Ultrasound measurement method and system for diaphragm

Abstract

An ultrasound measurement method and system for the diaphragm involves acquiring images of the subject's tissues (32), identifying the diaphragm region in the tissue images based on the diaphragm's image characteristics (33), automatically acquiring the target M-line and its M-image of the subject's diaphragm region (34, 35), and obtaining measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region based on the acquired M-image (36). Automatic measurement of the subject's diaphragm region using ultrasound simplifies the doctor's operation and makes the measurement more accurate, providing more precise reference information for the doctor to predict and assess the time for weaning off the ultrasound.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical imaging technology, specifically to an ultrasound measurement method and system for the diaphragm. Background Technology

[0002] Intensive Care Unit (ICU) physicians need to predict and assess when a patient can be weaned off ventilators. Weaning too early or too late can lead to weaning failure and serious consequences. Currently, ICUs commonly use ventilator parameters to assess weaning, but the failure rate is relatively high.

[0003] ICUs have begun using ultrasound to predict and assess the timing of patient weaning. Currently, ultrasound is being used to assess the patient's diaphragm to help doctors predict the appropriate time for weaning.

[0004] Currently, ultrasound assessment of the diaphragm is performed manually by doctors, requiring several steps to complete. The procedure is relatively complicated and demands a certain level of experience and skill from the doctor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In one embodiment, an ultrasound measurement method for the diaphragm is provided, comprising:

[0006] The ultrasound probe is excited to emit a first ultrasound wave toward the tissue of the subject and the echo of the first ultrasound wave returned by the tissue of the subject is received to obtain the echo signal of the first ultrasound wave.

[0007] Based on the echo signal of the first ultrasound, an image of the subject's tissue is obtained;

[0008] Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the diaphragm region of the subject is identified from the images of the subject's tissues;

[0009] Automatically acquire the target M-line of the diaphragm region of the subject from images of the subject's tissues;

[0010] Based on the target M-line, obtain an M-image along the target M-line within a first predetermined time period;

[0011] Based on the M-image of the target M-line, the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject are determined;

[0012] The tissues tested included the diaphragm.

[0013] In one embodiment, identifying the diaphragm region of the subject from images of the subject's tissues based on the image features of the diaphragm includes:

[0014] Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the diaphragm region of the subject is identified from the images of the subject's tissues using pattern recognition or machine learning methods; or

[0015] The operation of the operator to identify the diaphragm region of the subject in the image of the subject's tissue is detected, and the diaphragm region of the subject is obtained in the image of the subject's tissue.

[0016] In one embodiment, the target M-line is an M-line whose angle with the diaphragm region of the subject satisfies a first preset condition.

[0017] In one embodiment, the target M-line is an anatomical M-line whose angle with the diaphragm region of the subject satisfies a first preset condition.

[0018] In one embodiment, the first preset condition is that the included angle is between 60 degrees and 90 degrees.

[0019] In one embodiment, the target M-line is an anatomical M-line passing through a designated area of ​​the subject's diaphragm region.

[0020] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining M along the target M line is based on the target M line.

[0021] Images, including:

[0022] Based on the target M-line, the ultrasound probe is excited to emit a second ultrasound wave toward the tissue area of ​​the subject where the target M-line is located, and the echo of the returned second ultrasound wave is received to obtain the echo signal of the second ultrasound wave.

[0023] Based on the echo signal of the second ultrasonic wave, an M-image along the target M-line is obtained.

[0024] In one embodiment, obtaining measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region based on the M-image of the target M-line includes:

[0025] Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the diaphragm region of the subject in the M-image of the target M-line is identified;

[0026] The measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject are obtained based on the diaphragm region in the M diagram.

[0027] In one embodiment, the subject is in a ready-to-use state of the respiratory device, and the method further includes:

[0028] Based on the measured parameters of the determined diaphragm region of the test subject, a prompt message is output to indicate to the operator whether to remove the test subject's breathing device.

[0029] In one embodiment, the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region include the amplitude of movement of the diaphragm region,

[0030] At least one of the following: the movement speed of the diaphragm region, the thickness of the diaphragm region, the thickening rate of the diaphragm region, and the strain rate of the diaphragm region.

[0031] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the amplitude of motion, and obtaining the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject based on the M-graph diaphragm region includes:

[0032] Based on the identified diaphragm region in the M-image, determine the extremely high and extremely low positions of the diaphragm region in the M-image;

[0033] Based on the determined extremely high and extremely low positions of the diaphragm region in the M-image, the amplitude of movement of the subject's diaphragm region is determined.

[0034] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, it further includes:

[0035] Based on the location of the target M-line, determine the region corresponding to the diaphragm region in the image of the subject's tissue to obtain the region corresponding to the diaphragm region in the M-image.

[0036] A first type of identifier is displayed on the corresponding area of ​​the diaphragm region in the M-map, and the position of the first type of identifier is dynamically updated to describe the movement trajectory of the corresponding area of ​​the diaphragm region in the M-map.

[0037] In one embodiment, the direction of the first type of identifier indicates the direction of movement of the region corresponding to the diaphragm region in the M-graph.

[0038] In one embodiment, the length of the first type of identifier represents the M-graph diaphragm region's position.

[0039] The range of motion in the corresponding area.

[0040] In one embodiment, the target M-line includes multiple target M-lines;

[0041] The M-map diaphragm region includes multiple M-map diaphragm regions, where each M-map diaphragm region corresponds to a target M-line;

[0042] The region corresponding to the diaphragm region in the M-map obtained according to the target M-line includes multiple regions corresponding to the diaphragm region in the M-map, wherein each region corresponding to the diaphragm region in the M-map corresponds to one region in the M-map diaphragm.

[0043] The first type of identifier includes a plurality of first type identifiers, wherein each first type identifier corresponds to a diaphragm region in an M-map;

[0044] The multiple first-type identifiers are displayed in different colors.

[0045] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, it further includes:

[0046] Obtain a trend graph of the movement amplitude of the diaphragm region in the M-graph over time;

[0047] The trend graph is shown.

[0048] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, it further includes:

[0049] Obtain a trend graph of the movement amplitude of the diaphragm region in each M-graph over time, and obtain multiple trend graphs;

[0050] The multiple trend charts are displayed using different colors;

[0051] The trend chart corresponding to any one of the multiple M-graph diaphragm regions and the first type identifier corresponding to any one of the M-graph diaphragm regions are either the same color or related to each other.

[0052] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is thickness or thickening rate, and the M-map diaphragm region includes the identified upper and lower edge regions. Obtaining the measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region based on the M-map diaphragm region includes:

[0053] Determine the maximum and minimum values ​​of the distance between the upper and lower edge regions identified in the diaphragm region of the M-map;

[0054] The thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region of the subject is determined based on the maximum and minimum values.

[0055] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, it further includes:

[0056] Based on the position of the target M-line, determine the corresponding regions of the upper and lower edge regions of the diaphragm region in the image of the subject's tissue, so as to obtain the corresponding regions of the diaphragm edge region in the M-line.

[0057] A second type of identifier is displayed on the corresponding area of ​​the diaphragm edge region in the M-graph, and the position of the second type of identifier is dynamically updated to describe the movement trajectory of the corresponding area of ​​the diaphragm edge region in the M-graph.

[0058] In one embodiment, the target M-line includes multiple target M-lines;

[0059] The M-map diaphragm region includes multiple M-map diaphragm regions, where each M-map diaphragm region corresponds to a target M-line;

[0060] The region corresponding to the edge region of the diaphragm in the M-map obtained according to the target M-line includes multiple regions corresponding to the edge region of the diaphragm in the M-map, wherein each region corresponding to the edge region of the diaphragm in the M-map corresponds to one region of the diaphragm in the M-map, and each region corresponding to the edge region of the diaphragm in the M-map includes an upper edge region and a lower edge region.

[0061] The second type of identifier includes a plurality of second type identifiers, wherein each second type identifier corresponds to a diaphragm region in an M-map;

[0062] The multiple second-type identifiers are displayed in different colors.

[0063] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, it further includes:

[0064] Obtain a trend graph of the distance between the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region in the M-graph as a function of time;

[0065] The trend graph is shown.

[0066] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, it further includes:

[0067] Obtain a trend chart of the distance between the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region in each M-graph as a function of time, and obtain multiple trend charts.

[0068] The multiple trend charts are displayed using different colors;

[0069] Among the multiple M-graph diaphragm regions, the trend chart corresponding to any one M-graph diaphragm region and the second type identifier corresponding to any one M-graph diaphragm region have the same color or are related to each other.

[0070] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the amplitude of movement. Based on the determined measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region, a prompt message is output, including:

[0071] Compare the amplitude of the motion with the first threshold;

[0072] When the amplitude of the movement is less than or equal to the first threshold, the operator is prompted to continue using the breathing device. Alternatively, when the amplitude of the movement is greater than the first threshold, the operator is prompted to remove the breathing device from the subject.

[0073] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the amplitude of motion, and the method further includes:

[0074] Acquire the preset physiological signals of the test subject;

[0075] The system comprehensively analyzes the amplitude of the movement and the preset physiological signals of the subject, and outputs a prompt message to indicate to the operator whether to remove the subject's breathing device.

[0076] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the amplitude of motion, and the method further includes:

[0077] Acquire ultrasound images of a preset tissue of the subject, and obtain preset measurement indicators from the ultrasound images of the preset tissue;

[0078] The system comprehensively analyzes the range of motion and the subject's preset measurement indicators, and outputs a prompt message to indicate to the operator whether to remove the subject's breathing device.

[0079] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the thickening rate. Based on the determined measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region, a prompt message is output, including:

[0080] The thickness increase rate is compared with the second threshold. If the thickness increase rate is less than or equal to the second threshold, the operator is prompted to continue using the breathing device. Alternatively, if the thickness increase rate is greater than the second threshold, the operator is prompted to remove the breathing device from the subject.

[0081] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the thickness increase rate, and the method further includes:

[0082] Acquire the preset physiological signals of the test subject;

[0083] The thickening rate and the preset physiological signals of the test subject are comprehensively analyzed to output prompt information to prompt the operator whether to remove the test subject's breathing device.

[0084] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the thickness increase rate, and the method further includes:

[0085] Acquire ultrasound images of a preset tissue of the subject, and obtain preset measurement indicators from the ultrasound images of the preset tissue;

[0086] The thickening rate and the preset measurement indicators of the test subject are comprehensively analyzed, and a prompt message is output to prompt the operator whether to remove the test subject's breathing device.

[0087] In one embodiment, the preset tissue includes cardiac tissue, and the preset measurement indicators include at least one of the following: left ventricular ejection fraction, diastolic function indicators, cardiac output, left ventricular outflow tract velocity-time integral (VTI), and inferior vena cava (IVC) parameters; or

[0088] The preset tissue includes lung tissue, and the preset measurement indicators include the number of B-lines or lung ultrasound score.

[0089] In one embodiment, the preset physiological signals include at least one of the following: respiratory rate, respiratory volume, spontaneous tidal volume, heart rate, oxygen saturation, arterial blood gas parameters, blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin, body temperature, coma index, and metabolic index.

[0090] In one embodiment, an ultrasonic measurement method is provided, comprising:

[0091] The ultrasound probe is excited to emit a first ultrasound wave toward the tissue of the subject and the echo of the first ultrasound wave returned by the tissue of the subject is received to obtain the echo signal of the first ultrasound wave.

[0092] The first ultrasound image is obtained based on the echo signal of the first ultrasound wave;

[0093] Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the diaphragm region of the subject is identified from the first ultrasound image;

[0094] Select the target region in the diaphragm region of the subject in the first ultrasound image;

[0095] The excitation ultrasound probe emits a second ultrasound wave into the tissue of the subject in Doppler mode, and receives the echo of the second ultrasound wave returned by the tissue of the subject to obtain the echo signal of the second ultrasound wave;

[0096] Based on the echo signal of the second ultrasound, a Doppler image of the target area is obtained;

[0097] Based on the Doppler image of the target region, the movement velocity of the subject's diaphragm region is determined;

[0098] The tissues tested included the diaphragm.

[0099] In one embodiment, an ultrasound measurement method for the diaphragm is provided, comprising:

[0100] The ultrasound probe is excited to emit a first ultrasound wave toward the tissue of the subject and the echo of the first ultrasound wave returned by the tissue of the subject is received to obtain the echo signal of the first ultrasound wave.

[0101] Based on the echo signal of the first ultrasound, an image of the subject's tissue is obtained;

[0102] Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the diaphragm region of the subject is identified from the images of the subject's tissues;

[0103] Obtain the target M-line of the diaphragm region of the subject from images of the subject's tissues;

[0104] Based on the target M-line, obtain an M-image along the target M-line within a second predetermined time period;

[0105] Based on the M-image of the target M-line, the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject are obtained;

[0106] The tissues tested included the diaphragm.

[0107] In one embodiment, an ultrasound measurement method for the diaphragm is provided, comprising:

[0108] An ultrasound probe is excited to emit ultrasound waves toward the tissue of the subject, and the echo of the ultrasound waves returned by the tissue of the subject is received to obtain the echo signal of the ultrasound waves.

[0109] Based on the echo signal of the ultrasound, an image of the subject's tissue is obtained, and the image of the subject's tissue includes multiple frames.

[0110] Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the diaphragm region of the subject is identified from the first image in the multi-frame images;

[0111] The tracking area is selected in the diaphragm region of the subject in the first image;

[0112] Search for the tracking region in the remaining images of the multi-frame image that corresponds to the first image.

[0113] The corresponding matching region;

[0114] The motion trajectory of the tracking area within a third predetermined time period is obtained based on the tracking area and the matching area;

[0115] Based on the motion trajectory, the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject are determined;

[0116] The tissues tested included the diaphragm.

[0117] In one embodiment, identifying the diaphragm region of the subject from a first image among the multiple frames of images based on the image features of the diaphragm includes:

[0118] Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the diaphragm region of the subject is identified from the first image in the multi-frame images using pattern recognition or machine learning methods; or

[0119] The detection operator identifies the subject's diaphragm region in the first image of the multi-frame images, thereby obtaining the subject's diaphragm region.

[0120] In one embodiment, selecting a tracking region in the diaphragm region of the subject in the first image includes:

[0121] Randomly select a tracking area in the diaphragm region of the subject in the first image; or

[0122] At least three tracking regions with equal interdiaphragmatic distances were selected in the diaphragm region of the subject in the first image.

[0123] In one embodiment, it further includes:

[0124] Based on the measured parameters of the subject's diaphragm region, a prompt message is output to indicate to the operator whether to remove the subject's breathing device.

[0125] In one embodiment, the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region include the amplitude of movement of the diaphragm region,

[0126] At least one of the following: the movement speed of the diaphragm region, the thickness of the diaphragm region, the thickening rate of the diaphragm region, and the strain rate of the diaphragm region.

[0127] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the amplitude of motion, wherein the motion trajectory is based on...

[0128] The measurement parameters for determining the diaphragm region of the subject include:

[0129] The extreme high and low positions of the motion trajectory within the third predetermined time period are obtained;

[0130] The range of motion of the subject's diaphragm region is determined based on the extremely high and extremely low positions.

[0131] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, it further includes:

[0132] A first type of identifier is displayed on the tracking area, and the position of the first type of identifier is dynamically updated to describe the motion trajectory of the tracking area.

[0133] In one embodiment, the direction of the first type of identifier indicates the movement of the tracking area.

[0134] direction.

[0135] In one embodiment, the identifier length of the first type of identifier represents the motion amplitude of the tracking area.

[0136] In one embodiment, the tracking area includes multiple tracking areas;

[0137] The first type of identifier includes a plurality of first type identifiers, wherein each first type identifier corresponds to a tracking region;

[0138] The multiple first-type identifiers are displayed in different colors.

[0139] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, it further includes:

[0140] Obtain a trend graph of the motion amplitude of the tracked area over time;

[0141] The trend graph is shown.

[0142] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, it further includes:

[0143] Obtain a trend chart of the motion amplitude of each tracking area changing over time, and obtain multiple trend charts;

[0144] The multiple trend charts are displayed using different colors;

[0145] The trend chart corresponding to any one of the multiple tracking areas and the first type identifier corresponding to any one of the tracking areas have the same color or are related to each other.

[0146] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is thickness or thickening rate, and the motion trajectory includes an acquired upper edge region and a lower edge region, wherein the measurement parameters for determining the diaphragm region of the subject based on the motion trajectory include:

[0147] Determine the maximum and minimum values ​​of the distance between the upper and lower edge regions identified by the motion trajectory;

[0148] The thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region of the subject is determined based on the maximum and minimum values.

[0149] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, it further includes:

[0150] Based on the location of the tracking area, the upper and lower edge regions of the motion trajectory are determined in the image of the subject's tissue to obtain the region corresponding to the edge region of the motion trajectory;

[0151] A second type of identifier is displayed on the area corresponding to the edge region of the motion trajectory, and the position of the second type of identifier is dynamically updated to describe the motion trajectory of the area corresponding to the edge region of the motion trajectory.

[0152] In one embodiment, the tracking area includes multiple tracking areas;

[0153] The motion trajectory includes multiple motion trajectories, where each motion trajectory corresponds to a tracking area;

[0154] The motion trajectory edge region corresponding region obtained according to the tracking area includes multiple motion trajectory edge region corresponding regions, wherein each motion trajectory edge region corresponding region corresponds to a motion trajectory, and each motion trajectory edge region corresponding region includes an upper edge region corresponding region and a lower edge region corresponding region.

[0155] The second type of identifier includes multiple second type identifiers, wherein each second type identifier corresponds to a motion trajectory;

[0156] The multiple second-type identifiers are displayed in different colors.

[0157] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, it further includes:

[0158] Obtain a trend graph of the distance between the upper and lower edge regions of the motion trajectory over time;

[0159] The trend graph is shown.

[0160] In one embodiment, it further includes:

[0161] Obtain a trend chart of the distance between the upper and lower edge regions of each motion trajectory over time, and obtain multiple trend charts;

[0162] The multiple trend charts are displayed using different colors;

[0163] The trend chart corresponding to any one of the multiple motion trajectories has the same color as or is related to the second type identifier corresponding to that motion trajectory.

[0164] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the amplitude of movement. Based on the determined measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region, a prompt message is output, including:

[0165] Compare the amplitude of the motion with the first threshold;

[0166] When the amplitude of the movement is less than or equal to the first threshold, the operator is prompted to continue using the breathing device. Alternatively, when the amplitude of the movement is greater than the first threshold, the operator is prompted to remove the breathing device from the subject.

[0167] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the amplitude of motion, and the method further includes:

[0168] Acquire the preset physiological signals of the test subject;

[0169] The system comprehensively analyzes the amplitude of the movement and the preset physiological signals of the subject, and outputs a prompt message to indicate to the operator whether to remove the subject's breathing device.

[0170] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the amplitude of motion, and the method further includes:

[0171] Acquire ultrasound images of a preset tissue of the subject, and obtain preset measurement indicators from the ultrasound images of the preset tissue;

[0172] The system comprehensively analyzes the range of motion and the subject's preset measurement indicators, and outputs a prompt message to indicate to the operator whether to remove the subject's breathing device.

[0173] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the thickening rate. Based on the determined measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region, a prompt message is output, including:

[0174] Compare the thickening rate and the second threshold;

[0175] If the thickening rate is less than or equal to the second threshold, the operator is prompted to continue using the breathing device; if the thickening rate is greater than the second threshold, the operator is prompted to remove the breathing device from the subject.

[0176] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the thickness increase rate, and the method further includes:

[0177] Acquire the preset physiological signals of the test subject;

[0178] The thickening rate and the preset physiological signals of the test subject are comprehensively analyzed to output prompt information to prompt the operator whether to remove the test subject's breathing device.

[0179] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the thickness increase rate, and the method further includes:

[0180] Acquire ultrasound images of a preset tissue of the subject, and obtain preset measurement indicators from the ultrasound images of the preset tissue;

[0181] The thickening rate and the preset measurement indicators of the test subject are comprehensively analyzed, and a prompt message is output to prompt the operator whether to remove the test subject's breathing device.

[0182] In one embodiment, the preset tissue includes cardiac tissue, and the preset measurement indicators include at least one of the following: left ventricular ejection fraction, diastolic function indicators, cardiac output, left ventricular outflow tract velocity-time integral (VTI), and inferior vena cava (IVC) parameters; or

[0183] The preset tissue includes lung tissue, and the preset measurement indicators include the number of B-lines or lung ultrasound score.

[0184] In one embodiment, the preset physiological parameters include at least one of the following: respiratory rate, respiratory volume, spontaneous tidal volume, heart rate, oxygen saturation, arterial blood gas parameters, blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin, body temperature, coma index, and metabolic index.

[0185] In one embodiment, an ultrasound measurement method for the diaphragm is provided, comprising:

[0186] An ultrasonic probe is excited to emit ultrasonic waves toward the tissue of the subject, and the echo of the ultrasonic waves returned by the tissue of the subject is received to obtain the echo signal of the ultrasonic waves.

[0187] Based on the echo signal of the ultrasound, an image of the subject's tissue is obtained;

[0188] Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the diaphragm region of the subject is identified from the images of the subject's tissues;

[0189] Acquire motion information of a target region in the diaphragm region of the subject during a fourth predetermined time period;

[0190] Based on the motion information, the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject are obtained;

[0191] The tissues tested included the diaphragm.

[0192] In one embodiment, the motion information includes at least one of the following: motion amplitude, motion speed, thickness, thickening rate, and strain rate.

[0193] In one embodiment, the subject is in a ready-to-use state with the breathing device. Based on the above embodiment, the method further includes:

[0194] Based on the measured parameters of the determined diaphragm region of the test subject, a prompt message is output to indicate to the operator whether to remove the test subject's breathing device.

[0195] In one embodiment, an ultrasound measurement system for the diaphragm is provided, comprising:

[0196] Ultrasonic probe;

[0197] A transmitting circuit is used to excite the ultrasound probe to emit a first ultrasound wave toward the tissue of the subject.

[0198] A receiving circuit is used to receive the echo of the first ultrasonic wave returned by the tissue of the subject and obtain the echo signal of the first ultrasonic wave.

[0199] A processor for executing the measurement method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0200] In one embodiment, an ultrasound measurement system for the diaphragm is provided, comprising:

[0201] Ultrasonic probe;

[0202] A transmitting circuit is used to excite the ultrasound probe to emit ultrasound waves toward the tissue of the subject.

[0203] A receiving circuit is used to receive the echo of the ultrasonic waves returned by the tissue of the subject and obtain the echo signal of the ultrasonic waves.

[0204] A processor for executing the measurement method described in any of the above embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0205] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic measurement system in one embodiment;

[0206] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an ultrasonic measurement method in one embodiment;

[0207] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic measurement method in one embodiment;

[0208] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic measurement method in one embodiment;

[0209] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic measurement method in one embodiment;

[0210] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic measurement method in one embodiment;

[0211] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic measurement method in one embodiment;

[0212] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic measurement method in one embodiment;

[0213] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of an ultrasonic measurement method in one embodiment;

[0214] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of an ultrasonic measurement method in one embodiment;

[0215] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic measurement method in one embodiment;

[0216] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic measurement method in one embodiment;

[0217] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic measurement method in one embodiment;

[0218] Figure 14This is a flowchart of an ultrasonic measurement method in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0219] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Similar elements in different embodiments are referred to by associated similar element reference numerals. In the following embodiments, many details are described to facilitate a better understanding of this application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some features may be omitted in different situations, or may be replaced by other elements, materials, or methods. In some cases, certain operations related to this application are not shown or described in the specification. This is to avoid obscuring the core parts of this application with excessive description. For those skilled in the art, detailed description of these related operations is not necessary; they can fully understand the related operations based on the description in the specification and general technical knowledge in the art.

[0220] Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification can be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. At the same time, the steps or actions in the method description can be rearranged or adjusted in a manner obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various orders in the specification and drawings are only for the clear description of a particular embodiment and do not imply a necessary order, unless otherwise stated that a particular order must be followed.

[0221] The serial numbers assigned to components in this document, such as "first" and "second," are used only to distinguish the described objects and have no sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this application, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages).

[0222] In one embodiment, an ultrasonic measurement system is provided, with reference to Figure 1 As shown, including super

[0223] The instrument includes an acoustic probe 110, a transmitting and receiving circuit 120, a processor 130, and a display 140.

[0224] The ultrasound probe 110 includes a transducer (not shown) composed of multiple array elements arranged in an array. These elements can be arranged in a row to form a linear array, or in a two-dimensional matrix to form a planar array; they can also form a convex array. The array elements are used to emit ultrasonic beams based on excitation electrical signals, or to convert received ultrasonic beams into electrical signals. Therefore, each array element can be used to achieve the mutual conversion between electrical pulse signals and ultrasonic beams, thereby enabling the emission of ultrasonic beams to the tissue of the subject (e.g., organs, tissues, blood vessels, fetuses, etc. in the human or animal body), and also to receive echoes of ultrasonic beams reflected back from the subject's tissue. During ultrasound detection, the transmission and reception sequences can be used to excite which array elements are used to emit ultrasonic beams and which are used to receive ultrasonic beams, or the array elements can be time-slotted to emit ultrasonic beams or receive echoes of ultrasonic beams. Array elements participating in ultrasonic beam emission can be simultaneously excited by electrical signals, thus emitting ultrasonic waves simultaneously; or array elements participating in ultrasonic beam emission can be excited by several electrical signals with a certain time interval, thus continuously emitting ultrasonic waves with a certain time interval.

[0225] The transmitting / receiving circuit 120 generates a transmitting sequence / receiving sequence. The transmitting sequence excites some or all of the multiple array elements to emit ultrasonic waves toward the subject tissue. The transmitting sequence parameters include the position of the transmitting array elements, the number of array elements, and the ultrasonic beam emission parameters (e.g., amplitude, frequency, number of transmissions, transmission interval, transmission angle, waveform, focusing position, etc.). The receiving sequence excites some or all of the multiple array elements to receive the echoes after the ultrasonic beams are reflected by the subject tissue. The receiving sequence parameters include the position of the receiving array elements, the number of array elements, and the echo reception parameters (e.g., reception angle, depth, etc.). The ultrasonic beam parameters in the transmitting sequence and the echo parameters in the receiving sequence will differ depending on the purpose of the ultrasonic beam echo or the image and / or detection type generated by the ultrasonic beam echo.

[0226] In this embodiment, the transmit / receive circuit 120 is used to output a transmit / receive sequence of ultrasound imaging mode to the ultrasound probe 110, exciting the ultrasound probe 110 to emit an ultrasound beam towards the subject tissue and receive the echo of the ultrasound beam returned by the subject tissue. The receiving array element of the ultrasound probe 110 receives the echo signal reflected from the region of interest and outputs the echo signal, converted into an electrical signal, to the processor. In this embodiment, the transmit / receive circuit 120 is used to continuously output the transmit / receive sequence to the ultrasound probe 110 multiple times within a period of time, so that the ultrasound probe continuously emits an ultrasound beam towards the subject tissue multiple times. Each emission, after subsequent processing, forms an ultrasound image frame, and the continuous ultrasound image frame data forms ultrasound video data.

[0227] Processor 130 is configured to emit echo signals of ultrasound waves according to an ultrasound imaging mode to obtain images of the subject's tissues, including the diaphragm. Processor 130 identifies the subject's diaphragm region from the images of the subject's tissues based on the image features of the diaphragm. Processor 130 automatically acquires a target M-line of the subject's diaphragm region. Based on the acquired target M-line, processor 130 acquires an M-image of the target M-line. Based on the M-image, processor 130 determines measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region, wherein the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region include at least one of the following: diaphragm region movement amplitude, diaphragm region movement velocity, diaphragm region thickness, diaphragm region thickening rate, and diaphragm region strain rate. Processor 130 is also configured to excite an ultrasound probe to emit ultrasound waves to the subject in a Doppler mode to acquire Doppler images of the target region within the subject's diaphragm region, thereby obtaining the movement velocity of the target region.

[0228] The display 140 is used to display various test results. These results include various graphs or measurement parameters of the intermediate process, which can be presented visually to the operator or the test subject in the form of graphics, images, text, numbers, or charts.

[0229] In one embodiment, based on Figure 1 The ultrasonic measurement system shown above, with reference to Figure 2 As shown, the procedure for its ultrasonic measurement method is as follows:

[0230] Step 11: Excite the ultrasound probe to emit a first ultrasound wave toward the subject's tissue and receive the echo of the first ultrasound wave returned by the subject's tissue to obtain the echo signal of the first ultrasound wave.

[0231] The tissues being tested include the diaphragm. The ultrasound probe can be a linear array probe, a convex array probe, or a phased array probe.

[0232] Step 12: Obtain an image of the subject's tissue based on the echo signal of the first ultrasound.

[0233] Step 13: Identify the diaphragm region of the subject from the images of the subject's tissues based on the image features of the diaphragm.

[0234] In one embodiment, the ultrasound probe can be a convex array probe. Convex array probes have low resolution and a deep imaging area. The processor automatically identifies the diaphragm region of the subject from the image of the subject's tissue, which is roughly an arc. Figure 3 As shown. In this embodiment, a convex array probe is preferred for measuring the amplitude of movement in the diaphragm region and parameters related to the amplitude of movement. It has low resolution, a deep imaging area, and the identified diaphragm region can be approximated as an arc.

[0235] In one embodiment, the ultrasound probe can be a linear array probe. Linear array probes have high resolution and a shallow imaging area. The processor automatically identifies the diaphragm region of the subject from the image of the subject's tissue, and can present the approximate outline of the diaphragm region, including the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region. (Refer to...) Figure 4 As shown. In measuring the thickness of the diaphragm region and related parameters, a linear array probe is preferred because it has high resolution, a shallow imaging area, and can identify the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region, thereby obtaining the measured values ​​of the diaphragm region's thickness and related parameters.

[0236] In one embodiment, based on the image features of the diaphragm, the processor automatically identifies the diaphragm region of the subject from images of the subject's tissues using either pattern recognition or learning methods.

[0237] In one embodiment, the processor can determine the diaphragm region of the subject based on a pattern recognition method. The pattern recognition method identifies the diaphragm region from an image of the subject's tissue based on image features of the diaphragm, such as grayscale or texture features. Then, it performs contrast enhancement processing on the diaphragm region, followed by threshold segmentation and morphological operations to obtain the diaphragm region.

[0238] In one embodiment, the processor can also identify the diaphragm region from images of the subject's tissues using machine learning methods. These machine learning methods include feature-based machine learning and deep learning.

[0239] Before using machine learning methods, it is necessary to first build a database consisting of image frames from ultrasound video data, in which the diaphragm region in each image frame is marked.

[0240] When the machine learning method is a feature-based machine learning method, it is necessary to first extract features of the diaphragm region from each image frame, and then build a classifier to determine its diaphragm region. Features can be extracted using traditional methods such as PCA, LDA, HOG, Haar, and LBP, or using neural networks; the classifier can be a traditional classifier such as KNN, SVM, random forest, or AdaBoost, or it can be a neural network model.

[0241] When the machine learning method is a deep learning method, a neural network model needs to be built, such as CNN models like AlexNet, VGG, Interception, ResNet, and DenseNet, or a multilayer perceptron composed of fully connected layers. Then, the neural network is trained using image frames from the database so that it can predict the diaphragm region based on the input of different image frames.

[0242] In one embodiment, the processor detects the operator's operation of identifying the diaphragm region of the subject in an image of the subject's tissue, and obtains the diaphragm region of the subject in the image of the subject's tissue.

[0243] Step 14: Automatically acquire the target M-line of the diaphragm region of the subject from the image of the subject's tissue.

[0244] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, the processor automatically identifies the diaphragm region of the subject from the image of the subject's tissue as roughly an arc, referring to... Figure 3 As shown.

[0245] The processor automatically acquires several M-lines from the subject's tissue image, representing the diaphragm region. The direction of the M-lines corresponds to the direction of the sound beam emission. In one embodiment, a convex array probe is used, with the M-lines of the diaphragm region passing through the center of the probe and intersecting the roughly curved diaphragm region. There can be one M-line, resulting in one intersection point between the M-line and the curved diaphragm region; or there can be multiple M-lines, resulting in multiple intersection points between the M-lines and the curved diaphragm region. Here, "point" does not refer to a point in the mathematical sense; in this embodiment, a point can represent a single pixel or a set of pixels.

[0246] The processor automatically acquires the angles between several M-lines and the subject's diaphragm region. The M-lines intersect the diaphragm region of the arc at the intersection point. A tangent line is drawn through the intersection point to the diaphragm region of the arc. The angle between the tangent line through the intersection point and the M-line is the angle between the M-line and the subject's diaphragm region.

[0247] The target M-line is determined by the M-line whose included angle meets the first preset condition. The first preset condition is that the included angle meets clinical requirements. Generally, the included angle required in clinical practice is between 60 and 90 degrees, including 60 and 90 degrees. For example, the first preset condition is that the included angle is 90 degrees, as referenced... Figure 3 As shown.

[0248] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, the processor automatically identifies the diaphragm region of the subject from the image of the subject's tissue, which can present the approximate outline of the diaphragm region, including the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region, for reference. Figure 4 As shown.

[0249] The M-line of the subject's tissue image intersects with the subject's diaphragm region. The M-line intersects with the upper edge of the subject's diaphragm region at point a. A tangent is drawn to the upper edge through point a. The angle between the M-line and the tangent to the upper edge is the first angle.

[0250] The M-line is positioned relative to the lower edge of the subject's diaphragm region at point b. A tangent is drawn to the lower edge through point b. The angle between the M-line and the tangent to the lower edge is the second angle. Both the first and second angles are the angles between the M-line and the subject's diaphragm region.

[0251] The processor calculates the sum of the differences between the first included angle, the second included angle and 90 degrees, and at least one M-line whose sum of differences satisfies the first preset condition is determined as at least one target M-line.

[0252] In one embodiment, the first preset condition is that the included angle meets clinical requirements.

[0253] In one embodiment, the first preset condition is that the difference between the first included angle, the second included angle, and 90 degrees is close to 0 degrees. In this case, the M-line can be considered to be perpendicular to the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region, and the measured thickness of the diaphragm region will be more accurate.

[0254] The target M-line can also be determined by dissecting the M-line, which can be in any direction.

[0255] In one embodiment, the processor automatically acquires several anatomical M-lines of the diaphragm region of the subject from a tissue map image. (Reference) Figure 5 As shown, several points are arbitrarily selected within the diaphragm region of the arc. Tangents to the diaphragm region of the arc are drawn through these selected points, and normals to these tangents are drawn through these selected points. These normals are the anatomical M-lines of the diaphragm region. Selecting several points will yield several corresponding anatomical M-lines.

[0256] The processor determines the location of the target M-line based on several anatomical M-lines.

[0257] In one embodiment, the processor automatically acquires the diaphragm region of the subject from the tissue image, which can present the approximate outline of the diaphragm region, including the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region, as referenced. Figure 4 As shown.

[0258] The anatomical M-line of the subject's tissue image intersects with the subject's diaphragm region. In this embodiment, the anatomical M-line and the upper edge of the subject's diaphragm region are compared with point e. A tangent is drawn to the upper edge through point e. The angle formed by the anatomical M-line and the tangent to the upper edge is the third angle.

[0259] The anatomical M-line is positioned relative to the lower edge of the subject's diaphragm region at point g. A tangent is drawn to the lower edge through point g. The angle formed by the anatomical M-line and the tangent to the lower edge is the fourth angle. The third and fourth angles are both angles between the anatomical M-line and the subject's diaphragm region.

[0260] The processor calculates the sum of the differences between the third included angle, the fourth included angle and 90 degrees respectively. The anatomical M-line whose sum of differences satisfies the first preset condition is determined as the target M-line.

[0261] Step 15: Based on the target M-line, obtain an M-image along the target M-line within a first predetermined time period.

[0262] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, the processor determines the target M-line through the M-line of the subject's diaphragm region, the processor controls the transmitting circuit to excite the ultrasound probe to emit a second ultrasound wave toward the target M-line, the receiving circuit controls the ultrasound probe to receive the echo signal of the second ultrasound wave returned by the target M-line, and the processor obtains the M-image of the target M-line based on the echo signal of the second ultrasound wave.

[0263] In one embodiment, the processor can directly acquire the M-image of a determined target M-line based on the first ultrasound echo signal of the acquired tissue image of the subject, without having to acquire the M-image of the target M-line again by emitting a second ultrasound wave to the target M-line.

[0264] The M-image of the target M-line can display the trend of the motion amplitude of all points on the target M-line changing with time during a first predetermined time period, for reference. Figure 6 , 7 As shown. The "points" in "all points" do not refer to a point in the mathematical sense. In this embodiment, a point can represent a single pixel or a set of pixels. The first predetermined time period is at least one movement cycle of the diaphragm, which corresponds to the respiratory cycle.

[0265] Step 16: Based on the M-image of the target M-line, obtain the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject; wherein the subject's tissue includes the diaphragm.

[0266] The processor can automatically obtain the measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region based on the M-image of the target M-line; or the operator can manually obtain the measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region based on the M-image of the target M-line.

[0267] In one embodiment, based on the image features of the diaphragm, an M-image diaphragm region is obtained from the M-image of the target M-line, and measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region are obtained based on the M-image diaphragm region. The M-image diaphragm region can be understood as the region corresponding to the intersection of the diaphragm regions of the target M-line and the arc on the M-image. Here, "point" does not refer to a point in the mathematical sense; in this embodiment, a point can represent a single pixel or a set of pixels. If there are multiple target M-lines, multiple M-image diaphragm regions will be obtained, with each M-image diaphragm region corresponding to one target M-line.

[0268] The measurement parameters for the diaphragm region include at least one of the following: diaphragm region movement amplitude, diaphragm region movement speed, diaphragm region thickness, diaphragm region thickening rate, and diaphragm region strain rate.

[0269] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter of the diaphragm region is the amplitude of movement of the diaphragm region. Based on the identified diaphragm region in the M-image, the extreme high position and extreme low position of the diaphragm region in the M-image are determined. Based on the determined extreme high position and extreme low position, the amplitude of movement of the subject's diaphragm region is determined.

[0270] Convex array probes have low resolution and deep imaging areas. In images of the subject's tissues acquired using a convex array probe, the diaphragm region roughly appears as an arc. (Reference) Figure 3 As shown.

[0271] The target M-line can be one, two, or more, and the corresponding M-graph diaphragm region can be one, two, or more. This embodiment uses one M-graph diaphragm region as an example to illustrate how to determine the range of motion of the diaphragm region.

[0272] In one embodiment, the first predetermined time period is one motion cycle. Within one motion cycle, the diaphragm region in the M-graph corresponds to a set of extremely high and extremely low positions. The distance between the extremely high and extremely low positions in the direction parallel to the target M-line in the M-graph represents the amplitude of the subject's diaphragm region movement. Alternatively, it can be understood that the distance between the extremely high and extremely low positions in the direction perpendicular to the time axis in the M-graph represents the amplitude of the subject's diaphragm region movement.

[0273] If the first predetermined time period consists of two or more exercise cycles, then the diaphragm region in the M-graph corresponds to two or more sets of extremely high and extremely low positions, for reference. Figure 6 As shown, based on the calculation method for the diaphragm region's movement amplitude in one cycle, the movement amplitude of the diaphragm region within each cycle can be determined. Based on the obtained movement amplitude of the diaphragm region in each cycle, clinically, the amplitude can be selected or modified according to the operator's needs to obtain the required movement amplitude of the diaphragm region. For example, based on the obtained movement amplitude of the diaphragm region in each cycle, the average movement amplitude of the diaphragm region across multiple cycles can be calculated. Alternatively, the movement amplitude of any one cycle can be selected as the movement amplitude of the diaphragm region.

[0274] The above embodiments describe a method for determining the range of motion of the diaphragm region in a subject when there is only one M-graph diaphragm region.

[0275] In one embodiment, when multiple M-map diaphragm regions of the subject's diaphragm are obtained from multiple target M-lines, the motion amplitude of each M-map diaphragm region in each motion cycle is determined according to the method described above for determining the motion amplitude of the subject's diaphragm region using a single M-map diaphragm region. Based on this, clinically, the operator can select or modify the model to obtain the desired motion amplitude of the diaphragm region. For example, the average motion amplitude of each M-map diaphragm region within a first predetermined time period can be further determined, and then the average motion amplitude of multiple M-map diaphragm regions can be determined based on the average motion amplitude of each M-map diaphragm region. Alternatively, the average motion amplitude of multiple M-map diaphragm regions within the same motion cycle can be calculated as the motion amplitude of the subject's diaphragm region. In clinical diagnosis, multiple target M-lines are generally selected, so the motion amplitude of the diaphragm region is determined based on multiple M-map diaphragm regions. This method is more accurate and has less error compared to calculating the motion amplitude of the diaphragm region using a single target M-line.

[0276] In one embodiment, a region corresponding to the diaphragm region in the M-image is determined in an image of the subject's tissue based on the position of the target M-line, thus obtaining the region corresponding to the diaphragm region in the M-image; a first-type identifier is displayed on the region corresponding to the diaphragm region in the M-image, and the position of the first-type identifier is dynamically updated to describe the movement trajectory of the region corresponding to the diaphragm region in the M-image. (Reference) Figure 8 As shown, the first type of identifier can be a dot, a square, a circle, or other form. Displaying the first type of identifier on the corresponding area of ​​the diaphragm region in the M-image allows the operator to intuitively obtain the location information of the corresponding diaphragm region in the subject's tissue image, and also to intuitively understand the movement information of the corresponding area of ​​the diaphragm region over time.

[0277] The first type of label can also represent richer information about the corresponding area of ​​the diaphragm region in the M-map. For example, the direction of the first type of label indicates the direction of movement of the corresponding area of ​​the diaphragm region in the M-map; or the length of the first type of label indicates the amplitude of movement of the corresponding area of ​​the diaphragm region in the M-map. This provides the operator with richer and more comprehensive information, which is beneficial for clinical diagnosis.

[0278] Based on the above embodiments, the corresponding regions of the diaphragm area in multiple M-graphs can also be displayed differently.

[0279] In one embodiment, the target M-line includes multiple target M-lines, the M-map diaphragm region includes multiple M-map diaphragm regions, wherein each M-map diaphragm region corresponds to one target M-line; the M-map diaphragm region corresponding region obtained based on the target M-lines includes multiple M-map diaphragm region corresponding regions, wherein each M-map diaphragm region corresponding region corresponds to one M-map diaphragm region; the first type identifier includes multiple first type identifiers, wherein each first type identifier corresponds to one M-map diaphragm region; wherein the multiple first type identifiers are displayed in different colors.

[0280] This embodiment uses the M-map diaphragm region as an example, comprising three corresponding regions of the M-map diaphragm region. To better explain this implementation scheme, the three corresponding regions of the M-map diaphragm region are respectively named the first corresponding region, the second corresponding region, and the third corresponding region. (Refer to...) Figure 8 As shown in the figure. The first corresponding region, the second corresponding region, and the third corresponding region are each displayed using three first-type identifiers. The first corresponding region, the second corresponding region, and the third corresponding region are located in different colors according to their respective first-type identifiers, so as to indicate that the corresponding region of each M-graph diaphragm region is located in a different position in the subject's diaphragm region.

[0281] Based on the above embodiments, a trend graph of the movement amplitude of the diaphragm region over time can also be displayed (M-graph).

[0282] In one embodiment, a trend graph showing the change in the motion amplitude of the diaphragm region in the M-graph over time is obtained, and the trend graph is processed and displayed on the control screen. The diaphragm region in the M-graph includes one, two, or more M-graph diaphragm regions, with each diaphragm region corresponding to a displayed trend graph. This allows the operator to clearly and intuitively obtain the motion amplitude information of the intersection area between the target M-line and the diaphragm region over a period of time.

[0283] Based on the above embodiments, trend charts for multiple M-graph diaphragm regions can be displayed differently; furthermore, the color of the trend chart for each M-graph diaphragm region can be the same as or related to the color of its corresponding first type identifier.

[0284] In one embodiment, a trend graph of the change in the motion amplitude of each M-graph diaphragm region over time is obtained, resulting in multiple trend graphs; the multiple trend graphs are displayed in different colors; wherein the trend graph corresponding to any one of the multiple M-graph diaphragm regions has the same or related color as the first type identifier corresponding to that any one M-graph diaphragm region.

[0285] refer to Figure 8As shown, L1, L2, and L3 represent the motion amplitude trend graphs for the first, second, and third corresponding regions, respectively. The first corresponding region is the same as or related to L1 in color, the second corresponding region is the same as or related to L2 in color, and the third corresponding region is the same as or related to L3 in color. Through these differentiated and correlated display methods, the operator can clearly obtain information on the changes in motion amplitude over time at different locations on the diaphragm region of the subject, which is beneficial for the operator to gain a more comprehensive and detailed understanding of the motion information of different parts of the diaphragm region.

[0286] In one embodiment, the measurement parameters for the diaphragm region can also be the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region. Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the subject's M-image diaphragm region is identified in the M-image of the target M-line, and the thickness or thickening rate of the subject's diaphragm region is obtained based on the M-image diaphragm region.

[0287] Linear array probes offer high resolution and a shallow imaging area. Images of the diaphragm region acquired using a linear array probe can show a roughly defined outline with thickness. (Reference) Figure 4 As shown.

[0288] In one embodiment, the M-map diaphragm region includes an identified upper edge region and a lower edge region. The maximum and minimum values ​​of the distance between the identified upper edge region and the lower edge region of the M-map diaphragm region are determined, and the thickness or thickening rate of the subject's diaphragm region is determined based on the maximum and minimum values.

[0289] The diaphragm region in the M diagram can be one, or two or more. This embodiment uses one M diagram diaphragm region as an example to illustrate how to determine the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region.

[0290] In one embodiment, the first predetermined time period is one motion cycle. The distance between the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region in the M-graph is determined to correspond to a set of maximum and minimum values ​​within one motion cycle, as referenced. Figure 7 As shown. Clinically, the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region can be selected or modified based on the operator's needs to obtain the desired thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region. For example, the average of the maximum and minimum values ​​can be used as the thickness of the subject's diaphragm region. Alternatively, without calculating the average thickness, the obtained maximum and minimum values ​​can be directly used as the thickness of the diaphragm region. The thickening rate is (maximum thickness - minimum thickness) / minimum thickness. By using the formulas for calculating the maximum, minimum, and thickening rate, the thickening rate of the subject's diaphragm region can be determined.

[0291] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the distance between the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region in the M diagram is the distance between the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region in the M diagram in the parallel direction of the area corresponding to the target M line in the M diagram. The distance between the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region in the M diagram can be understood as the thickness of the diaphragm region in the M diagram.

[0292] When the first predetermined time period is two or more exercise cycles, the diaphragm region in the M-graph corresponds to two or more sets of maximum and minimum values. Based on the above method, the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region within each cycle can be determined. Clinically, the selection or modification can be made based on the operator's needs to obtain the required range of motion for the diaphragm region. For example, the maximum and minimum values ​​within each exercise cycle are statistically analyzed, and the average thickness and thickening rate within each exercise cycle are calculated. Then, the average thickness across multiple exercise cycles is calculated using the average thickness within each exercise cycle; this average thickness across multiple exercise cycles is the thickness of the diaphragm region. Similarly, the average thickening rate across multiple exercise cycles is calculated using the thickening rate within each exercise cycle; this average thickening rate across multiple exercise cycles is the thickening rate of the diaphragm region. Alternatively, the average thickness of any one exercise cycle can be used as the thickness of the subject's diaphragm region. Or, the maximum and minimum values ​​of any one cycle can be directly used as the thickness of the subject's diaphragm region. The thickening rate of any one exercise cycle can be used as the thickening rate of the subject's diaphragm region.

[0293] The above embodiments describe a method for determining the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region in a subject when there is only one M-graph diaphragm region.

[0294] In one embodiment, when multiple M-map diaphragm regions of the subject's diaphragm are obtained from multiple target M-lines, the thickness or thickening rate of the subject's diaphragm region is determined in each M-map diaphragm region during each movement cycle, following the method described above for determining the thickness or thickening rate of the subject's diaphragm region using a single M-map diaphragm region. Clinically, the selection or variation can be based on the operator's needs to obtain the required range of motion of the diaphragm region. For example, the average thickness or thickening rate of each M-map diaphragm region during a first predetermined time period can be further determined, and then the average thickness or average thickening rate of multiple M-map diaphragm regions can be determined based on the average thickness or thickening rate of each M-map diaphragm region. Alternatively, the average thickness or thickening rate of multiple M-map diaphragm regions within the same movement cycle can be calculated as the thickness or thickening rate of the subject's diaphragm region. In clinical diagnosis, multiple target M-lines are generally selected, so the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region is determined based on multiple M-map diaphragm regions. This is more accurate and has less error compared to calculating the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region using a single target M-line.

[0295] In one embodiment, regions corresponding to the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region in the subject's tissue image are determined based on the position of the target M-line, thus obtaining the region corresponding to the diaphragm edge region in the M-line. A second type of identifier is displayed on the region corresponding to the diaphragm region in the M-line, and the position of the second type of identifier is dynamically updated to describe the movement trajectory of the region corresponding to the diaphragm edge region in the M-line. The second type of identifier may be the same as or different from the first type of identifier; here, the first and second type of identifiers are only used to distinguish between identifiers used in measurements of different parameters in the diaphragm region.

[0296] The second type of marker is displayed on the corresponding area of ​​the diaphragm edge in the M-map. The operator can intuitively obtain the position information of the upper and lower edge areas of the diaphragm region in the subject's tissue image, and can also intuitively understand the movement information of the corresponding area of ​​the diaphragm edge region in the M-map over time.

[0297] Based on the above embodiments, the corresponding areas of the diaphragm edge region in multiple M-graphs can also be displayed differently.

[0298] In one embodiment, the target M-line includes multiple target M-lines, and the M-image diaphragm region includes multiple M-image diaphragm regions, wherein each M-image diaphragm region corresponds to one target M-line; the M-image diaphragm edge region corresponding region obtained according to the target M-line includes multiple M-image diaphragm edge region corresponding regions, wherein each M-image diaphragm edge region corresponding region corresponds to one M-image diaphragm region, and each M-image diaphragm edge region corresponding region includes an upper edge region corresponding region and a lower edge region corresponding region; the second type identifier includes multiple second type identifiers, wherein each second type identifier corresponds to one M-image diaphragm region; wherein the multiple second type identifiers are displayed in different colors.

[0299] Based on the above embodiments, a trend diagram of the distance between the upper and lower edge regions of the diaphragm region in Figure M can also be displayed as a function of time, that is, a trend diagram of the thickness of the diaphragm region in Figure M as a function of time can also be displayed.

[0300] In one embodiment, a trend graph showing the distance between the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region in the M-map is obtained over time, and the process controls the display to show the trend graph. The M-map diaphragm region includes one, two, or more M-map diaphragm regions, each corresponding to an upper and lower edge region. The change in the distance between the upper and lower edges of each M-map diaphragm region over time corresponds to a trend graph, allowing the operator to clearly and intuitively obtain information on the thickness change of the intersection area of ​​the target M-line and the diaphragm region over a period of time.

[0301] Based on the above embodiments, the trend charts showing the change in distance between the upper and lower edge regions of the diaphragm regions in multiple M-graphs over time can be displayed differently; furthermore, the color of the trend chart corresponding to each M-graph diaphragm region can be the same as or related to the color of its corresponding first type identifier.

[0302] In one embodiment, a trend chart of the distance between the upper and lower edges of each M-map diaphragm region over time is obtained, resulting in multiple trend charts. These trend charts are displayed using different colors. The trend chart corresponding to any one of the multiple M-map diaphragm regions has the same or related color to the first type of identifier corresponding to that same M-map diaphragm region. Through the above-described differentiated and correlated display methods, the operator can intuitively and clearly obtain the thickness change trend information corresponding to different positions on the diaphragm region of the test subject.

[0303] Through the above embodiments, the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject can be determined by obtaining the M-map diaphragm region. The measurement parameters include the amplitude of motion, or the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region of the subject can also be determined, or the motion speed of the diaphragm region can be obtained based on the obtained motion amplitude and motion time information, or the diaphragm strain rate, including longitudinal strain rate and radial strain rate, can be further measured based on the thickness information of the diaphragm region.

[0304] The measurement parameters determined by the diaphragm region in the M-map described above allow the operator to obtain approximate motion status information of the diaphragm region. Furthermore, this embodiment can also display information on the changes of each measurement parameter over time, such as the trend of the diaphragm region's motion amplitude in the M-map over time, and information on the thickness of the diaphragm edge region in the M-map over time. This real-time status information provides the operator with more comprehensive and accurate reference information, thereby enabling a more accurate assessment of whether to remove the breathing device from the subject.

[0305] Other measurement parameters are similar to those for motion amplitude parameters, and will not be illustrated further here.

[0306] In one embodiment, the movement velocity of the diaphragm region of the subject can be obtained based on the movement amplitude and movement time of the diaphragm region. The movement velocity of the diaphragm region can also be obtained based on ultrasound images obtained using the Doppler principle. This embodiment provides an ultrasound measurement method for the movement velocity of the diaphragm, and the process of the ultrasound measurement method is as follows:

[0307] Step 21: Excite the ultrasound probe to emit a first ultrasound wave toward the tissue of the subject and receive the echo of the first ultrasound wave returned by the tissue of the subject to obtain the echo signal of the first ultrasound wave.

[0308] Step 22: Obtain the first ultrasound image based on the echo signal of the first ultrasound.

[0309] Step 23: Identify the diaphragm region of the subject from the first ultrasound image based on the image features of the diaphragm;

[0310] Step 24: Select the target region in the diaphragm region of the subject in the first ultrasound image;

[0311] Step 25: Excite the ultrasound probe to emit a second ultrasound wave into the tissue of the subject in Doppler mode, and receive the echo of the second ultrasound wave returned by the tissue of the subject to obtain the echo signal of the second ultrasound wave;

[0312] Step 26: Obtain a Doppler image of the target area based on the echo signal of the second ultrasonic wave;

[0313] Step 27: Determine the motion velocity of the diaphragm region of the subject based on the Doppler image of the target region; wherein the subject's tissues include the diaphragm.

[0314] Based on this embodiment, Doppler images include all types of images obtained based on the Doppler principle, including C-mode images, D-mode images, and spectral Doppler images.

[0315] In step 25, the ultrasound probe is activated to emit a second ultrasound wave into the subject's tissue in a Doppler mode. This includes emitting the second ultrasound wave into the tissue region containing the diaphragm, or emitting it into the diaphragm region determined in step 23, or emitting it into the target region determined in step 24. Based on the echo signal of the second ultrasound wave in step 25, a Doppler image of the target region is obtained. Based on the Doppler image of the target region, the movement velocity of the subject's diaphragm region is determined.

[0316] The movement of the diaphragm region in a test subject can characterize the subject's effort to breathe spontaneously. Clinically, the subject's effort to breathe spontaneously is usually one of the key factors in assessing whether a test subject can be weaned off ventilators. Therefore, there is a quantitative relationship between the measurement parameters obtained based on the movement of the subject's diaphragm region and the assessment of whether a test subject can be weaned off ventilators.

[0317] In one embodiment, the subject is in a standby state with the breathing device. Based on the determined measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region, a prompt message is output to prompt the operator whether to remove the subject's breathing device. The measurement parameters include at least one of the following: diaphragm region movement amplitude, diaphragm region movement speed, diaphragm region thickness, diaphragm region thickening rate, and diaphragm region strain rate.

[0318] The following explanation uses the measurement parameters of motion amplitude and thickness increase rate as examples.

[0319] In one embodiment, the measured parameter is the amplitude of motion. The amplitude of motion is compared to a first threshold. When the amplitude of motion is less than or equal to the first threshold, an output message prompting the operator that the subject needs to continue using the breathing device is generated. Alternatively, when the amplitude of motion is greater than the first threshold, an output message prompting the operator that the subject's breathing device can be removed is generated. The first threshold is generally derived from clinical experience and may vary depending on the actual clinical situation. The first threshold can be automatically set by the processor or manually set by the operator based on the actual situation.

[0320] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the thickening rate. The thickening rate is compared to a second threshold. When the thickening rate is less than or equal to the second threshold, an output message prompting the operator that the subject needs to continue using the breathing device is triggered. Alternatively, when the thickening rate is greater than the second threshold, an output message prompting the operator that the subject's breathing device can be removed is triggered. The second threshold is generally derived from clinical experience and can vary depending on the actual clinical situation. The second threshold can be automatically set by the processor or manually set by the operator based on the actual situation.

[0321] The amplitude of movement and the thickening rate can be used individually to assess whether the subject's breathing equipment can be removed. Other measurement parameters can also be used individually to assess whether the subject's breathing equipment can be removed. The specific thresholds will vary depending on the measurement parameters.

[0322] The range of motion or thickening rate can also be comprehensively analyzed in conjunction with the subject's preset physiological signals. Based on the comprehensive analysis results, the operator can assess whether the subject's breathing equipment can be removed.

[0323] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the amplitude of movement. The preset physiological signals of the subject are acquired, and the amplitude of movement and the preset physiological signals of the subject are analyzed together to output a prompt message to prompt the operator whether to remove the breathing device of the subject.

[0324] Let's take the diaphragm's range of motion and respiratory rate as an example for specific explanation. The ratio between respiratory rate and diaphragm range of motion is calculated as the comprehensive analysis result. This ratio helps doctors determine whether the ventilator can be removed. For example, if the ratio between respiratory rate and diaphragm displacement is not greater than a certain threshold, the ventilator can be removed. For example, this threshold could be 1.3 breaths / (minutes * millimeters).

[0325] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the thickening rate. The preset physiological signal of the subject is acquired, and the thickening rate and the preset physiological signal of the subject are comprehensively analyzed to output a prompt message to prompt the operator whether to remove the breathing device of the subject.

[0326] Based on the above embodiments, the preset physiological signals include at least one of the following: respiratory rate, respiratory volume, spontaneous tidal volume, heart rate, oxygen saturation, arterial blood gas parameters, blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin, body temperature, coma index, and metabolic index.

[0327] Similarly, other measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm can be combined with the subject's preset physiological signals for comprehensive analysis. Based on the comprehensive analysis results, the operator can assess whether the subject's breathing equipment can be removed. Further examples will not be provided here.

[0328] In one embodiment, the amplitude of motion or the rate of thickening can also be combined with the ultrasound image measurement indicators of the subject for comprehensive analysis. Based on the comprehensive analysis results, the operator can assess whether the subject's breathing equipment can be removed.

[0329] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the amplitude of movement. Ultrasound images of preset tissues of the subject are acquired, and preset measurement indicators are obtained from these images. The amplitude of movement and the preset measurement indicators of the subject are comprehensively analyzed, and a prompt message is output to indicate to the operator whether to remove the breathing device from the subject. For example, the amplitude of diaphragmatic movement and cardiac output parameters are comprehensively analyzed to generate a quantitative indicator. This quantitative indicator is compared with a preset threshold, and the comparison result can be used to assess whether the breathing device can be removed.

[0330] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter is the thickening rate. An ultrasound image of a preset tissue of the subject is acquired, and a preset measurement index is obtained from the ultrasound image of the preset tissue. The thickening rate and the preset measurement index of the subject are comprehensively analyzed, and a prompt message is output to prompt the operator whether to remove the breathing device of the subject.

[0331] Based on the above embodiments, wherein the preset tissue package contains cardiac tissue, and the preset measurement...

[0332] The indicators include at least one of the following: left ventricular ejection fraction, diastolic function parameters, cardiac output, left ventricular outflow tract velocity-time integral (VTI), and inferior vena cava (IVC) parameters. The IVC parameters include the end-expiratory diameter of the inferior vena cava, the end-inspiratory diameter of the inferior vena cava, the collapse rate of the inferior vena cava, the dilation rate of the inferior vena cava, and the variability rate of the inferior vena cava.

[0333] In one embodiment, the preset tissue includes lung tissue, and the preset measurement index includes the number of B-lines or lung ultrasound score.

[0334] Similarly, other measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm can be combined with the subject's ultrasound data for comprehensive analysis. Based on the comprehensive analysis results, the operator can assess whether the subject's breathing equipment can be removed. Further examples will not be provided here.

[0335] In one embodiment, an ultrasound measurement method for the diaphragm is provided, the flowchart of which is referenced. Figure 9 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0336] Step 31: Excite the ultrasound probe to emit a first ultrasound wave toward the tissue of the subject and receive the echo of the first ultrasound wave returned by the tissue of the subject to obtain the echo signal of the first ultrasound wave.

[0337] Step 32: Obtain an image of the subject's tissue based on the echo signal of the first ultrasound.

[0338] Step 33: Identify the diaphragm region of the subject from the image of the subject's tissues based on the image features of the diaphragm;

[0339] Step 34: Obtain the target M-line of the diaphragm region of the subject from the image of the subject's tissue;

[0340] Step 35: Based on the target M-line, obtain the M-image along the target M-line within a second predetermined time period;

[0341] Step 36: Based on the M-image of the target M-line, obtain the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject; wherein, the subject's tissue includes the diaphragm.

[0342] In this embodiment, step 34 includes the processor automatically acquiring the target M-line of the diaphragm region of the subject from the image of the subject's tissue, or the operator manually acquiring the target M-line of the diaphragm region of the subject from the image of the subject's tissue. Other steps are as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0343] The above embodiments provide an ultrasound measurement method and system for the diaphragm. A processor acquires images of the subject's tissues. Based on the image characteristics of the diaphragm, the processor identifies the diaphragm region within the tissue images. The processor acquires a target M-line of the diaphragm region. Based on the target M-line, an M-image of the target M-line is acquired. Measurement parameters for the diaphragm region are determined based on the acquired M-image. Automated measurement of the diaphragm region using ultrasound simplifies the doctor's operation and increases measurement accuracy, providing more precise reference information for doctors to predict and assess the timing of ultrasound withdrawal.

[0344] In one embodiment, an ultrasonic measurement system is provided, with reference to Figure 1 As shown, including super

[0345] The instrument includes an acoustic probe 110, a transmitting and receiving circuit 120, a processor 130, and a display 140.

[0346] The processor 130 is used to emit echo signals of ultrasound waves according to an ultrasound imaging mode to obtain images of the subject's tissues, which include multiple frames. The subject's tissues include the diaphragm. The processor 130 identifies the subject's diaphragm region from a first image in the multiple frames based on the image features of the diaphragm. The processor 130 selects a tracking region within the subject's diaphragm region in the first image. The processor 130 searches for a matching region corresponding to the tracking region in the remaining images in the multiple frames. The processor 130 obtains the motion trajectory of the tracking region within a third predetermined time period based on the tracking region and the matching region. Based on the motion trajectory of the tracking region, the processor 130 determines the measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region.

[0347] The ultrasonic probe 110, transmitting circuit, receiving circuit 120, and display 140 in the ultrasonic measurement system are described above and will not be repeated here.

[0348] In one embodiment, based on Figure 1 The ultrasonic measurement system shown above, with reference to Figure 10 As shown, the procedure for its ultrasonic measurement method is as follows:

[0349] Step 41: Excite the ultrasound probe to emit ultrasound waves toward the subject's tissue and receive the echo of the ultrasound waves returned by the subject's tissue to obtain the echo signal of the ultrasound waves.

[0350] The tissues being tested include the diaphragm. The ultrasound probe can be a linear array probe, a convex array probe, or a phased array probe.

[0351] Step 42: Obtain an image of the subject's tissue based on the echo signal of the ultrasound, wherein the image of the subject's tissue includes multiple frames.

[0352] By controlling the ultrasound probe to always emit ultrasound waves at the same location on the subject, the acquired multiple ultrasound images can be considered as images acquired from the same tissue area. Unavoidable minor errors can be disregarded, such as slight shaking or movement by the operator during probe control.

[0353] Step 43: Identify the diaphragm region of the subject from the first image in the multi-frame images based on the image features of the diaphragm.

[0354] In one embodiment, the ultrasound probe can be a convex array probe. The convex array probe has low resolution and a deep imaging area. The processor automatically identifies the diaphragm region of the subject from the image of the subject's tissue as roughly an arc.

[0355] In one embodiment, the ultrasound probe can be a linear array probe. Linear array probes have high resolution and shallow imaging areas. The processor can automatically identify the diaphragm region of the subject from the image of the subject's tissue, and can present the approximate outline of the diaphragm region, including the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region.

[0356] In one embodiment, based on the image features of the diaphragm, the processor automatically identifies the subject's diaphragm region from the first image in a multi-frame image using either pattern recognition or learning methods.

[0357] In one embodiment, the processor can determine the diaphragm region of the subject based on a pattern recognition method. The pattern recognition method identifies the diaphragm region from an image of the subject's tissue based on image features of the diaphragm, such as grayscale or texture features. Then, it performs contrast enhancement processing on the diaphragm region, followed by threshold segmentation and morphological operations to obtain the diaphragm region.

[0358] In one embodiment, the processor can also identify the diaphragm region from the first image based on machine learning methods. These machine learning methods include feature-based machine learning and deep learning methods. Referring to the preceding description, further details will not be repeated here.

[0359] In one embodiment, the processor detects the operator's operation of identifying the subject's diaphragm region in the first image and obtains the subject's diaphragm region in the first image.

[0360] Step 44: Select the tracking area in the diaphragm region of the subject in the first image.

[0361] The processor can automatically select the diaphragm region of the subject in the first image.

[0362] The tracking area can be selected manually by the operator within the diaphragm region of the subject in the first image.

[0363] In one embodiment, a tracking region is randomly selected in the diaphragm region of the subject in the first image, or at least three tracking regions with equal interdiaphragmatic distances are selected in the diaphragm region of the subject in the first image.

[0364] Step 45: Search for the first image in the remaining images of the multi-frame image set.

[0365] The matching region corresponding to the trace region.

[0366] The acquired multi-frame ultrasound images can essentially be considered as images acquired from the same tissue region, which is a prerequisite for the speckle tracking method. The search can be based on the tracking region in the first image, or it can be based on matching regions already identified in other frames besides the first image.

[0367] In one embodiment, a matching region corresponding to the tracking point in the first frame is searched in the remaining images of the multi-frame image, with reference to... Figure 11 As shown, matching can be performed based on neighborhood feature values, which can be statistical values ​​such as the mean gray level and variance within the neighborhood.

[0368] Step 46: Obtain the motion trajectory of the tracking area within a third predetermined time period based on the tracking area and the matching area.

[0369] The third predetermined time period is at least one diaphragmatic movement cycle.

[0370] Step 47: Based on the motion trajectory, determine the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject; wherein the subject's tissues include the diaphragm.

[0371] The processor can automatically obtain the measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region based on the motion trajectory; or the operator can manually obtain the measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region based on the motion trajectory.

[0372] The measurement parameters for the diaphragm region include at least one of the following: diaphragm region movement amplitude, diaphragm region movement speed, diaphragm region thickness, diaphragm region thickening rate, and diaphragm region strain rate.

[0373] In one embodiment, the measurement parameter for the diaphragm region is the amplitude of movement of the diaphragm region. Based on the acquired movement trajectory of the tracked area, the highest and lowest positions of the movement trajectory within a third predetermined time period are obtained; based on the determined highest and lowest positions, the amplitude of movement of the subject's diaphragm region is determined.

[0374] Convex array probes have low resolution and deep imaging areas. In images of the subject's tissues acquired using a convex array probe, the diaphragm region roughly appears as an arc. (Reference) Figure 3 As shown.

[0375] One tracking region corresponds to one motion trajectory. There can be one, two, or more tracking regions, and the corresponding motion trajectories can be one, two, or more. This embodiment uses one motion trajectory as an example to illustrate how to determine the motion amplitude measurement of the diaphragm region.

[0376] In one embodiment, the first predetermined time period is a motion cycle, and within one motion cycle of the motion trajectory, there is a set of extremely high positions and extremely low positions. The distance between the extremely high positions and extremely low positions in the direction perpendicular to the time axis in the motion trajectory is the motion amplitude of the subject's diaphragm region.

[0377] If the first predetermined time period consists of two or more movement cycles, then the movement trajectory corresponds to two or more sets of extremely high and extremely low positions. Based on the calculation method for the movement amplitude of a single movement trajectory, the movement amplitude of the movement trajectory within each cycle can be determined. Clinically, based on the obtained movement amplitude of each cycle's movement trajectory, the operator can select or modify the amplitude according to their needs to obtain the required movement amplitude of the diaphragm region, as mentioned earlier, and will not be repeated here.

[0378] The above embodiments describe a method for determining the range of motion of the diaphragm region of a subject when there is only one motion trajectory.

[0379] In one embodiment, when acquiring multiple motion trajectories of the subject's diaphragm region from multiple tracking areas, the motion amplitude of each motion trajectory within each motion cycle is determined according to the method described above for determining the motion amplitude of the subject's diaphragm region using a single motion trajectory. Based on this, clinically, the selected or modified trajectories can be chosen according to the operator's needs to obtain the required motion amplitude of the diaphragm region, as described above and will not be repeated here. In clinical diagnosis, multiple tracking areas are generally selected, so the motion amplitude of the diaphragm region is determined based on multiple motion trajectories. This method is more accurate and has less error compared to calculating the motion amplitude of the diaphragm region using only one tracking area.

[0380] In one embodiment, a first-type identifier is displayed on the tracking area, and the position of the first-type identifier is dynamically updated to describe the motion trajectory of the tracking area. The first-type identifier can be a dot, a square, a circle, or other form. By displaying the first-type identifier on the tracking area, the operator can intuitively obtain the position information of the tracking area corresponding to the motion trajectory on the image of the subject's tissue, and also intuitively understand the change in the amplitude of the tracking area's motion over time.

[0381] Type I markers can also represent richer information about the tracked area. For example, the direction of the type I marker can indicate the direction of movement of the tracked area; or the length of the type I marker can indicate the amplitude of movement of the tracked area. This provides the operator with richer and more comprehensive information, which is beneficial for clinical diagnosis.

[0382] Based on the above embodiments, multiple tracking areas can also be displayed differently.

[0383] In one embodiment, the tracking area includes multiple tracking areas, and the first type identifier includes multiple first type identifiers, wherein each first type identifier corresponds to a tracking area; wherein the multiple first type identifiers are displayed in different colors.

[0384] This embodiment uses a tracking area comprising three tracking areas as an example for illustration. To better explain this implementation scheme, the three tracking areas are named the first tracking area, the second tracking area, and the third tracking area, respectively. (Reference) Figure 12 As shown, the first tracking area, the second tracking area, and the third tracking area are each displayed using three first-type identifiers. The first tracking area, the second tracking area, and the third tracking area are located at different positions in the subject's diaphragm region, with each first-type identifier displayed in a different color.

[0385] Based on the above embodiments, a trend graph showing the change of the motion amplitude of the tracking area over time can also be displayed.

[0386] In one embodiment, a trend graph showing the change in motion amplitude of the tracking area over time is obtained, and the process controls the display to show the trend graph. The tracking area includes one, two, or more tracking areas, with each tracking area corresponding to a displayed trend graph. This allows the operator to clearly and intuitively obtain information about the motion amplitude of the tracking area over a period of time.

[0387] Based on the above embodiments, trend graphs showing the change of motion amplitude over time in multiple tracking areas can be displayed differently; furthermore, the color of the trend graph corresponding to each tracking area can be the same as or associated with the color of the first type identifier corresponding to each tracking area.

[0388] In one embodiment, a trend graph of the motion amplitude of each tracking area changing over time is obtained, resulting in multiple trend graphs; the multiple trend graphs are displayed in different colors; wherein the trend graph corresponding to any one of the multiple tracking areas has the same or related color to the first type identifier corresponding to that tracking area.

[0389] refer to Figure 12As shown, M1, M2, and M3 represent the motion amplitude trend graphs for the first, second, and third tracking regions, respectively. The first tracking region is either the same color as or related to M1, the second tracking region is either the same color as or related to M2, and the third tracking region is either the same color as or related to M3. Through these differentiated and correlated display methods, the operator can clearly obtain the motion amplitude information corresponding to different positions on the diaphragm region of the subject.

[0390] In one embodiment, the measurement parameters for the diaphragm region can also be the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region. The thickness or thickening rate of the subject's diaphragm region is determined based on the movement trajectory of the tracked region during a third predetermined time period.

[0391] Linear array probes offer high resolution and a shallow imaging area. Images of the diaphragm region acquired using a linear array probe can show a roughly defined outline with thickness. (Reference) Figure 4 As shown.

[0392] In one embodiment, the motion trajectory of the tracking area includes an upper edge region and a lower edge region, the maximum and minimum values ​​of the distance between the upper edge region and the lower edge region of the motion trajectory are determined, and the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region of the subject is determined based on the maximum and minimum values.

[0393] The tracking area can be one, two or more, and one tracking area corresponds to one motion trajectory. This embodiment uses one tracking area as an example to illustrate how to determine the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm area.

[0394] In one embodiment, the first predetermined time period is one motion cycle, and the distance between the upper and lower edges of the motion trajectory of the tracked area corresponds to a set of maximum and minimum values ​​within one motion cycle. Clinically, these values ​​can be selected or modified based on the operator's needs to obtain the desired thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region. For example, the average of the maximum and minimum values ​​can be used as the thickness of the subject's diaphragm region. Alternatively, without calculating the average thickness, the obtained maximum and minimum values ​​can be directly used as the thickness of the diaphragm region. The thickening rate is (maximum thickness - minimum thickness) / minimum thickness. Using the formulas for calculating the maximum, minimum, and thickening rate, the thickening rate of the subject's diaphragm region can be determined.

[0395] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the distance between the upper and lower edges of the motion trajectory of the tracking area is the distance between the upper and lower edges of the motion trajectory of the tracking area in the direction perpendicular to the time axis of the motion trajectory. The distance between the upper and lower edges of the motion trajectory of the tracking area can be understood as the thickness of the tracking area.

[0396] When the first predetermined time period is two or more exercise cycles, the tracking area corresponds to two or more sets of maximum and minimum values. Based on the above method, the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region within each cycle can be determined. Clinically, the selection or variation can be based on the operator's needs to obtain the desired diaphragm region thickness or thickening rate. Referring to the previous description, it will not be repeated here.

[0397] The above embodiments describe a method for determining the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region of a subject when a tracking area is selected.

[0398] In one embodiment, when multiple motion trajectories of the subject's diaphragm region are acquired from multiple tracking regions, the thickness or thickening rate of the subject's diaphragm region is determined for each tracking region in each motion cycle, following the method described above for determining the thickness or thickening rate of the subject's diaphragm region using a single tracking region. Clinically, the selection or variation can be based on the operator's needs to obtain the required range of motion of the diaphragm region, as described above and will not be repeated here. In clinical diagnosis, multiple tracking regions are generally selected, so the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region is determined based on the motion trajectories of multiple tracking regions. This method is more accurate and has less error compared to calculating the thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region using the motion trajectory of a single tracking region.

[0399] In one embodiment, regions corresponding to the upper and lower edges of the motion trajectory are determined in an image of the subject's tissue based on the location of the tracking area, thus obtaining regions corresponding to the edge regions of the motion trajectory. A second type of identifier is displayed on these regions, and the position of the second type of identifier is dynamically updated to describe the motion trajectory of the corresponding region. The second type of identifier may be the same as or different from the first type of identifier; here, the first and second type of identifiers are only used to distinguish between identifiers used in measurements of different parameters in the diaphragm region.

[0400] The second type of identifier is displayed on the corresponding area of ​​the motion trajectory edge. The operator can intuitively obtain the position information of the upper and lower edge areas of the motion trajectory on the image of the subject's tissue, and can also intuitively understand the motion information of the corresponding area of ​​the motion trajectory edge area over time.

[0401] Based on the above embodiments, different display can also be performed on the corresponding areas of multiple motion trajectory edge regions.

[0402] In one embodiment, the tracking area includes multiple tracking areas, and the motion trajectory includes multiple motion trajectories, wherein each motion trajectory corresponds to a tracking area; the motion trajectory edge region corresponding area obtained according to the tracking area includes multiple motion trajectory edge region corresponding areas, wherein each motion trajectory edge region corresponding area corresponds to a motion trajectory, and each motion trajectory edge region corresponding area includes an upper edge region corresponding area and a lower edge region corresponding area; the second type identifier includes multiple second type identifiers, wherein each second type identifier corresponds to a motion trajectory area; wherein the multiple second type identifiers are displayed in different colors.

[0403] This embodiment uses three corresponding regions of the motion trajectory edge region as an example for illustration. To better explain this implementation scheme, the three corresponding regions of the motion trajectory edge region are respectively named the first edge corresponding region, the second edge corresponding region, and the third edge corresponding region. (Reference) Figure 13 As shown, the first edge corresponding region, the second edge corresponding region, and the third edge corresponding region are displayed using the second type of identifier. The second type of identifiers of the first edge corresponding region, the second edge corresponding region, and the third edge corresponding region are displayed in different colors to distinguish the different positions of the tracking region in the diaphragm region of the subject.

[0404] Based on the above embodiments, a trend graph showing the distance between the upper and lower edge regions of the motion trajectory changing over time can also be displayed.

[0405] In one embodiment, a trend graph showing the distance between the upper and lower edge regions of the motion trajectory changes over time is obtained, and the display is processed to show the trend graph. The motion trajectory of the tracking area includes one, two, or more motion trajectories, each with an upper and lower edge region. The change in the distance between the upper and lower edge regions of each motion trajectory over time corresponds to the display of a trend graph, specifically showing the trend of the thickness of each tracking area changing over time. This allows the operator to clearly and intuitively obtain information about the change in the thickness of the tracking area over a period of time.

[0406] Based on the above embodiments, the trend charts showing the distance between the upper and lower edge regions of the motion trajectory of multiple tracking regions over time can be displayed differently; furthermore, the color of the trend chart corresponding to the thickness change of each tracking region can be the same as or related to the color of the second type identifier corresponding to each tracking region.

[0407] In one embodiment, a trend chart of the distance between the upper and lower edges of the motion trajectory of each tracking region over time is obtained, resulting in multiple trend charts. These multiple trend charts are displayed using different colors; wherein the trend chart corresponding to any one of the multiple tracking regions has the same or related color to the second type identifier corresponding to that tracking region. (See reference...) Figure 13 As shown, N1, N2, and N3 are thickness variation trend diagrams of the regions corresponding to the first edge, the second edge, and the third edge, respectively. The colors displayed in the trend diagrams N1, N2, and N3 are the same as the colors displayed in the second type of identifiers of their respective edge regions.

[0408] Through the above embodiments, by performing speckle tracking on the tracking area, the measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region can be determined. The measurement parameters include the amplitude of motion, or the thickness or thickening rate of the subject's diaphragm region can be determined. Alternatively, the motion speed of the diaphragm region can be obtained based on the acquired amplitude of motion and motion time information. Or, based on the thickness information of the diaphragm region, the diaphragm strain rate, including longitudinal strain rate and radial strain rate, can be further measured.

[0409] The measurement parameters described above, determined through speckle tracking of the acquired tracking area, allow the operator to obtain approximate motion status information of the diaphragm region. Furthermore, this embodiment can display information on the changes of each measurement parameter over time, thereby providing a more accurate assessment of whether the breathing device should be removed from the subject. Other measurement parameters are similar to the motion amplitude parameters and will not be exemplified here.

[0410] In one embodiment, the subject is in a standby state with the breathing device. Based on the determined measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region, a prompt message is output to prompt the operator whether to remove the subject's breathing device. The measurement parameters include at least one of the following: diaphragm region movement amplitude, diaphragm region movement speed, diaphragm region thickness, diaphragm region thickening rate, and diaphragm region strain rate.

[0411] In one embodiment, the amplitude of motion and the thickening rate can be used individually to assess whether the subject's breathing device can be removed. Other measurement parameters can also be used individually to assess whether the subject's breathing device can be removed. The specific thresholds will vary depending on the measurement parameters.

[0412] In one embodiment, the measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm, such as amplitude of movement or thickening rate, can be comprehensively analyzed in conjunction with the subject's preset physiological signals. Based on the comprehensive analysis results, the operator assesses whether the subject's breathing equipment can be removed. Similarly, other measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm can also be measured, without further examples here.

[0413] In one embodiment, the subject's measurement parameters, such as amplitude of motion or thickening rate, can be comprehensively analyzed in conjunction with preset ultrasound data of preset tissues of the subject. Based on the comprehensive analysis results, the operator assesses whether the subject's breathing equipment can be removed. Similarly, other measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm can also be used, without further examples here.

[0414] In one embodiment, reference Figure 14 As shown, an ultrasound measurement method for the diaphragm is provided, comprising:

[0415] Step 51: Excite the ultrasound probe to emit ultrasound waves toward the subject's tissue and receive the echo of the ultrasound waves returned by the subject's tissue to obtain the ultrasound echo signal.

[0416] Step 52: Obtain an image of the subject's tissue based on the echo signal of the ultrasound.

[0417] Step 53: Identify the diaphragm region of the subject from the image of the subject's tissue based on the image features of the diaphragm.

[0418] Step 54: Obtain motion information of the target point in the diaphragm region of the subject;

[0419] Step 55: Based on the motion information of the target point in the diaphragm region of the subject, obtain the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject.

[0420] The motion information in step 54 includes at least one of the following: motion amplitude, motion speed, thickness, thickening rate, and strain rate.

[0421] Based on the above embodiments, and based on the determined measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm, a prompt message is output to indicate to the operator whether to remove the subject's breathing device. As mentioned above, this will not be repeated here.

[0422] This embodiment provides an ultrasound measurement method and system for the diaphragm, wherein the processor acquires the measured...

[0423] The processor automatically measures the diaphragm region of the subject from multiple frames of images. Based on the image features of the diaphragm, it identifies the diaphragm region of the subject from the first image in the multiple frames. A tracking region is selected from the diaphragm region of the subject in the first image. The processor searches for matching regions corresponding to the tracking region in the remaining images of the multiple frames. The processor obtains the motion trajectory of the tracking region within a third predetermined time period based on the tracking region and the matching region. Based on the motion trajectory, the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject are determined. The subject's tissue includes the diaphragm. This embodiment uses speckle tracking to automatically measure the diaphragm region of the subject, simplifying the doctor's operation and making the measurement more accurate. This provides doctors with more precise reference information for predicting and assessing the time to wean off the diaphragm.

[0424] This document describes various exemplary embodiments with reference to them. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that changes and modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of this document. For example, various operational steps and components for performing operational steps can be implemented in different ways depending on the specific application or considering any number of cost functions associated with the operation of the system (e.g., one or more steps can be deleted, modified, or combined with other steps).

[0425] Furthermore, as those skilled in the art will understand, the principles herein can be reflected in a computer program product on a computer-readable storage medium pre-loaded with computer-readable program code. Any tangible, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be used, including magnetic storage devices (hard disks, floppy disks, etc.), optical storage devices (CD-ROMs, DVDs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), flash memory, and / or the like. These computer program instructions may be loaded onto a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to form a machine, such that instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, can generate means for performing a specified function. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can instruct the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a particular manner, such that instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium can form an article of manufacture, including means for implementing the specified function. The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to perform a series of operational steps on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus, can provide steps for implementing the specified function.

[0426] While the principles herein have been illustrated in various embodiments, numerous modifications to the structures, arrangements, proportions, elements, materials, and components, particularly suited to specific environments and operational requirements, may be used without departing from the principles and scope of this disclosure. These modifications and other alterations or alterations will be included within the scope of this document.

[0427] The foregoing specific descriptions have been illustrated with reference to various examples. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, considerations for this disclosure are to be illustrative rather than restrictive, and all such modifications are to be included within its scope. Similarly, advantages, other advantages, and solutions to problems with respect to various embodiments have been described above. However, benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any elements that produce these, or make them more explicit, should not be construed as critical, essential, or necessary. The term “comprising” and any other variations thereof as used herein are non-exclusive inclusion, meaning that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed or not part of the process, method, system, article, or apparatus. Furthermore, the term “coupling” and any other variations thereof as used herein refer to physical connections, electrical connections, magnetic connections, optical connections, communication connections, functional connections, and / or any other connections.

[0428] Those skilled in the art will recognize that many changes can be made to the details of the above embodiments without departing from the basic principles of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined according to the following claims.

Claims

1. A method for ultrasound measurement of the diaphragm, characterized in that, include: The ultrasound probe is excited to emit a first ultrasound wave toward the tissue of the subject and the echo of the first ultrasound wave returned by the tissue of the subject is received to obtain the echo signal of the first ultrasound wave. Based on the echo signal of the first ultrasound, an image of the subject's tissue is obtained; Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the diaphragm region of the subject is identified from the images of the subject's tissues; Automatically acquire the target M-line of the diaphragm region of the subject from images of the subject's tissues; Based on the target M-line, obtain an M-image along the target M-line within a first predetermined time period; Based on the M-image of the target M-line, the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject are determined; The tissues tested included the diaphragm; The determination of measurement parameters for the diaphragm region of the subject based on the M-image of the target M-line includes: Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the M-image diaphragm region of the subject is identified in the M-image of the target M-line, and the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject are obtained based on the M-image diaphragm region; Based on the position of the target M-line, a region corresponding to the diaphragm region in the image of the subject's tissue is determined to obtain the corresponding region of the diaphragm region in the M-image. A first-type identifier is displayed on the corresponding region of the diaphragm region in the M-image, and the position of the first-type identifier is dynamically updated to describe the movement trajectory of the corresponding region of the diaphragm region in the M-image. The target M-line includes multiple target M-lines; the diaphragm region in the M-image includes multiple diaphragm regions in the M-image, each corresponding to one target M-line; the corresponding region of the diaphragm region in the M-image obtained based on the target M-line includes multiple corresponding regions in the M-image, each corresponding to one diaphragm region in the M-image; the first-type identifier includes multiple first-type identifiers, each corresponding to one diaphragm region in the M-image; wherein the multiple first-type identifiers are displayed in different colors; or... Based on the position of the target M-line, the upper and lower edge regions of the diaphragm region in the image of the subject's tissue are determined to obtain the corresponding region of the diaphragm edge region in the M-image. A second type of identifier is displayed on the corresponding region of the diaphragm edge region in the M-image, and the position of the second type of identifier is dynamically updated to describe the movement trajectory of the corresponding region of the diaphragm edge region in the M-image. The target M-line includes multiple target M-lines; the diaphragm region in the M-image includes multiple diaphragm regions in the M-image, each corresponding to one target M-line; the corresponding region of the diaphragm edge region in the M-image obtained based on the target M-line includes multiple corresponding regions of the diaphragm edge region in the M-image, each corresponding region of the diaphragm edge region in the M-image corresponds to one diaphragm region in the M-image, and each corresponding region of the diaphragm edge region in the M-image includes an upper edge region and a lower edge region; the second type of identifier includes multiple second type identifiers, each corresponding to one diaphragm region in the M-image; wherein the multiple second type identifiers are displayed in different colors.

2. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of identifying the diaphragm region of the subject from images of the subject's tissues based on the image features of the diaphragm includes: Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the diaphragm region of the subject is identified from images of the subject's tissues using pattern recognition or machine learning methods; or The operation of the operator in identifying the diaphragm region of the subject in an image of the subject's tissue is detected, and the diaphragm region of the subject is obtained in the image of the subject's tissue.

3. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The target M-line is the M-line whose angle with the diaphragm region of the test subject satisfies the first preset condition.

4. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The target M-line is the anatomical M-line whose angle with the diaphragm region of the subject satisfies the first preset condition.

5. The measurement method as described in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The first preset condition is that the included angle is between 60 degrees and 90 degrees.

6. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The target M-line is an anatomical M-line that passes through a designated area of ​​the subject's diaphragm region.

7. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining an M-image along the target M-line based on the target M-line includes: Based on the target M-line, the ultrasound probe is excited to emit a second ultrasound wave toward the tissue area of ​​the subject where the target M-line is located, and the echo of the returned second ultrasound wave is received to obtain the echo signal of the second ultrasound wave. Based on the echo signal of the second ultrasonic wave, an M-image along the target M-line is obtained.

8. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The subject is in a ready-to-use state with the respiratory equipment, and the method further includes: Based on the measured parameters of the determined diaphragm region of the test subject, a prompt message is output to indicate to the operator whether to remove the test subject's breathing device.

9. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement parameters of the diaphragm region include at least one of the following: diaphragm movement amplitude, diaphragm movement speed, diaphragm thickness, diaphragm thickening rate, and diaphragm strain rate.

10. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement parameter is the amplitude of motion. The measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region obtained based on the M-graph diaphragm region include: Based on the identified diaphragm region in the M-image, determine the extremely high and extremely low positions of the diaphragm region in the M-image; Based on the determined extremely high and extremely low positions of the diaphragm region in the M-image, the amplitude of movement of the subject's diaphragm region is determined.

11. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The direction of the first type of identifier indicates the direction of movement of the region corresponding to the diaphragm region in the M diagram.

12. The measurement method as described in claim 1 or 11, characterized in that, The length of the first type of identifier represents the range of motion of the region corresponding to the diaphragm region in the M diagram.

13. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain a trend graph of the movement amplitude of the diaphragm region in the M-graph over time; The trend graph is shown.

14. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain a trend graph of the movement amplitude of the diaphragm region in each M-graph over time, and obtain multiple trend graphs; The multiple trend charts are displayed using different colors; The trend chart corresponding to any one of the multiple M-graph diaphragm regions and the first type identifier corresponding to any one of the M-graph diaphragm regions are either the same color or related to each other.

15. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement parameter is thickness or thickening rate. The M-map diaphragm region includes the identified upper and lower edge regions. The measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region obtained based on the M-map diaphragm region include: Determine the maximum and minimum values ​​of the distance between the upper and lower edge regions identified in the diaphragm region of the M-map; The thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region of the subject is determined based on the maximum and minimum values.

16. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain a trend graph of the distance between the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region in the M-graph as a function of time; The trend graph is shown.

17. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain a trend chart of the distance between the upper and lower edges of the diaphragm region in each M-graph as a function of time, and obtain multiple trend charts. The multiple trend charts are displayed using different colors; Among the multiple M-graph diaphragm regions, the trend chart corresponding to any one M-graph diaphragm region and the second type identifier corresponding to any one M-graph diaphragm region have the same color or are related to each other.

18. The measurement method as described in claim 8, wherein the measurement parameter is the amplitude of motion, characterized in that, Based on the determined measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region, a prompt message is output, including: Compare the amplitude of the motion with the first threshold; When the amplitude of the movement is less than or equal to the first threshold, the operator is prompted to continue using the breathing device. Alternatively, when the amplitude of the movement is greater than the first threshold, the operator is prompted to remove the breathing device from the subject.

19. The measurement method as described in claim 1, wherein the measurement parameter is the amplitude of motion, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire the preset physiological signals of the test subject; The system comprehensively analyzes the amplitude of the movement and the preset physiological signals of the subject, and outputs a prompt message to indicate to the operator whether to remove the subject's breathing device.

20. The measurement method as described in claim 1, wherein the measurement parameter is the amplitude of motion, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire ultrasound images of a preset tissue of the subject, and obtain preset measurement indicators from the ultrasound images of the preset tissue; The system comprehensively analyzes the range of motion and the subject's preset measurement indicators, and outputs a prompt message to indicate to the operator whether to remove the subject's breathing device.

21. The measurement method as described in claim 8, wherein the measurement parameter is the thickness increase rate, characterized in that, Based on the determined measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region, a prompt message is output, including: The thickness increase rate is compared with the second threshold. If the thickness increase rate is less than or equal to the second threshold, the operator is prompted to continue using the breathing device. Alternatively, if the thickness increase rate is greater than the second threshold, the operator is prompted to remove the breathing device from the subject.

22. The measurement method as described in claim 1, wherein the measurement parameter is the thickness increase rate, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire the preset physiological signals of the test subject; The thickening rate and the preset physiological signals of the test subject are comprehensively analyzed to output prompt information to prompt the operator whether to remove the test subject's breathing device.

23. The measurement method as described in claim 1, wherein the measurement parameter is the thickness increase rate, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire ultrasound images of a preset tissue of the subject, and obtain preset measurement indicators from the ultrasound images of the preset tissue; The thickening rate and the preset measurement indicators of the test subject are comprehensively analyzed, and a prompt message is output to prompt the operator whether to remove the test subject's breathing device.

24. The measurement method as described in claim 20 or 23, characterized in that, The preset tissue includes cardiac tissue, and the preset measurement indicators include at least one of the following: left ventricular ejection fraction, diastolic function indicators, cardiac output, left ventricular outflow tract velocity-time integral (VTI), and inferior vena cava (IVC) parameters; or The preset tissue includes lung tissue, and the preset measurement indicators include the number of B-lines or lung ultrasound score.

25. The measurement method as described in claim 19 or 22, characterized in that, The preset physiological signals include at least one of the following: respiratory rate, respiratory volume, spontaneous tidal volume, heart rate, oxygen saturation, arterial blood gas parameters, blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin, body temperature, coma index, and metabolic index.

26. A method for ultrasound measurement of the diaphragm, characterized in that, include: The ultrasound probe is excited to emit a first ultrasound wave toward the tissue of the subject and the echo of the first ultrasound wave returned by the tissue of the subject is received to obtain the echo signal of the first ultrasound wave. Based on the echo signal of the first ultrasound, an image of the subject's tissue is obtained; Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the diaphragm region of the subject is identified from the images of the subject's tissues; Obtain the target M-line of the diaphragm region of the subject from images of the subject's tissues; Based on the target M-line, obtain an M-image along the target M-line within a second predetermined time period; Based on the M-image of the target M-line, the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject are obtained; The tissues tested included the diaphragm; The step of obtaining measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject based on the M-image of the target M-line includes: identifying the M-image diaphragm region of the subject in the M-image of the target M-line according to the image features of the diaphragm, and obtaining measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject based on the M-image diaphragm region; Based on the position of the target M-line, a region corresponding to the diaphragm region in the image of the subject's tissue is determined to obtain the corresponding region of the diaphragm region in the M-image. A first-type identifier is displayed on the corresponding region of the diaphragm region in the M-image, and the position of the first-type identifier is dynamically updated to describe the movement trajectory of the corresponding region of the diaphragm region in the M-image. The target M-line includes multiple target M-lines; the diaphragm region in the M-image includes multiple diaphragm regions in the M-image, each corresponding to one target M-line; the corresponding region of the diaphragm region in the M-image obtained based on the target M-line includes multiple corresponding regions in the M-image, each corresponding to one diaphragm region in the M-image; the first-type identifier includes multiple first-type identifiers, each corresponding to one diaphragm region in the M-image; wherein the multiple first-type identifiers are displayed in different colors; or... Based on the position of the target M-line, the upper and lower edge regions of the diaphragm region in the image of the subject's tissue are determined to obtain the corresponding region of the diaphragm edge region in the M-image. A second type of identifier is displayed on the corresponding region of the diaphragm edge region in the M-image, and the position of the second type of identifier is dynamically updated to describe the movement trajectory of the corresponding region of the diaphragm edge region in the M-image. The target M-line includes multiple target M-lines; the diaphragm region in the M-image includes multiple diaphragm regions in the M-image, each corresponding to one target M-line; the corresponding region of the diaphragm edge region in the M-image obtained based on the target M-line includes multiple corresponding regions of the diaphragm edge region in the M-image, each corresponding region of the diaphragm edge region in the M-image corresponds to one diaphragm region in the M-image, and each corresponding region of the diaphragm edge region in the M-image includes an upper edge region and a lower edge region; the second type of identifier includes multiple second type identifiers, each corresponding to one diaphragm region in the M-image; wherein the multiple second type identifiers are displayed in different colors.

27. A method for ultrasound measurement of the diaphragm, characterized in that, include: An ultrasound probe is excited to emit ultrasound waves toward the tissue of the subject, and the echo of the ultrasound waves returned by the tissue of the subject is received to obtain the echo signal of the ultrasound waves. Based on the echo signal of the ultrasound, an image of the subject's tissue is obtained, and the image of the subject's tissue includes multiple frames. Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the diaphragm region of the subject is identified from the first image in the multi-frame images; The tracking area is selected in the diaphragm region of the subject in the first image; Search for a matching region in the remaining images of the multi-frame images that corresponds to the tracking region of the first image; The motion trajectory of the tracking area within a third predetermined time period is obtained based on the tracking area and the matching area; A first type of identifier is displayed on the tracking area, and the position of the first type of identifier is dynamically updated to describe the motion trajectory of the tracking area; wherein the tracking area includes multiple tracking areas; the first type of identifier includes multiple first type identifiers, wherein each first type identifier corresponds to a tracking area; wherein the multiple first type identifiers are displayed in different colors; or, Based on the location of the tracking area, the upper and lower edge regions of the motion trajectory are determined in the image of the subject's tissue to obtain the motion trajectory edge region corresponding region; a second type of identifier is displayed on the motion trajectory edge region corresponding region, and the position of the second type of identifier is dynamically updated to describe the motion trajectory of the motion trajectory edge region corresponding region, wherein the tracking area includes multiple tracking areas; the motion trajectory includes multiple motion trajectories, wherein each motion trajectory corresponds to one tracking area; the motion trajectory edge region corresponding region obtained from the tracking area includes multiple motion trajectory edge region corresponding regions, wherein each motion trajectory edge region corresponding region corresponds to one motion trajectory, and each motion trajectory edge region corresponding region includes an upper edge region corresponding region and a lower edge region corresponding region; the second type of identifier includes multiple second type identifiers, wherein each second type identifier corresponds to one motion trajectory; wherein the multiple second type identifiers are displayed in different colors; Based on the motion trajectory, the measurement parameters of the diaphragm region of the subject are determined; The tissues tested included the diaphragm.

28. The measurement method as described in claim 27, characterized in that, According to the diaphragm The image features, identifying the diaphragm region of the subject from the first image in the multi-frame image, include: Based on the image features of the diaphragm, the diaphragm region of the subject is identified from the first image in the multi-frame images using pattern recognition or machine learning methods; or The detection operator identifies the subject's diaphragm region in the first image of the multi-frame images, thereby obtaining the subject's diaphragm region.

29. The measurement method as described in claim 27, characterized in that, The tracking area is selected in the diaphragm region of the subject in the first image, including: Randomly select a tracking area in the diaphragm region of the subject in the first image; or At least three tracking regions with equal interdiaphragmatic distances were selected in the diaphragm region of the subject in the first image.

30. The measurement method as described in claim 27, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on the measured parameters of the subject's diaphragm region, a prompt message is output to indicate to the operator whether to remove the subject's breathing device.

31. The measurement method according to any one of claims 27 to 30, characterized in that, The measurement parameters of the diaphragm region include at least one of the following: diaphragm movement amplitude, diaphragm movement speed, diaphragm thickness, diaphragm thickening rate, and diaphragm strain rate.

32. The measurement method as described in claim 27, characterized in that, The measurement parameters are: The amplitude of movement, wherein the measurement parameters for determining the diaphragm region of the subject based on the movement trajectory include: The extreme high and low positions of the motion trajectory within the third predetermined time period are obtained; The range of motion of the subject's diaphragm region is determined based on the extremely high and extremely low positions.

33. The measurement method as described in claim 27, characterized in that, The first type of label The direction of the tracking area indicates the direction of motion of the tracking area.

34. The measurement method as described in claim 27 or 33, characterized in that, The first type The length of the type identifier indicates the motion amplitude of the tracking area.

35. The measurement method as described in claim 27, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain a trend graph of the motion amplitude of the tracked area changing over time; The trend graph is shown.

36. The measurement method as described in claim 27, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain a trend chart of the motion amplitude of each tracking area over time, and obtain multiple trend charts; The multiple trend charts are displayed using different colors; The trend chart corresponding to any one of the multiple tracking areas and the first type identifier corresponding to any one of the tracking areas have the same color or are related to each other.

37. The measurement method as described in claim 27, characterized in that, The measurement parameters are: Thickness or thickening rate, the motion trajectory includes the acquired upper and lower edge regions, wherein the measurement parameters for determining the diaphragm region of the subject based on the motion trajectory include: Determine the maximum and minimum values ​​of the distance between the upper and lower edge regions identified by the motion trajectory; The thickness or thickening rate of the diaphragm region of the subject is determined based on the maximum and minimum values.

38. The measurement method as described in claim 37, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain a trend graph of the distance between the upper and lower edge regions of the motion trajectory over time; The trend graph is shown.

39. The measurement method as described in claim 27, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain a trend chart of the distance between the upper and lower edge regions of each motion trajectory over time, and obtain multiple trend charts; The multiple trend charts are displayed using different colors; The trend chart corresponding to any one of the multiple motion trajectories has the same color as or is related to the second type identifier corresponding to that motion trajectory.

40. The measurement method as described in claim 30, wherein the measurement parameter is the amplitude of motion, characterized in that, Based on the determined measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region, a prompt message is output, including: Compare the amplitude of the motion with the first threshold; When the amplitude of the movement is less than or equal to the first threshold, the operator is prompted to continue using the breathing device. Alternatively, when the amplitude of the movement is greater than the first threshold, the operator is prompted to remove the breathing device from the subject.

41. The measurement method as described in claim 27, wherein the measurement parameter is the amplitude of motion, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire the preset physiological signals of the test subject; The system comprehensively analyzes the amplitude of the movement and the preset physiological signals of the subject, and outputs a prompt message to indicate to the operator whether to remove the subject's breathing device.

42. The measurement method as described in claim 27, wherein the measurement parameter is the amplitude of motion, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire ultrasound images of a preset tissue of the subject, and obtain preset measurement indicators from the ultrasound images of the preset tissue; The system comprehensively analyzes the range of motion and the subject's preset measurement indicators, and outputs a prompt message to indicate to the operator whether to remove the subject's breathing device.

43. The measurement method as described in claim 30, wherein the measurement parameter is the thickness increase rate, characterized in that, Based on the determined measurement parameters of the subject's diaphragm region, a prompt message is output, including: Compare the thickening rate and the second threshold; If the thickening rate is less than or equal to the second threshold, the operator is prompted to continue using the breathing device; if the thickening rate is greater than the second threshold, the operator is prompted to remove the breathing device from the subject.

44. The measurement method as described in claim 27, wherein the measurement parameter is the thickness increase rate, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire the preset physiological signals of the test subject; The thickening rate and the preset physiological signals of the test subject are comprehensively analyzed to output prompt information to prompt the operator whether to remove the test subject's breathing device.

45. The measurement method as described in claim 27, wherein the measurement parameter is the thickness increase rate, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire ultrasound images of a preset tissue of the subject, and obtain preset measurement indicators from the ultrasound images of the preset tissue; The thickening rate and the preset measurement indicators of the test subject are comprehensively analyzed, and a prompt message is output to prompt the operator whether to remove the test subject's breathing device.

46. ​​The measurement method as described in claim 42 or 45, characterized in that, The preset tissue includes cardiac tissue, and the preset measurement indicators include at least one of the following: left ventricular ejection fraction, diastolic function indicators, cardiac output, left ventricular outflow tract velocity-time integral (VTI), and inferior vena cava (IVC) parameters; or The preset tissue includes lung tissue, and the preset measurement indicators include the number of B-lines or lung ultrasound score.

47. The measurement method as described in claim 41 or 44, characterized in that, The preset physiological signals include at least one of the following: respiratory rate, respiratory volume, spontaneous tidal volume, heart rate, oxygen saturation, arterial blood gas parameters, blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin, body temperature, coma index, and metabolic index.

48. An ultrasonic measurement system for the diaphragm, characterized in that, include: Ultrasound probe; A transmitting circuit is used to excite the ultrasound probe to emit a first ultrasound wave toward the tissue of the subject. A receiving circuit is used to receive the echo of the first ultrasonic wave returned by the tissue of the subject and obtain the echo signal of the first ultrasonic wave. A processor for performing the measurement method as described in any one of claims 1 to 26.

49. An ultrasonic measurement system for the diaphragm, characterized in that, include: Ultrasound probe; A transmitting circuit is used to excite the ultrasound probe to emit ultrasound waves toward the tissue of the subject. A receiving circuit is used to receive the echo of the ultrasonic waves returned by the tissue of the subject and obtain the echo signal of the ultrasonic waves. A processor for performing the measurement method as described in any one of claims 27 to 47.

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