A multi-channel spatially resolved curved-crystal spectrometer and its alignment method

Abstract

The application relates to a multi-channel spatial resolution curved crystal spectrometer and an assembling and adjusting method thereof, and the assembling and adjusting method comprises a positioning process of a plasma X-ray radiation source and specifically comprises the following steps: S1: taking a positioning object point irradiated by visible laser as a simulated plasma X-ray radiation source, adjusting a multi-channel curved crystal device to a visible laser reflection light path, and adjusting a framing camera to an image plane position of the multi-channel curved crystal device; S2: determining the relative position of the positioning object point relative to the multi-channel curved crystal device through a multi-light-path sighting lens, wherein the multi-light-path sighting lens is fixedly arranged relative to the multi-channel curved crystal device; and S3: replacing the positioning object point with the plasma X-ray radiation source according to the position of the positioning object point determined by the multi-light-path sighting lens, so as to complete the positioning of the plasma X-ray radiation source. Compared with the prior art, the application has the time-resolved X-ray energy spectrum measurement function and realizes rapid and accurate offline assembly and online debugging.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of X-ray imaging for laser plasma diagnosis, and relates to a multi-channel spatially resolved curved crystal spectrometer and a method for assembling and adjusting the same. BACKGROUND

[0002] The evolution process of plasma under high energy density conditions is an important content of controllable fusion scientific research of laser driving and heavy ion driving. High-resolution detection of X-ray radiation energy spectrum of plasma under complex environment, with the help of related atomic physics model, is an important diagnostic method for effectively obtaining key information of plasma evolution. The curved crystal spectrometer with spatial resolution has important application value in some special demand physical experiments, and has been proved to be a core diagnostic equipment for carrying out high-resolution X-ray energy spectrum measurement, which can determine key information such as electron temperature, electron density, charge state, electron energy distribution and plasma ionization state. Especially for heavy ion driven fusion experimental research, spatially resolved X-ray energy spectrum measurement can provide basic information of charge exchange process occurring along the direction of ion beam flow stopping path, and is a powerful diagnostic means for studying charge exchange process in ion-atom collision.

[0003] Focusing Spectrographs with Spatial Resolution (FSSR) was proposed by L. M. Belyaev et al. in 1977. This kind of focusing spectrograph can obtain high spatial resolution and energy resolution at the same time. Due to its high detection brightness, high energy resolution and spatial resolution, this kind of focusing spectrograph is widely used in laser plasma diagnosis. For example, the FSSR combined with X-ray spectrum is used to study the complex plasma fluid dynamics experiment, which can infer the formation of the plasma shell and the accretion column around the collision position with the surface of the star, so as to solve the difference between the mass accretion rate obtained by X-ray and optical radiation astronomical observation. However, there are still some key problems to be solved in the developed FSSR spectrometer. First of all, the current FSSR spectrometer is mostly single-channel structure, and the obtained image is mostly time-integrated X-ray spectrum, which cannot reflect the time variation information of X-ray radiation spectrum. In order to obtain the X-ray radiation spectrum information at multiple times, a time-resolved detection device such as a framing camera needs to be placed on the detection surface. A high-voltage pulse is used to select and record the signal at different times by using multiple strips of framing camera. Since each X-ray spectrum corresponds to a detection time, the multi-crystal working mode is generally needed for the focusing spectrograph, and the optical structure arrangement is the first problem to be solved. Secondly, when multiple crystals work together, the consistency of X-ray radiation spectrum is an important guarantee for the calibration of radiation spectrum intensity at different times. According to the Bragg formula, the specific energy detected is directly related to the working Bragg angle of the crystal, so it is necessary to integrate and assemble multiple crystals into a whole through good off-line assembly method to ensure the consistency of the detected energy, and the arrangement position of each detection spectrum signal on the image plane can match the different strips of framing camera. Finally, due to the high energy resolution of the crystal, slight angle change will cause the drift of the working energy. In order to ensure that the X-ray radiation spectrum calibration data obtained by online experiment is consistent with the off-line assembly, the focusing spectrograph with off-line assembly switching needs to have high repeatability during online debugging.

[0004] Chinese patent CN111781797A discloses a multi-channel curved crystal imaging system and its adjustment method. The imaging system includes a curved crystal assembly, a simulated positioning object point, a channel bottom plate, a base, a debris protection assembly and an image surface indicating laser. The curved crystal assembly is symmetrically loaded on the channel bottom plate. The simulated positioning object point is extended from the rear end of the channel base to the ideal object point position through the sliding block. The debris protection assembly is provided with a filter window. The multi-channel image surface indicating laser indicates the ideal image surface. First, the simulated positioning object point is adjusted to be located on the central axis of a precision turntable. Through X-ray imaging experiment, the working surface of the curved crystal assembly is controlled to be inclined to the axis at a specific angle and distance, so that the imaging resolution of each channel is the highest, the curved crystal response energy point meets the design requirements, and the image points are accurately distributed on the microstrip of the framing camera. Finally, the curved crystal assembly is solidified, and the image surface is indicated by laser. The development difficulty of the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system cannot be adjusted by traditional optical adjustment methods such as visible light. It can only be adjusted by x-ray adjustment method. The traditional x-ray adjustment method cannot meet the adjustment of the multi-channel system and cannot solve the problem of common field of view. Although the prior art solves the problem of common field of view, it is often complex in structure, high in cost, and has the advantages of good reliability, simple structure, high adjustment precision and the like. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the defect that the spatial resolution curved crystal spectrometer is a single-channel structure and cannot reflect the time variation information of the X-ray radiation energy spectrum. A multi-channel spatial resolution curved crystal spectrometer and its adjustment method are provided. Specifically, a multi-channel curved crystal spectrometer and its adjustment method for time framing diagnosis of laser plasma X-ray radiation energy spectrum are provided. The spectrometer realizes effective coupling with the microstrip of the framing camera through the optimized arrangement of the multi-channel curved crystal, and realizes high-precision assembly and debugging based on a series of continuous offline assembly and online debugging steps and mechanisms, thereby providing a new time-resolved X-ray radiation energy spectrum measurement method and equipment for laser plasma diagnosis research.

[0006] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] An adjustment method of a multi-channel spatial resolution curved crystal spectrometer includes a positioning process of a plasma X-ray radiation source, which includes the following steps:

[0008] S1: The positioning object point irradiated by the visible laser is used as a simulated plasma X-ray radiation source. The multi-channel curved crystal device is adjusted to the visible laser reflection light path. The framing camera is adjusted to the image surface position of the multi-channel curved crystal device;

[0009] S2: The relative position of the positioning object point with respect to the multi-channel curved crystal device is determined by a multi-light path sighting lens, wherein the multi-light path sighting lens is fixedly arranged with respect to the multi-channel curved crystal device;

[0010] S3: Replacing the positioning object point with the plasma X-ray radiation source according to the positioning object point position determined by the multi-optical collimator lens, and completing positioning of the plasma X-ray radiation source.

[0011] Further, the multi-channel QPM device comprises a plurality of QPM elements arranged side by side.

[0012] Further, in step S1, when the structure of the QPM element is in a focusing form, in the meridian direction, the relative position relationship of the positioning object point, the multi-channel QPM device and the framing camera conforms to the focusing formula 1 a +1 / b =2 sin θ / R , wherein a is the distance from the positioning object point to the center of the QPM element, b is the distance from the center of the QPM element to the image plane position, θ is the Bragg diffraction angle of the center position of the QPM element, R is the radius of curvature of the QPM element.

[0013] Further, in step S1, a plurality of imaging microbands in the framing camera are arranged along a circular arc with the positioning object point as the center, and the center distance between adjacent imaging microbands is denoted as L;

[0014] In the sagittal direction, a plurality of QPM elements are arranged along a circular arc with the positioning object point as the center, and the center distance between adjacent QPM elements is denoted as m aL / a+b .

[0015] A multi-channel spatially resolved QPM spectrometer obtained by using the above-described adjustment method comprises, in sequence along the optical path direction, a visible light laser source, a positioning object point, a multi-channel QPM device, a framing camera, a positioning object point moving device in transmission connection with the positioning object point, an overall attitude adjustment assembly in transmission connection with the multi-channel QPM device, and a multi-optical collimator lens arranged on the overall attitude adjustment assembly.

[0016] Further, the multi-channel QPM device comprises a plurality of QPM elements arranged side by side, and the QPM elements adopt a spherical, toric or aspherical shape.

[0017] Further, the positioning object point moving device comprises a linear guide rail.

[0018] Further, the overall attitude adjustment assembly comprises a longitudinal displacement guide rail, a sliding block arranged on the longitudinal displacement guide rail, and a transverse displacement base arranged on the sliding block, and the multi-channel QPM device and the multi-optical collimator lens are arranged on the transverse displacement base.

[0019] Further, the multi-light-path sighting lens comprises visible light CCD monitoring lenses arranged side by side on both sides of the multi-channel bend crystal device.

[0020] Further, the positioning object point is a metal positioning ball with a diameter of φ = 500 μm.

[0021] In offline assembly, the whole system uses the positioning object point, i.e., the positioning ball, to irradiate visible light laser on the positioning ball, and completes offline assembly according to the visible light reflected by the bend crystal, and on this basis, the spatial coordinate positions of the positioning ball under two observation visual angles are defined through the dual visible light CCD monitoring lens; then in online debugging, the whole system is adjusted through the whole attitude adjustment assembly, so that the center of the experimental target, i.e., the plasma X-ray radiation source, coincides with the spatial coordinate positions under two observation visual angles, and the positioning work of the plasma X-ray radiation source is completed.

[0022] The application has the functions of time-resolved X-ray energy spectrum measurement, and realizes fast and accurate offline assembly and online debugging.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following characteristics:

[0024] 1) The application provides an offline assembly and integrated debugging method, which completes offline assembly of a multi-channel bend crystal spectrometer through visible light laser sighting means, and forms an ideal entity object point marker of the subsequent online debugging by using a detachable simulated positioning ball assembly means, which is equivalent to the measured X-ray radiation source point, and the consistency between the two is good. When switching to online debugging, the spatial position of the detachable simulated positioning ball assembly marker can be quickly transferred to the center of the experimental target through dual visible light CCD lens monitoring, and high online debugging accuracy is realized through pixel-level positioning of the CCD lens, thereby ensuring the subsequent X-ray radiation spectrum calibration accuracy.

[0025] 2) The application provides a multi-channel spatial resolution bend crystal spectrometer, which is coupled with a framing camera, so that the bend crystal spectrometer has a multi-channel optical structure with spatial and spectral resolution, and a solution for time resolution is obtained, thereby facilitating the diagnosis of the transient and evolution process of the plasma. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structure and assembly schematic diagram of the device in the application.

[0027] Figure 2 It is an optical structure diagram of the multi-channel bend crystal spectrometer with spatial resolution.

[0028] Figure 3The optical path diagrams of mica bent crystals for multi-channel spatial resolution bent crystal spectrometer in the (a) sagittal and (b) meridional directions;

[0029] Figure 4 For multi-channel spatially resolved bent crystal spectrometers at different image positions ( x Linear dispersion rate and spectral resolution power plot;

[0030] Figure 5 A hardware mechanical diagram used to determine the target point;

[0031] Figure 6 (a) shows the image obtained using an imaging plate with a Manson-type Al X-ray tube and Figure 6 (b) shows the measurement images obtained by the laser-induced plasma source and the framing camera in dynamic mode;

[0032] Explanation of markings in the diagram:

[0033] 1-1 / 1-2 are visible light CCD monitoring lenses, 1-3 are positioning points, 2-1 are horizontal guide rails and horizontal bases, 2-2 are vertical guide rails, 3 are framing cameras, 4 are positioning point moving devices, 5 are multi-channel bent crystal devices, and 6 are visible light laser sources. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] An offline setup and adjustment method for a multi-channel spatially resolved bent crystal spectrometer includes a positioning process for a plasma X-ray radiation source, which comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1: Offline assembly:

[0037] Using the visible laser-irradiated positioning points 1-3 as a simulated plasma X-ray radiation source, the multi-channel bent crystal device 5 is adjusted to the visible laser reflection path, and the framing camera 3 is adjusted to the image plane position of the multi-channel bent crystal device 5.

[0038] S2: Determine the relative positions of positioning points 1-3 with respect to the multi-channel bent crystal device 5 using a multi-optical-path aiming lens, wherein the multi-optical-path aiming lens is fixedly set relative to the multi-channel bent crystal device 5;

[0039] S3: Online debugging:

[0040] Based on the positions of positioning points 1-3 determined by the multi-path aiming lens, positioning points 1-3 are replaced with a plasma X-ray radiation source to complete the positioning of the plasma X-ray radiation source.

[0041] In some preferred embodiments, the multichannel bent crystal device 5 includes a plurality of bent crystal elements arranged in parallel.

[0042] In some preferred embodiments, in order to improve the X-ray signal intensity recorded by the microchannel plate of the framing camera 3, the crystal bending optical structure is designed in a focusing form, i.e. in the meridian direction, the relative position relationship of the object point 1-3, the multi-channel crystal bending device 5 and the framing camera 3 conforms to the focusing formula 1 / = 2 sin a +1 / b =2 sin θ / R , wherein a is the distance from the object point 1-3 to the center of the crystal bending element, b is the distance from the center of the crystal bending element to the image plane position, θ is the Bragg diffraction angle of the center position of the crystal bending element, R is the radius of curvature of the crystal bending element.

[0043] In some preferred embodiments, in step S1, the multiple imaging microchannels in the framing camera 3 are arranged along a circular arc with the object point 1-3 as the center, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent imaging microchannels is denoted as L; in the sagittal direction, the multiple crystal bending elements are arranged along a circular arc with the object point 1-3 as the center, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent crystal bending elements is denoted as m= aL / ( a+b ) the object point 1-3 of the framing camera 3.

[0044] A multi-channel spatially resolved crystal bending spectrometer obtained by using the off-line adjustment method described above comprises, in sequence along the optical path direction, a visible light laser source 6, an object point 1-3, a multi-channel crystal bending device 5, a framing camera 3, a vacuum pipeline sleeved on the optical path between the object point 1-3 and the framing camera 3, an object point moving device 4 in transmission connection with the object point 1-3, an overall attitude adjustment assembly in transmission connection with the multi-channel crystal bending device 5, and a multi-optical-path sighting lens arranged on the overall attitude adjustment assembly.

[0045] In use, after the X-ray radiation of the same plasma target is dispersed and focused by the multi-channel crystal bending device 5, the formed X-ray energy spectrum is arranged at a specific spatial interval at the image plane position, and is received by the multiple microchannels of the framing camera 3 placed at the image plane position at multiple different transient moments, thereby realizing the coupling of the multi-channel spatially resolved crystal bending spectrometer and the framing camera, giving the crystal bending spectrometer a multi-channel optical structure with spatial and spectral resolution, and obtaining a solution for the time resolution, thereby facilitating the diagnosis of the transient and evolution process of the plasma.

[0046] The multi-channel crystal bending device 5 is composed of multiple crystal bending elements of the same material and crystal orientation, or different materials and crystal orientations, and the crystal bending elements are arranged at the same spatial interval, so that the dispersed and focused X-ray energy spectrum of each channel matches the interval of the microchannels of the framing camera 3.

[0047] In some preferred embodiments, the bender element adopts a spherical, toroidal or aspherical shape.

[0048] In some preferred embodiments, the positioning point moving device 4 comprises a linear guide rail, through which a detachable hard connection with high repeatability positioning accuracy is achieved (the detachable hard connection with high repeatability positioning accuracy refers to a linear guide rail with a steel ball that can be slid).

[0049] In some preferred embodiments, the overall attitude adjustment assembly comprises a longitudinal moving guide rail 2-2, a sliding block arranged on the longitudinal moving guide rail 2-2, and a transverse moving guide rail and a transverse moving base 2-1 arranged on the sliding block, and the multi-channel bender device 5 and the multi-path collimating lens are arranged on the transverse moving guide rail and the transverse moving base 2-1.

[0050] In some preferred embodiments, the multi-path collimating lens adopts a double-path collimating lens, which comprises a visible light CCD monitoring lens arranged on both sides of the multi-channel bender device 5.

[0051] In some preferred embodiments, the positioning point 1-3 is a metal positioning ball with a diameter of φ=500 μm.

[0052] In some preferred embodiments, the visible light laser source 6 is a round dot laser.

[0053] In some preferred embodiments, the vacuum pipeline comprises an air extraction interface, a filter support and a corrugated pipe.

[0054] In the offline assembly, the detachable simulation positioning ball is used as a point, and the visible light laser is irradiated on the positioning ball to simulate the plasma X-ray radiation source; then the reflected light (simulated X-ray radiation) of the visible light laser is dispersed and focused by the multi-channel bender device, and an X-ray energy spectrum arranged along a specific spatial interval is formed at the image plane position, and the X-ray energy spectrum is received by the multiple microstrips of the framing camera 3 at different time instants, and the offline assembly is completed.

[0055] On this basis, the spatial coordinate positions of the detachable simulation positioning ball at two observation angles are defined through the double-path visible light CCD monitoring lens, and then the detachable simulation positioning ball is removed.

[0056] Finally, after the online installation of the spectrometer is completed, during the online installation process, the center of the target to be diagnosed, i.e. the plasma X-ray radiation source, is made to coincide with the spatial coordinate positions at the two observation angles through the overall attitude adjustment assembly under the indication of the double-path visible light CCD monitoring lens, i.e. the coupling of the target to be diagnosed and the ideal measurement position is completed, so that the online debugging is completed.

[0057] The embodiment is implemented on the basis of the technical scheme of the application, and gives detailed implementation modes and specific operation processes, but the protection scope of the application is not limited to the following examples.

[0058] Embodiment:

[0059] The content of the application is further illustrated by taking a four-channel mica curved crystal spectrometer for time framing diagnosis of laser plasma X-ray radiation spectrum as an example. The curved crystal spectrometer is used for dynamic diagnosis of laser plasma X-ray spectrum and realizes a spatial resolution of 50-60 μm. Since the <002> direction mica crystal has high reflection efficiency, four <002> direction mica crystals with the same curvature radius are arranged at equal intervals to form a multi-channel device, so as to realize coverage of Al target K α and K β characteristic spectrum. The optical path diagram is shown in Figure 2 . After the X-rays radiated by the target are independently dispersed and focused by the four curved crystals, four groups of dispersed X-ray spectra are formed at the image plane positions, and are finally received by the four different microbands of the framing camera at four different transient time points (t1-t4).

[0060] The optical path diagrams in the sagittal direction and the meridional direction are shown in Figure 3 (a) and (b). The four microbands of the mica curved crystal and the framing camera are distributed on the circumference of a point light source. The spacing between the centers of the four curved crystals in the sagittal direction is m , the spacing between the microbands of the framing camera is L , which is determined by the internal structure of the framing camera, w is the crystal width (fixed specification of the product), the distance from the source point to the intersection point of the loran circle is p , the distance from the intersection point of the loran circle to the center of the image plane is q , and the included angle between the detection surface and the central light is γ .

[0061] In order to improve the X-ray signal intensity recorded by the microbands of the framing camera, the optical structure of the curved crystal is designed in a focusing form, that is, it conforms to the focusing formula 1 / a +1 / b =2 sin θ / R in the meridional direction, where a is the distance from the laser plasma X-ray radiation source to the center of the curved crystal, b is the distance from the center of the curved crystal to the image plane, θ is the Bragg diffraction angle at the center position of the curved crystal, R is the curvature radius of the curved crystal M s is the magnification in the sagittal direction, where Ms = b / a . The example realizes coverage of Al target K αand K β Coverage of characteristic lines, crystal length l was set to be 50 mm, and the center response energy was set to be about 1514.3 eV, which corresponds to the diffraction angle θ of about 54.9° (2Θ) θ is according to the Bragg equation nλ = 2d sin θ , where the interplanar spacing of Mica<002> is 2d = 1.984 nm), considering the limited chamber diameter and the installation space of the spectrometer, the relevant parameters of the spectrometer are set as shown in Table 1.

[0062] Table 1. Relevant geometric-optical parameters of the spectrometer

[0063]

[0064] The interval of the centers of the four bending crystals in the meridional direction can be obtained as m = aL / ( a+b ) = 11.12 mm, and the crystal width w is related to the interval of the microbands of the framing camera and the magnification of the system. If L is smaller, the maximum width of the bending crystal element is shorter. From the perspective of magnification, the greater the magnification, the narrower the width of the original element that can be selected, and the smaller the magnification, the wider the bending crystal element that can be selected. According to the simple geometric projection relationship, when the magnification M = 2, the width of the bending crystal element that can be selected is only half of the interval of the microbands, and when M = 0.5, the width of the element that can be selected is 2 / 3 of the interval of the microbands. When the magnification is between 0.3 and 0.5, we consider the size of the laser plasma chamber and the space requirement for the installation of the framing camera, and the magnification we selected is 0.618, and the crystal width w = 8 mm. At the same time, the surface of the microbands of the framing camera in this example is perpendicular to the chief ray (i.e. γ = 90°), and the linear dispersion rate in the meridional direction is uniform (as shown in Figure 4 ), and the fitted linear dispersion rate d E / d x is about 3.16 eV / mm. The worst spatial resolution defined by the blur point radius (RMS) of the designed spectrometer occurs at both ends of the spectrum, which is about 50 μm, close to the result simulated using the ZEMAX software (~60 μm).

[0065] The spatial deviation of the X-ray source will change the spectral position and the measurable energy range. In order to realize high-precision aiming of the X-ray source and stable mechanical support, the embodiment provides a special mechanism design with a double aiming unit.

[0066] The following will be described in combination with Figure 1 , 5The assembly content is described, the dual optical path sighting lens, i.e. the dual path visible light CCD monitoring lens and the multi-channel bend crystal device 5 are located on the overall attitude adjustment assembly, the overall attitude of which can be adjusted through the overall attitude adjustment assembly (including a high-precision longitudinal moving guide rail and a sliding block, wherein the bend crystal substrate is connected with the guide rail in transmission, and the analog ball tail is connected with the sliding block, and the high-precision repeated positioning is such that the precision can still reach 10-20 μm when disassembled, and a horizontal moving base is further arranged below the spectrometer, which can move the target point in the horizontal direction through the extension or compression of the bellows). The dual sighting device includes a detachable analog positioning ball 1-3, i.e. a metal positioning ball with a diameter of φ=500 μm (there is a small ball with a diameter of 500 μm in front of this hardware, which needs to be installed on the spectrometer before each experiment, and the hardware is shown in the attached Figure 5 ) and a dual path visible light CCD monitoring lens, and the bend crystal element of the multi-channel bend crystal device 5 can adopt a <002> direction mica crystal, and the linear guide rail is an MGN15P type linear guide rail produced by HIWIN company. The specific working process is as follows:

[0067] S1: irradiate the detachable analog positioning ball with a visible light laser source 6 to simulate a plasma X-ray radiation source, and use the detachable analog positioning ball as a positioning point 1-3, and perform high-precision repeated positioning and detachable hard connection (high-precision repeated positioning and detachable hard connection refers to a linear guide rail with a steel ball that can slide) between the linear guide rail and the multi-channel bend crystal device 5;

[0068] S2: arrange the laser reflection light formed by each bend crystal element of the multi-channel bend crystal device 5 at a specific spatial interval on the image plane through the corresponding adjusting tool;

[0069] S3: record the spatial coordinate positions of the detachable analog positioning ball recorded by the two groups of CCD monitoring of the visible light dual path CCD lens, and then remove the detachable analog positioning ball;

[0070] S4: after completing the online installation of the spectrometer, adjust the center of the target to be diagnosed to coincide with the spatial coordinate positions of the detachable analog positioning ball recorded by the two groups of CCD before monitoring through the overall attitude adjustment assembly; after completing other conventional assembly steps, the online experiment can be carried out:

[0071] The offline calibration is carried out in an ultra-high vacuum environment with a vacuum degree of 6×10 −4 Pa or above, an Al X-ray tube (model 642, McPherson) is used to generate a light spot with a diameter of about 1.0 mm, and a large imaging plate (IP, FUJIFilm, BAS1025) is used to record the results after exposure for 10 minutes, as shown in Figure 6 (a), the obtained Al target K α characteristic line has high intensity, but the Kβ The characteristic line has a low signal-to-noise ratio and is difficult to identify. In the online experiment, a 1064 nm laser with a launch diameter of about 200 μm (1 w , 400 mJ, 10 ns) was used. The framing camera was set to dynamic mode, and the recorded spectra along the time of laser-Al interaction are shown in Fig. 6(b). Due to the ionization of the K shell, accompanied by electron holes in the n = 2 or 3 shell, the laser-induced plasma source exhibits a series of K α and K β characteristic lines. Therefore, Fig. 6(b) shows more abundant spectral information than Fig. 6(a). α

[0072] The present application is based on the high-energy density physics, which is a widely concerned field, and introduces in detail the important role of the curved crystal spectrometer in plasma diagnosis. The structure of the spatially resolved multi-channel curved crystal spectrometer to be developed by the present application is described. The basic parameters and structure of the crystal spectrometer developed by the present application are described, and the optical design and mechanical design are described, which provides important data and reference for the development of similar equipment.

[0073] The above description of the embodiments is for the purpose of enabling and using the present application by those of ordinary skill in the art. Those skilled in the art can obviously make various modifications to the embodiments, and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative labor. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and the improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application should be within the protection scope of the present application.​

Claims

1. A method of aligning a multi-channel spatially resolved crystal spectrometer, comprising: The positioning process of the plasma X-ray radiation source comprises the following steps: S1: taking the positioning object point (1-3) irradiated by the visible laser as a simulation plasma X-ray radiation source, adjusting the multi-channel bend crystal device (5) to the visible laser reflection light path, and adjusting the framing camera (3) to the image plane position of the multi-channel bend crystal device (5); S2: determining the relative position of the positioning object point (1-3) with respect to the multi-channel bend crystal device (5) through the multi-light-path collimating lens, wherein the multi-light-path collimating lens is fixedly arranged relative to the multi-channel bend crystal device (5); S3: replacing the positioning object point (1-3) with the plasma X-ray radiation source according to the position of the positioning object point (1-3) determined by the multi-light-path collimating lens, and completing the positioning of the plasma X-ray radiation source; The multi-channel bend crystal device (5) comprises a plurality of bend crystal elements arranged side by side; In step S1, when the structure of the bent crystal element is in a focusing form, in the meridian direction, the relative position relationship of the object point (1-3), the multi-channel bent crystal device (5), and the framing camera (3) conforms to the focusing formula 1 a +1 / b =2 sin θ / R , wherein a is the distance from the object point (1-3) to the center of the bent crystal element, b is the distance from the center of the bent crystal element to the image plane position, θ is the Bragg diffraction angle of the center position of the bent crystal element, R is the radius of curvature of the bent crystal element; In step S1, a plurality of imaging microstrips in the framing camera (3) are arranged along a circular arc with the positioning object point (1-3) as the center, and the center distance between adjacent imaging microstrips is denoted as L; In the sagittal direction, the plurality of bent crystal elements are arranged along a circular arc with the object point (1-3) as the center, and the center distance m between adjacent bent crystal elements is aL a+b ).​ 2. A multichannel spatially resolved crystal spectrometer obtained by using the alignment method according to claim 1, characterized in that The positioning process of the plasma X-ray radiation source comprises the following steps:

3. A multichannel spatially resolved crystal spectrometer according to claim 2, characterised in that, The multi-channel bend crystal device (5) comprises a plurality of bend crystal elements arranged side by side, and the bend crystal elements adopt spherical, toroidal or aspherical shapes.

4. A multichannel spatially resolved crystal spectrometer according to claim 2, characterised in that, The positioning object point moving device (4) comprises a linear guide rail.

5. A multichannel spatially resolved crystal spectrometer according to claim 2, wherein, The integral attitude adjustment assembly comprises a longitudinal displacement guide rail (2-2), a sliding block arranged on the longitudinal displacement guide rail (2-2), and a transverse displacement guide rail and a transverse displacement base (2-1) arranged on the sliding block, and the multi-channel bend crystal device (5) and the multi-light-path collimating lens are arranged on the transverse displacement guide rail and the transverse displacement base (2-1).

6. A multichannel spatially resolved crystal spectrometer according to claim 2, characterised in that, The multi-light-path collimating lens comprises a visible light CCD monitoring lens arranged side by side on both sides of the multi-channel bend crystal device (5).

7. A multichannel spatially resolved crystal spectrometer according to claim 2, wherein, The positioning object point (1-3) is a metal positioning ball with a diameter of φ=500μm.

Images