Electric control folding two-channel crystal spectrometer

Abstract

The invention, which belongs to the optical instrument field, discloses an electrically-controlled folding dual-channel crystal spectrometer comprising a central supporting rod, a vacuum flange interface, a vacuum rotary filter disc device, an electrically-controlled folding driving mechanism, a first crystal module, a second crystal module, a signal detection device and a control system. The electric control folding driving mechanism can drive the crystal module to be switched between a working state and a folding storage state in a vacuum environment; the spectrometer can be mounted through a smaller flange opening in a folded state; after being unfolded, the bicrystal module can diffract and focus X-ray signals of different energy bands at the same time; the vacuum rotary filter disc device can switch multiple groups of filter discs made of different materials under vacuum in an electric control manner, and has the functions of preventing fragments from damaging crystals and pre-filtering spectrums; remote accurate control, compact layout and dual-channel synchronous diagnosis in a vacuum environment are realized, and an efficient X-ray spectrum diagnosis means is provided for experiments of temperature-dense substances, laser plasmas and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical instruments, and more particularly to an electrically controlled folding dual-channel crystal spectrometer. Background Technology

[0002] Crystal spectrometers are key equipment for diagnosing X-ray spectra in fields such as laser fusion and high-energy-density physics, used to obtain important parameters such as electron temperature and density of plasma. Traditional crystal spectrometers are mostly rigid integral structures with obvious defects: (1) They cannot be remotely electrically adjusted in the vacuum environment required for the experiment, and manual adjustment is required by breaking the vacuum, which is inefficient; (2) Their size must be smaller than the vacuum flange interface to be installed in the target chamber, which limits the crystal size and optical design, affecting the detection efficiency and energy range; (3) The single-channel design can only obtain spectral information of one energy band in one experiment, which is difficult to meet the needs of multi-parameter synchronous diagnosis.

[0003] The difficulty in integrating a crystal spectrometer into an experimental setup lies in the following: (1) Since the signal detection device usually needs to be installed in a non-vacuum environment, the crystal often needs a large Rowland circle radius, which contradicts the limited size of the vacuum interface; (2) In order to optimize the detection performance of different energy bands, crystals with different interplanar spacings (such as LiF and PET) are often required, and traditional structures are difficult to achieve a dual-channel layout in a limited space; (3) In a vacuum environment, the selection and design of mechanical adjustment mechanisms face multiple challenges such as vacuum compatibility, reliability, and accuracy; (4) During the experiment, it is impossible to visualize the internal state of the spectrometer in real time and verify the alignment.

[0004] In physics experiments, installing, aiming, and adjusting crystal spectrometers is time-consuming, and any deviation after vacuum sealing necessitates readjustment after vacuum breaking, resulting in high experimental costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a vacuum online spectrometer that integrates electric adjustment, a folding structure, and dual-channel diagnostic capabilities to improve experimental efficiency and success rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electrically controlled folding dual-channel crystal spectrometer, which solves the problems of existing crystal spectrometers that cannot be electrically controlled and adjusted in a vacuum environment, have strict requirements on the size of the vacuum flange interface, and cannot simultaneously diagnose dual-energy X-ray signals.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention discloses an electrically controlled folding dual-channel crystal spectrometer, comprising a central support rod, a vacuum flange interface at one end of the central support rod, a vacuum rotating filter device at the other end of the central support rod, an electrically controlled folding drive mechanism on the central support rod, and a first crystal module and a second crystal module mounted on the electrically controlled folding drive mechanism. The electrically controlled folding drive mechanism drives the first crystal module and the second crystal module to rotate around an axis, switching from an unfolded working state to a folded and stowed state close to the central support rod. A signal detection device is provided on the side of the vacuum flange interface away from the central support rod. The invention also includes a control system, and the vacuum rotating filter device, the electrically controlled folding drive mechanism, the first crystal module, and the second crystal module are all electrically connected to the control system.

[0008] Furthermore, the vacuum rotating filter device includes a small vacuum rotating stage, which is mounted on the central support rod. The output end of the small vacuum rotating stage is provided with a rotating filter disk. The central support rod passes through the hollow hole of the vacuum rotating stage and is connected to the protective disk. The rotating filter disk is provided with a plurality of filter mounting holes, which are evenly distributed circumferentially. Filters are installed in the filter mounting holes. The protective disk is provided with two holes for the X-ray light paths of the corresponding dual channels to pass through.

[0009] Furthermore, a tungsten shielding tube is provided on the side of the vacuum flange interface near the central support rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the electrically controlled folding drive mechanism employs a vacuum-compatible electric rotary table.

[0011] Furthermore, the signal detection device includes a slide gate valve, an indicator laser, and an IP cavity. The slide gate valve is located on the side of the vacuum flange interface away from the central support rod, and the IP cavity is located on the other side of the slide gate valve. The indicator laser is located on the other side of the IP cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the first crystal module and the second crystal module have the same structure. The first crystal module includes a crystal box and a two-dimensional electronically controlled precision frame. The two-dimensional electronically controlled precision frame is mounted on the electronically controlled folding drive mechanism. The crystal box is mounted on the two-dimensional electronically controlled precision frame. The bottom of the crystal box is provided with a crystal slot for placing the crystal.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] This invention addresses the problems of existing crystal spectrometers, such as the inability to be electrically controlled and adjusted in a vacuum environment, stringent requirements on the size of the vacuum flange interface, and the inability to simultaneously diagnose dual-energy-band X-ray signals. It discloses an electrically controlled folding dual-channel crystal spectrometer. The electrically controlled folding drive mechanism can switch the crystal module between working and folded storage states in a vacuum environment. In the folded state, its vertical axial projection is smaller than the vacuum flange interface profile, allowing the spectrometer to be installed through a smaller flange opening. When unfolded, the dual crystal modules can simultaneously diffract and focus X-ray signals from different energy bands. A vacuum rotating filter device is installed at the front end of the spectrometer and can electrically switch between multiple sets of filters of different materials under vacuum, serving both to prevent fragment damage to the crystal and to pre-filter the spectrum. This invention achieves remote and precise control in a vacuum environment, a compact layout, and simultaneous dual-channel diagnosis, providing an efficient X-ray spectroscopic diagnostic method for experiments involving warm and dense materials and laser plasma. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrically controlled folding dual-channel crystal spectrometer of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded state of the electrically controlled folding dual-channel crystal spectrometer of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the small vacuum rotary table of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating filter disc of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the protective disk of this invention (all scaled non-proportional).

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional electrically controlled precision mirror frame of the electronically folded dual-channel crystal spectrometer crystal module of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 The original image of the Heα line spectrum of Cu acquired simultaneously through two channels;

[0023] Figure 8 This shows the correspondence between the processed and extracted dual-band spectral intensity curves and the spatial positions of the X-ray energy-spectroscopy image acquisition.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. First crystal module; 101. Crystal box; 102. Two-dimensional electrically controlled precision mirror frame; 2. Second crystal module; 3. Electrically controlled folding drive mechanism; 4. Vacuum flange interface; 5. Vacuum rotating filter device; 501. Small vacuum rotating stage; 502. Rotating filter disk; 503. Protective disk; 6. Signal detection device; 601. Insertion valve; 602. Indicating laser; 603. IP cavity; 7. Central support rod; 8. Tungsten screen tube; 9. X-ray optical path; A. Detection target point. Detailed Implementation

[0025] like Figure 1-8 As shown, an electrically controlled folding dual-channel crystal spectrometer includes a central support rod 7. One end of the central support rod 7 is connected to a vacuum flange interface 4, and the other end of the central support rod 7 is equipped with a vacuum rotating filter device 5. An electrically controlled folding drive mechanism 3 is mounted on the central support rod 7, and a first crystal module 1 and a second crystal module 2 are mounted on the electrically controlled folding drive mechanism 3. The electrically controlled folding drive mechanism 3 drives the first crystal module 1 and the second crystal module 2 to rotate around an axis, switching from an unfolded working state to a folded storage state that is close to the central support rod 7. In the folded state, its vertical axial projection is smaller than the contour of the vacuum flange interface 4, allowing the spectrometer to be installed through a smaller flange opening. After unfolding, the dual crystal modules can simultaneously diffract and focus X-ray signals of different energy bands. A signal detection device 6 is mounted on the side of the vacuum flange interface 4 away from the central support rod 7. The spectrometer also includes a control system, and the vacuum rotating filter device 5, the electrically controlled folding drive mechanism 3, the first crystal module 1, and the second crystal module 2 are all electrically connected to the control system.

[0026] The vacuum rotating filter device 5 includes a small vacuum rotating stage 501, which is mounted on the central support rod 7. A rotating filter disk 502 is installed at the output end of the small vacuum rotating stage 501. The central support rod 7 passes through the hollow hole of the vacuum rotating stage 501 and is connected to a protective disk 503. The protective disk 503 is closer to the detection target A than the rotating filter disk 502. The rotating filter disk 502 has 16 filter mounting holes, which are evenly distributed in a circle. Eight different materials or thicknesses of filter can be loaded in the mounting holes by adhesive or film clamping. The protective disk 503 has two holes for the corresponding dual-channel X-ray optical path 9 to pass through. The motor of the vacuum rotary stage 501 drives the hollow cylindrical turntable to rotate, which is connected to the rotating filter disc 502 through four of the six M1 screw holes on the periphery, realizing the rotational replacement of filter discs. The small vacuum rotary stage 501 can be remotely driven by the control system to rotate any set of filter discs to align with the two holes of the protective disc 503, placing the filter discs in the optical path, thus achieving filter replacement without disrupting the vacuum. The hollow opening of the vacuum rotary stage 501 allows the head connector of the central support rod 7 to pass through, and it is connected to the protective disc 503 through four M1 screws. The protective disc 503 is a circular coated stainless steel sheet, directly connected to the central support rod 7, and does not rotate with the small vacuum rotary stage 501. Two holes are opened around the protective disc 503, allowing the X-ray optical path 9 corresponding to the dual channels to pass through; the remaining area can block splash debris generated during the experiment, protecting the remaining filter discs from damage. By selecting filter discs of different materials, the incident X-ray spectrum can be pre-filtered to suppress interference signals in specific energy bands.

[0027] A tungsten shielding tube 8 is installed on the side of the vacuum flange interface 4 near the central support rod 7. The tungsten shielding tube 8 only allows light from the direction of crystal reflection to enter the signal detection device 6, while shielding stray light from other directions entering the signal detection device 6.

[0028] The electrically controlled folding drive mechanism 3 adopts a vacuum-compatible electric rotary table.

[0029] The signal detection device 6 includes a slide gate valve 601, an indicator laser 602, and an IP cavity 603. The slide gate valve 601 is installed on the side of the vacuum flange interface 4 away from the central support rod 7. The other side of the slide gate valve 601 is connected to the IP cavity 603, and the indicator laser 602 is located on the other side of the IP cavity 603. The slide gate valve 601 is used to isolate the IP cavity 603 from the target chamber under vacuum. When it is necessary to load or unload an IP, the slide gate valve 601 is closed, and then the vent valve on the IP cavity 603 is opened to allow it to communicate with the atmosphere without breaking the vacuum of the entire target chamber. After the IP loading or unloading operation is completed, the inside of the IP cavity 603 is evacuated to a vacuum state through the bypass evacuation system connected to the IP cavity 603, and then the slide gate valve 601 is opened to connect the diagnostic device to the target chamber. The IP cavity 603 has IP slots on both sides, which can hold two IPs, corresponding to the X-ray signal acquisition of two channels. During the installation and debugging of the diagnostic device, the IP slot can be removed from the IP cavity 603. At this time, the principle of optical path reversibility can be used to aim the indicator laser 602 (the aiming principle of the upper and lower channels is the same): First, adjust the two-dimensional direction of the indicator laser so that the indicator laser spot falls on the center of the crystal module 1 / 2. Then, adjust the two-dimensional pitch and yaw angles of the crystal module 1 / 2 so that the indicator laser points to the target point A.

[0030] The first crystal module 1 and the second crystal module 2 have the same structure. The first crystal module 1 includes a crystal box 101 and a two-dimensional electrically controlled precision lens frame 102. The two-dimensional electrically controlled precision lens frame 102 is mounted on the electrically controlled folding drive mechanism 3. The crystal box 101 is mounted on the two-dimensional electrically controlled precision lens frame 102. The crystal box 101 is a cuboid, and its bottom is provided with a cuboid crystal slot for placing crystals. Different types of crystals, such as flat crystals and HOPG bent crystals, can be placed according to the actual needs of the experiment. The crystal box 101 is fixed in a cuboid crystal slot by a pressure plate with a graduated scale. The sides of the long side of the crystal box 101 are protected by coated stainless steel sheets, leaving only two bottom surfaces for X-ray light to pass through. The two-dimensional electrically controlled precision mirror frame 102 is connected to the crystal box 101 by two stepper motors and two springs. The two stepper motors are located diagonally, which can realize micron-level precision adjustment of the pitch and yaw attitude of the crystal to ensure that the crystal is accurately located on the Rowland circle and meets the Bragg diffraction conditions.

[0031] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0032] The entire spectrometer can be installed in the target chamber via a vacuum flange interface 4. After evacuation, the first crystal module 1 and the second crystal module 2 can be remotely controlled to precisely deploy to the preset position, and the small vacuum rotary stage 501 can be controlled to select the required filter group. The X-rays generated by the target first pass through the filter, and then are diffracted by the two crystals respectively. They are then synchronously recorded by the corresponding signal detection device (such as IP recording board), thereby acquiring the spectral information of two energy bands at one time.

[0033] like Figure 2 The diagram shows the path of the X-ray beam 9 generated by the target A.

[0034] In addition to its core diffraction diagnostic function, this system uses an external electronic control device to record in real time the motor step count or angle status of the electronically controlled folding drive mechanism 3, the first crystal module 1, the second crystal module 2, and the vacuum rotating filter device 5. Simultaneously, a glass window is provided on the vacuum flange interface 4, allowing an external monitoring camera to be mounted to obtain real-time images of the first crystal module 1, the second crystal module 2, and the vacuum rotating filter device 5 within the target chamber. These integrated functions provide a digital basis for pre-experimental status verification.

[0035] To verify the overall performance of the device of the present invention, the inventors conducted systematic testing.

[0036] First, the dual-channel synchronous diagnostic function was verified through a simultaneous exposure experiment of two channels under the same laser pulse event. The reflected signals of the first crystal module 1 and the second crystal module 2 in the device were recorded by two imaging plates (IPs) respectively. Both were simultaneously irradiated by X-rays under the same experimental conditions, and the recorded spectra showed good consistency in energy spectrum and intensity, proving that the two channels can achieve synchronous acquisition of the same physical event.

[0037] Secondly, the small vacuum rotary table 501 was remotely controlled to continuously switch filter groups under vacuum conditions. The system maintained a stable vacuum level and operated smoothly and reliably during more than 100 switching cycles, verifying the effectiveness and durability of the vacuum filter switching device.

[0038] Next, the attitudes of the first and second crystal modules were remotely adjusted by driving a vacuum-compatible electric rotary stage through a control system. The changes in the peak positions of the spectra before and after adjustment with the angle were obvious and reproducible, indicating that the crystal attitude adjustment was accurate and controllable.

[0039] Comprehensive test results show that the electrically controlled folded dual-channel crystal spectrometer of this invention can simultaneously acquire spectral data from two energy bands in a single experiment, and the vacuum filter switching and remote crystal attitude adjustment are both stable and reliable. Compared with traditional single-channel or manually adjustable spectrometers, this system significantly reduces experimental preparation time, increases data acquisition efficiency, and effectively improves the overall reliability and maintainability of the device.

[0040] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrically controlled folded double channel crystal spectrometer, characterized by: The center support rod (7) is provided with a vacuum flange interface (4) at one end and a vacuum rotary filter device (5) at the other end, and is provided with an electric control folding driving mechanism (3), a first crystal module (1) and a second crystal module (2) on the electric control folding driving mechanism (3), the electric control folding driving mechanism (3) drives the first crystal module (1) and the second crystal module (2) to rotate around the shaft, and switches from the unfolded working state to the folded storage state close to the center support rod (7); the vacuum flange interface (4) is provided with a signal detection device (6) on the side away from the center support rod (7); the vacuum rotary filter device (5), the electric control folding driving mechanism (3), the first crystal module (1) and the second crystal module (2) are electrically connected with the control system.

2. The electrically controlled folded double channel crystal spectrometer of claim 1, wherein: The vacuum rotary filter device (5) comprises a small vacuum rotary table (501) provided on the center support rod (7), a rotary filter disc (502) is mounted on the output end of the small vacuum rotary table (501), the center support rod (7) is connected with a protection disc (503) after penetrating through the hollow hole of the vacuum rotary table (501), a plurality of filter mounting holes are arranged on the rotary filter disc (502) and are circumferentially distributed, a filter is mounted in the filter mounting hole, and two hole positions are arranged on the protection disc (503) to allow the corresponding double-channel X-ray light path (9) to pass through.

3. The electrically controlled folded double channel crystal spectrometer of claim 1, wherein: The vacuum flange interface (4) is provided with a tungsten shielding tube (8) on the side close to the center support rod (7).

4. The electrically controlled folded double channel crystal spectrometer of claim 1, wherein: The electric control folding driving mechanism (3) adopts a vacuum compatible electric rotary table.

5. The electrically controlled folded double channel crystal spectrometer of claim 1, wherein: The signal detection device (6) comprises a plug valve (601), an indicating laser (602) and an IP cavity (603), the plug valve (601) is arranged on the side of the vacuum flange interface (4) away from the center support rod (7), the other side of the plug valve (601) is provided with the IP cavity (603), and the other side of the IP cavity (603) is provided with the indicating laser (602).

6. The electrically controlled folded double channel crystal spectrometer of claim 1, wherein: The first crystal module (1) and the second crystal module (2) are the same in structure, the first crystal module (1) comprises a crystal box (101) and a two-dimensional electric control precision mirror frame (102), the two-dimensional electric control precision mirror frame (102) is arranged on the electric control folding driving mechanism (3), the crystal box (101) is arranged on the two-dimensional electric control precision mirror frame (102), and a crystal groove for placing a crystal is arranged at the bottom of the crystal box (101).

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