaped block is connected to the upper sealing cover, and the solar energy storage tank is arranged inside the wedge-shaped block.

[0017] Preferably, an energy management cabin is also built into the upper float, in which an energy management module is arranged. The energy management module is connected to the solar power generation panel and the power generation mechanism, and the energy management module is used to store the electric energy generated by the solar power generation panel and the power generation mechanism.

[0018] Preferably, the swing mechanism further comprises a tray swing sensor and a horizontal swing sensor, the tray swing sensor is coaxially mounted with the swing axis of the pendulum tray, and the horizontal swing sensor is coaxially mounted at the lower part of the optical axis.

[0019] Preferably, a ballast tank is provided at the bottom of the float, and a mooring ring is provided at the bottom of the ballast tank.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the distributed self-driving monitoring buoy according to the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The distributed self-driven monitoring buoy of the embodiment of the present invention has a swing mechanism and a power generation mechanism built into the float. The swing mechanism includes a pendulum tray, an optical axis, a horizontal pendulum axis and a counterweight. When waves act on the float, the center of mass position of the entire buoy device changes, causing the pendulum tray to rotate, and the pendulum tray and the float to swing relative to each other. During the swinging of the pendulum tray, the inertia of the coupled counterweight causes the counterweight to drive the horizontal pendulum axis to rotate around the optical axis, so that the horizontal pendulum axis rotates synchronously with the optical axis, and the external high-entropy wave energy is converted into mechanical energy for the stable rotation of the horizontal pendulum through the optical axis. The optical axis serves as the power input shaft of the power generation mechanism, driving the power generation mechanism to generate electricity, thereby realizing the conversion of wave energy into electrical energy, extracting energy from ocean waves, and powering the electrical equipment carried by the buoy, thereby realizing the self-driving of the distributed monitoring buoy. The present invention converts the irregular high-entropy motion of waves into the axial swing of a tray pendulum, and then converts it into the rotational motion of a horizontal pendulum generated based on inertia, thereby driving a power generation mechanism to generate electricity, reducing the harmful effects of the coupling between the hydrodynamic response of the float and the power generation, so that the power generation mechanism inside the float maintains a constant center of mass position relative to the float, ensuring the stable operation of the power generation mechanism, and at the same time ensuring the adaptive balance of the float in the water to extract energy from ocean waves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the distributed self-driving monitoring buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper float in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower float and the swing mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic connection structural diagram of the power generation mechanism and the swing mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the power generation mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic single-point mooring diagram of the distributed self-driven monitoring buoy of the present invention;

[0028] In the figure,

[0029] 1. Float; 11. Upper float; 111. Upper sealing cover; 112. Wedge block; 1121. Solar energy storage compartment; 1122. Energy management compartment; 12. Lower float; 121. Waterproof sealing ring; 1211. Arc notch;

[0030] 21. Pendulum tray; 211. Pendulum ear; 212. Flange structure; 22. Optical axis; 23. Horizontal swing axis; 231. Screw; 24. Counterweight; 241. Locking nut; 25. Tray pendulum sensor; 26. Horizontal swing sensor; 27. Support frame; 28. Bearing seat; 29. Transmission shaft;

[0031] 3. Power generation mechanism; 31. Support base; 311. Notch; 32. Rotor layer; 321. Third grid electrode; 322. Flange structure; 33. Stator layer; 331. Metal electrode layer; 3311. First grid electrode; 3312. Second grid electrode; 332. Dielectric material layer;

[0032] 4. Counterweight compartment; 5. Three-point mooring ring; 6. Single-point mooring ring; 7. Anchor seat; 8. Anchor chain. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, a distributed self-driven monitoring buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a float 1, a swing mechanism and a power generation mechanism 3, wherein the float 1 is used to absorb wave energy of the free liquid surface in the ocean, and a cavity is arranged in the float 1; the swing mechanism is built in the cavity, and the swing mechanism comprises a pendulum tray 21, an optical axis 22, a horizontal swing axis 23 and a counterweight 24, the pendulum tray 21 is rotatably mounted in the cavity, the optical axis 22 is rotatably coaxially mounted on the pendulum tray 21, the bottom end of the optical axis 22 passes downward through the pendulum tray 21, the horizontal swing axis 23 is horizontally connected to the bottom end of the optical axis 22, and the horizontal swing axis 23 is locked to the optical axis 22 by a screw 231. The bottom end of the shaft 22, the counterweight 24 is fixed to the end of the horizontal swing shaft 23, the horizontal swing shaft 23 is threaded, and the counterweight 24 and the end of the horizontal swing shaft 23 are locked and fixed by a locking nut 241; the horizontal swing shaft 23 is horizontally arranged, the optical axis 22 is vertically arranged, the optical axis 22 is perpendicular to the pendulum tray 21, and the horizontal swing shaft 23 is perpendicular to the optical axis 22; the power generation mechanism 3 is installed in the pendulum tray 21, the power generation mechanism 3 is connected to the optical axis 22, and the power generation mechanism 3 converts the rotational mechanical energy of the optical axis 22 into electrical energy; when the float 1 floats, the pendulum tray 21 swings, driving the counterweight 24 to rotate horizontally, so that the optical axis 22 drives the power generation mechanism 3 to generate electricity.

[0037] When waves act on the float 1, the center of mass position of the entire buoy device changes, causing the pendulum tray 21 to rotate, and the pendulum tray 21 and the float 1 to swing relative to each other. During the swinging of the pendulum tray 21, the inertia of the coupling counterweight 24 causes the counterweight 24 to drive the horizontal pendulum shaft 23 to rotate around the optical axis 22, so that the horizontal pendulum shaft 23 rotates synchronously with the optical axis 22, and the external high-entropy wave energy is converted into mechanical energy for the stable rotation of the horizontal pendulum through the optical axis 22. The optical axis 22 serves as the power input shaft of the power generation mechanism 3, driving the power generation mechanism 3 to generate electricity, thereby realizing the conversion of wave energy into electrical energy, extracting energy from ocean waves, and supplying power to the electrical equipment carried by the buoy, thereby realizing the self-driving of the distributed monitoring buoy.

[0038] The present invention converts the irregular high-entropy motion of waves into the axial swing of a tray pendulum, and then converts it into the rotational motion of a horizontal pendulum generated based on inertia, driving the power generation mechanism 3 to generate electricity, thereby reducing the harmful effects of the hydrodynamic response of the float 1 and the coupling of power generation, so that the power generation mechanism 3 inside the float 1 maintains a constant center of mass position relative to the float 1, ensuring the stable operation of the power generation mechanism 3, and at the same time ensuring that the float 1 is adaptively balanced in the water and extracts energy from ocean waves.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the float 1 includes an upper float 11 and a lower float 12, the upper float 11 and the lower float 12 are sealed and connected up and down, the upper float 11 is built with a solar energy storage tank 1121, and the solar energy storage tank 1121 is provided with a solar power generation panel, which is used to collect and utilize solar energy at sea and convert light energy into electrical energy; the lower float 12 is hemispherical to ensure that the float 1 swings freely under the excitation of waves and can adapt to the incoming flow in any direction. The swing mechanism is placed in the lower float 12, and the swing mechanism swings with the movement of the lower float 12. The swing mechanism drives the power generation mechanism 3 to operate during the swinging process, so that the float 1 can collect the swinging energy in various directions and continuously and efficiently convert the irregular high-entropy wave energy into electrical energy. Under the joint action of sunlight and waves, the present invention can collect light energy and swinging energy from various wave directions to self-drive the buoy.

[0040] The upper float 11 and the lower float 12 are connected by a waterproof sealing ring 121 to ensure the sealing of the connection between the upper float 11 and the lower float 12. Furthermore, a plurality of arc-shaped notches 1211 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on the waterproof sealing ring 121 to facilitate the transportation, placement and recovery of the float 1. The arc-shaped notches 1211 penetrate the waterproof sealing ring 121 up and down, and the plurality of arc-shaped notches 1211 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the waterproof sealing ring 121.

[0041] Furthermore, the upper float 11 includes an upper sealing cover 111 and a plurality of wedge-shaped blocks 112, the upper sealing cover 111 is circular, and the plurality of wedge-shaped blocks 112 are sequentially connected to form a cone that is small at the top and large at the bottom, the lower part of the wedge-shaped block 112 is sealed and connected to the lower float 12, the upper part of the wedge-shaped block 112 is connected to the upper sealing cover 111, and the solar energy storage tank 1121 is arranged inside the wedge-shaped block 112. Furthermore, the angle between the wedge-shaped slope of the wedge-shaped block 112 and the horizontal plane where it is located is 60°, which increases the incident area of ​​sunlight.

[0042] Preferably, the wedge block 112 is made of transparent waterproof material such as acrylic. The wedge-shaped slope surface of the wedge block 112 is coated with transparent nano anti-corrosion hydrophobic material, which reduces the viscosity of seawater on the floating body surface due to gravity and inertia, avoids the hazards of marine organism attachment and seawater corrosion, and improves the service life.

[0043] In this embodiment, the upper float 11 is also built with an energy management cabin 1122, in which an energy management module is provided, and the energy management module is connected to the solar panel and the power generation mechanism 3, and is used to store the electric energy generated by the solar panel and the power generation mechanism 3, and continuously supply power to the electric equipment carried by the buoy. The buoy is driven by the electric energy generated by the solar panel and the power generation mechanism 3, so that the buoy still has the self-driving capability under harsh environmental conditions.

[0044] In this embodiment, the swing mechanism further includes a tray pendulum sensor 25 and a horizontal pendulum sensor 26. The tray pendulum sensor 25 is coaxially installed with the swing axis of the pendulum tray 21. The tray pendulum sensor 25 is a hollow angular displacement sensor, which is used to monitor the angle change of the pendulum tray 21 as the float 1 moves. The angular displacement, angular velocity, angular acceleration, frequency and other parameters generated by the oscillation of the float 1 can be calculated by monitoring the angle change to reflect the motion state of the float 1 itself; the horizontal pendulum sensor 26 is coaxially installed at the lower part of the optical axis 22. The horizontal pendulum sensor 26 is a hollow angular displacement sensor, which is used to monitor the speed, angular displacement, angular velocity, angular acceleration and frequency of the horizontal pendulum shaft 23 during the rotational movement. Since the horizontal pendulum shaft 23 drives the optical axis 22 to rotate, the optical axis 22 serves as the power input shaft of the generator 3. Therefore, by monitoring the rotational motion parameters of the horizontal pendulum shaft 23, the input mechanical energy of the generator 3 can be monitored. By changing the mass of the counterweight 24 and its position on the horizontal pendulum shaft 23, the optimal structural parameters and energy capture efficiency of the float 1 can be tested.

[0045] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the horizontal cross section of the pendulum tray 21 is circular, and pendulum ears 211 are fixed at both ends of the pendulum tray 21. Support frames 27 are fixed on both sides of the inner wall of the float 1. The support frame 27 is horizontally arranged, and a bearing seat 28 is installed on the support frame 27. The bearing seat 28 and the support frame 27 are fixed by bolts. A transmission shaft 29 is rotatably installed in each bearing seat 28, and the transmission shaft 29 is connected to the pendulum ear 211 through a pin. The tray pendulum sensor 25 is assembled at the end of one of the transmission shafts 29, and the tray pendulum sensor 25 is fixed on the support frame 27. The support frame 27 is fixed to the lower float 12, and the bearing seat 28 and the tray pendulum sensor 25 are both fixed on the support frame 27, so that when the float 1 is moved by the action of waves, the pendulum tray 21 can only be forced to swing in a fixed direction relative to the lower float 12, specifically around the transmission shaft 29.

[0046] The lower surface of the pendulum tray 21 is provided with a flange structure 212, which is cylindrical, and the horizontal pendulum sensor 26 is coaxially fixed to the lower surface of the flange structure 212 by screws 231. A bearing is embedded in the flange structure 212, and the optical axis 22 passes through the bearing and is fixed by a shaft shoulder.

[0047] In this embodiment, the counterweight 24 is a cylinder, and the counterweight 24 is coaxially arranged with the horizontal swing shaft 23 to facilitate the rotation of the counterweight 24 under the action of inertia.

[0048] Under the premise of ensuring the power generation performance, ensure that the swing mechanism swings and rotates stably inside the float 1. Preferably, the ratio of the inner diameter of the float 1 to the outer diameter of the power generation mechanism 3 is limited to 11:6; the relationship between the mass M of the pendulum tray 21 and the mass m of the counterweight 24 is limited to M≥4m; the ratio of the length of the horizontal swing axis 23 to the radius of the power generation mechanism 3 is limited to 1:1. The distance h from the origin of the horizontal swing axis 23 to the bottom of the float 1 should be greater than the sum of the length l of the horizontal swing axis 23 and the radius r of the counterweight 24 (h≥l+r).

[0049] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 The power generation mechanism 3 includes a plurality of power generation units stacked up and down, and the structure of each power generation unit is basically the same. Figure 5As shown, the power generation unit includes a support substrate 31, a rotor layer 32 and a stator layer 33. The rotor layer 32 is disposed on the upper and lower sides of the support substrate 31, and a stator layer 33 is disposed between each rotor layer 32 and the support substrate 31. The stator layer 33 is fixed to the support substrate 31, and the rotor layer 32 is fixed to the optical axis 22. When the rotor layer 32 rotates with the optical axis 22, friction is generated with the stator layer 33. Preferably, the spacing between the rotor layer 32 and the stator layer 33 is in the range of 0 to 0.5 mm. The support substrate 31 is provided with a z-shaped cross section, and the support substrates 31 of adjacent power generation units are fixedly nested by a z-shaped structure, and the connection structure is stable.

[0050] Furthermore, the stator layer 33 includes a metal electrode layer 331 and a dielectric material layer 332, wherein the metal electrode layer 331 is fixed on the upper side or the lower side of the support substrate 31, and the dielectric material layer 332 is fixed on the metal electrode layer 331, and the dielectric material layer 332 is between the metal electrode layer 331 and the rotor layer 32. The metal electrode of the metal electrode layer 331 is preferably made of copper or gold. The dielectric material layer 332 adheres to the metal electrode layer 331 to avoid mutual breakdown between the metal electrodes and reduce the friction loss between the rotor layer 32 and the stator layer 33. The thickness of the dielectric material layer 332 is preferably 50 to 100 μm. The material of the dielectric material layer 332 is polyvinyl chloride or other materials whose triboelectric series is closer to negative.

[0051] The metal electrode layer 331 includes a plurality of first grid electrodes 3311 and a plurality of second grid electrodes 3312. The plurality of first grid electrodes 3311 and the plurality of second grid electrodes 3312 are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction. The first grid electrodes 3311 are radially extended outward from the center, and the second grid electrodes 3312 are radially extended inward from the edge. In this embodiment, the number of the first grid electrodes 3311 and the number of the second grid electrodes 3312 are both 24, the gap is preferably 2 mm, and the gap angle is preferably 0.5°.

[0052] The rotor layer 32 includes a plurality of third grid electrodes 321, which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and each of the third grid electrodes 321 is respectively extended radially outward from the center. The number of the third grid electrodes 321 is equal to the number of the first grid electrodes 3311 and the second grid electrodes 3312, and the number of the third grid electrodes 321 is 24. Furthermore, a flange structure 322 is provided at the center flange of the rotor layer 32, so that the rotor layer 32 is conveniently fixed to the optical axis 22 by means of a top screw 231, and during rotational movement, the rotor layer 32 and the optical axis 22 remain relatively stationary. Each third grid electrode 321 is extended radially outward from the flange structure 322.

[0053] The supporting base 31 of the power generation unit is provided with a notch 311, and the first grid electrode 3311 and the second grid electrode 3312 of the metal electrode layer 331 are respectively welded with wires, which are connected to the energy management module. The electric energy generated by each power generation unit is integrated and transmitted to the energy management module through the wires.

[0054] In this embodiment, a ballast tank 4 is provided at the bottom of the float 1. The ballast tank 4 is cylindrical and is integrally formed with the lower float 12. By changing the ballast weight, the buoy can remain relatively stable in the sea and is not easy to capsize.

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, a mooring ring is provided at the bottom of the counterweight compartment 4, and the buoy can be moored and fixed in a specific sea area to be used as a monitoring base station to cope with environmental conditions such as extreme weather and severe sea conditions. Further, the mooring ring includes a three-point mooring ring 5 and a single-point mooring ring 6, wherein the three-point mooring ring 5 is suitable for mooring the buoy in the deep sea, and the single-point mooring ring 6 is suitable for mooring the buoy in the shallow sea. Figure 6 As shown, taking single-point mooring as an example, an anchor seat 7 is laid on the seabed, and the anchor seat 7 is connected to the single-point mooring ring 6 through an anchor chain 8. Among them, the anchor seat 7 can be a cast steel high-grip anchor, and the anchor chain 8 can be a welded steel chain.

[0056] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a distributed self-driven monitoring buoy, which collects light energy through solar panels; the built-in swing mechanism in the float 1 converts the irregular high entropy motion of the waves into the swing of the pendulum tray 21 around the axis, and then converts it into the rotational motion of the horizontal swing shaft 23 generated based on inertia, and drives the power generation mechanism 3 to generate electricity through friction through the optical axis 22, so as to realize the conversion of wave energy into electrical energy and collect wave energy; through the energy management module, the solar panels and the electrical energy generated by the power generation mechanism 3 are coupled to continuously provide electrical energy for the electrical equipment carried by the buoy, so as to realize the self-driving of the distributed monitoring buoy. In addition, the buoy of the present invention can be used as a drifting buoy for distributed deployment in the ocean. The buoy is small in size, low in cost, and has a reliable structure. It can be deployed in inland rivers, canals, lakes, bays and other areas for continuous work.

[0057] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed self-driven monitoring buoy, characterized in that, it includes: a float, with a cavity provided inside the float; a swing mechanism, which is built in the cavity. The swing mechanism includes a pendulum tray, an optical axis, a horizontal swing axis and a counterweight. The pendulum tray is rotatably installed in the cavity. The optical axis is rotatably coaxially installed on the pendulum tray. The bottom end of the optical axis passes downward through the pendulum tray. The horizontal swing axis is horizontally connected to the bottom end of the optical axis. The counterweight is fixed to the end of the horizontal swing axis; a power generation mechanism, which is installed in the pendulum tray and is connected to the optical axis; the power generation mechanism includes a plurality of stacked power generation units. Each power generation unit includes a support substrate, a rotor layer and a stator layer. One rotor layer is provided on each of the upper and lower sides of the support substrate. One stator layer is provided between each rotor layer and the support substrate. The stator layer is fixed to the support substrate. The rotor layer is fixed to the optical axis. When the rotor layer rotates with the optical axis, friction is generated with the stator layer; When the float floats, the pendulum tray swings, driving the counterweight to rotate horizontally, so that the optical axis drives the power generation mechanism to generate electricity.

2. The distributed self-driven monitoring buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that, the stator layer includes a metal electrode layer and a dielectric material layer. The metal electrode layer is fixed on the upper side or the lower side of the support substrate. The dielectric material layer is fixed on the metal electrode layer. The dielectric material layer is between the metal electrode layer and the rotor layer.

3. The distributed self-driven monitoring buoy according to claim 2, characterized in that, the metal electrode layer includes a plurality of first grid electrodes and a plurality of second grid electrodes. The plurality of first grid electrodes and the plurality of second grid electrodes are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The first grid electrodes extend radially outward from the center. The second grid electrodes extend radially inward from the edge.

4. The distributed self-driven monitoring buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that, the rotor layer includes a plurality of third grid electrodes. The plurality of third grid electrodes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Each third grid electrode extends radially outward from the center.

5. The distributed self-driven monitoring buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that, the float includes an upper float and a lower float. The upper float and the lower float are hermetically connected up and down. A solar storage compartment is provided inside the upper float. A solar power generation panel is provided in the solar storage compartment. The lower float is hemispherical. The swing mechanism is placed inside the lower float.

6. The distributed self-driven monitoring buoy according to claim 5, characterized in that, the upper float includes an upper sealing cover and a plurality of wedge-shaped blocks. The plurality of wedge-shaped blocks are sequentially connected to form a frustum of a cone with a smaller top and a larger bottom. The lower part of the wedge-shaped block is hermetically connected to the lower float. The upper part of the wedge-shaped block is connected to the upper sealing cover. The solar storage compartment is arranged inside the wedge-shaped block.

7. The distributed self-driven monitoring buoy according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The upper float also has an energy management cabin built in, in which an energy management module is arranged. The energy management module is connected to the solar power generation panel and the power generation mechanism, and is used to store the electric energy generated by the solar power generation panel and the power generation mechanism.

8. The distributed self-propelled monitoring buoy according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The swing mechanism also includes a tray swing sensor and a horizontal swing sensor. The tray swing sensor is coaxially installed with the swing axis of the pendulum tray, and the horizontal swing sensor is coaxially installed at the lower part of the optical axis.

9. The distributed self-propelled monitoring buoy according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A ballast tank is arranged at the bottom of the float, and a mooring ring is arranged at the bottom of the ballast tank.

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