Weather sensing method and apparatus, communication device, and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a weather sensing method and device, a communication device and a storage medium, and belongs to the field of communication technology. The weather sensing method of the application comprises the following steps: in the case that a first condition is met, a first communication device performs weather sensing, and obtains sensing measurement data or a sensing result; the first communication device reports the sensing measurement data or the sensing result to a second communication device; wherein the first condition comprises at least one of the following: receiving sensing demand information from the second communication device, wherein the sensing demand information is used for requesting to perform weather sensing; and a sensing period time arrives.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to a weather sensing method, device, communication equipment, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Weather radar offers advantages such as high temporal and spatial resolution, and the ability to detect the distribution of meteorological targets. However, weather radar is costly to deploy, and due to its long scanning cycle, high transmission power, short continuous operating time, and need for cooling time, it cannot meet users' needs for real-time (minute-level) weather information. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a weather sensing method, device, communication equipment, and storage medium in an integrated communication and sensing scenario, which can solve the problem that users cannot know the weather conditions of a specified area in real time.

[0004] In a first aspect, a weather sensing method is provided, applied to a first communication device, the method comprising:

[0005] Under the condition that the first condition is met, the first communication device performs weather sensing and obtains sensing measurement data or sensing results.

[0006] The first communication device reports the sensing measurement data or sensing results to the second communication device;

[0007] The first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0008] The device receives sensing request information from the second communication device, the sensing request information being used to request weather sensing.

[0009] The perception cycle time has arrived.

[0010] Secondly, a weather sensing method is provided, applied to a second communication device, including:

[0011] The second communication device receives sensing request information sent by the third communication device, wherein the sensing request information is used to request weather sensing.

[0012] The second communication device determines at least one first communication device for performing weather sensing based on the sensing requirement information;

[0013] The second communication device forwards the perceived demand information to the first communication device;

[0014] The second communication device receives the sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device;

[0015] or,

[0016] The second communication device periodically receives sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device.

[0017] Thirdly, a weather sensing method is provided, applied to a third communication device, including:

[0018] The third communication device receives the user's first input to the first application;

[0019] In response to the first input, the third communication device sends sensing demand information to the second communication device through the server connected to the first application;

[0020] The sensing demand information is used to request weather sensing.

[0021] Fourthly, a weather sensing device is provided, the device comprising:

[0022] The weather sensing module is used to perform weather sensing and obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results when the first condition is met.

[0023] The first transmitting module is used to report the sensing measurement data or sensing results to the second communication device;

[0024] The first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0025] The device receives sensing request information from the second communication device, the sensing request information being used to request weather sensing.

[0026] The perception cycle time has arrived.

[0027] Fifthly, a weather sensing device is provided, the device comprising:

[0028] The first receiving module is used to receive sensing demand information sent by the third communication device, wherein the sensing demand information is used to request weather sensing.

[0029] The selection module is used to determine at least one first communication device for performing weather sensing based on the sensing requirement information.

[0030] The second sending module is used to forward the perceived demand information to the first communication device;

[0031] The second receiving module is used to receive the sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device.

[0032] or,

[0033] The third receiving module is used to periodically receive sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device.

[0034] Sixthly, a weather sensing device is provided, the device comprising:

[0035] The fourth receiving module is used to receive the user's first input to the first application;

[0036] The first processing module is used to respond to the first input and send the sensing demand information to the second communication device through the server connected to the first application;

[0037] The sensing demand information is used to request weather sensing.

[0038] In a seventh aspect, a first communication device is provided, the terminal including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the weather sensing method as described in the first aspect.

[0039] Eighthly, a first communication device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used to perform weather sensing and obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results when a first condition is met; the communication interface is used to report the sensing measurement data or sensing results to a second communication device; wherein the first condition includes at least one of the following: receiving sensing request information from the second communication device, the sensing request information being used to request weather sensing; and the sensing cycle time being reached.

[0040] In a ninth aspect, a second communication device is provided, the second communication device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the weather sensing method as described in the second aspect.

[0041] In a tenth aspect, a second communication device is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is configured to receive sensing request information sent by a third communication device, wherein the sensing request information is used to request weather sensing; the processor is configured to determine at least one first communication device for performing weather sensing based on the sensing request information; the communication interface is further configured to forward the sensing request information to the first communication device; the communication interface is further configured to receive sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device; or, the communication interface is configured to periodically receive sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device.

[0042] In an eleventh aspect, a third communication device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the weather sensing method as described in the third aspect.

[0043] In a twelfth aspect, a third communication device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is configured to receive a first input from a user to a first application, and in response to the first input, send sensing demand information to a second communication device through a server connected to the first application.

[0044] In a thirteenth aspect, a weather sensing system is provided, comprising: a first communication device, a second communication device, and a third communication device, wherein the first communication device is configured to perform the steps of the weather sensing method as described in the first aspect, the second communication device is configured to perform the steps of the weather sensing method as described in the second aspect, and the third communication device is configured to perform the steps of the weather sensing method as described in the third aspect.

[0045] In a fourteenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or the steps of the method described in the second aspect, or the steps of the method described in the third aspect.

[0046] In a fifteenth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to run a program or instructions to implement the method as described in the first aspect, or the method as described in the second aspect, or the method as described in the third aspect.

[0047] In a sixteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the weather sensing method as described in the first aspect, or the steps of the weather sensing method as described in the second aspect, or the steps of the weather sensing method as described in the third aspect.

[0048] In this embodiment of the application, the first communication device performs weather sensing according to user needs or periodically, and obtains sensing measurement data or sensing results, thereby realizing weather condition detection based on the self-transmission and self-reception of the communication device, and meeting the user's need to understand the weather conditions of a specified area in real time. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 2 Schematic diagrams of monostatic and bistatic radars;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a radar echo scattering model provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 4 One of the flowcharts of the weather sensing method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating rainfall detection initiated by a third-party application, as provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating the periodic monitoring of rainfall by a first communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating data preprocessing of the results of feature analysis of the threshold distance resolution unit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0056] Figure 8 A second schematic flowchart illustrating the weather sensing method provided in this application embodiment;

[0057] Figure 9 The third schematic flowchart of the weather sensing method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 10 Fourth flowchart illustrating the weather sensing method provided in this application embodiment;

[0059] Figure 11 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the weather sensing device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0060] Figure 12 A second schematic diagram of the structure of the weather sensing device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0061] Figure 13 This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the weather sensing device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 14 Fourth schematic diagram of the structure of the weather sensing device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0063] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal to implement an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 17One of the hardware structure diagrams for implementing a network-side device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 18 A second schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a network-side device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0067] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0068] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0069] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used with the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as with other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to applications beyond NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) radio systems. th Generation 6G communication system.

[0070] Figure 1This diagram illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. Terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, vehicle-mounted device (VUE), pedestrian terminal (PUE), smart home (home devices with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), game console, personal computer (PC), ATM, or self-service machine, etc. Wearable devices include: smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart chains, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal 11 is not limited in this embodiment. Network-side equipment 12 may include access network equipment or core network equipment. Access network equipment 12 may also be referred to as radio access network equipment, radio access network (RAN), radio access network function, or radio access network unit. Access network equipment 12 may include base stations, WLAN access points, or WiFi nodes, etc. Base stations may be referred to as Node B, evolved Node B (eNB), access point, base transceiver station (BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), home B node, home evolved B node, Transmitting Receiving Point (TRP), or any other suitable term in the field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved. The base station is not limited to specific technical terms. It should be noted that in this application embodiment, only a base station in an NR system is used as an example for description, and the specific type of base station is not limited.Core network equipment may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: core network node, core network function, Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), Policy Control Function (PCF), Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), Edge Application Server Discovery Function (EASDF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Unified Data Repository (UDR), Home Subscriber Server (HSS), Centralized network configuration (CNC), Network Repository Function (NRF), Network Exposure Function (NEF), Local NEF (or L-NEF), Binding Support Function (BSF), and Application Function. Function (AF), etc. It should be noted that the embodiments of this application only use the core network equipment in the NR system as an example for introduction, and do not limit the specific type of core network equipment.

[0071] First, the relevant content involved in the embodiments of this application will be introduced.

[0072] (1) Communication and sensing integration / sensing integration

[0073] Future Beyond Fifth Generation (B5G) and 6G wireless communication systems are expected to provide a variety of high-precision sensing services, such as indoor positioning for robot navigation, Wi-Fi sensing for smart homes, and radar sensing for autonomous vehicles. Sensing and communication systems are typically designed separately and occupy different frequency bands. However, due to the widespread deployment of millimeter-wave and massive MIMO technologies, communication signals in future wireless communication systems often possess high resolution in both the time and angular domains, making it possible to achieve high-precision sensing using these signals. Therefore, it is best to design sensing and communication systems jointly, enabling them to share the same frequency band and hardware to improve frequency efficiency and reduce hardware costs. This has spurred research into Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC). ISAC will become a key technology in future wireless communication systems to support many important application scenarios. For example, in future autonomous vehicle networks, autonomous vehicles will obtain a wealth of information from the network, including ultra-high-resolution maps and near real-time information, for navigation and to avoid impending traffic congestion. Under similar circumstances, radar sensors in autonomous vehicles should be able to provide powerful, high-resolution obstacle detection capabilities, with resolution on the order of centimeters. ISAC technology for autonomous vehicles offers the possibility of achieving high data rate communication and high-resolution obstacle detection using the same hardware and spectrum resources. Other applications of ISAC include Wi-Fi-based indoor positioning and activity recognition, communication and sensing for unmanned aerial vehicles, XR, and radar-communication integration. Each application has different requirements, limitations, and regulatory issues. ISAC has attracted significant research interest and attention from both academia and industry. For example, there has been a growing body of academic publications on ISAC recently, covering topics ranging from transceiver architecture design, ISAC waveform design, joint coding design, time-frequency-space signal processing, to experimental performance delays, prototyping, and field testing.

[0074] ISAC achieves a low-cost, integrated implementation of communication and sensing functions through shared hardware and software-defined features. Its main characteristics include: a unified and simplified architecture; reconfigurable and scalable functionality; and improved efficiency and reduced costs. The advantages of integrated communication and sensing are threefold: reduced equipment costs and smaller size; improved spectrum utilization; and enhanced system performance.

[0075] The academic community typically divides the development of ISAC into four stages: coexistence, co-operation, co-design, and co-collaboration.

[0076] Coexistence: Communication and sensing are two separate systems that can interfere with each other. The main methods to solve the interference problem are: distance isolation, frequency band isolation, time division operation, MIMO technology, precoding, etc.

[0077] Co-operation: Communication and sensing share a hardware platform and utilize shared information to improve common performance. The power distribution between the two has a significant impact on system performance. The main problems are: low signal-to-noise ratio, mutual interference, and low throughput.

[0078] Joint design: Communication and sensing become a complete joint system, including joint signal design, waveform design, coding design, etc. In the early stage, there were linear frequency modulation waveforms and spread spectrum waveforms, and later the focus was on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveforms, MIMO technology, etc.

[0079] Collaborative Integration: Multiple integrated communication and sensing nodes cooperate to achieve common goals. For example, radar detection information is shared through communication data transmission; typical scenarios include driver assistance systems and radar-assisted communication.

[0080] Currently, the typical scenarios of integrated communication and sensing that can be realized by upgrading the technology based on the 5G communication system architecture are shown in Table 1 below.

[0081] Table 1 Typical Scenarios of Synesthesia Integration

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] (2) Radar technology

[0085] Radar is a transliteration of the English word "radar," an abbreviation of "Radio Detection and Ranging." It refers to the process of detecting and determining the distance to a target by transmitting radio waves and receiving the reflected echoes. With the development of radar technology, radar detection now includes not only measuring the target's distance but also its speed, azimuth, and elevation angles, and extracting further information about the target, including its size and shape.

[0086] Radar technology was initially used for military purposes to detect targets such as aircraft, missiles, vehicles, and ships. With technological advancements and societal evolution, radar has increasingly found applications in civilian settings. A typical application is weather radar, which measures the echoes from clouds and rain to determine their location and intensity for weather forecasting. Furthermore, with the rapid development of the electronics and information industry, the Internet of Things, and communication technologies, radar technology has begun to permeate everyday life, significantly improving convenience and safety. For example, automotive radar measures distances and relative speeds between vehicles, between vehicles and their surroundings, and between vehicles and pedestrians, providing early warnings and greatly enhancing road safety.

[0087] From a technical perspective, radar can be classified in many ways. Based on the positional relationship between radar transceiver stations, it can be divided into: monostatic radar and bistatic radar, such as... Figure 2 The diagrams show schematics of monostatic and bistatic radars, where (a) is a monostatic radar and (b) is a bistatic radar. For monostatic radar, the transmitter and receiver are integrated and share an antenna. The advantage is that the target echo signal and the receiver's local oscillator are naturally coherent, and signal processing is relatively convenient. The disadvantage is that signal transmission and reception cannot be performed simultaneously; only signal waveforms with a certain duty cycle can be used, resulting in detection blind spots that require complex algorithms to compensate for. Alternatively, signal transmission and reception can be performed simultaneously with strict isolation between them, but this is difficult to achieve for high-power military radars. For bistatic radar, the transmitter and receiver are located in different positions. The advantage is that signal transmission and reception can be performed simultaneously, and continuous wave waveforms can be used for detection. The disadvantage is that it is difficult to achieve coherence and frequency synchronization between the receiver and transmitter, and signal processing is more complex.

[0088] In integrated wireless sensing applications, radar technology can be used in either monostation or bistation radar modes.

[0089] In monostatic radar mode, the transmitting and receiving signals share a common antenna, and the received and transmitted signals enter different radio frequency processing links through a circulator. In this mode, continuous wave signal waveforms can be used to achieve blind-zone-free detection, provided that the received and transmitted signals are well isolated, typically requiring an isolation of around 100dB, to eliminate the overwhelming effect of transmitted signal leakage on the received signal. Since the receiver of a monostatic radar has all the information of the transmitted signal, it can perform signal processing through matched filtering (pulse compression) to obtain high signal processing gain.

[0090] In bistatic radar mode, there is no isolation issue between the transmitting and receiving signals, greatly simplifying hardware complexity. Since radar signal processing is based on known information, in 5G NR integrated sensing applications, radar signal processing can be performed using known information such as synchronization signals (primary synchronization signal (PSS) / secondary synchronization signal (SSS)) and reference signals (demodulation reference signal (DMRS) / channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS)). However, due to the periodicity of synchronization and reference signals, the signal waveform ambiguity is no longer thumbtack-shaped but rather pegboard-shaped, increasing the degree of time delay and Doppler ambiguity, and significantly reducing the main lobe gain compared to monostatic radar mode, thus decreasing the range for distance and velocity measurements. With appropriate parameter set design, the range for distance and velocity measurements can meet the requirements for measuring common targets such as cars and pedestrians. Furthermore, the measurement accuracy of bistatic radar is related to the relative positions of the transmitting and receiving stations to the target, requiring the selection of suitable transmitting and receiving station pairs to improve detection performance.

[0091] (3) Weather radar equations and scattering factor

[0092] 1) Weather radar equation:

[0093] For meteorological targets, such as rain, snow, and hail, the radar echoes formed by backscattering can be modeled as distributed scattering generated by a three-dimensional volume. For example... Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic of the radar echo volume scattering model provided in an embodiment of this application. In the volume scattering model, a 3dB width range of the radar beam is considered in the azimuth and elevation dimensions, and a range-resolved cell range is considered in the radial range dimension, forming a minimum resolvable volume scattering cell.

[0094] In the derivation of the volume scattering model radar equations, the integral operation in the angular dimension requires knowledge of the antenna's radiation pattern. The Gaussian function is a commonly used main lobe approximation model for antennas. Under the Gaussian approximation of the radiation pattern, the received power of the volume scattering model radar echo is:

[0095]

[0096] The meanings of each parameter in formula (1) are as follows:

[0097] P t Indicates the power of electromagnetic waves radiated by the radar;

[0098] G represents the radar antenna gain, which is related to the antenna array area and the wavelength of the radiated electromagnetic wave: G = 4πA e / λ 2 A e Indicates the effective area of ​​the antenna;

[0099] λ represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radar;

[0100] η represents the volume scattering rate of a meteorological target, which physically means the RCS (radar cross-section) of the meteorological target per cubic meter, and its unit is m. 2 / m 3 =m -1 Let dσ be the RCS of a differential volume element dV, then η = dσ / dV;

[0101] ΔR represents the length of the distance dimension of a distance-resolved cell at a distance of R;

[0102] R represents the center distance of a range resolution cell;

[0103] θ3 represents the 3dB width of the main lobe of the radar's electromagnetic radiation in the azimuth direction.

[0104] φ3 represents the 3dB width of the main lobe of the radar's electromagnetic radiation in the elevation dimension;

[0105] L s The system loss factor mainly includes the power loss caused by the radar system itself, including the loss caused by switching, power divider, waveguide, etc. It is usually a fixed loss and can be measured before the equipment leaves the factory. Typically, it is 3 to 10 dB.

[0106] L a To represent atmospheric attenuation, which is a function of distance, the two-way loss in decibels for a target at a distance R (unit: m) is: L a (R)(dB)=2αR / 1000(dB), where α is the decibel loss per kilometer, which is related to the frequency of the electromagnetic wave; here it is assumed that the atmospheric loss changes slowly within a range resolution cell, so the atmospheric loss coefficient within a range resolution cell is a constant related to R.

[0107] As can be seen from formula (1), unlike point scattering, the volume scattering received power decreases with distance according to the following law: R 2 , rather than R 4 This is because the range of scatterers contributing to the radar's received power at any given time depends on the size of the radar's resolution element, and the size of the resolution element increases with R. At longer distances, the broadening of the antenna beam leads to an increase in the resolution element size, which is related to R. 2 Proportional.

[0108] 2) Scattering rate factor:

[0109] Radar meteorology typically uses a normalized factor of scattering rate to represent the scattering characteristics of meteorological targets (such as rain and snow), usually denoted by the symbol Z. Meteorological target echoes are volume-scattered echoes; the actual observed echoes are composed of the backscattering from numerous raindrops, suspended water particles, hail, or snowflakes within the radar's resolution cell. Because Z is only related to volume density and the size of the scattering body, meteorologists prefer to use scattering rate Z rather than radar cross-section η as a parameter to represent radar echo intensity.

[0110] Water droplets are typically modeled as small conductive spheres. When the sphere's radius *r* is much smaller than the radar wavelength *λ*, especially when 2πr / λ << 1, this model has high accuracy. In the FR1 band of 5G NR, the wavelength ranges from 50 to 670 mm. Raindrop radii are generally between 0.25 and 1.5 mm, with the most common range being 0.35 to 0.45 mm. Some droplets are larger than 2 mm, but when the radius exceeds 3 mm, the droplets may break apart under airflow. Therefore, the condition 2πr / λ << 1 is satisfied within the FR1 band, which meets the requirements for applying the Rayleigh scattering model.

[0111] Assuming that the radar echoes from each scatterer within a radar resolution cell are independent and incoherently superimposed, the scattering rate factor is defined as follows:

[0112]

[0113] In formula (2), D i The diameter of the raindrop is usually expressed in mm. The scattering factor is expressed in mm. 6 / m 3 N represents the number of various backscatterers within a radar resolution cell, and ΔV is the volume unit. Since the observed variation range of Z is very large, it is usually represented in dB, denoted as dBZ.

[0114] The scattering rate factor Z can be calculated from the volume scattering rate η.

[0115]

[0116] Where, K = (m 2 -1) / (m 2 +2), where m represents the complex refractive index. The refractive index is a function of temperature and wavelength. However, when the wavelength is between 3 and 10 cm (radar frequency between 3 GHz and 10 GHz) and the temperature is between 0 and 20 °C, for a scatterer composed of water, |K| 2 The value is approximately a constant of 0.93; for a scatterer composed of ice, |K| 2 The value is approximately a constant of 0.197.

[0117] Therefore, given the measured echo power within a radar resolution cell, the volume scattering rate η can be estimated using the radar equations under the volume scattering model, and then η can be converted into the scattering rate factor Z. The value of the scattering rate factor Z is related to the water content in the air or the amount of precipitation, and many models now exist that can correlate the observed value of the scattering rate factor Z with the amount of precipitation. Table 2 below shows the most common model, which is the model used in the US NEXRAD National Weather Radar System, illustrating six correspondences between the observed Z value (dBZ) and the precipitation rate. Commercial Doppler weather radars used in television weather forecasts also use similar models.

[0118] Table 2 shows the relationship between dBZ scattering rate and rainfall rate.

[0119] 1 0.49～2.7 ≥18 and <30 Light rain 2 2.7～13.3 ≥30 and <41 Moderate rain 3 13.3～27.3 ≥41 and <46 heavy rain 4 27.3～48.6 ≥46 and <50 heavy rainfall 5 48.6～133.2 ≥50 and <57 rainstorm 6 ≥133.2 ≥57 Heavy rain

[0120] The weather sensing method provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0121] Figure 4 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the weather sensing method provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 4 As shown, this weather sensing method includes the following steps:

[0122] Step 400: Under the condition that the first condition is met, the first communication device performs weather sensing and obtains sensing measurement data or sensing results.

[0123] The first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0124] The system receives sensing demand information from the second communication device, the sensing demand information being used to request weather sensing.

[0125] The perception cycle time has arrived.

[0126] In one embodiment, when a first communication device receives sensing demand information forwarded by a second communication device, the first communication device performs weather sensing based on the sensing demand information to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results.

[0127] The perceived demand information originates from the application server connected to the first application on the third communication device.

[0128] The first application refers to application services provided by third parties other than the core network and air interface. The first application can also be called a third-party application, including applications installed on smartphones, PCs and other smart devices.

[0129] When a first application requests weather sensing for a target area or the current location area, the first application sends the weather sensing request to the application server it is connected to. Upon receiving the weather sensing request, the application server generates sensing requirement information and sends it to the second communication device.

[0130] Optionally, the perceived demand information includes at least one of the following:

[0131] Location information of the sensing area, used to indicate the location of the sensing area;

[0132] Spatial resolution, used to indicate the spatial granularity of the weather sensing;

[0133] Temporal resolution, used to indicate the temporal granularity of the weather sensing;

[0134] Perceive repeated configuration information, indicating configuration information regarding the repeated execution of weather perception.

[0135] The location of the sensing area can be the spatial range of the sensing area, the location range of the sensing area, etc.

[0136] Optionally, the first communication device performs weather sensing over a sensing area. The sensing area refers to the region where the first communication device performs weather sensing.

[0137] The sensing area can be indicated by the sensing area location information in the sensing demand information. The sensing area can be based on the area specified by the third communication device or the positioning information of the third communication device.

[0138] The sensing area can also be a predetermined target area, such as an area determined based on the maximum coverage distance of the first communication device.

[0139] Alternatively, the sensing area is an area determined based on the positioning information of a third communication device.

[0140] Optionally, the perceived repetitive configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0141] Do not execute repeatedly;

[0142] Repeat execution within the first time frame;

[0143] Repeat the first cycle until the termination condition is met.

[0144] Among them, "not repeating execution" can be understood as "single-time perception".

[0145] The configuration information that is repeatedly executed within the first time range can be either a time range or a repetition period.

[0146] The configuration information for repeating the first cycle until the termination condition is met can be the repeat cycle and the repeat termination condition.

[0147] In another implementation, the first communication device periodically monitors the weather conditions, performs weather sensing when the sensing period arrives, and obtains sensing measurement data or sensing results.

[0148] Optionally, triggered by a timer, the first communication device periodically monitors weather conditions, the duration of which is related to the sensing cycle time.

[0149] The first communication device performs a weather sensing operation within the range of distance and angle that the first communication device can cover.

[0150] Optionally, the first communication device performs weather sensing to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results, including:

[0151] The first communication device transmits a first signal and receives an echo signal;

[0152] The first communication device processes the echo signal to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results.

[0153] In this embodiment of the application, the first communication device transmits a first signal and receives echo signals passing through the meteorological target, processes the echo signals to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results, and realizes weather condition detection through self-transmission and self-reception.

[0154] Step 401: The first communication device reports the sensing measurement data or sensing results to the second communication device;

[0155] During the execution of the weather sensing task, the first communication device obtains sensing measurement data, and after the weather sensing task is completed, it obtains the sensing results.

[0156] The first communication device can directly report the sensing results to the second communication device, or it can report the sensing measurement data to the second communication device. After receiving the sensing measurement data, the second communication device performs the remaining weather sensing tasks based on the sensing measurement data and obtains the sensing results.

[0157] The second communication device reports the sensing results to the application server connected to the first application.

[0158] The application server of the first application performs data fusion processing on the sensing results reported by each first communication device to obtain the weather conditions of the sensing area, and then sends it to the first application.

[0159] In this embodiment of the application, the first communication device may be a terminal, a base station, or a Transmitter / Receiver Point (TRP); the second communication device may be a core network or a sensing function network element; and the third communication device may be a terminal.

[0160] In this embodiment of the application, the first communication device performs weather sensing according to user needs or periodically, and obtains sensing measurement data or sensing results, thereby realizing weather condition detection based on the communication device's self-transmission and self-reception, and meeting the user's need to know the weather conditions in real time.

[0161] Weather detection based on the self-transmitting and self-receiving capabilities of communication devices, in a state of integrated sensing and communication, can detect weather conditions in real time according to user needs. Therefore, weather detection based on the self-transmitting and self-receiving capabilities of communication devices has broad application prospects.

[0162] However, for integrated sensing and communication scenarios, the specific technical solutions and workflows for weather condition detection based on the self-transmitting and self-receiving capabilities of communication devices remain unclear. Furthermore, due to limitations in the transmission power of communication devices, the signal processing algorithms, borrowed from weather radar-like operating methods, also require adaptive adjustments when applied to communication equipment. Therefore, for integrated sensing and communication scenarios, how to achieve weather condition detection based on the self-transmitting and self-receiving capabilities of communication devices to meet users' needs for real-time weather information is a problem that needs to be solved.

[0163] Therefore, this application proposes specific algorithms and processes for sensing rainfall conditions, specifically for weather perception where the meteorological target is rainfall.

[0164] Optionally, the weather perception includes rainfall perception, wherein the rainfall perception includes at least one of the following: regional rain / no rain detection; rain / no rain distribution detection; rainfall rate distribution detection.

[0165] Optionally, the first communication device performs weather sensing to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results, including:

[0166] Determine the beam pointing angle, and based on the beam pointing angle, transmit a first signal and receive an echo signal;

[0167] The echo signal is preprocessed to obtain the echo preprocessing result;

[0168] Based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, regional rain / no-rain conditions are detected and data preprocessed, and the rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results are output.

[0169] When the rainfall determination result indicates that there is rain, the rainfall rate distribution is obtained by detecting the rainfall rate distribution based on the wet aperture attenuation value.

[0170] Understandably, the first communication device first determines the beam pointing angle based on the sensing area, then transmits the first signal and receives the echo signal based on the beam pointing angle.

[0171] Then, the echo signal is preprocessed to obtain the echo preprocessing result.

[0172] Based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, regional rain / no-rain conditions are detected. If the rainfall decision result indicates rain, data preprocessing is performed to obtain the rain / no-rain distribution detection results.

[0173] If the rainfall determination result is that there is rain, the rainfall rate distribution is obtained by detecting the rainfall / no-rain distribution and the wet aperture attenuation value.

[0174] Among them, the rainfall decision threshold and wet aperture attenuation value are pre-obtained baseline calibration data.

[0175] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a third-party application initiating rainfall detection, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, a third-party application initiates rainfall detection, including the following steps:

[0176] 1) A third-party application requests to detect rainfall.

[0177] 2) The application server connected to the third-party application sends the sensing requirement information to the core network or sensing function network element. This sensing requirement information is used to request the sensing of rainfall conditions.

[0178] 3) The core network or sensing function network element senses the demand information based on the received rainfall information, selects the first communication device to perform weather sensing, retrieves the baseline calibration data obtained during the calibration process, and sends the sensing demand information and baseline calibration data to the first communication device.

[0179] Alternatively, the second communication device determines the first communication device to perform rainfall perception based on the perception area location information or the pre-determined target area information in the perception requirement information and sends the perception requirement information to the first communication device, and the first communication device retrieves the baseline calibration data obtained during the calibration process.

[0180] The first communication device performing rainfall sensing can be one or more first communication devices closest to the sensing area, or other suitable first communication devices whose sensing range covers the area to be sensed (i.e., the sensing area). The second communication device sends the rainfall sensing request information to the first communication device performing the rainfall sensing.

[0181] 4) The first communication device performs rainfall perception and obtains perception measurement data or perception results.

[0182] 5) If the first communication device cannot completely cover the sensing area with one beam dwell, adjust the beam direction and perform the next beam dwell, repeating the operation of step 4) until the entire sensing area is covered.

[0183] 6) The first communication device reports the sensing measurement data or sensing results to the second communication device.

[0184] 7) The second communication device reports the sensing results to the application server connected to the third-party application.

[0185] The application server connected to the third-party application performs data fusion processing on the sensing results reported by each first communication device to obtain the rainfall situation (rain / no rain, rainfall rate distribution) in the sensing area, and finally sends it to the third-party application.

[0186] Optionally, the second communication device performs data fusion processing on the sensing results reported by each of the first communication devices to obtain the rainfall situation in the sensing area, and sends the rainfall situation in the sensing area to the application server connected to the third-party application, and the application server sends the rainfall situation in the sensing area to the third-party application.

[0187] Optionally, the second communication device calculates the sensing result based on the sensing measurement data reported by the first communication device.

[0188] Optionally, upon receiving sensing demand information from the second communication device, the first communication device performs weather sensing to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results, including the following steps:

[0189] Step 1a: Obtain baseline calibration data, which includes rainfall decision threshold and wet aperture attenuation value;

[0190] Step 2a: Determine the beam pointing angle based on the sensing area location information or the pre-determined target area information in the sensing demand information, combined with the location information of the first communication device;

[0191] The target area information refers to the information about the target area mentioned in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0192] Step 3a: Based on the beam pointing angle, transmit the first signal and receive the echo signal;

[0193] Step 4a: Preprocess the echo signal to obtain the echo preprocessing result;

[0194] Step 5a: Based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, perform regional rain / no rain detection and data preprocessing, and output rainfall decision results and rain / no rain distribution detection results;

[0195] It should be noted that, firstly, based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, regional rain / no-rain conditions are detected to obtain rainfall decision results; then, based on the rainfall decision results, data preprocessing is performed to obtain rain / no-rain distribution detection results.

[0196] If the rainfall determination result is no rain, the rainfall detection process ends.

[0197] Step 6a: If the rainfall determination result indicates rain, a rainfall rate distribution detection process is executed based on the wet aperture attenuation value to obtain the radial rainfall rate distribution within the maximum coverage range of the first communication device, with the radar detection range resolution as the resolution unit. The rainfall rate distribution at each position on the horizontal plane is then projected according to the angle between the radiation beam and the horizontal plane.

[0198] Step 7a: If the first communication device cannot completely cover the sensing area with one beam dwell, adjust the beam pointing angle and perform the next beam dwell to sense the rainfall situation. That is, repeat steps 3a to 6a above until the sensing area is completely covered, and obtain the rainfall map and rainfall rate distribution map in the sensing area.

[0199] In this embodiment of the application, a specific process for sensing rainfall conditions is given for the integrated sensing scenario. The first communication device senses rainfall conditions according to user needs and reports the sensing measurement data or sensing results, realizing the self-transmission and self-reception of rainfall conditions detection based on the communication device, which can meet the user's need to understand the rainfall conditions in real time.

[0200] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the periodic monitoring of rainfall by a first communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the first communication device periodically monitors rainfall, including the following steps:

[0201] 1) The first communication device periodically performs rainfall sensing actions when triggered by a timer.

[0202] 2) The first communication device fuses the rainfall detection data of each beam to obtain a rainfall map and a rainfall rate distribution map within a circular area centered on the first communication device and with its maximum coverage distance as the radius.

[0203] 3) The first communication device reports the sensing measurement data or sensing results to the second communication device.

[0204] 4) The second communication device collects the rainfall perception results reported by all the first communication devices in a large area (such as a province or a city), and merges all the data to obtain a rainfall map and a rainfall rate distribution map in the large area.

[0205] 5) The second communication device sends the rainfall map and rainfall rate distribution map of the large area to the application server.

[0206] 6) The application server pushes rainfall information around the location of each third-party application to the third-party application based on the location of all third-party applications connected to the application server.

[0207] Optionally, when the sensing cycle time arrives, the first communication device performs weather sensing to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results, including the following steps:

[0208] Step 1b: Obtain baseline calibration data, which includes rainfall decision threshold and wet aperture attenuation value;

[0209] Step 2b: Based on the azimuth width of the radiating antenna beam, transmit the first signal and receive the echo signal;

[0210] Step 3b: Preprocess the echo signal to obtain the echo preprocessing result;

[0211] Step 4b: Based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, perform regional rain / no-rain detection and data preprocessing, and output rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results;

[0212] Step 5b: If the rainfall determination result indicates rain, a rainfall rate distribution detection process is executed based on the wet aperture attenuation value to obtain the radial rainfall rate distribution within the maximum coverage range of the first communication device, with the radar detection range resolution as the resolution unit. The rainfall rate distribution at each position on the horizontal plane is then projected according to the angle between the radiation beam and the horizontal plane.

[0213] Step 6b: After completing the rainfall detection at one angle, end the dwell time of the current beam pointing, shift the beam pointing by an angle of azimuth width, and perform rainfall detection for the next angular fan area. That is, repeat steps 2b to 5b until the maximum allowable angle range of azimuth coverage is reached, and then end the rainfall detection for the current cycle.

[0214] Step 7b: The rainfall perception results from each beam are fused to obtain a rainfall map and a rainfall rate distribution map within a circular area centered on the first communication device and with the maximum coverage distance of the first communication device as the radius.

[0215] In this embodiment of the application, a specific process for sensing rainfall conditions is given for the integrated sensing scenario. The first communication device periodically senses rainfall conditions and reports the sensing measurement data or sensing results, realizing the detection of rainfall conditions based on the self-transmission and self-reception of the communication device, which can meet the user's need to understand the rainfall conditions in real time.

[0216] The calibration process is described below.

[0217] 1) Rainfall Decision Threshold Calibration

[0218] The rainfall decision threshold was obtained through the following calibration method:

[0219] The first signal was transmitted and the echo was received under clear weather and light rain weather conditions, respectively, and N was obtained within a sensing signal frame time. p ×N m A first data matrix and a second data matrix of size N, wherein each row of the first data matrix or the second data matrix is ​​N m Each value represents the power of the received echo at each range resolution unit within one sensing signal cycle, and each column N... p The value represents the received echo power of a range resolution unit during different sensing signal periods, N. p N is a positive integer greater than 1. m It is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0220] The first total received power and the second total received power at each range resolution unit within a sensing signal frame time are obtained by summing each column of the first data matrix and the second data matrix respectively.

[0221] Repeat N b For each sensing signal frame, the first average value and the second average value of the received echo power of each range resolution unit within a first time length are obtained, wherein the first time length includes N. b N sensing signal frames b It is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0222] The first average value of the received echo power of each distance resolution unit within the first time length is summed to obtain the third average value of the total received echo power within the first time length. The second average value of the received echo power of each distance resolution unit within the first time length is summed to obtain the fourth average value of the total received echo power within the first time length.

[0223] A first decision threshold is obtained based on the third average value and the fourth average value of the total received echo power within the first time length, wherein the first decision threshold is used to make a rain / no rain decision on the total received echo power within the sensing signal frame time.

[0224] A second decision threshold is obtained based on the first average value and the second average value of the received echo power of each range resolution unit within the first time length, wherein the second decision threshold is used to make a decision on the received echo power of each range resolution unit.

[0225] Specifically, considering that in the same region at different seasons, or with changes in air conditions, the signal attenuation caused by meteorological factors other than rainfall (such as dry air, water vapor in the air, haze, etc.) will also change accordingly. Therefore, it is necessary to calibrate these factors, and at the same time, it is necessary to calibrate the threshold for rainfall detection / decision.

[0226] The calibration method for meteorological factors other than rainfall is as follows:

[0227] Under clear weather conditions, the first signal is transmitted and the echo is received, resulting in a sensing signal frame time N. p ×N m Data matrix:

[0228]

[0229] Each row of the matrix N m Each value represents the power of the received echo at each range resolution unit within one sensing signal cycle. Each column represents N. p Each value represents the received echo power of a range resolution unit during different sensing signal cycles.

[0230] Sum the columns of the data matrix. Add them together to get right Add them together to get Finally, we obtain a 1×N m The vector represents the total received power across all range-resolved cells within a single sensing signal frame time.

[0231]

[0232] in,

[0233] Repeat N b For each sensing signal frame, the average value of the received echo power of each range cell within the first time length is obtained:

[0234]

[0235] in, It is the first average value of the echo power received by the i-th range resolution unit within the first time length.

[0236] Furthermore, the average value of the total received echo power within the first time period under clear weather conditions was obtained. That is, the third average.

[0237] The N b The value can be configured by the sensing function network element, or it can be dynamically set by the first communication device or the sensing function network element based on the measurement data processing results of the above calibration process.

[0238] In light rain, repeat the above operation to obtain the average received echo power of each distance unit for a given sensing signal frame time:

[0239]

[0240] in, It is the second average value of the echo power received by the i-th range resolution unit within the first time length.

[0241] Further, the average value of the received echo power and the frame duration of the sensing signal under light rain conditions were obtained. That is, the fourth average.

[0242] Furthermore, a first decision threshold is obtained based on the third average value and the fourth average value of the total received echo power within the first time length, wherein the first decision threshold is used to make a rain / no rain decision on the total received echo power within the sensing signal frame time.

[0243] Where, τ total For calibration process based on T tot The first decision threshold, obtained by averaging the total received echo power over the first time length (i.e., the first time length) (using the third and fourth average values), is expressed as follows:

[0244]

[0245] Where C1 is a positive real number less than 1, determined based on calibration data.

[0246] Furthermore, a second decision threshold is obtained based on the first average value and the second average value of the received echo power of each range resolution unit within the first time length, wherein the second decision threshold is used to make a decision on the received echo power of each range resolution unit.

[0247] Where, τ i For calibration process based on T tot The second decision threshold, obtained by averaging the received echo power of the i-th range resolution unit over a time length (i.e., the first time length) (i.e., the first average value and the second average value), is expressed as follows:

[0248]

[0249] C2 is a positive real number less than 1, determined based on calibration data.

[0250] 2) Wet aperture attenuation calibration

[0251] Wet aperture attenuation refers to the attenuation caused by rainwater adhering to the surface of the transmitting and receiving antenna after rainfall, which is a significant source of attenuation in both radiation and reception of electromagnetic waves.

[0252] In the process of rainfall rate distribution detection, the wet aperture attenuation value needs to be used separately. It can be obtained by the difference between the received echo power of a reference target under the wet aperture state after rain and the dry aperture state on a sunny day. w Note that the wet aperture attenuation obtained at this point is already a two-way attenuation.

[0253] Optionally, the first signal includes one of the following:

[0254] The dominant signal in communication;

[0255] Perceive the dominant signal;

[0256] Perception-enhanced communication is the dominant signal;

[0257] Communication perception integrated signal;

[0258] The waveform of the first signal is a continuous wave waveform or a pulse waveform.

[0259] The first signal uses a wideband signal waveform, which can be:

[0260] a) Dominant communication signals: such as NR signals, LTE signals, Wi-Fi signals, etc.;

[0261] b) Sensing dominant signals: such as radar signals, including: Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar signals, OFDM radar signals (including phase-coded OFDM radar signals), Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM) radar signals, simple pulse train signals, phase-coded radar signals, etc.

[0262] c) Perception-enhanced communication dominant signal: A signal obtained by time-frequency domain design of the communication dominant signal to increase its sensing capability;

[0263] d) Integrated communication and sensing signals: refers to signal waveforms newly designed specifically for integrated communication and sensing scenarios, which may include: signal waveforms designed for reference signal applicability based on NR signals, multi-symbol OFDM pulse signal waveforms, etc.

[0264] The first signal can be a continuous wave waveform or a pulse waveform.

[0265] Optionally, the preprocessing of the echo signal to obtain the echo preprocessing result includes:

[0266] In each sensing signal cycle, the echo signal received by the first communication device is subjected to matched filtering processing;

[0267] The maximum detection range of the first communication device is divided into N. m Each distance resolution unit acquires the received echo power of the echo signal in each distance resolution unit within each sensing signal period, and generates a received echo data matrix.

[0268] Summing each column of the received echo data matrix yields a 1×N matrix. m The vector represents the total received power of each range resolution unit within a sensing signal frame time;

[0269] The total received power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time is summed to obtain N within the sensing signal frame time. m Total received echo power of each range resolution unit;

[0270] The sensing signal frame includes N p A sensing signal cycle, wherein the sensing signal cycle is the cycle of transmitting a first signal once and performing echo signal processing;

[0271] The received echo data matrix is ​​an N p ×N m The matrix, N p N is a positive integer greater than 1. m It is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0272] In this embodiment, the first communication device periodically performs a sensing process at certain time intervals (e.g., 15 minutes), or under the signaling control of a third-party application / core network / sensing function network element, with a sensing signal frame as the time length. The time length of one sensing signal frame includes N... p One sensing signal cycle.

[0273] In each sensing signal cycle, the echo signal received by the first communication device is subjected to matched filtering processing;

[0274] The maximum detection range of the first communication device is divided into N. m Each range resolution unit acquires the received echo power of the echo signal in each range resolution unit during each sensing signal period, resulting in a received echo data matrix:

[0275]

[0276] Where, each row of the matrix N m Each value represents the power of the received echo at each range resolution unit within one sensing signal cycle. Each column represents N. p The received echo power value of a range resolution unit in each different sensing signal cycle.

[0277] The maximum detection range of the first communication device is also the maximum coverage range of the first communication device.

[0278] Docking and receiving wave data matrix P raw Summing each column yields a 1×N sum. m The vector is the sum of the received power (also called the total received power) at each range-resolved cell within a sensing signal frame time:

[0279]

[0280] in

[0281] N within the sensing signal frame time m The total received echo power of each range-resolved unit is denoted as .

[0282] The following describes the methods for detecting rainfall.

[0283] Optionally, the step of detecting and preprocessing regional rain / no-rain conditions based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, and outputting rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results, includes:

[0284] Based on the first decision threshold, N is processed within the sensing signal frame time. m The total power of the received echoes from each range resolution unit is used to determine whether there is rain or no rain, and the first decision result is obtained.

[0285] If the first decision result is rain, the received echo power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time is determined based on the second decision threshold to obtain the decision result of the received echo power of each range resolution unit.

[0286] The decision results of the received echo power of each range resolution unit are statistically analyzed, and the number of range resolution units that have passed the threshold is analyzed based on the statistical results, and the rainfall decision results are output.

[0287] If the proportion of the number of distance resolution units that have exceeded the threshold to the total number of distance resolution units exceeds a first threshold, feature analysis of the distance resolution units that have exceeded the threshold is performed, and the results of the feature analysis of the distance resolution units that have exceeded the threshold are preprocessed to output the rain / no rain distribution detection results.

[0288] It is understood that the rainfall detection method provided in this application includes the following steps:

[0289] Step 1: Receive the total power of the echo signal for determination.

[0290] The following decision is made regarding the total received power within the sensing signal frame time:

[0291] if The preliminary assessment indicates no rain, and the current rainfall monitoring is now complete.

[0292] if The initial assessment indicates rain, and further testing will be conducted.

[0293] Where, τ total τ is the first decision threshold obtained during the calibration process. total The calculation method has been described previously and will not be repeated here.

[0294] Step 2: Determine the received echo power of each range resolution unit.

[0295] A decision is made regarding the received power of each range resolution unit. For the i-th range unit,

[0296] if Then record the current distance resolution unit detection flag D. i =0.

[0297] if Then record the current distance resolution unit detection flag D. i =1.

[0298] Where, τ i τ is the second decision threshold obtained during the calibration process. i The calculation method has been described previously and will not be repeated here.

[0299] Step 3: Counting the number of distance resolution units that pass the threshold

[0300] Calculate the decision results of the received power of each range resolution unit in step 2, and sum the detection flags of all range resolution units:

[0301] Then, the number of resolvable units across the threshold distance is analyzed:

[0302] if If so, it is considered that a rainfall event has indeed occurred, and subsequent rainfall rate distribution detection will be conducted;

[0303] if If no rainfall event has occurred, the rainfall detection process result is considered to be correct. At this time, a few range resolution units receive power exceeding the threshold, and the detection flag is set to 1. There are two possible reasons: one is that the received power value is affected by noise, resulting in some outliers; the other is that there are other objects reflecting echoes on the path of the transmitted beam.

[0304] In the above judgment, C3 is a positive real number much less than 1, which can be set based on debugging experience; for example, it can be set to round(C3N) m =5, round() means rounding to the nearest integer.

[0305] After completing this step, output the rain / no rain determination result along the detection path. For cases where the determination result is rain, further processing is performed.

[0306] Step 4: Range-resolution cell threshold feature analysis and data preprocessing

[0307] When the number of distance-resolved units D exceeds the detection threshold total N% of the total range-resolved units m Once the proportion exceeds C3, threshold feature analysis of the distance resolution unit is performed.

[0308] Optionally, when the proportion of the number of distance resolution units exceeding the threshold to the total number of distance resolution units exceeds a first threshold, threshold-crossing distance resolution unit feature analysis is performed, and the results of the threshold-crossing distance resolution unit feature analysis are preprocessed to output rain / no-rain distribution detection results, including:

[0309] Starting from the first threshold-crossing range resolution cell, all range resolution cells are divided into blocks and gaps for statistical analysis. Blocks represent rain, and gaps represent no rain, resulting in N. B Block and N G There are N gaps, each containing a certain number of range-resolved units. B N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. G It is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0310] For the i-th block, if the number of range-resolved units contained in the i-th block is 1, and the number of range-resolved units contained in the two adjacent gaps satisfies the first preset condition, the decision result of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th block is modified to not exceed the threshold, and the i-th block and the two adjacent gaps are merged into a new gap, and the received echo power value of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th block is modified to the average value of the received echo power of all range-resolved units in the two adjacent gaps;

[0311] For the i-th gap, if the number of range-resolved units contained in the i-th gap is 1, and the number of range-resolved units contained in the two adjacent blocks satisfies the first preset condition, the decision result of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th gap is modified to pass the threshold, and the i-th gap and the two adjacent blocks are merged into a new block, and the received echo power value of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th gap is modified to the average value of the received echo power of all range-resolved units in the two adjacent blocks;

[0312] Output the Block set and the Gap set;

[0313] Where i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1;

[0314] When the i-th block is the first block, only the first gap after it is considered; when the i-th block is the last block, only the gap before it is considered.

[0315] When the i-th gap is the first gap, only the first block following it is considered; when the i-th gap is the last gap, only the block preceding it is considered.

[0316] The following is combined with Figure 7 Please provide a detailed explanation. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the data preprocessing of the results of the feature analysis of the threshold distance resolution unit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0317] Starting from the first distance resolution unit that passes the detection threshold (let's call it the m-th distance resolution unit), the data is divided into blocks and gaps for statistical analysis. Figure 7 As shown:

[0318] The m-th range resolution cell is assigned to the 1st block (denoted as B1 = {m}).

[0319] Then examine the (m+1)th range-resolved cell, if D m+1 =1 (as mentioned above, this indicates that the detection threshold has been exceeded), then the (m+1)th distance resolution unit is assigned to the first block (denoted as B1 = {m, m+1});

[0320] Continue examining the (m+2)th range-resolved cell until the nth range-resolved cell D. n =0 (as mentioned above, this indicates that the detection threshold has been exceeded), the first block ends, denoted as (B1 = {m, m+1, ..., n-1}), and the first gap appears at this time, denoted as G1 = {n};

[0321] Continuing to examine the (n+1)th range-resolved unit, if D n+1 If the distance resolution unit is 0, then the (n+1)th distance resolution unit is assigned to the first gap, denoted as G1 = {n, n+1}.

[0322] Continue examining the (n+2)th range resolution cell until the qth range resolution cell D. q =1, the first gap ends, denoted as G1 = {n, n+1, ... q-1}, and the second block appears, denoted as B2 = {q};

[0323] And so on, eventually all range resolution cells from the first range resolution cell that crosses the threshold to the last range resolution cell that crosses the threshold will be divided into N. B Block and N G Each gap contains a certain number of range-resolved units.

[0324] Furthermore, based on the division into Blocks and Gaps, the following processing is performed:

[0325] For the i-th Block(B i If it contains 1 distance unit (denoted as l(B)), i =1), and the two gaps adjacent to it (let's say G) m and G m+1 The number of distance units contained in ) satisfies: l(G m )≥2 and l(G m+1 If )≥2, then B i The decision result of the range resolution unit included in it is changed to not exceed the threshold, and then B is cancelled. i and G m B i G m+1 Merge into a new Gap, the original B i The receiving power of the range resolution unit included in it is changed to G. m and G m+1The average of all elements in B is used for subsequent signal processing. i If it is the first block, then only its subsequent gap needs to be considered; if B i If it is the last block, then only the gap before it needs to be considered.

[0326] For the i-th gap(G i If it contains 1 distance unit (denoted as l(G)), i =1), and the two adjacent blocks (let's say B) m and B m+1 The number of distance units contained in ) satisfies: l(B m )≥2 and l(B m+1 If )≥2, then G i The decision result of the range resolution unit contained therein is changed to exceed the threshold, and then G is canceled. i and B m G i B m+1 Merge into a new Block; the original G i The receiving power of the range resolution unit included in it is changed to B. m and B m+1 The average value of all elements in the dataset is used for subsequent signal processing.

[0327] The purpose and benefits of the above processing are as follows: Since the reflected echo of the transmitted beam in the rain is very weak, the received power of each range resolution unit often exhibits outliers: either a range resolution unit that exceeds the threshold or a range resolution unit that does not exceed the threshold. After the above processing, some outliers can be eliminated, which helps to improve the accuracy of subsequent signal processing.

[0328] After completing this step, output the rain / no rain distribution results along the detection path: set The internal resolution unit is rainy, set There is no rain inside.

[0329] After confirming the occurrence of rainfall in the above steps, and based on the received power values ​​after threshold distance resolution cell feature analysis and data preprocessing, the rainfall rate distribution detection is described in detail below.

[0330] For the set B of range-resolved cells in all processed blocks total The distance resolution unit in the data is processed according to the presence of rainfall, and its rainfall rate ρ is calculated. i ,i∈B total For the set G of range-resolved cells in all gaps after processing total The distance resolution unit in the middle is treated as no rainfall, with ρ i =0, i∈Gtotal .

[0331] Once the rain / no-rain detection result indicates rain, and the above-mentioned feature analysis based on threshold distance resolution cells and data preprocessing are completed, the rainfall rate distribution detection process begins. The rainfall rate distribution detection involves calculating the rainfall rate ρ for all cells passing through the threshold distance resolution cells. i ,i∈B total The calculation is performed based on the received echo power data after preprocessing the characteristic data of the threshold distance resolution unit.

[0332] Based on the above rain / no rain distribution detection results, if all N m If the result of the first range resolution cell (the range resolution cell closest to the communication equipment) is rain, i.e., D1 = 1, then wet aperture attenuation (measured during calibration) needs to be considered in the following calculations; if D1 = 0, then wet aperture attenuation does not need to be considered. In the following description, L is included in the radar equations. w One term, when D1=1, L w The value is 1; when D1 = 0, L w This is the pre-measured wet pore size attenuation value.

[0333] Method 1, Approximate Algorithm: Ignore Rain Attenuation Along the Way

[0334] Optionally, when the rainfall determination result indicates rain, the rainfall rate distribution detection process is performed based on the wet aperture attenuation value, including:

[0335] Based on the received echo power data obtained after threshold range resolution unit feature analysis and data preprocessing, and the wet aperture attenuation value, the volume scattering rate of each threshold range resolution unit is calculated.

[0336] Based on the Rayleigh scattering model and the volume scattering rate of each threshold range-resolved cell, the scattering rate factor of each threshold range-resolved cell is obtained.

[0337] Based on the scattering rate factor of each threshold distance resolution unit, and based on the relationship between the scattering rate factor and the rainfall rate, the rainfall rate of each threshold distance resolution unit is obtained.

[0338] By combining the rainfall rate of each threshold distance resolution unit, the rainfall rate distribution of the current beam pointing under rainy conditions is obtained.

[0339] For the i∈B total The reflected echo power of a single pulse caused by a rainfall with a range resolution cell ΔV=ΔRθ3φ3 is:

[0340]

[0341] Meanwhile, the center distance R of the distance resolution unit i for:

[0342]

[0343] Based on the volume scattering radar equations described above, and considering the wet aperture attenuation (two-way, measured during system calibration, denoted as L),... w The volume scattering rate of the i-th range-resolved cell can be obtained as follows:

[0344]

[0345] Furthermore, based on the Rayleigh scattering model, the scattering rate factor of the i-th range-resolved cell can be obtained as:

[0346]

[0347] Similarly, we obtain all other i∈B total Scattering rate factor of range-resolved cell:

[0348] Z = {Z i}, i∈B total

[0349] Based on the power-law relationship between the scattering rate factor and the rainfall rate ρ in the FR1 band:

[0350] Z = 200ρ 1.6

[0351] Get all i∈B total Rainfall rate of distance-resolved cells:

[0352]

[0353] Combine all i∈G total Rainfall rate ρ of the range resolution unit i =0, i∈G total Finally, N is obtained within the current beam direction and the distance range of 0 to cT / 2. m Rainfall rate of each resolution unit.

[0354] By scanning in a 360° direction and performing the above processing, the rainfall distribution around the current communication device can be obtained.

[0355] Method 2, Modified Algorithm: Considering Rain Attenuation Along the Way

[0356] The approximation algorithm does not consider the impact of rainfall attenuation on the range resolution unit during the journey. According to Zhang Peichang et al.'s "Meteorological Radar" and Yu Xiaoding et al.'s "Principles and Applications of Doppler Weather Radar," traditional meteorological radar (or weather radar) mainly considers rainfall attenuation during the journey in two categories: one category considers that centimeter waves and longer wavelengths are less affected by rainfall attenuation and can be ignored. In this case, at the maximum operating range of traditional meteorological radar and in heavy rain scenarios, it can introduce an error of up to 10dB; the second category considers the impact of rainfall attenuation by assuming that the rainfall rate during the journey is the same as the rainfall rate at the measured distance, and directly substituting the rainfall attenuation into the solution of the radar equation to finally obtain the rainfall rate.

[0357] It should be recognized that traditional weather radar ignores regional variations in rainfall when considering rainfall attenuation along the way, and there are certain errors in measuring rainfall rates, especially in areas of rainfall variation and marginal areas.

[0358] According to ITU-R Recommendation P.838-3, "Specific Models for Rain Attenuation Used in Prediction Methods," the attenuation A (dB / km) of electromagnetic waves caused by rainfall has the following power-law relationship with the rainfall intensity ρ (mm / h):

[0359] A=kρ a

[0360] Within the FR1 band (sub-6GHz), considering a scenario with a carrier frequency of 6GHz, we have k≈7×10 -4 Since a≈1.58, in the Level 3 heavy rain scenario of the 6-level rainfall intensity classification (see Table 2 above) (considering a rainfall rate ρ=20mm / h), the two-way rainfall attenuation at 5km is approximately 0.8dB. In stronger rainfall or at higher frequencies, the rainfall attenuation is even greater. Ignoring rainfall attenuation would underestimate the rainfall rate at greater distances.

[0361] This application proposes an iterative rain attenuation processing algorithm based on broadband range-resolved radar signal processing.

[0362] Optionally, when the rainfall determination result indicates rain, the rainfall rate distribution detection process is performed based on the wet aperture attenuation value, including:

[0363] Based on the rainfall rate from the first threshold distance resolution unit to the (i-1)th threshold distance resolution unit, and the relationship between rain attenuation and rainfall rate, the rain attenuation during the echo signal of the i-th threshold distance resolution unit is obtained, where i is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0364] Based on the rain attenuation along the way of the echo signal of the i-th threshold range resolution unit, the received echo power data of the i-th threshold range resolution unit and the wet aperture attenuation value, the volume scattering rate of the i-th threshold range resolution unit is calculated.

[0365] Based on the Rayleigh scattering model and the volume scattering rate of the i-th cross-threshold range-resolving unit, the scattering rate factor of the i-th cross-threshold range-resolving unit is obtained.

[0366] The rainfall rate of the i-th threshold distance resolution unit is obtained based on the scattering rate factor of the i-th threshold distance resolution unit and the relationship between the scattering rate factor and the rainfall rate.

[0367] Increment i by one to calculate the rainfall rate of the next threshold distance resolution cell, and continue until the rainfall rates of all threshold distance resolution cells are obtained;

[0368] By combining the rainfall rates of all the threshold distance resolution units, the rainfall rate distribution of the current beam pointing under rainy conditions is obtained;

[0369] The rainfall rate of the first threshold distance resolution unit is calculated without considering rainfall attenuation during the journey.

[0370] Consider i∈B total The first range-resolved unit (where the received echo power exceeds the threshold) is in all N range-resolved units. m The distance between the center of the i-th distance resolution unit and the communication device is:

[0371]

[0372] Since there was no rainfall prior to this range resolution cell, its own rain attenuation effect is ignored. Applying the volume scattering model radar equations, the wet aperture attenuation L is considered. w Its volume scattering rate can be obtained as follows:

[0373]

[0374] The scattering rate factor is obtained based on the Rayleigh scattering model:

[0375]

[0376] Then, based on the power relationship between the scattering rate factor and the rainfall rate, the rainfall rate at this distance unit can be obtained:

[0377]

[0378] The rainfall rate ρ of the i-th distance resolution unit is obtained. i Then, the distance from the communication equipment to B can be calculated according to the power law of rain attenuation and rainfall rate. total Rain attenuation of the second resolution cell within the set (received echo power exceeding the threshold), denoted as the range resolution cell in all N... mThis is the j-th range resolution cell among the range resolution cells.

[0379] The distance from the communication device to the j-th distance resolution unit is:

[0380]

[0381] The rain attenuation between the communication device and the j range resolution cells is:

[0382] L r,j (dB)=2ΔR·k(ρ i ) a

[0383] L r,j (dB) represents the distance to the communication device in dB, where R is the distance. j The two-way rain attenuation experienced by the scatterer at a range-resolved unit. The rain attenuation in the above formula is the linear unit rain attenuation value, as follows:

[0384]

[0385] When calculating the volume scattering rate of the j range-resolved cells, substitute this rain attenuation value:

[0386]

[0387] The subsequent processing is the same as that for the i-th resolution unit, to obtain the rainfall rate ρ for the j-th resolution unit. j .

[0388] Similarly, B total The third resolving unit within the set (received echo power exceeding the threshold) (denoted as the range resolving unit in all N) m The two-way path rain attenuation experienced by the m-th range resolution cell is:

[0389] L r,m (dB)=2ΔR·k(ρ i ) a +2ΔR·k(ρ j ) a

[0390] Similarly, converting it to linear units and inputting it into the radar equations, we can calculate the volume scattering rate of the range-resolved cell, thereby obtaining the scattering rate factor of the range-resolved cell, and then the rainfall rate of the range-resolved cell.

[0391] And so on, performing volume scattering η on the nth range-resolved unit. n When calculating, substitute B totalTwo-way path rain attenuation caused by all range-resolved cells with range-resolved cell numbers less than n within the set (received echo power exceeds the threshold).

[0392]

[0393] The above iterative algorithms can be summarized as follows:

[0394] Ignoring B total The first resolvable unit echo in the set is affected by rain attenuation; calculate its rainfall rate.

[0395] Consider B total The rainfall attenuation and precipitation rate of the first resolvable cell in the set are used to calculate B. total The rainfall rate of the second distinguishing unit within the set;

[0396] Consider B total Rainfall attenuation and precipitation rate of the first and second resolution cells within the set are used to calculate B. total The rainfall rate of the third distinguishing unit within the set;

[0397] Consider B total The rainfall attenuation and precipitation rate of the first, second, and third resolution cells within the set are used to calculate B. total The rainfall rate of the fourth resolution unit within the set;

[0398] By doing so, the rainfall rate on all resolution units is eventually obtained.

[0399] The broadband radar range-resolved echo signal processing algorithm proposed in this application obtains the rainfall rate and rainfall rate distribution along the detection path based on the received echo power and Rayleigh scattering scattering rate factor model at each range-resolved unit, and has the following beneficial effects:

[0400] ① A joint rain / no-rain discrimination method based on the total received echo power and the received echo power of each range resolution unit is proposed, which can accurately detect whether it is raining;

[0401] ② Based on the coherent superposition of periodic echoes of multiple sensing signals within the sensing signal frame to improve the detection signal-to-noise ratio, a method is proposed to preprocess the received echo power data of each range resolution unit based on the feature analysis of the range resolution unit beyond the threshold, which can improve the accuracy of rainfall rate distribution detection.

[0402] ③ Considering the impact of rain attenuation on rainfall rate measurement, an iterative rain attenuation processing algorithm is proposed, which is particularly suitable for scenarios with high carrier frequency, long path, or high rainfall intensity, thus improving the performance of rainfall rate detection.

[0403] Optionally, the sensing measurement data includes at least one of the following:

[0404] Receive echo data matrix;

[0405] The total received power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time;

[0406] N within the sensing signal frame time m The total received echo power of N range-resolved units m It is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0407] Results of feature analysis of the threshold distance resolution unit;

[0408] The received echo power data is obtained after threshold distance resolution unit feature analysis and data preprocessing.

[0409] It is understandable that the sensing measurement data includes the results obtained from each step of the above-mentioned rainfall sensing process.

[0410] Optionally, the perception result includes at least one of the following:

[0411] The rainfall determination results corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam;

[0412] Detection results of rain / no rain distribution corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam;

[0413] The direction of each radiation beam corresponds to the rainfall rate distribution under rainy conditions.

[0414] Optionally, when the first communication device reports sensing measurement data, the first communication device also reports sensing assistance information, which includes:

[0415] Location information of the first communication device;

[0416] Sensing signal waveform configuration information;

[0417] Execution time of rainfall perception;

[0418] The direction of the radiation beam of the first communication device.

[0419] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0420] The first communication device acquires reference information about rainfall, and the reference information is used to determine the rainfall perception error of the first communication device.

[0421] The reference information can be obtained periodically or based on a trigger.

[0422] Optionally, the first communication device acquires reference information on rainfall, including:

[0423] Send a first request message to the second communication device, the first request message being used to request the acquisition of rainfall measurement data from a third-party site, receive the rainfall measurement data returned by the second communication device, and use the rainfall measurement data as the reference information;

[0424] or,

[0425] Rainfall measurement data is obtained through the rainfall measurement equipment equipped in the first communication device, and the rainfall measurement data is used as the reference information.

[0426] In other words, the method for obtaining the reference information may be:

[0427] 1) The first communication device is equipped with a dedicated rainfall measurement device to directly measure and obtain reference information on rainfall conditions. The dedicated rainfall measurement device includes, but is not limited to, a rain gauge.

[0428] 2) Reference information can be requested from third-party sites by the sensing function network element, and the reference information flows from AF to NEF and then to the sensing function network element;

[0429] The third-party sites include: weather stations, weather radar stations, and other sites with communication functions and equipped with dedicated rainfall measurement equipment;

[0430] Optionally, the request for reference information may be based on geographic location information.

[0431] Optionally, the sensing function network element schedules the first communication device to perform the rainfall sensing process as described in the foregoing embodiments, and the sensing target area covers the area corresponding to the reference information;

[0432] The first communication device reports the rainfall perception results to the sensing function network element. The sensing function network element combines the rainfall perception results reported by the first communication device with reference information to obtain the rainfall perception error of the first communication device.

[0433] The sensing network element sends rainfall perception error information to other sensing nodes within a certain area around the first communication device. This information is used by the other sensing nodes to correct their own rainfall perception errors, thereby improving the accuracy of rainfall perception.

[0434] In this embodiment, radar signal processing is performed using self-transmitted and self-received signals from mobile communication devices, combined with a rain attenuation model to detect rainfall conditions and rainfall rate distribution, exhibiting high temporal and spatial resolution. Furthermore, this embodiment proposes a threshold range resolution cell feature analysis for rainfall rate detection, followed by preprocessing of received echo power data from each range resolution cell and an iterative rain attenuation processing algorithm, which can improve the performance of rainfall rate detection.

[0435] Figure 8 This is a second schematic flowchart of the weather sensing method provided in the embodiments of this application, as shown below. Figure 8 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0436] Step 800: The second communication device receives the sensing demand information sent by the third communication device, wherein the sensing demand information is used to request weather sensing.

[0437] It should be noted that when a first application on a third communication device requests weather sensing or requests weather sensing for a specific area or the currently located area, the first application sends the weather sensing request to the application server it is connected to. Upon receiving the weather sensing request, the application server generates sensing requirement information and sends it to the second communication device. Alternatively, the first application sends the sensing requirement information to the application server it is connected to, and the application server forwards the sensing requirement information to the second communication device.

[0438] Step 801: The second communication device determines at least one first communication device for performing weather sensing based on the sensing requirement information;

[0439] Optionally, the second communication device selects at least one first communication device to perform rainfall perception based on the sensing area location information in the sensing requirement information or the pre-determined target area information.

[0440] Alternatively, the second communication device senses the demand information based on the received rainfall information, selects the first communication device to perform weather sensing, retrieves the baseline calibration data obtained during the calibration process, and sends the sensing demand information and baseline calibration data to the first communication device.

[0441] Step 802: The second communication device forwards the perceived demand information to the first communication device;

[0442] Step 803: The second communication device receives the sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device.

[0443] After receiving the sensing demand information, the first communication device performs a weather sensing task based on the information and reports the obtained sensing measurement data or results to the second communication device. The second communication device receives the sensing measurement data or results reported by the first communication device.

[0444] Figure 9 This is the third flowchart illustrating the weather sensing method provided in the embodiments of this application, as shown below. Figure 9 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0445] Step 900: The second communication device periodically receives the sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device.

[0446] Understandably, the first communication device periodically performs rainfall sensing actions triggered by a timer and obtains sensing measurement data or results. The second communication device then periodically receives the sensing measurement data or results reported by the first communication device.

[0447] In this embodiment, the second communication device selects the first communication device to perform weather sensing according to user needs and receives the sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device. Alternatively, the second communication device periodically receives the sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device, thereby realizing weather condition detection based on the self-sending and self-receiving of the communication device, which can meet the user's need to understand the weather conditions in real time.

[0448] Optionally, the perceived demand information includes at least one of the following:

[0449] Location information of the sensing area, used to indicate the location of the sensing area;

[0450] Spatial resolution, used to indicate the spatial granularity of the weather sensing;

[0451] Temporal resolution, used to indicate the temporal granularity of the weather sensing;

[0452] Perceive repeated configuration information, indicating configuration information regarding the repeated execution of weather perception.

[0453] Optionally, the perceived repetitive configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0454] Do not execute repeatedly;

[0455] Repeat execution within the first time frame;

[0456] Repeat the first cycle until the termination condition is met.

[0457] Optionally, the weather perception includes rainfall perception, wherein the rainfall perception includes at least one of the following: regional rain / no rain detection; rain / no rain distribution detection; rainfall rate distribution detection.

[0458] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0459] The sensing results reported by each of the first communication devices are fused to obtain the rainfall situation of the sensing area or target area;

[0460] The rainfall information of the sensing area or target area is sent to the third communication device via a server connected to the first application on the third communication device.

[0461] It is understandable that, for the perception results reported based on user needs, the second communication device will fuse the perception results reported by each of the first communication devices to obtain the rainfall situation in the perception area, such as the rainfall map and rainfall rate distribution map of the perception area.

[0462] For the periodically reported sensing results, the second communication device can fuse the sensing results of rainfall reported by all the first communication devices in a large target area (such as a province or a city) to obtain the rainfall situation in the target area, such as a rainfall map and a rainfall rate distribution map of the target area.

[0463] The second communication device sends the rainfall information of the sensing area or target area to the application server, which then sends it to the third communication device where the first application connected to the application server is located.

[0464] Optionally, before fusing the sensing results reported by each of the first communication devices, the method further includes:

[0465] The second communication device calculates the sensing result based on the sensing measurement data.

[0466] In some optional embodiments, the first communication device sends sensing measurement data to the second communication device, for example, a sensing function network element, and the second communication device calculates the sensing result based on the sensing measurement data.

[0467] The method by which the second communication device calculates the sensing result based on the sensing measurement data can refer to the various processes of the first communication device in sensing rainfall conditions, and will not be repeated here.

[0468] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0469] The second communication device acquires reference information about rainfall;

[0470] The second communication device determines the rainfall perception error of the first communication device based on the perception results and the reference information.

[0471] The second communication device sends the rainfall perception error of the first communication device to other sensing nodes within a certain area around the first communication device.

[0472] The reference information can be obtained periodically or based on a trigger.

[0473] Optionally, the second communication device requests rainfall measurement data from a third-party site based on a first request message sent by the first communication device, and uses the rainfall measurement data as the reference information.

[0474] Reference information ranges from AF to NEF and then to the second communication device.

[0475] The third-party sites include: weather stations, weather radar stations, and other sites with communication capabilities and equipped with dedicated rainfall measurement equipment.

[0476] Optionally, the second communication device acquires rainfall measurement data obtained by a dedicated rainfall measurement device equipped with the first communication device, and uses the rainfall measurement data as the reference information.

[0477] The dedicated rainfall measurement equipment includes, but is not limited to, rain gauges.

[0478] Optionally, the request for reference information may be based on geographic location information.

[0479] The first communication device reports the rainfall perception results to the second communication device. The second communication device combines the rainfall perception results reported by the first communication device with reference information to obtain the rainfall perception error of the first communication device.

[0480] The second communication device sends rainfall perception error information to other sensing nodes within a certain area around the first communication device. This information is used by the other sensing nodes to correct their own rainfall perception errors, thereby improving the accuracy of rainfall perception.

[0481] Optionally, the sensing measurement data includes at least one of the following:

[0482] Receive echo data matrix;

[0483] The total received power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time;

[0484] N within the sensing signal frame time m The total received echo power of N range-resolved units m It is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0485] Results of feature analysis of the threshold distance resolution unit;

[0486] The received echo power data is obtained after threshold distance resolution unit feature analysis and data preprocessing.

[0487] Optionally, the perception result includes at least one of the following:

[0488] The rainfall determination results corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam;

[0489] Detection results of rain / no rain distribution corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam;

[0490] The distribution of rainfall rate corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam under rainy conditions;

[0491] Optionally, when the first communication device reports sensing measurement data, the second communication device also receives sensing assistance information reported by the first communication device, the sensing assistance information including:

[0492] Location information of the first communication device;

[0493] Sensing signal waveform configuration information;

[0494] Execution time of rainfall perception;

[0495] The direction of the radiation beam of the first communication device.

[0496] Optionally, the first communication device is a terminal, a base station, or a Transmitter Point (TRP); the second communication device is a core network or a sensing function network element.

[0497] In this embodiment, radar signal processing is performed using self-transmitted and self-received signals from mobile communication devices, combined with a rain attenuation model to detect rainfall conditions and rainfall rate distribution, exhibiting high temporal and spatial resolution. Furthermore, this embodiment proposes a threshold range resolution cell feature analysis for rainfall rate detection, followed by preprocessing of received echo power data from each range resolution cell and an iterative rain attenuation processing algorithm, which can improve the performance of rainfall rate detection.

[0498] Figure 10 The fourth flowchart illustrates the weather sensing method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 10 As shown, this weather sensing method includes the following steps:

[0499] Step 1000: The third communication device receives the user's first input to the first application;

[0500] It is understandable that the first application refers to application services provided by third parties other than the core network and air interface. The first application can also be called a third-party application, including applications installed on smartphones, PCs and other smart devices.

[0501] The third communication device can be a terminal.

[0502] The third communication device receives a first input from the user to the first application, the first input being used to request weather sensing.

[0503] For example, the first input can be an operation on the target function of the first application. When the first communication device receives the first input, it knows that the user has requested weather sensing.

[0504] Step 1001: In response to the first input, the third communication device sends sensing demand information to the second communication device through the server connected to the first application;

[0505] The sensing demand information is used to request weather sensing.

[0506] Optionally, the perceived demand information includes at least one of the following:

[0507] Location information of the sensing area, used to indicate the location of the sensing area;

[0508] Spatial resolution, used to indicate the spatial granularity of the weather sensing;

[0509] Temporal resolution, used to indicate the temporal granularity of the weather sensing;

[0510] Perceive repeated configuration information, indicating configuration information regarding the repeated execution of weather perception.

[0511] Optionally, the perceived repetitive configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0512] Do not execute repeatedly;

[0513] Repeat execution within the first time frame;

[0514] Repeat the first cycle until the termination condition is met.

[0515] Optionally, the weather perception includes rainfall perception, wherein the rainfall perception includes at least one of the following: regional rain / no rain detection; rain / no rain distribution detection; rainfall rate distribution detection.

[0516] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0517] The third communication device receives rainfall information about the sensing area from the server connected to the first application.

[0518] In this embodiment, the third communication device responds to the user's input, sends the user's weather sensing request to the application server, and then the application server sends it to the second communication device. The second communication device then selects the first communication device to perform weather sensing, which can meet the user's need to know the weather conditions in real time.

[0519] The weather sensing method provided in this application can be executed by a weather sensing device. This application uses an example of a weather sensing device executing the weather sensing method to illustrate the weather sensing device provided in this application.

[0520] Figure 11 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the weather sensing device provided in the embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the weather sensing device 1100 includes:

[0521] The weather sensing module 1110 is used to perform weather sensing and obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results when the first condition is met.

[0522] The first transmitting module 1120 is used to report the sensing measurement data or sensing results to the second communication device;

[0523] The first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0524] The device receives sensing request information from the second communication device, the sensing request information being used to request weather sensing.

[0525] The perception cycle time has arrived.

[0526] In this embodiment, the weather sensing device performs weather sensing according to user needs or periodically, obtains sensing measurement data or sensing results, realizes weather condition detection based on communication equipment, and meets the user's need to know the weather conditions in real time.

[0527] Optionally, the perceived demand information includes at least one of the following:

[0528] Location information of the sensing area, used to indicate the location of the sensing area;

[0529] Spatial resolution, used to indicate the spatial granularity of the weather sensing;

[0530] Temporal resolution, used to indicate the temporal granularity of the weather sensing;

[0531] Perceive repeated configuration information, indicating configuration information regarding the repeated execution of weather perception.

[0532] Optionally, the perceived repetitive configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0533] Do not execute repeatedly;

[0534] Repeat execution within the first time frame;

[0535] Repeat the first cycle until the termination condition is met.

[0536] Optionally, the first communication device performs weather sensing to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results, including:

[0537] The first communication device transmits a first signal and receives an echo signal;

[0538] The first communication device processes the echo signal to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results.

[0539] Optionally, the weather perception includes rainfall perception, wherein the rainfall perception includes at least one of the following: regional rain / no rain detection; rain / no rain distribution detection; rainfall rate distribution detection.

[0540] Optionally, the step of performing weather sensing and obtaining sensing measurement data or sensing results includes:

[0541] Determine the beam pointing angle, and based on the beam pointing angle, transmit a first signal and receive an echo signal;

[0542] The echo signal is preprocessed to obtain the echo preprocessing result;

[0543] Based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, regional rain / no-rain conditions are detected and data preprocessed, and the rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results are output.

[0544] When the rainfall determination result indicates that there is rain, the rainfall rate distribution is obtained by detecting the rainfall rate distribution based on the wet aperture attenuation value.

[0545] Optionally, upon receiving sensing demand information from the second communication device, the weather sensing module 1110 is configured to:

[0546] Acquire baseline calibration data, which includes rainfall decision threshold and wet aperture attenuation value;

[0547] Based on the sensing area location information or the pre-determined target area information in the sensing demand information, and in combination with the location information of the first communication device, the beam pointing angle is determined.

[0548] Based on the beam pointing angle, a first signal is transmitted and an echo signal is received;

[0549] The echo signal is preprocessed to obtain the echo preprocessing result;

[0550] Based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, regional rain / no-rain conditions are detected and data preprocessed, and rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results are output.

[0551] If the rainfall determination result indicates that there is rain, a rainfall rate distribution detection process is executed based on the wet aperture attenuation value to obtain the radial rainfall rate distribution within the maximum coverage range of the first communication device, with the radar detection range resolution as the resolution unit. The rainfall rate distribution at each position on the horizontal plane is then projected according to the angle between the radiation beam and the horizontal plane.

[0552] If the first communication device cannot completely cover the sensing area with one beam dwell, the beam pointing angle is adjusted to perform the next beam dwell to sense the rainfall situation until the sensing area is completely covered, and a rainfall map and a rainfall rate distribution map are obtained within the sensing area.

[0553] In this embodiment of the application, a specific process for sensing rainfall conditions is given for the integrated sensing scenario. The first communication device senses rainfall conditions according to user needs and reports the sensing measurement data or sensing results, realizing the self-transmission and self-reception of rainfall conditions detection based on the communication device, which can meet the user's need to understand the rainfall conditions in real time.

[0554] Optionally, when the sensing cycle time arrives, the weather sensing module 1110 is configured to:

[0555] Acquire baseline calibration data, which includes rainfall decision threshold and wet aperture attenuation value;

[0556] Based on the azimuth width of the radiating antenna beam, a first signal is transmitted and an echo signal is received.

[0557] The echo signal is preprocessed to obtain the echo preprocessing result;

[0558] Based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, regional rain / no-rain conditions are detected and data preprocessed, and rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results are output.

[0559] If the rainfall determination result indicates that there is rain, a rainfall rate distribution detection process is executed based on the wet aperture attenuation value to obtain the radial rainfall rate distribution within the maximum coverage range of the first communication device, with the radar detection range resolution as the resolution unit. The rainfall rate distribution at each position on the horizontal plane is then projected according to the angle between the radiation beam and the horizontal plane.

[0560] After completing the rainfall detection at one angle, the current beam pointing is stopped, the beam pointing is shifted by an angle of one azimuth width, and the rainfall detection of the next angular sector area is carried out until the maximum allowable angle range of azimuth coverage is reached, and the rainfall detection of the current cycle ends.

[0561] The rainfall perception results from each beam are fused to obtain a rainfall map and a rainfall rate distribution map within a circular area centered on the first communication device and with the maximum coverage distance of the first communication device as the radius.

[0562] In this embodiment of the application, a specific process for sensing rainfall conditions is given for the integrated sensing scenario. The first communication device periodically senses rainfall conditions and reports the sensing measurement data or sensing results, realizing the detection of rainfall conditions based on the self-transmission and self-reception of the communication device, which can meet the user's need to understand the rainfall conditions in real time.

[0563] Optionally, the rainfall decision threshold is obtained through the following calibration method:

[0564] The first signal was transmitted and the echo was received under clear weather and light rain weather conditions, respectively, and N was obtained within a sensing signal frame time. p ×N m A first data matrix and a second data matrix of size N, wherein each row of the first data matrix or the second data matrix is ​​N m Each value represents the power of the received echo at each range resolution unit within one sensing signal cycle, and each column N... p The value represents the received echo power of a range resolution unit during different sensing signal periods, N. p N is a positive integer greater than 1. m It is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0565] The first total received power and the second total received power at each range resolution unit within a sensing signal frame time are obtained by summing each column of the first data matrix and the second data matrix respectively.

[0566] Repeat N b For each sensing signal frame, the first average value and the second average value of the received echo power of each range resolution unit within a first time length are obtained, wherein the first time length includes N. b N sensing signal frames b It is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0567] The first average value of the received echo power of each distance resolution unit within the first time length is summed to obtain the third average value of the total received echo power within the first time length. The second average value of the received echo power of each distance resolution unit within the first time length is summed to obtain the fourth average value of the total received echo power within the first time length.

[0568] A first decision threshold is obtained based on the third average value and the fourth average value of the total received echo power within the first time length, wherein the first decision threshold is used to make a rain / no rain decision on the total received echo power within the sensing signal frame time.

[0569] A second decision threshold is obtained based on the first average value and the second average value of the received echo power of each range resolution unit within the first time length, wherein the second decision threshold is used to make a decision on the received echo power of each range resolution unit.

[0570] Optionally, the first signal includes one of the following:

[0571] The dominant signal in communication;

[0572] Perceive the dominant signal;

[0573] Perception-enhanced communication is the dominant signal;

[0574] Communication perception integrated signal;

[0575] The waveform of the first signal is a continuous wave waveform or a pulse waveform.

[0576] Optionally, the preprocessing of the echo signal to obtain the echo preprocessing result includes:

[0577] In each sensing signal cycle, the echo signal received by the first communication device is subjected to matched filtering processing;

[0578] The maximum detection range of the first communication device is divided into N. m Each distance resolution unit acquires the received echo power of the echo signal in each distance resolution unit within each sensing signal period, and generates a received echo data matrix.

[0579] Summing each column of the received echo data matrix yields a 1×N matrix. m The vector represents the total received power of each range resolution unit within a sensing signal frame time;

[0580] The total received power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time is summed to obtain N within the sensing signal frame time. m Total received echo power of each range resolution unit;

[0581] The sensing signal frame includes N p A sensing signal cycle, wherein the sensing signal cycle is the cycle of transmitting a first signal once and performing echo signal processing;

[0582] The received echo data matrix is ​​an N p ×Nm The matrix, N p N is a positive integer greater than 1. m It is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0583] Optionally, the step of detecting and preprocessing regional rain / no-rain conditions based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, and outputting rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results, includes:

[0584] Based on the first decision threshold, N is processed within the sensing signal frame time. m The total power of the received echoes from each range resolution unit is used to determine whether there is rain or no rain, and the first decision result is obtained.

[0585] If the first decision result is rain, the received echo power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time is determined based on the second decision threshold to obtain the decision result of the received echo power of each range resolution unit.

[0586] The decision results of the received echo power of each range resolution unit are statistically analyzed, and the number of range resolution units that have exceeded the threshold is analyzed based on the statistical results, and the rainfall decision results are output.

[0587] If the proportion of the number of distance resolution units that have exceeded the threshold to the total number of distance resolution units exceeds a first threshold, feature analysis of the distance resolution units that have exceeded the threshold is performed, and the results of the feature analysis of the distance resolution units that have exceeded the threshold are preprocessed to output the rain / no rain distribution detection results.

[0588] Optionally, when the proportion of the number of distance resolution units exceeding the threshold to the total number of distance resolution units exceeds a first threshold, threshold-crossing distance resolution unit feature analysis is performed, and the results of the threshold-crossing distance resolution unit feature analysis are preprocessed to output rain / no-rain distribution detection results, including:

[0589] Starting from the first threshold-crossing range resolution cell, all range resolution cells are divided into blocks and gaps for statistical analysis. Blocks represent rain, and gaps represent no rain, resulting in N. B Block and N G There are N gaps, each containing a certain number of range-resolved units. B N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. G It is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0590] For the i-th block, if the number of range-resolved units contained in the i-th block is 1, and the number of range-resolved units contained in the two adjacent gaps satisfies the first preset condition, the decision result of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th block is modified to not exceed the threshold, and the i-th block and the two adjacent gaps are merged into a new gap, and the received echo power value of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th block is modified to the average value of the received echo power of all range-resolved units in the two adjacent gaps;

[0591] For the i-th gap, if the number of range-resolved units contained in the i-th gap is 1, and the number of range-resolved units contained in the two adjacent blocks satisfies the first preset condition, the decision result of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th gap is modified to pass the threshold, and the i-th gap and the two adjacent blocks are merged into a new block, and the received echo power value of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th gap is modified to the average value of the received echo power of all range-resolved units in the two adjacent blocks;

[0592] Output the Block set and the Gap set;

[0593] Where i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1;

[0594] When the i-th block is the first block, only the first gap after it is considered; when the i-th block is the last block, only the gap before it is considered.

[0595] When the i-th gap is the first gap, only the first block following it is considered; when the i-th gap is the last gap, only the block preceding it is considered.

[0596] Optionally, when the rainfall determination result indicates rain, the rainfall rate distribution detection process is performed based on the wet aperture attenuation value, including:

[0597] Based on the received echo power data obtained after threshold range resolution unit feature analysis and data preprocessing, and the wet aperture attenuation value, the volume scattering rate of each threshold range resolution unit is calculated.

[0598] Based on the Rayleigh scattering model and the volume scattering rate of each threshold range-resolved cell, the scattering rate factor of each threshold range-resolved cell is obtained.

[0599] Based on the scattering rate factor of each threshold distance resolution unit, and based on the relationship between the scattering rate factor and the rainfall rate, the rainfall rate of each threshold distance resolution unit is obtained.

[0600] By combining the rainfall rate of each threshold distance resolution unit, the rainfall rate distribution of the current beam pointing under rainy conditions is obtained.

[0601] Optionally, when the rainfall determination result indicates rain, the rainfall rate distribution detection process is performed based on the wet aperture attenuation value, including:

[0602] Based on the rainfall rate from the first threshold distance resolution unit to the (i-1)th threshold distance resolution unit, and the relationship between rain attenuation and rainfall rate, the rain attenuation during the echo signal of the i-th threshold distance resolution unit is obtained, where i is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0603] Based on the rain attenuation along the way of the echo signal of the i-th threshold range resolution unit, the received echo power data of the i-th threshold range resolution unit and the wet aperture attenuation value, the volume scattering rate of the i-th threshold range resolution unit is calculated.

[0604] Based on the Rayleigh scattering model and the volume scattering rate of the i-th cross-threshold range-resolving unit, the scattering rate factor of the i-th cross-threshold range-resolving unit is obtained.

[0605] The rainfall rate of the i-th threshold distance resolution unit is obtained based on the scattering rate factor of the i-th threshold distance resolution unit and the relationship between the scattering rate factor and the rainfall rate.

[0606] Increment i by one to calculate the rainfall rate of the next threshold distance resolution cell, and continue until the rainfall rates of all threshold distance resolution cells are obtained;

[0607] By combining the rainfall rates of all the threshold distance resolution units, the rainfall rate distribution of the current beam pointing under rainy conditions is obtained;

[0608] The rainfall rate of the first threshold distance resolution unit is calculated without considering rainfall attenuation during the journey.

[0609] The weather sensing device proposed in this application obtains the rainfall rate and rainfall rate distribution along the detection path based on the received echo power and Rayleigh scattering scattering rate factor model at each distance resolution unit, and has the following beneficial effects:

[0610] ① A joint rain / no-rain discrimination method based on the total received echo power and the received echo power of each range resolution unit is proposed, which can accurately detect whether it is raining;

[0611] ② Based on the coherent superposition of periodic echoes of multiple sensing signals within the sensing signal frame to improve the detection signal-to-noise ratio, a method is proposed to preprocess the received echo power data of each range resolution unit based on the feature analysis of the range resolution unit beyond the threshold, which can improve the accuracy of rainfall rate distribution detection.

[0612] ③ Considering the impact of rain attenuation on rainfall rate measurement, an iterative rain attenuation processing algorithm is proposed, which is particularly suitable for scenarios with high carrier frequency, long path, or high rainfall intensity, thus improving the performance of rainfall rate detection.

[0613] Optionally, the sensing measurement data includes at least one of the following:

[0614] Receive echo data matrix;

[0615] The total received power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time;

[0616] N within the sensing signal frame time m The total received echo power of N range-resolved units m It is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0617] Results of feature analysis of the threshold distance resolution unit;

[0618] The received echo power data is obtained after threshold distance resolution unit feature analysis and data preprocessing.

[0619] Optionally, the perception result includes at least one of the following:

[0620] The rainfall determination results corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam;

[0621] Detection results of rain / no rain distribution corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam;

[0622] The distribution of rainfall rate corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam under rainy conditions;

[0623] Optionally, when the first communication device reports sensing measurement data, the apparatus further includes:

[0624] A perception assistance information sending module is used to report perception assistance information to the second communication device, wherein the perception assistance information includes:

[0625] Location information of the first communication device;

[0626] Sensing signal waveform configuration information;

[0627] Execution time of rainfall perception;

[0628] The direction of the radiation beam of the first communication device.

[0629] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0630] The first acquisition module is used to acquire reference information on rainfall conditions, and the reference information is used to determine the rainfall perception error of the first communication device.

[0631] Optionally, the reference information for obtaining rainfall conditions includes:

[0632] Send a first request message to the second communication device, the first request message being used to request the acquisition of rainfall measurement data from a third-party site, receive the rainfall measurement data returned by the second communication device, and use the rainfall measurement data as the reference information;

[0633] or,

[0634] Rainfall measurement data is obtained through the rainfall measurement equipment equipped in the first communication device, and the rainfall measurement data is used as the reference information.

[0635] Optionally, the first communication device is a terminal, a base station, or a Transmitter Point (TRP); the second communication device is a core network or a sensing function network element.

[0636] In this embodiment, radar signal processing is performed using self-transmitted and self-received signals from mobile communication devices, combined with a rain attenuation model to detect rainfall conditions and rainfall rate distribution, exhibiting high temporal and spatial resolution. Furthermore, this embodiment proposes a threshold range resolution cell feature analysis for rainfall rate detection, followed by preprocessing of received echo power data from each range resolution cell and an iterative rain attenuation processing algorithm, which can improve the performance of rainfall rate detection.

[0637] The weather sensing device in this application embodiment can be a communication device, such as a communication device with an operating system, or a component in a communication device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip. The communication device can be a terminal or other devices besides a terminal. For example, the communication device can include, but is not limited to, the type of terminal 11 listed above; other devices can be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., and this application embodiment does not specifically limit the specific devices.

[0638] The weather sensing device provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figures 4 to 7 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0639] Figure 12 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the weather sensing device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 12 As shown, the weather sensing device 1200 includes:

[0640] The first receiving module 1210 is used to receive sensing demand information sent by the third communication device, wherein the sensing demand information is used to request weather sensing.

[0641] Selection module 1220 is used to determine at least one first communication device for performing weather sensing based on the sensing requirement information;

[0642] The second sending module 1230 is used to forward the perceived demand information to the first communication device;

[0643] The second receiving module 1240 is used to receive the sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device.

[0644] Figure 13 This is the third schematic diagram of the weather sensing device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 13 As shown, the weather sensing device 1300 includes:

[0645] The third receiving module 1310 is used to periodically receive sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device.

[0646] In this embodiment of the application, the weather sensing device selects a first communication device to perform weather sensing according to user needs and receives the sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device. Alternatively, the second communication device periodically receives the sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device, thereby realizing weather condition detection based on the self-sending and self-receiving of the communication device, which can meet the user's need to understand the weather conditions in real time.

[0647] Optionally, the perceived demand information includes at least one of the following:

[0648] Location information of the sensing area, used to indicate the location of the sensing area;

[0649] Spatial resolution, used to indicate the spatial granularity of the weather sensing;

[0650] Temporal resolution, used to indicate the temporal granularity of the weather sensing;

[0651] Perceive repeated configuration information, indicating configuration information regarding the repeated execution of weather perception.

[0652] Optionally, the perceived repetitive configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0653] Do not execute repeatedly;

[0654] Repeat execution within the first time frame;

[0655] Repeat the first cycle until the termination condition is met.

[0656] Optionally, the weather perception includes rainfall perception, wherein the rainfall perception includes at least one of the following: regional rain / no rain detection; rain / no rain distribution detection; rainfall rate distribution detection.

[0657] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0658] The fusion processing module is used to fuse the sensing results reported by each of the first communication devices to obtain the rainfall situation of the sensing area or target area.

[0659] The third sending module is used to send the rainfall information of the sensing area or target area to the third communication device through the server connected to the first application on the third communication device.

[0660] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0661] The perception calculation module is used to calculate the perception result based on the perception measurement data.

[0662] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0663] The second acquisition module is used to acquire reference information about rainfall.

[0664] The perception error determination module is used to determine the rainfall perception error of the first communication device based on the perception result and the reference information.

[0665] The fourth sending module is used to send the rainfall perception error of the first communication device to other sensing nodes within a certain area around the first communication device.

[0666] Optionally, the sensing measurement data includes at least one of the following:

[0667] Receive echo data matrix;

[0668] The total received power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time;

[0669] N within the sensing signal frame time m The total received echo power of N range-resolved units m It is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0670] Results of feature analysis of the threshold distance resolution unit;

[0671] The received echo power data is obtained after threshold distance resolution unit feature analysis and data preprocessing.

[0672] Optionally, the perception result includes at least one of the following:

[0673] The rainfall determination results corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam;

[0674] Detection results of rain / no rain distribution corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam;

[0675] The distribution of rainfall rate corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam under rainy conditions;

[0676] Optionally, when the first communication device reports sensing measurement data, the apparatus further includes:

[0677] The fourth receiving module is configured to receive sensing assistance information reported by the first communication device, wherein the sensing assistance information includes:

[0678] Location information of the first communication device;

[0679] Sensing signal waveform configuration information;

[0680] Execution time of rainfall perception;

[0681] The direction of the radiation beam of the first communication device.

[0682] Optionally, the first communication device is a terminal, a base station, or a Transmitter Point (TRP); the second communication device is a core network or a sensing function network element.

[0683] In this embodiment, radar signal processing is performed using self-transmitted and self-received signals from mobile communication devices, combined with a rain attenuation model to detect rainfall conditions and rainfall rate distribution, exhibiting high temporal and spatial resolution. Furthermore, this embodiment proposes a threshold range resolution cell feature analysis for rainfall rate detection, followed by preprocessing of received echo power data from each range resolution cell and an iterative rain attenuation processing algorithm, which can improve the performance of rainfall rate detection.

[0684] The weather sensing device in this application embodiment can be a communication device, such as a communication device with an operating system, or a component in a communication device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip. The communication device can be a terminal or other devices besides a terminal. For example, the communication device can include, but is not limited to, the type of terminal 11 listed above; other devices can be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., and this application embodiment does not specifically limit the specific devices.

[0685] The weather sensing device provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figures 8 to 9 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0686] Figure 14This is the fourth schematic diagram of the weather sensing device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 14 As shown, the weather sensing device 1400 includes:

[0687] The fourth receiving module 1410 is used to receive the user's first input to the first application;

[0688] The first processing module 1420 is used to respond to the first input and send sensing demand information to the second communication device through the server connected to the first application;

[0689] The sensing demand information is used to request weather sensing.

[0690] Optionally, the perceived demand information includes at least one of the following:

[0691] Location information of the sensing area, used to indicate the location of the sensing area;

[0692] Spatial resolution, used to indicate the spatial granularity of the weather sensing;

[0693] Temporal resolution, used to indicate the temporal granularity of the weather sensing;

[0694] Perceive repeated configuration information, indicating configuration information regarding the repeated execution of weather perception.

[0695] Optionally, the perceived repetitive configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0696] Do not execute repeatedly;

[0697] Repeat execution within the first time frame;

[0698] Repeat the first cycle until the termination condition is met.

[0699] Optionally, the weather perception includes rainfall perception, wherein the rainfall perception includes at least one of the following: regional rain / no rain detection; rain / no rain distribution detection; rainfall rate distribution detection.

[0700] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0701] The fifth receiving module is used to receive rainfall information of the sensing area sent by the server connected to the first application.

[0702] In this embodiment, the weather sensing device responds to the user's input, sends the user's weather sensing request to the application server, and then the application server sends it to the second communication device. The second communication device selects the first communication device to perform weather sensing, which can meet the user's need to know the weather conditions in real time.

[0703] The weather sensing device in this application embodiment can be a communication device, such as a communication device with an operating system, or a component in a communication device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip. The communication device can be a terminal or other devices besides a terminal. For example, the communication device can include, but is not limited to, the type of terminal 11 listed above; other devices can be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., and this application embodiment does not specifically limit the specific devices.

[0704] The weather sensing device provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 10 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0705] Optional, such as Figure 15 As shown in the illustration, this application also provides a communication device 1500, including a processor 1501 and a memory 1502. The memory 1502 stores a program or instructions that can run on the processor 1501. For example, when the communication device 1500 is a first communication device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1501 implement the various steps of the weather sensing method embodiment on the first communication device side, and achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 1500 is a second communication device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1501 implement the various steps of the weather sensing method embodiment on the second communication device side, and achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 1500 is a third communication device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1501 implement the various steps of the weather sensing method embodiment on the third communication device side, and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, further details are omitted here.

[0706] This application embodiment also provides a first communication device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used to perform weather sensing and obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results when a first condition is met; the communication interface is used to report the sensing measurement data or sensing results to a second communication device; wherein the first condition includes at least one of the following: receiving sensing request information from the second communication device, the sensing request information being used to request weather sensing; and the sensing cycle time arriving. This first communication device embodiment corresponds to the above-described first communication device-side method embodiment, and all implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiments can be applied to this first communication device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0707] This application embodiment also provides a second communication device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to receive sensing request information sent by a third communication device, wherein the sensing request information is used to request weather sensing; the processor is used to determine at least one first communication device for performing weather sensing based on the sensing request information; the communication interface is also used to forward the sensing request information to the first communication device; the communication interface is also used to receive sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device; or, the communication interface is used to periodically receive sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device. This second communication device embodiment corresponds to the above-described second communication device method embodiment, and all implementation processes and methods of the above method embodiments can be applied to this second communication device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0708] This application also provides a third communication device, including a processor and a communication interface. The processor receives a first input from a user to a first application, and in response to the first input, sends sensing demand information to a second communication device via a server connected to the first application. This third communication device embodiment corresponds to the above-described third communication device-side method embodiment. All implementation processes and methods of the above method embodiments can be applied to this third communication device embodiment and achieve the same technical effects.

[0709] Specifically, Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal according to an embodiment of this application. The terminal 1600 can be a first communication device or a third communication device;

[0710] The terminal 1600 includes, but is not limited to, at least some of the following components: radio frequency unit 1601, network module 1602, audio output unit 1603, input unit 1604, sensor 1605, display unit 1606, user input unit 1607, interface unit 1608, memory 1609, and processor 1610.

[0711] Those skilled in the art will understand that the communication device 1600 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components. The power supply may be logically connected to the processor x 10 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as managing charging, discharging, and power consumption through the power management system. Figure 16 The communication device structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the communication device. The communication device may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0712] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the input unit 1604 may include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 16041 and a microphone 16042. The GPU 16041 processes image data of still images or videos obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in video capture mode or image capture mode. The display unit 1606 may include a display panel 16061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 1607 includes at least one of a touch panel 16071 and other input devices 16072. The touch panel 16071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 16071 may include a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 16072 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control buttons, power buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, joysticks, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0713] In this embodiment, after receiving downlink data from the network-side device, the radio frequency unit 1601 can transmit it to the processor 1610 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 1601 can send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 1601 includes, but is not limited to, antennas, amplifiers, transceivers, couplers, low-noise amplifiers, duplexers, etc.

[0714] The memory 1609 can be used to store software programs or instructions, as well as various data. The memory 1609 may primarily include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data. The first storage area may store the operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as sound playback, image playback, etc.). Furthermore, the memory 1609 may include volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or both. The non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 1609 in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0715] Processor 1610 may include one or more processing units; optionally, processor 1610 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles operations involving the operating system, user interface, and applications, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the aforementioned modem processor may also not be integrated into processor 1610.

[0716] The processor 1610 is used to perform weather sensing and obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results when the first condition is met.

[0717] Radio frequency unit 1601 is used to report the sensing measurement data or sensing results to the second communication device;

[0718] The first condition includes at least one of the following: receiving sensing demand information from the second communication device, the sensing demand information being used to request weather sensing; and the sensing cycle time arriving.

[0719] In this embodiment of the application, the first communication device performs weather sensing according to user needs or periodically, and obtains sensing measurement data or sensing results, thereby realizing weather condition detection based on the communication device's self-transmission and self-reception, and meeting the user's need to know the weather conditions in real time.

[0720] Optionally, the perceived demand information includes at least one of the following:

[0721] Location information of the sensing area, used to indicate the location of the sensing area;

[0722] Spatial resolution, used to indicate the spatial granularity of the weather sensing;

[0723] Temporal resolution, used to indicate the temporal granularity of the weather sensing;

[0724] Perceive repeated configuration information, indicating configuration information regarding the repeated execution of weather perception.

[0725] Optionally, the perceived repetitive configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0726] Do not execute repeatedly;

[0727] Repeat execution within the first time frame;

[0728] Repeat the first cycle until the termination condition is met.

[0729] Optionally, the first communication device performs weather sensing to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results, including:

[0730] The first communication device transmits a first signal and receives an echo signal;

[0731] The first communication device processes the echo signal to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results.

[0732] Optionally, the weather perception includes rainfall perception, wherein the rainfall perception includes at least one of the following: regional rain / no rain detection; rain / no rain distribution detection; rainfall rate distribution detection.

[0733] Optionally, the first communication device performs weather sensing to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results, including:

[0734] Determine the beam pointing angle, and based on the beam pointing angle, transmit a first signal and receive an echo signal;

[0735] The echo signal is preprocessed to obtain the echo preprocessing result;

[0736] Based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, regional rain / no-rain conditions are detected and data preprocessed, and the rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results are output.

[0737] When the rainfall determination result indicates that there is rain, the rainfall rate distribution is obtained by detecting the rainfall rate distribution based on the wet aperture attenuation value.

[0738] Optionally, upon receiving sensing demand information from the second communication device, the processor 1610 is configured to:

[0739] Acquire baseline calibration data, which includes rainfall decision threshold and wet aperture attenuation value;

[0740] Based on the sensing area location information or the pre-determined target area information in the sensing demand information, and in combination with the location information of the first communication device, the beam pointing angle is determined.

[0741] Based on the beam pointing angle, a first signal is transmitted and an echo signal is received;

[0742] The echo signal is preprocessed to obtain the echo preprocessing result;

[0743] Based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, regional rain / no-rain conditions are detected and data preprocessed, and rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results are output.

[0744] If the rainfall determination result indicates that there is rain, a rainfall rate distribution detection process is executed based on the wet aperture attenuation value to obtain the radial rainfall rate distribution within the maximum coverage range of the first communication device, with the radar detection range resolution as the resolution unit. The rainfall rate distribution at each position on the horizontal plane is then projected according to the angle between the radiation beam and the horizontal plane.

[0745] If the first communication device cannot completely cover the sensing area with one beam dwell, the beam pointing angle is adjusted to perform the next beam dwell to sense the rainfall situation until the sensing area is completely covered, and a rainfall map and a rainfall rate distribution map are obtained within the sensing area.

[0746] In this embodiment of the application, a specific process for sensing rainfall conditions is given for the integrated sensing scenario. The first communication device senses rainfall conditions according to user needs and reports the sensing measurement data or sensing results, realizing the self-transmission and self-reception of rainfall conditions detection based on the communication device, which can meet the user's need to understand the rainfall conditions in real time.

[0747] Optionally, when the sensing cycle time arrives, the processor 1610 is configured to:

[0748] Acquire baseline calibration data, which includes rainfall decision threshold and wet aperture attenuation value;

[0749] Based on the azimuth width of the radiating antenna beam, a first signal is transmitted and an echo signal is received.

[0750] The echo signal is preprocessed to obtain the echo preprocessing result;

[0751] Based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, regional rain / no-rain conditions are detected and data preprocessed, and rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results are output.

[0752] If the rainfall determination result indicates that there is rain, a rainfall rate distribution detection process is executed based on the wet aperture attenuation value to obtain the radial rainfall rate distribution within the maximum coverage range of the first communication device, with the radar detection range resolution as the resolution unit. The rainfall rate distribution at each position on the horizontal plane is then projected according to the angle between the radiation beam and the horizontal plane.

[0753] After completing the rainfall detection at one angle, the current beam pointing is stopped, the beam pointing is shifted by an angle of one azimuth width, and the rainfall detection of the next angular sector area is carried out until the maximum allowable angle range of azimuth coverage is reached, and the rainfall detection of the current cycle ends.

[0754] The rainfall perception results from each beam are fused to obtain a rainfall map and a rainfall rate distribution map within a circular area centered on the first communication device and with the maximum coverage distance of the first communication device as the radius.

[0755] In this embodiment of the application, a specific process for sensing rainfall conditions is given for the integrated sensing scenario. The first communication device periodically senses rainfall conditions and reports the sensing measurement data or sensing results, realizing the detection of rainfall conditions based on the self-transmission and self-reception of the communication device, which can meet the user's need to understand the rainfall conditions in real time.

[0756] Optionally, the rainfall decision threshold is obtained through the following calibration method:

[0757] The first signal was transmitted and the echo was received under clear weather and light rain weather conditions, respectively, and N was obtained within a sensing signal frame time. p ×N m A first data matrix and a second data matrix of size N, wherein each row of the first data matrix or the second data matrix is ​​N mEach value represents the power of the received echo at each range resolution unit within one sensing signal cycle, and each column N... p The value represents the received echo power of a range resolution unit during different sensing signal periods, N. p N is a positive integer greater than 1. m It is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0758] The first total received power and the second total received power at each range resolution unit within a sensing signal frame time are obtained by summing each column of the first data matrix and the second data matrix respectively.

[0759] Repeat N b For each sensing signal frame, the first average value and the second average value of the received echo power of each range resolution unit within a first time length are obtained, wherein the first time length includes N. b N sensing signal frames b It is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0760] The first average value of the received echo power of each distance resolution unit within the first time length is summed to obtain the third average value of the total received echo power within the first time length. The second average value of the received echo power of each distance resolution unit within the first time length is summed to obtain the fourth average value of the total received echo power within the first time length.

[0761] A first decision threshold is obtained based on the third average value and the fourth average value of the total received echo power within the first time length, wherein the first decision threshold is used to make a rain / no rain decision on the total received echo power within the sensing signal frame time.

[0762] A second decision threshold is obtained based on the first average value and the second average value of the received echo power of each range resolution unit within the first time length, wherein the second decision threshold is used to make a decision on the received echo power of each range resolution unit.

[0763] Optionally, the first signal includes one of the following:

[0764] The dominant signal in communication;

[0765] Perceive the dominant signal;

[0766] Perception-enhanced communication is the dominant signal;

[0767] Communication perception integrated signal;

[0768] The waveform of the first signal is a continuous wave waveform or a pulse waveform.

[0769] Optionally, the preprocessing of the echo signal to obtain the echo preprocessing result includes:

[0770] In each sensing signal cycle, the echo signal received by the first communication device is subjected to matched filtering processing;

[0771] The maximum detection range of the first communication device is divided into N. m Each distance resolution unit acquires the received echo power of the echo signal in each distance resolution unit within each sensing signal period, and generates a received echo data matrix.

[0772] Summing each column of the received echo data matrix yields a 1×N matrix. m The vector represents the total received power of each range resolution unit within a sensing signal frame time;

[0773] The total received power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time is summed to obtain N within the sensing signal frame time. m Total received echo power of each range resolution unit;

[0774] The sensing signal frame includes N p A sensing signal cycle, wherein the sensing signal cycle is the cycle of transmitting a first signal once and performing echo signal processing;

[0775] The received echo data matrix is ​​an N p ×N m The matrix, N p N is a positive integer greater than 1. m It is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0776] Optionally, the step of detecting and preprocessing regional rain / no-rain conditions based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, and outputting rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results, includes:

[0777] Based on the first decision threshold, N is processed within the sensing signal frame time. m The total power of the received echoes from each range resolution unit is used to determine whether there is rain or no rain, and the first decision result is obtained.

[0778] If the first decision result is rain, the received echo power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time is determined based on the second decision threshold to obtain the decision result of the received echo power of each range resolution unit.

[0779] The decision results of the received echo power of each range resolution unit are statistically analyzed, and the number of range resolution units that have passed the threshold is analyzed based on the statistical results, and the rainfall decision results are output.

[0780] If the proportion of the number of distance resolution units that have exceeded the threshold to the total number of distance resolution units exceeds a first threshold, feature analysis of the distance resolution units that have exceeded the threshold is performed, and the results of the feature analysis of the distance resolution units that have exceeded the threshold are preprocessed to output the rain / no rain distribution detection results.

[0781] Optionally, when the proportion of the number of distance resolution units exceeding the threshold to the total number of distance resolution units exceeds a first threshold, threshold-crossing distance resolution unit feature analysis is performed, and the results of the threshold-crossing distance resolution unit feature analysis are preprocessed to output rain / no-rain distribution detection results, including:

[0782] Starting from the first threshold-crossing range resolution cell, all range resolution cells are divided into blocks and gaps for statistical analysis. Blocks represent rain, and gaps represent no rain, resulting in N. B Block and N G There are N gaps, each containing a certain number of range-resolved units. B N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. G It is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0783] For the i-th block, if the number of range-resolved units contained in the i-th block is 1, and the number of range-resolved units contained in the two adjacent gaps satisfies the first preset condition, the decision result of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th block is modified to not exceed the threshold, and the i-th block and the two adjacent gaps are merged into a new gap, and the received echo power value of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th block is modified to the average value of the received echo power of all range-resolved units in the two adjacent gaps;

[0784] For the i-th gap, if the number of range-resolved units contained in the i-th gap is 1, and the number of range-resolved units contained in the two adjacent blocks satisfies the first preset condition, the decision result of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th gap is modified to pass the threshold, and the i-th gap and the two adjacent blocks are merged into a new block, and the received echo power value of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th gap is modified to the average value of the received echo power of all range-resolved units in the two adjacent blocks;

[0785] Output the Block set and the Gap set;

[0786] Where i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1;

[0787] When the i-th block is the first block, only the first gap after it is considered; when the i-th block is the last block, only the gap before it is considered.

[0788] When the i-th gap is the first gap, only the first block following it is considered; when the i-th gap is the last gap, only the block preceding it is considered.

[0789] Optionally, when the rainfall determination result indicates rain, the rainfall rate distribution detection process is performed based on the wet aperture attenuation value, including:

[0790] Based on the received echo power data obtained after threshold range resolution unit feature analysis and data preprocessing, and the wet aperture attenuation value, the volume scattering rate of each threshold range resolution unit is calculated.

[0791] Based on the Rayleigh scattering model and the volume scattering rate of each threshold range-resolved cell, the scattering rate factor of each threshold range-resolved cell is obtained.

[0792] Based on the scattering rate factor of each threshold distance resolution unit, and based on the relationship between the scattering rate factor and the rainfall rate, the rainfall rate of each threshold distance resolution unit is obtained.

[0793] By combining the rainfall rate of each threshold distance resolution unit, the rainfall rate distribution of the current beam pointing under rainy conditions is obtained.

[0794] Optionally, when the rainfall determination result indicates rain, the rainfall rate distribution detection process is performed based on the wet aperture attenuation value, including:

[0795] Based on the rainfall rate from the first threshold distance resolution unit to the (i-1)th threshold distance resolution unit, and the relationship between rain attenuation and rainfall rate, the rain attenuation during the echo signal of the i-th threshold distance resolution unit is obtained, where i is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0796] Based on the rain attenuation along the way of the echo signal of the i-th threshold range resolution unit, the received echo power data of the i-th threshold range resolution unit and the wet aperture attenuation value, the volume scattering rate of the i-th threshold range resolution unit is calculated.

[0797] Based on the Rayleigh scattering model and the volume scattering rate of the i-th cross-threshold range-resolving unit, the scattering rate factor of the i-th cross-threshold range-resolving unit is obtained.

[0798] The rainfall rate of the i-th threshold distance resolution unit is obtained based on the scattering rate factor of the i-th threshold distance resolution unit and the relationship between the scattering rate factor and the rainfall rate.

[0799] Increment i by one to calculate the rainfall rate of the next threshold distance resolution cell, and continue until the rainfall rates of all threshold distance resolution cells are obtained;

[0800] By combining the rainfall rates of all the threshold distance resolution units, the rainfall rate distribution of the current beam pointing under rainy conditions is obtained;

[0801] The rainfall rate of the first threshold distance resolution unit is calculated without considering rainfall attenuation during the journey.

[0802] The broadband radar range-resolved echo signal processing algorithm proposed in this application obtains the rainfall rate and rainfall rate distribution along the detection path based on the received echo power and Rayleigh scattering scattering rate factor model at each range-resolved unit, and has the following beneficial effects:

[0803] ① A joint rain / no-rain discrimination method based on the total received echo power and the received echo power of each range resolution unit is proposed, which can accurately detect whether it is raining;

[0804] ② Based on the coherent superposition of periodic echoes of multiple sensing signals within the sensing signal frame to improve the detection signal-to-noise ratio, a method is proposed to preprocess the received echo power data of each range resolution unit based on the feature analysis of the range resolution unit beyond the threshold, which can improve the accuracy of rainfall rate distribution detection.

[0805] ③ Considering the impact of rain attenuation on rainfall rate measurement, an iterative rain attenuation processing algorithm is proposed, which is particularly suitable for scenarios with high carrier frequency, long path, or high rainfall intensity, thus improving the performance of rainfall rate detection.

[0806] Optionally, the sensing measurement data includes at least one of the following:

[0807] Receive echo data matrix;

[0808] The total received power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time;

[0809] N within the sensing signal frame time m The total received echo power of N range-resolved units m It is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0810] Results of feature analysis of the threshold distance resolution unit;

[0811] The received echo power data is obtained after threshold distance resolution unit feature analysis and data preprocessing.

[0812] The perception result includes at least one of the following:

[0813] The rainfall determination results corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam;

[0814] Detection results of rain / no rain distribution corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam;

[0815] The distribution of rainfall rate corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam under rainy conditions;

[0816] When the first communication device reports sensing measurement data, the radio frequency unit 1601 is also used for:

[0817] Reporting perception assistance information to the second communication device, wherein the perception assistance information includes:

[0818] Location information of the first communication device;

[0819] Sensing signal waveform configuration information;

[0820] Execution time of rainfall perception;

[0821] The direction of the radiation beam of the first communication device.

[0822] Optionally, the processor 1610 is further configured to:

[0823] The reference information on rainfall is obtained and used to determine the rainfall perception error of the first communication device.

[0824] Optionally, the reference information for obtaining rainfall conditions includes:

[0825] Send a first request message to the second communication device, the first request message being used to request the acquisition of rainfall measurement data from a third-party site, receive the rainfall measurement data returned by the second communication device, and use the rainfall measurement data as the reference information;

[0826] or,

[0827] Rainfall measurement data is obtained through the rainfall measurement equipment equipped in the first communication device, and the rainfall measurement data is used as the reference information.

[0828] In this embodiment, radar signal processing is performed using self-transmitted and self-received signals from mobile communication devices, combined with a rain attenuation model to detect rainfall conditions and rainfall rate distribution, exhibiting high temporal and spatial resolution. Furthermore, this embodiment proposes a threshold range resolution cell feature analysis for rainfall rate detection, followed by preprocessing of received echo power data from each range resolution cell and an iterative rain attenuation processing algorithm, which can improve the performance of rainfall rate detection.

[0829] In another embodiment, the user input unit 1607 is used to receive a first input from a user to a first application, and the processor 1610 is used to respond to the first input by sending perception demand information to a second communication device through a server connected to the first application.

[0830] Optionally, the sensing demand information is used to request weather sensing.

[0831] Optionally, the perceived demand information includes at least one of the following:

[0832] Location information of the sensing area, used to indicate the location of the sensing area;

[0833] Spatial resolution, used to indicate the spatial granularity of the weather sensing;

[0834] Temporal resolution, used to indicate the temporal granularity of the weather sensing;

[0835] Perceive repeated configuration information, indicating configuration information regarding the repeated execution of weather perception.

[0836] Optionally, the perceived repetitive configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0837] Do not execute repeatedly;

[0838] Repeat execution within the first time frame;

[0839] Repeat the first cycle until the termination condition is met.

[0840] Optionally, the weather perception includes rainfall perception, wherein the rainfall perception includes at least one of the following: regional rain / no rain detection; rain / no rain distribution detection; rainfall rate distribution detection.

[0841] Optionally, the RF unit 1601 is used for:

[0842] Receive rainfall information for the sensing area from the server connected to the first application.

[0843] In this embodiment, the third communication device responds to the user's input, sends the user's weather sensing request to the application server, and then the application server sends it to the second communication device. The second communication device then selects the first communication device to perform weather sensing, which can meet the user's need to know the weather conditions in real time.

[0844] Specifically, embodiments of this application also provide a network-side device, which may be a first communication device. For example... Figure 17As shown, the network-side device 1700 includes: an antenna 1701, a radio frequency (RF) device 1702, a baseband device 1703, a processor 1704, and a memory 1705. The antenna 1701 is connected to the RF device 1702. In the uplink direction, the RF device 1702 receives information through the antenna 1701 and transmits the received information to the baseband device 1703 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 1703 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to the RF device 1702. The RF device 1702 processes the received information and transmits it through the antenna 1701.

[0845] The method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiments can be implemented in the baseband device 1703, which includes a baseband processor.

[0846] The baseband device 1703 may, for example, include at least one baseband board on which multiple chips are disposed, such as... Figure 17 As shown, one of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 1705 via a bus interface to call the program in the memory 1705 and execute the network device operation shown in the above method embodiment.

[0847] The network-side device may also include a network interface 1706, such as a common public radio interface (CPRI).

[0848] Specifically, the network-side device 17000 of this embodiment further includes: instructions or programs stored in memory 1705 and executable on processor 1704, wherein processor 1704 calls the instructions or programs in memory 1705 to execute. Figure 11 The methods executed by each module shown achieve the same technical effect, and to avoid repetition, they will not be described in detail here.

[0849] Specifically, embodiments of this application also provide a network-side device, which may be a second communication device. For example... Figure 18 As shown, the network-side device 1800 includes a processor 1801, a network interface 1802, and a memory 1803. The network interface 1802 is, for example, a common public radio interface (CPRI).

[0850] Specifically, the network-side device 1800 of this embodiment further includes: instructions or programs stored in a memory 1803 and executable on a processor 1801, wherein the processor 1801 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 1803 to execute. Figure 12 or Figure 13The methods executed by each module shown achieve the same technical effect, and to avoid repetition, they will not be described in detail here.

[0851] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described weather sensing method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0852] The processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0853] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-described weather sensing method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0854] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0855] This application also provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-described weather sensing method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0856] This application also provides a weather sensing system, including: a first communication device, a second communication device, and a third communication device. The first communication device can be used to perform the steps of the weather sensing method described above, the second communication device can be used to perform the steps of the weather sensing method described above, and the third communication device can be used to perform the steps of the weather sensing method described above.

[0857] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0858] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0859] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A weather sensing method, characterized in that, include: Under the condition that the first condition is met, the first communication device performs weather sensing and obtains sensing measurement data or sensing results. The first communication device reports the sensing measurement data or sensing results to the second communication device; The first condition includes at least one of the following: The device receives sensing request information from the second communication device, the sensing request information being used to request weather sensing. The sensing cycle time has arrived; The weather perception includes rainfall perception, wherein the rainfall perception includes at least one of the following: regional rain / no rain detection; rain / no rain distribution detection; rainfall rate distribution detection; The first communication device performs weather sensing to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results, including: Determine the beam pointing angle, and based on the beam pointing angle, transmit a first signal and receive an echo signal; The echo signal is preprocessed to obtain the echo preprocessing result; Based on the echo preprocessing results and rainfall decision threshold, regional rain / no-rain conditions are detected and data preprocessed, and rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results are output. When the rainfall determination result indicates that there is rain, the rainfall rate distribution is obtained by detecting the rainfall rate distribution based on the wet aperture attenuation value.

2. The weather sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perceived demand information includes at least one of the following: Location information of the sensing area, used to indicate the location of the sensing area; Spatial resolution, used to indicate the spatial granularity of the weather sensing; Temporal resolution, used to indicate the temporal granularity of the weather sensing; Perceive repeated configuration information, indicating configuration information regarding the repeated execution of weather perception.

3. The weather sensing method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The perceived repetitive configuration information includes at least one of the following: Do not execute repeatedly; Repeat execution within the first time frame; Repeat the first cycle until the termination condition is met.

4. The weather sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Upon receiving sensing request information from the second communication device, the first communication device performs weather sensing to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results, including: Acquire baseline calibration data, which includes the rainfall decision threshold and the wet aperture attenuation value; Based on the sensing area location information or the pre-determined target area information in the sensing demand information, and in combination with the location information of the first communication device, the beam pointing angle is determined. Based on the beam pointing angle, a first signal is transmitted and the echo signal is received; The echo signal is preprocessed to obtain the echo preprocessing result; Based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, regional rain / no-rain conditions are detected and data preprocessed, and rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results are output. If the rainfall determination result indicates that there is rain, a rainfall rate distribution detection process is executed based on the wet aperture attenuation value to obtain the radial rainfall rate distribution within the maximum coverage range of the first communication device, with the radar detection range resolution as the resolution unit. The rainfall rate distribution at each position on the horizontal plane is then projected according to the angle between the radiation beam and the horizontal plane. If the first communication device cannot completely cover the sensing area with one beam dwell, the beam pointing angle is adjusted to perform the next beam dwell for rainfall sensing until the sensing area is completely covered, thereby obtaining a rainfall map and a rainfall rate distribution map within the sensing area.

5. The weather sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the sensing cycle time arrives, the first communication device performs weather sensing to obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results, including: Acquire baseline calibration data, which includes the rainfall decision threshold and the wet aperture attenuation value; Based on the azimuth width of the radiating antenna beam, a first signal is transmitted and the echo signal is received; The echo signal is preprocessed to obtain the echo preprocessing result; Based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, regional rain / no-rain conditions are detected and data preprocessed, and rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results are output. If the rainfall determination result indicates that there is rain, a rainfall rate distribution detection process is executed based on the wet aperture attenuation value to obtain the radial rainfall rate distribution within the maximum coverage range of the first communication device, with the radar detection range resolution as the resolution unit. The rainfall rate distribution at each position on the horizontal plane is then projected according to the angle between the radiation beam and the horizontal plane. After completing the rainfall detection at one angle, the current beam pointing is stopped, the beam pointing is shifted by an angle of one azimuth width, and the rainfall detection of the next angular sector area is carried out until the maximum allowable angle range of azimuth coverage is reached, and the rainfall detection of the current cycle ends. The rainfall perception results from each beam are fused to obtain a rainfall map and a rainfall rate distribution map within a circular area centered on the first communication device and with the maximum coverage distance of the first communication device as the radius.

6. The weather sensing method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The rainfall decision threshold is obtained through the following calibration method: The first signal was transmitted and the echo was received under clear weather and light rain conditions, respectively, and a sensing signal frame was obtained for each condition. N p × N m The size of the first data matrix and the second data matrix, each row of the first data matrix or the second data matrix N m Each value represents the power of the received echo at each range resolution unit within one sensing signal cycle, and each column... N p These values ​​represent the received echo power of a range resolution unit during different sensing signal periods. N p A positive integer greater than 1 ，N m It is a positive integer greater than 1; The first total received power and the second total received power at each range resolution unit within a sensing signal frame time are obtained by summing each column of the first data matrix and the second data matrix respectively. repeat N b For each sensing signal frame, a first average value and a second average value of the received echo power of each range resolution unit within a first time length are obtained, wherein the first time length includes... N b One sensing signal frame N b It is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; The first average value of the received echo power of each distance resolution unit within the first time length is summed to obtain the third average value of the total received echo power within the first time length. The second average value of the received echo power of each distance resolution unit within the first time length is summed to obtain the fourth average value of the total received echo power within the first time length. Based on the third average value and the fourth average value of the total received echo power within the first time length, a first decision threshold is obtained, wherein the first decision threshold is used to make a rain / no rain decision on the total received echo power within the sensing signal frame time. A second decision threshold is obtained based on the first average value and the second average value of the received echo power of each range resolution unit within the first time length, wherein the second decision threshold is used to make a decision on the received echo power of each range resolution unit.

7. The weather sensing method according to any one of claims 1, 4-5, characterized in that, The first signal includes one of the following: The dominant signal in communication; Perceive the dominant signal; Perception-enhanced communication is the dominant signal; Communication perception integrated signal; The waveform of the first signal is a continuous wave waveform or a pulse waveform.

8. The weather sensing method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The preprocessing of the echo signal to obtain the echo preprocessing result includes: In each sensing signal cycle, the echo signal received by the first communication device is subjected to matched filtering processing; The maximum detection range of the first communication device is divided into N m Each distance resolution unit acquires the received echo power of the echo signal in each distance resolution unit within each sensing signal period, and generates a received echo data matrix. Summing each column of the received echo data matrix yields a 1× N m The vector represents the total received power of each range resolution unit within a sensing signal frame time; The total received power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time is summed to obtain the sensing signal frame time. N m Total received echo power of each range resolution unit; The sensing signal frame includes N p A sensing signal cycle, wherein the sensing signal cycle is the cycle of transmitting a first signal once and performing echo signal processing; The received echo data matrix is ​​a N p × N m The matrix, N p A positive integer greater than 1 ，N m It is a positive integer greater than 1.

9. The weather sensing method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of detecting and preprocessing regional rain / no-rain conditions based on the echo preprocessing results and the rainfall decision threshold, and outputting rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results includes: Based on the first decision threshold, within the sensing signal frame time... N m The total power of the received echoes from each range resolution unit is used to determine whether there is rain or no rain, and the first decision result is obtained. If the first decision result is rain, the received echo power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time is determined based on the second decision threshold to obtain the decision result of the received echo power of each range resolution unit. The decision results of the received echo power of each range resolution unit are statistically analyzed, and the number of range resolution units that have passed the threshold is analyzed based on the statistical results, and the rainfall decision results are output. If the proportion of the number of distance resolution units that have exceeded the threshold to the total number of distance resolution units exceeds a first threshold, feature analysis of the distance resolution units that have exceeded the threshold is performed, and the results of the feature analysis of the distance resolution units that have exceeded the threshold are preprocessed to output the rain / no rain distribution detection results.

10. The weather sensing method according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the proportion of distance resolution units exceeding a threshold to the total number of distance resolution units exceeds a first threshold, threshold-crossing distance resolution unit feature analysis is performed. The results of this threshold-crossing distance resolution unit feature analysis are then preprocessed to output rain / no-rain distribution detection results, including: Starting from the first range-resolved cell that crosses the threshold, all range-resolved cells are divided into blocks and gaps for statistical analysis. Blocks represent rain, and gaps represent no rain. N B Block and N G Each gap contains a certain number of range-resolved cells. N B A positive integer greater than or equal to 1. N G It is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; For the i-th block, if the number of range-resolved units contained in the i-th block is 1, and the number of range-resolved units contained in the two adjacent gaps satisfies the first preset condition, the decision result of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th block is modified to not exceed the threshold, and the i-th block and the two adjacent gaps are merged into a new gap, and the received echo power value of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th block is modified to the average value of the received echo power of all range-resolved units in the two adjacent gaps; For the i-th gap, if the number of range-resolved units contained in the i-th gap is 1, and the number of range-resolved units contained in the two adjacent blocks satisfies the first preset condition, the decision result of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th gap is modified to pass the threshold, and the i-th gap and the two adjacent blocks are merged into a new block, and the received echo power value of the range-resolved units contained in the i-th gap is modified to the average value of the received echo power of all range-resolved units in the two adjacent blocks; Output the Block set and the Gap set; Where i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1; When the i-th block is the first block, only the first gap after it is considered; when the i-th block is the last block, only the gap before it is considered. When the i-th gap is the first gap, only the first block following it is considered; when the i-th gap is the last gap, only the block preceding it is considered.

11. The weather sensing method according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the rainfall determination result indicates rain, the rainfall rate distribution detection process is executed based on the wet aperture attenuation value, including: Based on the received echo power data obtained after threshold range resolution unit feature analysis and data preprocessing, and the wet aperture attenuation value, the volume scattering rate of each threshold range resolution unit is calculated. Based on the Rayleigh scattering model and the volume scattering rate of each threshold range-resolved cell, the scattering rate factor of each threshold range-resolved cell is obtained. Based on the scattering rate factor of each threshold distance resolution unit, and based on the relationship between the scattering rate factor and the rainfall rate, the rainfall rate of each threshold distance resolution unit is obtained. By combining the rainfall rate of each threshold distance resolution unit, the rainfall rate distribution of the current beam pointing under rainy conditions is obtained.

12. The weather sensing method according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the rainfall determination result indicates rain, the rainfall rate distribution detection process is executed based on the wet aperture attenuation value, including: Based on the rainfall rate from the first threshold distance resolution unit to the (i-1)th threshold distance resolution unit, and the relationship between rain attenuation and rainfall rate, the rain attenuation during the echo signal of the i-th threshold distance resolution unit is obtained, where i is a positive integer greater than 1. Based on the rain attenuation along the way of the echo signal of the i-th threshold range resolution unit, the received echo power data of the i-th threshold range resolution unit, and the wet aperture attenuation value, the volume scattering rate of the i-th threshold range resolution unit is calculated; Based on the Rayleigh scattering model and the volume scattering rate of the i-th cross-threshold range-resolving unit, the scattering rate factor of the i-th cross-threshold range-resolving unit is obtained. The rainfall rate of the i-th threshold distance resolution unit is obtained based on the scattering rate factor of the i-th threshold distance resolution unit and the relationship between the scattering rate factor and the rainfall rate. Increment i by one to calculate the rainfall rate of the next threshold distance resolution cell, and continue until the rainfall rates of all threshold distance resolution cells are obtained; By combining the rainfall rates of all the threshold distance resolution units, the rainfall rate distribution of the current beam pointing under rainy conditions is obtained; The rainfall rate of the first threshold distance resolution unit is calculated without considering rainfall attenuation during the journey.

13. The weather sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing measurement data includes at least one of the following: Receive echo data matrix; The total received power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time; Sensing signal frame time N m The total received echo power of each range resolution unit, N m It is a positive integer greater than 1; Results of feature analysis of the threshold distance resolution unit; The received echo power data is obtained after threshold distance resolution unit feature analysis and data preprocessing.

14. The weather sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perception result includes at least one of the following: The rainfall determination results corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam; Detection results of rain / no rain distribution corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam; The direction of each radiation beam corresponds to the rainfall rate distribution under rainy conditions.

15. The weather sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the first communication device reports the sensing measurement data, the method further includes: The first communication device reports sensing assistance information to the second communication device, the sensing assistance information including: Location information of the first communication device; Sensing signal waveform configuration information; Execution time of rainfall perception; The direction of the radiation beam of the first communication device.

16. The weather sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first communication device acquires reference information about rainfall, and the reference information is used to determine the rainfall perception error of the first communication device.

17. The weather sensing method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The first communication device acquires reference information on rainfall, including: Send a first request message to the second communication device, the first request message being used to request the acquisition of rainfall measurement data from a third-party site, receive the rainfall measurement data returned by the second communication device, and use the rainfall measurement data as the reference information; or, Rainfall measurement data is obtained using the rainfall measurement equipment equipped in the first communication device, and the rainfall measurement data is used as the reference information.

18. The weather sensing method according to any one of claims 1-17, characterized in that, The first communication device is a terminal, a base station, or a Transmitter Point (TRP); the second communication device is a core network or a sensing function network element.

19. A weather sensing method, characterized in that, include: The second communication device receives sensing request information sent by the third communication device, wherein the sensing request information is used to request weather sensing. The second communication device determines at least one first communication device for performing weather sensing based on the sensing requirement information; The second communication device forwards the perceived demand information to the first communication device; The second communication device receives the sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device; or, The second communication device periodically receives sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device; The weather perception includes rainfall perception, wherein the rainfall perception includes at least one of the following: regional rain / no rain detection; rain / no rain distribution detection; rainfall rate distribution detection; The sensing measurement data or sensing result is obtained by the first communication device determining the beam pointing angle, transmitting a first signal and receiving an echo signal based on the beam pointing angle, preprocessing the echo signal to obtain an echo preprocessing result, and performing regional rain / no rain detection and data preprocessing based on the echo preprocessing result and a rainfall decision threshold. The result is obtained after detecting the rainfall rate distribution based on the wet aperture attenuation value when the rainfall decision result indicates rain.

20. The weather sensing method according to claim 19, characterized in that, The perceived demand information includes at least one of the following: Location information of the sensing area, used to indicate the location of the sensing area; Spatial resolution, used to indicate the spatial granularity of the weather sensing; Temporal resolution, used to indicate the temporal granularity of the weather sensing; Perceive repeated configuration information, indicating configuration information regarding the repeated execution of weather perception.

21. The weather sensing method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The perceived repetitive configuration information includes at least one of the following: Do not execute repeatedly; Repeat execution within the first time frame; Repeat the first cycle until the termination condition is met.

22. The weather sensing method according to any one of claims 19-21, characterized in that, The method further includes: The sensing results reported by each of the first communication devices are fused to obtain the rainfall situation of the sensing area or target area; The rainfall information of the sensed area or target area is sent to the third communication device via a server connected to the first application on the third communication device.

23. The weather sensing method according to claim 22, characterized in that, Before fusing the sensing results reported by each of the first communication devices, the method further includes: The second communication device calculates the sensing result based on the sensing measurement data.

24. The weather sensing method according to any one of claims 19-21, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second communication device acquires reference information about rainfall. The second communication device determines the rainfall perception error of the first communication device based on the perception results and the reference information. The second communication device sends the rainfall perception error of the first communication device to other sensing nodes within a certain area around the first communication device.

25. The weather sensing method according to any one of claims 19-21, characterized in that, The sensing measurement data includes at least one of the following: Receive echo data matrix; The total received power of each range resolution unit within the sensing signal frame time; Sensing signal frame time N m The total received echo power of each range resolution unit, N m It is a positive integer greater than 1; Results of feature analysis of the threshold distance resolution unit; The received echo power data is obtained after threshold distance resolution unit feature analysis and data preprocessing.

26. The weather sensing method according to any one of claims 19-21, characterized in that, The perception result includes at least one of the following: The rainfall determination results corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam; Detection results of rain / no rain distribution corresponding to the direction of each radiation beam; The direction of each radiation beam corresponds to the rainfall rate distribution under rainy conditions.

27. The weather sensing method according to claim 25, characterized in that, When the first communication device reports the sensing measurement data, the method further includes: The second communication device receives sensing assistance information reported by the first communication device, wherein the sensing assistance information includes: Location information of the first communication device; Sensing signal waveform configuration information; Execution time of rainfall perception; The direction of the radiation beam of the first communication device.

28. The weather sensing method according to any one of claims 19-27, characterized in that, The first communication device is a terminal, a base station, or a Transmitter Point (TRP); the second communication device is a core network or a sensing function network element.

29. A weather sensing method, characterized in that, include: The third communication device receives the user's first input to the first application; In response to the first input, the third communication device sends sensing demand information to the second communication device through the server connected to the first application; The sensing requirement information is used to request weather sensing. The weather perception includes rainfall perception, wherein the rainfall perception includes at least one of the following: regional rain / no rain detection; rain / no rain distribution detection; rainfall rate distribution detection; The weather sensing is achieved by a first communication device determining a beam pointing angle, transmitting a first signal and receiving echo signals based on the beam pointing angle, preprocessing the echo signals to obtain echo preprocessing results, detecting regional rain / no rain conditions and preprocessing data based on the echo preprocessing results and a rainfall decision threshold, and detecting rainfall rate distribution based on wet aperture attenuation values ​​when the rainfall decision result indicates rain.

30. The weather sensing method according to claim 29, characterized in that, The perceived demand information includes at least one of the following: Location information of the sensing area, used to indicate the location of the sensing area; Spatial resolution, used to indicate the spatial granularity of the weather sensing; Temporal resolution, used to indicate the temporal granularity of the weather sensing; Perceive repeated configuration information, indicating configuration information regarding the repeated execution of weather perception.

31. The weather sensing method according to claim 30, characterized in that, The perceived repetitive configuration information includes at least one of the following: Do not execute repeatedly; Repeat execution within the first time frame; Repeat the first cycle until the termination condition is met.

32. The weather sensing method according to any one of claims 29-31, characterized in that, The method further includes: The third communication device receives rainfall data for the sensing area from the server connected to the first application.

33. A weather sensing device, characterized in that, include: The weather sensing module is used to perform weather sensing and obtain sensing measurement data or sensing results when the first condition is met. The first transmitting module is used to report the sensing measurement data or sensing results to the second communication device; The first condition includes at least one of the following: The device receives sensing request information from the second communication device, the sensing request information being used to request weather sensing. The sensing cycle time has arrived; The weather perception includes rainfall perception, wherein the rainfall perception includes at least one of the following: regional rain / no rain detection; rain / no rain distribution detection; rainfall rate distribution detection; The weather sensing module performs weather sensing and obtains sensing measurement data or sensing results, including: The weather sensing module determines the beam pointing angle, and transmits a first signal and receives an echo signal based on the beam pointing angle. The echo signal is preprocessed to obtain the echo preprocessing result; Based on the echo preprocessing results and rainfall decision threshold, regional rain / no-rain conditions are detected and data preprocessed, and rainfall decision results and rain / no-rain distribution detection results are output. When the rainfall determination result indicates that there is rain, the rainfall rate distribution is obtained by detecting the rainfall rate distribution based on the wet aperture attenuation value.

34. A weather sensing device, characterized in that, include: The first receiving module is used to receive sensing demand information sent by the third communication device, wherein the sensing demand information is used to request weather sensing. The selection module is used to determine at least one first communication device for performing weather sensing based on the sensing requirement information. The second sending module is used to forward the perceived demand information to the first communication device; The second receiving module is used to receive the sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device. or, The third receiving module is used to periodically receive sensing measurement data or sensing results reported by the first communication device; The weather perception includes rainfall perception, wherein the rainfall perception includes at least one of the following: regional rain / no rain detection; rain / no rain distribution detection; rainfall rate distribution detection; The sensing measurement data or sensing result is obtained by the first communication device determining the beam pointing angle, transmitting a first signal and receiving an echo signal based on the beam pointing angle, preprocessing the echo signal to obtain an echo preprocessing result, and performing regional rain / no rain detection and data preprocessing based on the echo preprocessing result and a rainfall decision threshold. The result is obtained after detecting the rainfall rate distribution based on the wet aperture attenuation value when the rainfall decision result indicates rain.

35. A weather sensing device, characterized in that, include: The fourth receiving module is used to receive the user's first input to the first application; The first processing module is used to respond to the first input and send the sensing demand information to the second communication device through the server connected to the first application; The sensing requirement information is used to request weather sensing. The weather perception includes rainfall perception, wherein the rainfall perception includes at least one of the following: regional rain / no rain detection; rain / no rain distribution detection; rainfall rate distribution detection; The weather sensing is achieved by a first communication device determining a beam pointing angle, transmitting a first signal and receiving echo signals based on the beam pointing angle, preprocessing the echo signals to obtain echo preprocessing results, detecting regional rain / no rain conditions and preprocessing data based on the echo preprocessing results and a rainfall decision threshold, and detecting rainfall rate distribution based on wet aperture attenuation values ​​when the rainfall decision result indicates rain.

36. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the weather sensing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 32.

37. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the weather sensing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 32.

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