A cold start method and device based on a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system

Abstract

The application discloses a cold start method and device based on a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, when the fuel cell system is started, a thermostat adjusts the opening degree of a middle cooler side to 0, and starts an air compressor to make air pass through a PCM side completely; then, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and is less than the maximum temperature that can be borne by a stack, the thermostat controls the opening degree of the middle cooler side to 0; subsequently, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and is less than the maximum temperature that can be borne by the stack, the thermostat controls the opening degree of the PCM side to 0; when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that can be borne by the stack, the thermostat adjusts the opening degrees of both sides to control the air temperature entering the stack within the maximum temperature that can be borne by the stack, so that the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell system can be realized quickly, and the driving performance of the whole vehicle can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a cold start method and device based on a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of living standards and rapid socioeconomic development, automobile usage is increasing. More and more cars are entering people's lives, bringing great convenience to all aspects of life. Hydrogen fuel cell systems are a new type of clean energy generation system. Major automakers have also released fuel cell-based vehicle models. Cold start capability is a critical technology for fuel cell systems, determining whether a vehicle can start and operate normally in a short time in low-temperature environments.

[0003] Currently, there are two existing low-temperature cold start methods for vehicle-mounted fuel cell systems: one is to intentionally cut off the voltage of the fuel cell stack and increase the current value to cause the stack to self-heat rapidly. The disadvantage of this method is that it requires very high requirements for the flow channel design and production process of the fuel cell stack, which is generally difficult to implement; the other method is to use PTC to heat the coolant in the cooling system before it enters the fuel cell stack, so that the temperature of the fuel cell stack gradually reaches the operating temperature. Figure 1 As shown, while this method is easy to implement, it is slow to heat up, and the vehicle needs to wait a long time for the fuel cell stack to reach operating temperature. Therefore, how to quickly achieve low-temperature cold starts based on on-board fuel cell systems to meet the needs of vehicle driving performance is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a cold start method and device based on a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system, which can utilize a pre-built new fuel cell air intake system to quickly achieve low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell system to meet the driving performance requirements of the entire vehicle.

[0005] The present application provides a cold start method based on an on-vehicle fuel cell system. The method is applied to a fuel cell intake system, which includes: an air compressor, a thermostat, an intercooler, a phase change heat storage module (PCM), a humidifier, and a fuel cell stack; the rear end of the air compressor is connected to the PCM and the intercooler, respectively; the PCM and the intercooler are both connected to the thermostat; the thermostat is connected to the humidifier; and the humidifier is connected to the fuel cell stack. The method includes:

[0006] When the fuel cell system is turned on, the thermostat adjusts the opening of the intercooler side to 0, and starts the air compressor to allow air to pass completely from the PCM side; then reads the temperature of the PCM outlet temperature sensor, and corresponds to different thermostat openings according to the reading;

[0007] When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the back end temperature of the air compressor and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening of the PCM side to be 0 so that the air passes through the intercooler side entirely;

[0008] When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the back end temperature of the air compressor and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening of the PCM side to be 0 so that the air passes through the intercooler side entirely;

[0009] When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat adjusts the openings of the PCM side and the intercooler side so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, realizing cold start based on the vehicle fuel cell system.

[0010] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0011] When the fuel cell system is shut down, the thermostat adjusts the opening of the PCM side to be 0 and reads the temperature of the PCM side outlet temperature sensor, and according to the reading, the thermostat adjusts the opening of the PCM side to be 0.

[0012] When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the back end temperature of the air compressor, the thermostat controls the opening of the PCM side to be 0 so that the air passes through the intercooler side entirely;

[0013] When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the back end temperature of the air compressor and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening of the PCM side to be 0 so that the air passes through the intercooler side entirely;

[0014] When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the back end temperature of the air compressor and not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat adjusts the openings of the PCM side and the intercooler side so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, realizing shutdown purge of the fuel cell system when the vehicle is turned off.

[0015] Optionally, after realizing the shutdown purge of the fuel cell system when the vehicle is turned off, the method further comprises:

[0016] Controlling the fuel cell system to enter a heat preservation mode, and reading the temperature of the stack every preset time to determine whether the design start time requirement is met.

[0017] Optionally, when it is determined that the design start time requirement is not met, the method further comprises:

[0018] When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat adjusts the opening degree of the PCM side and the intercooler side, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, until the stack temperature meets the design start requirement;

[0019] When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, and not less than the temperature required for the design start of the stack, the thermostat controls the opening degree of the intercooler side to be 0, so that the air passes through the PCM side entirely, until the stack temperature meets the design start requirement;

[0020] When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the temperature required for the design start of the stack, the thermostat controls the opening degree of the PCM side to be 0, so that the air passes through the intercooler side entirely, until the stack temperature meets the design start requirement, achieving the heat preservation purging of the fuel cell system.

[0021] The embodiment of the present application also provides a cold start device based on a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system, which is applied to a fuel cell air inlet system, and the system comprises an air compressor, a thermostat, an intercooler, a PCM, a humidifier and a stack; the rear end of the air compressor is connected with the PCM and the intercooler respectively; the PCM and the intercooler are connected with the thermostat; the thermostat is connected with the humidifier; the humidifier is connected with the stack, and the device comprises:

[0022] A first adjusting unit is configured to, when the fuel cell system is started, adjust the opening degree of the intercooler side to 0 by the thermostat, and start the air compressor to make the air pass through the PCM side entirely; then read the temperature of the PCM outlet temperature sensor, and adjust the opening degree of the thermostat according to the reading;

[0023] A first control unit is configured to, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor, and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, control the opening degree of the intercooler side to be 0 by the thermostat, so that the air passes through the PCM side entirely;

[0024] A second control unit is configured to, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor, and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, control the opening degree of the PCM side to be 0 by the thermostat, so that the air passes through the intercooler side entirely;

[0025] a second adjusting unit, for adjusting the opening degree of the PCM side and the intercooler side by the thermostat when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can bear, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can bear, to realize cold start based on the fuel cell system on vehicle.

[0026] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0027] a third adjusting unit, for adjusting the opening degree of the PCM side to 0 by the thermostat when the fuel cell system is shut down, and reading the temperature of the outlet temperature sensor of the PCM side, and adjusting the opening degree of the thermostat according to the reading;

[0028] a third control unit, for controlling the opening degree of the PCM side to 0 by the thermostat when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the back end temperature of the air compressor, so that the air passes through the intercooler side completely;

[0029] a fourth control unit, for controlling the opening degree of the intercooler side to 0 by the thermostat when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the back end temperature of the air compressor and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can bear, so that the air passes through the PCM side completely;

[0030] a fourth adjusting unit, for adjusting the opening degree of the PCM side and the intercooler side by the thermostat when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the back end temperature of the air compressor and not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can bear, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can bear, to realize shutdown purge of the fuel cell system when the vehicle is turned off.

[0031] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0032] a determining unit, for controlling the fuel cell system to enter the heat preservation mode after the shutdown purge of the fuel cell system when the vehicle is turned off, and reading the temperature of the stack every preset time, to determine whether the design start time requirement is met.

[0033] Optionally, when it is determined that the design start time requirement is not met, the device further comprises:

[0034] a fifth adjusting unit, for adjusting the opening degree of the PCM side and the intercooler side by the thermostat when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can bear, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can bear, until the temperature of the stack meets the design start requirement;

[0035] a fifth control unit, configured to, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is lower than the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand and is not lower than the temperature required for the fuel cell stack to be started, control the thermostat to control the opening of the intercooler side to 0, so that all air passes through the PCM side until the fuel cell stack temperature meets the designed startup requirement;

[0036] The sixth control unit is used to control the opening of the PCM side of the thermostat to 0 when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is lower than the temperature required for the design startup of the fuel cell stack, so that all the air passes through the intercooler side until the temperature of the fuel cell stack meets the design startup requirements, thereby realizing the thermal insulation purge of the fuel cell system.

[0037] The embodiment of the present application also provides a cold start device based on a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a system bus;

[0038] The processor and the memory are connected via the system bus;

[0039] The memory is used to store one or more programs, and the one or more programs include instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the processor executes any one of the implementations of the above-mentioned cold start method based on the vehicle fuel cell system.

[0040] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores instructions. When the instructions are executed on a terminal device, the terminal device executes any one of the above-mentioned cold start methods based on the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system.

[0041] The embodiment of the present application provides a cold starting method and device based on a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system, wherein a new fuel cell air inlet system which is constructed in advance comprises an air compressor, a thermostat, an intercooler, a phase change heat storage module PCM, a humidifier and a stack. Firstly, when the fuel cell system is started, the thermostat adjusts the opening degree of the intercooler side to 0, and starts the air compressor to make the air pass through the PCM side completely; then the temperature of the PCM outlet temperature sensor is read, and different opening degrees of the thermostat are corresponded according to the reading; then, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and is less than the maximum temperature that the stack can bear, the opening degree of the intercooler side is controlled to 0 by the thermostat, so that the air passes through the PCM side completely; then, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and is less than the maximum temperature that the stack can bear, the opening degree of the PCM side is controlled to 0 by the thermostat, so that the air passes through the intercooler side completely; and then, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can bear, the opening degree of the PCM side and the opening degree of the intercooler side are adjusted by the thermostat, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can bear, the cold starting based on the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system is realized, and therefore the new fuel cell air inlet system which is constructed in advance can be used to realize the low-temperature cold starting of the fuel cell system quickly, and the needs of the vehicle driving performance are met. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of cold starting by using a PTC mode is provided for the embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 2 An architecture schematic diagram of an existing fuel cell system is provided for the embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 3 An architecture schematic diagram of a fuel cell air inlet system is provided for the embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 4 A flow schematic diagram of a cold starting method based on a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system is provided for the embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Figure 5 A composition schematic diagram of a cold starting device based on a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system is provided for the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] With the progress of new vehicle technologies, the intelligence level of vehicles is getting higher and higher, which also brings users more vehicle driving experiences. Hydrogen fuel cell system is a new type of clean energy power generation system. Major automobile companies have also released automobile models based on fuel cells. Low-temperature cold start capability is a very critical technology for fuel cell systems, which determines whether the vehicle can start and run normally in a short time in a low-temperature environment.

[0049] Currently, there are two methods for low-temperature cold start based on the existing vehicle-mounted fuel cell system (such as Figure 2 ). One method is to intentionally cut off the voltage of the stack, increase the current value, and make the stack self-heat quickly. The disadvantage of this method is that the flow channel design and production process of the stack are very high, which is generally difficult to achieve. Another method is to use PTC to heat the cooling liquid of the cooling system and then enter the stack, so that the temperature of the stack gradually reaches the working temperature, as shown in Figure 1 . Although this method is easy to implement, the heating speed is slow, and the vehicle needs to wait for a long time for the stack to reach the working temperature. Therefore, how to quickly realize the low-temperature cold start of the vehicle based on the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system to meet the needs of the vehicle driving performance is a problem to be solved at present.

[0050] To solve the above-mentioned defects, the present application provides a cold start method based on a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system, wherein a new type of fuel cell air intake system is constructed in advance, as shown in Figure 3 . The system includes an air compressor, a thermostat, a intercooler, a phase change heat storage module PCM, a humidifier and a stack. First, when the fuel cell system is started, the thermostat adjusts the opening of the intercooler side to 0 and starts the air compressor to make the air pass through the PCM side completely; then read the temperature of the PCM outlet temperature sensor, and according to the reading, adjust the opening of the thermostat; then, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening of the PCM side to 0 to make the air pass through the intercooler side completely; and then, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening of the PCM side to 0 to make the air pass through the intercooler side completely; and then, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat adjusts the opening of the PCM side and the intercooler side to control the temperature of the air entering the stack within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, realizing the cold start based on the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system, so that the new type of fuel cell air intake system constructed in advance can be used to quickly realize the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell system and meet the needs of the vehicle driving performance.

[0051] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0052] Referring to Figure 4 , a flow chart of a cold start method based on a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system is shown, and the embodiment can include the following steps:

[0053] S401: When the fuel cell system is started, the thermostat adjusts the opening degree of the intercooler side to 0, and starts the air compressor to make the air pass through the PCM side completely; then reads the temperature of the PCM outlet temperature sensor, and adjusts the opening degree of the thermostat according to the reading.

[0054] It should be noted that, since the air compressor rear end outlet temperature of the current fuel cell system can reach about 120℃ when the stack is running. As shown in Figure 2 , the existing system architecture scheme is to directly use the intercooler to cool this temperature to the required temperature of the stack, causing great waste of heat energy.

[0055] To this end, the present application proposes a new type of fuel cell air intake system, as shown in Figure 3 , the system includes: an air compressor, a thermostat, an intercooler, a phase change heat storage module PCM, a humidifier and a stack; wherein the air compressor rear end is connected with the PCM and the intercooler respectively; the PCM and the intercooler are connected with the thermostat; the thermostat is connected with the humidifier; the humidifier is connected with the stack.

[0056] Among them, the phase change heat storage module (PCM) can use the characteristics of materials in different temperatures to show solid, liquid and gaseous states to carry out heat absorption and heat release processes, and has very good heat preservation and storage functions. The PCM is arranged at the air outlet of the air compressor, so that the high-temperature air passes through the PCM and stores heat in the PCM. In this way, the high heat in the PCM can keep the fuel cell system temperature at a set value for a long time after the vehicle is turned off and the system is shut down, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly cold starting the system in a low temperature environment.

[0057] Therefore, in order to quickly realize the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell system and meet the needs of the vehicle driving performance, in the embodiment, a PCM is constructed in advance as Figure 3The new fuel cell air intake system shown in the figure incorporates a PCM. This allows air from the compressor's rear end to enter the humidifier through both the PCM and intercooler for humidification before entering the fuel cell stack. A stack-entry temperature sensor provides feedback on the air's temperature entering the stack, and an electronic thermostat adjusts the air intake ratio between the intercooler and PCM routes to achieve stack-entry temperature control.

[0058] Specifically, when using Figure 3 When the novel intake system shown achieves a low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell system, first, when the fuel cell system is turned on, the thermostat adjusts the opening on the intercooler side to 0, and starts the air compressor to allow air to pass completely from the PCM side; then, the temperature T1 of the PCM outlet temperature sensor is read, and different thermostat openings are corresponding to the reading to execute the subsequent step S402.

[0059] S402: When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and is less than the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening of the intercooler side to 0, so that all the air passes through the PCM side.

[0060] In this embodiment, when the air outlet temperature T1 of the PCM is not less than the rear end temperature T2 of the air compressor and is less than the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening of the intercooler side to remain at 0, so that all the air passes through the PCM side to execute the subsequent step S403.

[0061] S403: When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is lower than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and lower than the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening of the PCM side to 0, so that all the air passes through the intercooler side.

[0062] In this embodiment, when the air outlet temperature T1 of the PCM is lower than the rear end temperature T2 of the air compressor and lower than the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening of the PCM side to remain at 0, so that all the air passes through the intercooler side to execute the subsequent step S404.

[0063] S404: When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, the thermostat adjusts the opening of the PCM side and the intercooler side so that the temperature of the air entering the fuel cell stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, thereby achieving a cold start based on the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system.

[0064] In this embodiment, when the air outlet temperature T1 of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat adjusts the opening of the PCM side and the intercooler side so that the air temperature entering the stack is T 入 Control the temperature within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand to achieve a cold start based on the vehicle fuel cell system.

[0065] Similarly, one possible implementation is that the fuel cell intake system as shown in Figure 3 Figure 1 can also be used to implement the shutdown purge of the fuel cell system when the vehicle is turned off, and the implementation process is as follows steps A1-A4:

[0066] Step A1: When the fuel cell system is turned off, the thermostat adjusts the opening of the PCM side to 0, reads the temperature T1 of the PCM side outlet temperature sensor, and adjusts the opening according to the reading.

[0067] Step A2: When the PCM air outlet temperature T1 is not less than the air compressor rear end temperature T2, the thermostat controls the opening of the PCM side to 0, so that the air passes through the intercooler side.

[0068] Step A3: When the PCM air outlet temperature T1 is less than the air compressor rear end temperature T2 and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening of the intercooler side to 0, so that the air passes through the PCM side.

[0069] Step A4: When the PCM air outlet temperature T1 is less than the air compressor rear end temperature T2 and not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat adjusts the opening of the PCM side and the intercooler side, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, to implement the shutdown purge of the fuel cell system when the vehicle is turned off.

[0070] Further, one optional implementation is that after implementing the shutdown purge of the fuel cell system when the vehicle is turned off, the fuel cell system can also be controlled to enter the heat preservation mode, the thermostat adjusts the opening of the intercooler side to 0, so that the humidifier front end air pipeline is directly connected to the PCM. And every pre-set time, the system reads the temperature of the stack to determine whether it meets the design start time requirement. And when the stack temperature does not meet the design start time requirement, start the air compressor for stack heat preservation purge, and the implementation process is as follows steps B1-B3:

[0071] Step B1: When the PCM air outlet temperature T1 is not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat adjusts the opening of the PCM side and the intercooler side, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, until the stack temperature meets the design start requirement to stop the heat preservation purge.

[0072] Step B2: When the PCM air outlet temperature T1 is less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand and not less than the temperature required for the stack design start, the thermostat controls the opening of the intercooler side to 0, so that the air passes through the PCM side, until the stack temperature meets the design start requirement to stop the heat preservation purge.

[0073] Step B3: when the air outlet temperature T1 of the PCM is less than the temperature required for the design start of the stack, the thermostat controls the opening of the PCM side to be 0, so that the air passes through the intercooler side completely, until the stack temperature meets the design start requirement to stop the heat preservation purge, and the heat preservation purge of the fuel cell system is completed.

[0074] In this way, through the above steps S401-S404, the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell system can be quickly realized, the needs of the vehicle driving performance are met, and compared with the method of heating the stack itself, the problems of difficult manufacturing and high cost caused by the complex structure design and production process of the stack are also avoided.

[0075] In summary, the cold start method based on the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system provided by the embodiment of the application, wherein the newly constructed fuel cell air intake system includes an air compressor, a thermostat, an intercooler, a PCM, a humidifier, and a stack. First, when the fuel cell system is started, the thermostat adjusts the opening of the intercooler side to be 0, and starts the air compressor to make the air pass through the PCM side completely; then the temperature of the PCM outlet temperature sensor is read, and different thermostat openings are corresponded according to the readings; then, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening of the intercooler side to be 0, so that the air passes through the PCM side completely; then, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening of the PCM side to be 0, so that the air passes through the intercooler side completely; and then, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat adjusts the openings of the PCM side and the intercooler side, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, realizing the cold start based on the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system, so that the newly constructed fuel cell air intake system can be used to quickly realize the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell system, and meet the needs of the vehicle driving performance.

[0076] The above embodiment describes the technical scheme of the method of the application in detail, and correspondingly, the application also provides a cold start device based on the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system, which will be introduced below.

[0077] Referring to Figure 5A schematic diagram of a cold start device based on a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system is provided in the embodiment, which is applied to a fuel cell air inlet system, the system comprising: an air compressor, a thermostat, an intercooler, a phase change heat storage module (PCM), a humidifier and a stack; the air compressor is connected to the PCM and the intercooler at the rear end respectively; the PCM and the intercooler are connected to the thermostat; the thermostat is connected to the humidifier; the humidifier is connected to the stack, and the device comprises:

[0078] A first adjusting unit 501 is configured to adjust the opening degree of the intercooler side of the thermostat to 0 when the fuel cell system is started, and start the air compressor to make air pass through the PCM side completely; then read the temperature of the PCM outlet temperature sensor, and adjust the opening degree of the thermostat according to the reading;

[0079] A first control unit 502 is configured to control the opening degree of the intercooler side of the thermostat to 0 when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, so that air passes through the PCM side completely;

[0080] A second control unit 503 is configured to control the opening degree of the PCM side of the thermostat to 0 when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, so that air passes through the intercooler side completely;

[0081] A second adjusting unit 504 is configured to adjust the opening degree of the PCM side and the intercooler side of the thermostat when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, to achieve cold start based on the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system.

[0082] In an implementation manner of the embodiment, the device further comprises:

[0083] A third adjusting unit is configured to adjust the opening degree of the PCM side of the thermostat to 0 when the fuel cell system is shut down, and read the temperature of the PCM side outlet temperature sensor, and adjust the opening degree of the thermostat according to the reading;

[0084] A third control unit is configured to control the opening degree of the PCM side of the thermostat to 0 when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor, so that air passes through the intercooler side completely;

[0085] a fourth control unit, configured to control the opening of the intercooler side of the thermostat to 0 when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is lower than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and lower than the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, so that all air passes through the PCM side;

[0086] The fourth regulating unit is used to adjust the opening of the PCM side and the intercooler side by the thermostat when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is lower than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and not lower than the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, so that the temperature of the air entering the fuel cell stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, thereby realizing the shutdown purge of the fuel cell system when the vehicle is turned off.

[0087] In one implementation of this embodiment, the apparatus further includes:

[0088] The determination unit is used to control the fuel cell system to enter the insulation mode after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged when the vehicle is turned off, and read the temperature of the fuel cell stack at preset time intervals to determine whether the designed startup time requirement is met.

[0089] In one implementation of this embodiment, when it is determined that the designed startup time requirement is not met, the apparatus further includes:

[0090] a fifth regulating unit, configured to, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, cause the thermostat to regulate the opening of the PCM side and the intercooler side so that the temperature of the air entering the fuel cell stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, until the fuel cell stack temperature meets the design startup requirement;

[0091] a fifth control unit, configured to, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is lower than the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand and is not lower than the temperature required for the fuel cell stack to be started, control the thermostat to control the opening of the intercooler side to 0, so that all air passes through the PCM side until the fuel cell stack temperature meets the designed startup requirement;

[0092] The sixth control unit is used to control the opening of the PCM side of the thermostat to 0 when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is lower than the temperature required for the design startup of the fuel cell stack, so that all the air passes through the intercooler side until the temperature of the fuel cell stack meets the design startup requirements, thereby realizing the thermal insulation purge of the fuel cell system.

[0093] Thus, the cold start device based on the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a new fuel cell air inlet system which is constructed in advance and comprises an air compressor, a thermostat, an intercooler, a phase change heat storage module PCM, a humidifier and a fuel cell stack. Firstly, when the fuel cell system is started, the thermostat adjusts the opening degree of the intercooler side to 0 and starts the air compressor to make the air pass through the PCM side completely; then the temperature of the PCM outlet temperature sensor is read and different opening degrees of the thermostat are correspondingly adjusted according to the reading; then, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and is less than the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening degree of the PCM side to 0 to make the air pass through the PCM side completely; then, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and is less than the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening degree of the PCM side to 0 to make the air pass through the intercooler side completely; and then, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, the thermostat adjusts the opening degrees of the PCM side and the intercooler side to control the air temperature entering the fuel cell stack within the maximum temperature that the fuel cell stack can withstand, so as to realize the cold start based on the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system, thereby realizing the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell system quickly by using the new fuel cell air inlet system constructed in advance and meeting the needs of the vehicle driving performance.

[0094] Further, the embodiment of the application further provides a cold start device based on a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system, which comprises a processor, a memory and a system bus.

[0095] The processor and the memory are connected through the system bus.

[0096] The memory is used for storing one or more programs, and the one or more programs comprise instructions which, when executed by the processor, make the processor execute any one of the implementation methods of the cold start method based on the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system.

[0097] Further, the embodiment of the application further provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions run on a terminal device, the terminal device executes any one of the implementation methods of the cold start method based on the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system.

[0098] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned method can be implemented by means of software and necessary universal hardware platforms through the description of the above embodiments. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence or in the form of a part of the prior art that makes contributions to the prior art. The computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as a ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions to make a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network communication device such as a media gateway, etc.) execute the method described in each embodiment or some part of the embodiments of the present application.

[0099] It should be noted that the various embodiments described in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the related parts can be referred to the method part.

[0100] It should also be noted that in this document, relationship terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "including a" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0101] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to the embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for cold start of a fuel cell system on board a vehicle, characterized in that The method is applied to a fuel cell air intake system, which comprises an air compressor, a thermostat, a intercooler, a phase change heat storage module (PCM), a humidifier and a stack; the air compressor is connected to the PCM and the intercooler respectively at the rear end; the PCM and the intercooler are both connected to the thermostat; the thermostat is connected to the humidifier; the humidifier is connected to the stack, and the method comprises: When the fuel cell system is started, the thermostat adjusts the opening degree of the intercooler side to 0, and starts the air compressor to make the air pass through the PCM side completely; then the temperature of the PCM outlet temperature sensor is read, and different thermostat opening degrees are selected according to the reading; When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening degree of the intercooler side to 0, so that the air passes through the PCM side completely; When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening degree of the PCM side to 0, so that the air passes through the intercooler side completely; When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat adjusts the opening degrees of the PCM side and the intercooler side, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, and the cold start of the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system is realized; The method further comprises: When the fuel cell system is shut down, the thermostat adjusts the opening degree of the PCM side to 0, reads the temperature of the PCM side outlet temperature sensor, and selects different thermostat opening degrees according to the reading; When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor, the thermostat controls the opening degree of the PCM side to 0, so that the air passes through the intercooler side completely; When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat controls the opening degree of the intercooler side to 0, so that the air passes through the PCM side completely; When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat adjusts the opening degrees of the PCM side and the intercooler side, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, and the shutdown purge of the fuel cell system when the vehicle is turned off is realized.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, After the shutdown purge of the fuel cell system when the vehicle is turned off is realized, the method further comprises: The fuel cell system is controlled to enter the heat preservation mode, and the temperature of the stack is read every preset time to determine whether the design start time requirement is met.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, When it is determined that the design start time requirement is not met, the method further comprises: When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat adjusts the opening degree of the PCM side and the intercooler side, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, until the stack temperature meets the design start requirement; When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, and not less than the temperature required for the stack design start, the thermostat controls the opening degree of the intercooler side to be 0, so that the air passes through the PCM side entirely, until the stack temperature meets the design start requirement; When the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the temperature required for the stack design start, the thermostat controls the opening degree of the PCM side to be 0, so that the air passes through the intercooler side entirely, until the stack temperature meets the design start requirement, achieving the heat preservation purging of the fuel cell system.

4. A cold start device for a vehicular fuel cell system, comprising: The device is applied to a fuel cell air inlet system, which comprises an air compressor, a thermostat, an intercooler, a PCM, a humidifier and a stack; the rear end of the air compressor is connected to the PCM and the intercooler respectively; the PCM and the intercooler are connected to the thermostat; the thermostat is connected to the humidifier; the humidifier is connected to the stack, and the device comprises: A first adjusting unit, which is used for, when the fuel cell system is started, the thermostat adjusting the opening degree of the intercooler side to be 0, and starting the air compressor to make the air pass through the PCM side entirely; then reading the temperature of the PCM outlet temperature sensor, and corresponding to different opening degrees of the thermostat according to the reading; A first control unit, which is used for, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor, and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat controlling the opening degree of the intercooler side to be 0, so that the air passes through the PCM side entirely; A second control unit, which is used for, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor, and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat controlling the opening degree of the PCM side to be 0, so that the air passes through the intercooler side entirely; A second adjusting unit, which is used for, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, the thermostat adjusting the opening degree of the PCM side and the intercooler side, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, achieving the cold start of the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system; The device further comprises: A third adjusting unit, which is used for, when the fuel cell system is shut down, the thermostat adjusting the opening degree of the PCM side to be 0, and reading the temperature of the PCM side outlet temperature sensor, and corresponding to different opening degrees of the thermostat according to the reading; A third control unit, which is used for, when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor, the thermostat controlling the opening degree of the PCM side to be 0, so that the air passes through the intercooler side entirely; The fourth control unit is configured to control the thermostat to set the opening degree of the intercooler side to 0 when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, so that the air passes through the PCM side completely. The fourth adjusting unit is configured to adjust the opening degrees of the PCM side and the intercooler side when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the rear end temperature of the air compressor and not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, and the shutdown purge of the fuel cell system when the vehicle is turned off is realized.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The device further comprises: The determining unit is configured to control the fuel cell system to enter a heat preservation mode after the shutdown purge of the fuel cell system when the vehicle is turned off, and read the temperature of the stack every preset time to determine whether the design start time requirement is met.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, When it is determined that the design start time requirement is not met, the device further comprises: The fifth adjusting unit is configured to adjust the opening degrees of the PCM side and the intercooler side when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is not less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand, so that the air temperature entering the stack is controlled within the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand until the temperature of the stack meets the design start requirement. The fifth control unit is configured to control the opening degree of the intercooler side to 0 when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the maximum temperature that the stack can withstand and not less than the temperature required by the design start of the stack, so that the air passes through the PCM side completely until the temperature of the stack meets the design start requirement. The sixth control unit is configured to control the opening degree of the PCM side to 0 when the air outlet temperature of the PCM is less than the temperature required by the design start of the stack, so that the air passes through the intercooler side completely until the temperature of the stack meets the design start requirement, and the heat preservation purge of the fuel cell system is realized.

7. A cold start apparatus based on a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system, characterized by comprising: Comprise: A processor, a memory, a system bus; The processor and the memory are connected through the system bus; The memory is configured to store one or more programs, and the one or more programs comprise instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to execute the method of any one of claims 1-3.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions run on the terminal device, the terminal device executes the method of any one of claims 1-3.

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