A tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device, its fixing device, and its arrangement method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tunnel monitoring and early warning technology, and particularly to a tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device, its fixing device, and its arrangement method. The monitoring and early warning device includes an input section, a central control section, and an output section. The input section includes a vibrating wire earth pressure sensor, a VM series vibrating wire professional reading module, an independent button module, and a power supply circuit. The central control section is a central processing unit. The output section includes a display module and an audible and visual alarm. Compared with existing handheld frequency reading instruments for vibrating wire sensors, this monitoring and early warning device can measure the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor at a high frequency and display the earth pressure data on the display module. When the measured earth pressure exceeds a threshold, it automatically triggers an audible and visual alarm to promptly remind construction personnel to evacuate, ensuring personnel safety in the event of an accident.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel monitoring and early warning technology, and in particular to a tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device, a fixing device, and an arrangement method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing tunnels are increasingly constrained by the existing urban building structures, mountain geological environment, and increasingly dense underground transportation networks, leaving less and less space for tunnel route selection and construction. As a result, many urban traffic tunnels under construction are characterized by large cross-sections and small clearances, which can easily lead to tunnel instability and accidents during construction.

[0003] For tunnels with large cross-sections and small clearances, there are high requirements for monitoring and measurement frequency to ensure the safety of tunnel construction. Currently, most of the measurement methods for tunnel vibrating wire sensors (earth pressure cells, rebar gauges, etc.) are done manually using frequency reading instruments, which cannot meet the requirements. At the same time, the method of using intelligent acquisition boxes to collect data cannot provide timely feedback to on-site construction personnel when special circumstances occur. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fixing device and arrangement method for a tunnel detection and early warning device, which mainly solves the technical problems mentioned in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device, the monitoring and early warning device comprising an input section, a central control section and an output section;

[0007] The input section includes a vibrating wire earth pressure sensor, a VM series vibrating wire professional reading module, an independent button module, and a power supply circuit.

[0008] The central control unit includes a central processing unit;

[0009] The output section includes a display module and an audible and visual alarm.

[0010] The vibrating wire earth pressure sensor is installed on the surrounding rock of the tunnel to detect the earth pressure in the surrounding rock and generate an earth pressure frequency that is sent to the VM series vibrating wire professional reading module.

[0011] The VM series vibrating wire professional reading module converts the earth pressure frequency into an electrical signal after sequentially excitation, shaping, amplification, filtering, and identification, and then inputs the electrical signal to the central processing unit.

[0012] The independent button module is used to input the earth pressure threshold to the central processing unit;

[0013] The central processing unit compares the electrical signal with the earth pressure threshold and generates an output signal to control the display module to display the actual detected earth pressure value. If the earth pressure exceeds the threshold, an alarm is triggered by the audible and visual alarm.

[0014] The vibrating wire earth pressure sensor, the VM series vibrating wire professional reading module, the independent button module, the central processing unit, the display module, and the audible and visual alarm are respectively connected to the power supply circuit.

[0015] A fixing device is used for fixing and installing the monitoring and early warning device according to the claim, the fixing device including fixing claws;

[0016] One end of the fixed claw is provided with multiple retractable claw bodies for mounting a vibrating wire earth pressure sensor.

[0017] The other end of the fixing claw is equipped with a fixing rod, and the outer surface of the fixing rod is provided with a U-shaped fixing plate for installing the fixing device on the steel arch frame of the tunnel surrounding rock;

[0018] The other end of the fixed rod is equipped with a monitoring and early warning device box via at least one connecting rod, and the monitoring and early warning device box is used to install the main body of the monitoring and early warning device.

[0019] Preferably, the outer surface of the fixing claw is provided with a plurality of strip grooves for accommodating the claw body, and one end sidewall of the strip groove is rotatably connected to both ends of the claw body;

[0020] The claw body is designed with an L-shaped structure, and the longer part of the claw body can be rotated and stored in the strip groove.

[0021] Preferably, the fixing claw, fixing rod, and connecting rod are all hollow rods;

[0022] The outer surface of the fixing claw is provided with a wire-passing hole;

[0023] The fixed claw has a first-stage internal thread at the end away from the claw body;

[0024] One end of the fixing rod is provided with a first-level external thread that matches the first-level internal thread, and the other end of the fixing rod is provided with a second-level internal thread;

[0025] One end of the connecting rod is provided with a secondary external thread that matches the secondary internal thread, and the other end of the connecting rod is provided with a tertiary internal thread.

[0026] Preferably, the monitoring and early warning device box includes a box body, one end of which is provided with an opening, and the end of the box body away from the opening is provided with a connecting pipe. The end of the connecting pipe near the box body extends through to the inner wall of the box body, and the end of the connecting pipe away from the box body is provided with a three-stage external thread, which matches the three-stage internal thread.

[0027] A method for arranging a tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device, applicable to the aforementioned monitoring and early warning device and fixing device, wherein the monitoring and early warning device is installed on the tunnel surrounding rock through the fixing device, specifically including the following steps:

[0028] S1. Initial support is provided for the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and a vibrating wire earth pressure sensor is installed on the surrounding rock of the tunnel through the fixing device;

[0029] S2. The vibrating wire earth pressure sensor is buried to form a buried layer, and the monitoring and early warning device body is installed on the outside of the buried layer by a fixing device;

[0030] S3. Establish a communication connection between the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor and the monitoring and early warning device body;

[0031] S4. Input the earth pressure threshold into the main body of the monitoring and early warning device.

[0032] Preferably, S1 specifically includes:

[0033] A steel arch frame is erected on the surrounding rock of the tunnel. Then, a vibrating wire earth pressure sensor is installed on the claw of the fixing claw. The fixing claw, the fixing rod, and the connecting rod are installed in sequence. The vibrating wire earth pressure sensor is then pressed tightly against the surrounding rock of the tunnel. The control cable of the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor is then passed through the through hole into the fixing claw and out through the inside of the fixing claw, the fixing rod, and the connecting rod in sequence. The U-shaped fixing plate on the fixing rod is then welded to the steel arch frame for fixation. Finally, the end of the connecting rod and the control cable are sealed with velvet.

[0034] Preferably, step S2 specifically includes:

[0035] Concrete is sprayed onto the surrounding rock of the tunnel to form the embedded layer, and the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor and steel arch frame are then embedded there.

[0036] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes:

[0037] Remove the velvet cloth and thread the control cable through the monitoring and early warning device box. Then, establish a communication connection between the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor and the monitoring and early warning device body through the control cable. Next, install the monitoring and early warning device body inside the monitoring and early warning device box and connect the monitoring and early warning device body to an external power source through the power supply circuit.

[0038] Preferably, step S4 specifically includes:

[0039] The earth pressure threshold is determined based on the vibrating wire pressure sensor and input to the central processing unit via an independent button module.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0041] Compared with existing handheld frequency reading instruments for vibrating wire earth pressure sensors, this monitoring and early warning device can measure the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor at a high frequency and display the earth pressure value on the display module. When the measured earth pressure exceeds the earth pressure threshold, it will automatically trigger an audible and visual alarm to promptly remind construction personnel to evacuate, ensuring personnel safety in the event of an accident. At the same time, compared with monitoring systems deployed by network fiber optics, it can reduce the cost of use. Furthermore, the fixing device in this system can reduce the damage to the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor cable during shotcreting, improving the high success rate of vibrating wire earth pressure sensor installation. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 In this invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring and early warning device architecture of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the arrangement method of the tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the fixing device of the present invention;

[0048] In the diagram: 1. Surrounding rock of the tunnel; 2. Buried layer; 3. Monitoring and early warning device; 4. Fixing device; 41. Fixing claw; 411. Claw body; 412. Strip groove; 413. First-level internal thread; 414. Threading hole; 42. Fixing rod; 421. U-shaped fixing plate; 422. First-level external thread; 423. Second-level internal thread; 43. Connecting rod; 431. Second-level external thread; 432. Third-level internal thread; 44. Monitoring and early warning device box; 441. Box body; 442. Connecting pipe; 443. Third-level external thread; 5. Vibrating wire earth pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this invention provides a tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device. The monitoring and early warning device 3 includes an input section, a central control section, and an output section. The input section includes a vibrating wire earth pressure sensor, a VM series vibrating wire professional reading module (selecting the VM604 vibrating wire reading measurement module), an independent button module, and a power supply circuit. The central control section includes a central processing unit (using a low-power, high-performance STC89C52 microcontroller). The output section includes a display module (selecting the LCD1602 display module) and an audible and visual alarm.

[0051] The central processing unit and VM series vibrating wire professional reading module are installed inside the monitoring and early warning device body, while the independent button module, display module and audible and visual alarm are installed on the outer surface of the monitoring and early warning device body; the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor 5, VM series vibrating wire professional reading module, independent button module, central processing unit, display module and audible and visual alarm are respectively connected to the power supply circuit;

[0052] Before use, the monitoring and early warning device 3 first installs a vibrating wire earth pressure sensor 5 on the surrounding rock of the tunnel 1 to detect the earth pressure and generate an earth pressure frequency, which is then sent to the VM series vibrating wire professional reading module. The VM series vibrating wire professional reading module converts the earth pressure frequency into an electrical signal through excitation, shaping, amplification, filtering, and recognition, and inputs the electrical signal to the central processing unit. The earth pressure threshold is then input to the central processing unit via the rectangular button on the independent button module. The central processing unit compares the electrical signal frequency with the earth pressure threshold frequency and generates an output signal, which controls the display module to display the actual detected earth pressure value. At the same time, when the electrical signal frequency input to the central processing unit is greater than the preset earth pressure threshold frequency, the audible and visual alarm is activated (the audible and visual alarm includes a buzzer and a strobe light; the buzzer is used to emit an alarm sound to remind construction personnel to evacuate, and the strobe light continuously emits a flashing light to help construction personnel determine whether the alarm sound is emitted by the alarm and prevent misjudgment).

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a fixing device for fixing a monitoring and early warning device 3 to the surrounding rock 1 of a tunnel. The fixing device 4 includes a fixing claw 41, one end of which is equipped with multiple retractable claw bodies 411 for attaching a vibrating wire earth pressure sensor 5 to the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel. The outer surface of the fixing claw 41 has multiple slots 412 for accommodating the claw bodies 411, and the claw bodies 411 are rotatably mounted on the sidewall of one end of the slots 412. Furthermore, the claw bodies 411 are L-shaped, allowing the longer portion of the claw body 411 to be rotatably stored in the slots 412 when not in use, facilitating transportation. The other end of the fixing claw 41 is fixedly equipped with a fixing rod 42, and U-shaped fixing plates 421 are symmetrically welded to both ends of the outer surface of the fixing rod 42. When installing the fixing device 4, the U-shaped fixing plate 421 can be welded to the steel arch frame erected inside the tunnel surrounding rock 1 to fix the fixing device 4 as a whole. The other end of the fixing rod 42 is equipped with a monitoring and early warning device box 44 through at least one connecting rod 43. The number of connecting rods 43 can be determined according to the thickness of the buried layer 2. The connecting rods 43 are used to install the monitoring and early warning device box 44 on the outside of the buried layer 2 to fix the monitoring and early warning device body, so that the construction personnel can control the monitoring and early warning device 3 and observe the soil pressure value. In addition, before the secondary lining construction, the monitoring and early warning device box 44 can be separated from the connecting rod 43 and reconnected to the connecting rod 43 of the newly arranged section point to achieve the purpose of reuse and reduce the cost of use.

[0054] Specifically, the fixing claw 41, fixing rod 42, and connecting rod 43 are all hollow rods, and the outer surface of the fixing claw 41 is provided with a wire hole 414, which facilitates the passage of the control cable of the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor 5 through the wire hole 414 into the inside of the fixing device 4, thus protecting the control cable. The end of the fixing claw 41 away from the claw body 411 is provided with a first-level internal thread 413, one end of the fixing rod 42 is provided with a first-level external thread 422 that matches the first-level internal thread 413, and the other end of the fixing rod 42 is provided with a second-level internal thread 423. One end of the connecting rod 43 is provided with a second-level external thread 431 that matches the second-level internal thread 423, and the other end of the connecting rod 43 is provided with a third-level internal thread 432. The fixing claw 41, fixing rod 42, and connecting rod 43 can be coaxially installed by means of threaded connection, and the number of fixing rods 42 and connecting rods 43 can be increased according to actual installation requirements.

[0055] Specifically, the monitoring and early warning device box 44 includes a box body 441. One end of the box body 441 has an opening. A connecting pipe 442 is installed at the end of the box body 441 away from the opening. The end of the connecting pipe 442 near the box body 441 extends through to the inner wall of the box body 441. The end of the connecting pipe 442 away from the box body 441 has a three-stage external thread 443. The three-stage external thread 443 matches the three-stage internal thread 432, which is used to thread the monitoring and early warning device box 44 onto the end of the connecting rod 43 for easy disassembly and installation.

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for arranging a tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device, which can be fixedly installed on the tunnel surrounding rock 1 by a fixing device 4 for safety monitoring, specifically including the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: Initial support is provided for the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel, and the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor 5 is installed on the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel through the fixing device 4;

[0058] Specifically, firstly, a steel arch frame is erected on the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel. Then, the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor 5 is installed on the claw body 411 of the fixed claw 41. The fixed claw 41, the fixed rod 42, and the connecting rod 43 are installed in sequence. Then, the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor 5 is attached tightly to the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel. The control cable of the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor 5 is threaded through the wire hole 414 and then passes out from the inside of the fixed claw 41, the fixed rod 42, and the connecting rod 43 in sequence. Then, the U-shaped fixing plate 421 on the fixed rod 42 is welded to the steel arch frame for fixation. Finally, the end of the connecting rod 43 and the control cable are sealed with velvet.

[0059] Step 2: Install the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor 5 to form the installation layer 2;

[0060] Specifically, concrete is sprayed onto the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel to embed the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor 5 and the steel arch frame, thereby forming an embedded layer 2 on the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel to achieve the purpose of initial support.

[0061] Step 3: Install the main body of the monitoring and early warning device on the outside of the buried layer 2 through the fixing device 4, and establish a communication connection between the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor 5 and the main body of the monitoring and early warning device.

[0062] Specifically, first, remove the velvet cloth, and then insert the control cable into one end of the connecting pipe 442 of the monitoring and early warning device box 44, and then out from one end of the box body 441. Then, connect the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor 5 to the positive and negative cable interfaces reserved on the main body of the monitoring and early warning device through the control cable to establish a communication connection. Finally, install the main body of the monitoring and early warning device in the monitoring and early warning device box 44, and connect the main body of the monitoring and early warning device to the external power supply through the power supply circuit.

[0063] Step 4: Input the earth pressure threshold into the monitoring and early warning device.

[0064] Specifically, the earth pressure threshold is determined based on the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor, and the earth pressure threshold is input to the central processing unit through the rectangular button on the independent button module, thereby completing the overall layout and installation of the monitoring and early warning device 3, which can then be put into construction use; when the earth pressure frequency measured by the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor 5 exceeds the preset earth pressure threshold frequency, the audible and visual alarm will sound an alarm to remind construction personnel to evacuate the tunnel in time.

[0065] In this embodiment, the monitoring and early warning device 3 can measure earth pressure at high frequency and instantly determine whether the tunnel construction is safe when each measurement value is obtained. Compared with the previous intelligent acquisition box, it can instantly provide feedback to the construction personnel and protect their safety at the first time. At the same time, compared with the monitoring system deployed by the network fiber optic, it can reduce the cost of use.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device, characterized in that: The monitoring and early warning device (3) includes an input section, a central control section, and an output section; The input section includes a vibrating wire earth pressure sensor (5), a VM series vibrating wire professional reading module, an independent button module, and a power supply circuit. The central control unit includes a central processing unit; The output section includes a display module and an audible and visual alarm. The vibrating wire earth pressure sensor (5) is installed on the surrounding rock (1) of the tunnel to detect the earth pressure of the surrounding rock (1) and generate an earth pressure frequency to send to the VM series vibrating wire professional reading module. The VM series vibrating wire professional reading module converts the earth pressure frequency into an electrical signal after sequentially excitation, shaping, amplification, filtering, and identification, and then inputs the electrical signal to the central processing unit. The independent button module is used to input the earth pressure threshold to the central processing unit; The central processing unit compares the electrical signal with the earth pressure threshold and generates an output signal to control the display module to display the actual detected earth pressure value. If the earth pressure exceeds the threshold, an alarm is triggered by the audible and visual alarm. The vibrating wire earth pressure sensor (5), the VM series vibrating wire professional reading module, the independent button module, the central processing unit, the display module and the audible and visual alarm are respectively connected to the power supply circuit; The fixing device (4) is used to fix the monitoring and early warning device (3) in place. The fixing device (4) includes a fixing claw (41). One end of the fixed claw (41) is provided with multiple retractable claw bodies (411) for mounting a vibrating wire earth pressure sensor (5). The other end of the fixing claw (41) is equipped with a fixing rod (42), and the outer surface of the fixing rod (42) is provided with a U-shaped fixing plate (421) for installing the fixing device (4) on the steel arch frame of the tunnel surrounding rock (1); The other end of the fixed rod (42) is equipped with a monitoring and early warning device box (44) via at least one connecting rod (43), and the monitoring and early warning device box (44) is used to install the monitoring and early warning device body; The outer surface of the fixed claw (41) is provided with a plurality of strip grooves (412) for accommodating the claw body (411), and one end sidewall of the strip groove (412) is rotatably connected to the two ends of the claw body (411). The claw body (411) is configured with an L-shaped structure, and the longer part of the claw body (411) can be rotated and stored in the strip groove (412); The fixing claw (41), fixing rod (42) and connecting rod (43) are all hollow rods; The outer surface of the fixing claw (41) is provided with a wire hole (414). The fixed claw (41) has a first-level internal thread (413) at the end away from the claw body (411). One end of the fixing rod (42) is provided with a first-level external thread (422) that matches the first-level internal thread (413), and the other end of the fixing rod (42) is provided with a second-level internal thread (423). One end of the connecting rod (43) is provided with a secondary external thread (431) that matches the secondary internal thread (423), and the other end of the connecting rod (43) is provided with a tertiary internal thread (432). The monitoring and early warning device box (44) includes a box body (441), one end of which is provided with an opening, and a connecting pipe (442) is provided at the end of the box body (441) away from the opening. The end of the connecting pipe (442) near the box body (441) extends through to the inner wall of the box body (441), and the end of the connecting pipe (442) away from the box body (441) is provided with a three-stage external thread (443), which matches the three-stage internal thread (432).

2. A method for arranging a tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device, characterized in that, The monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 is used to install the monitoring and early warning device (3) on the surrounding rock (1) of the tunnel via the fixing device (4), specifically including the following steps: S1. Initial support is provided for the surrounding rock (1) of the tunnel, and the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor (5) is installed on the surrounding rock (1) of the tunnel through the fixing device (4); S2. The vibrating wire earth pressure sensor (5) is buried to form a buried layer (2), and the monitoring and early warning device body is installed on the outside of the buried layer (2) by means of a fixing device (4); S3. Establish a communication connection between the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor (5) and the monitoring and early warning device body; S4. Input the earth pressure threshold into the main body of the monitoring and early warning device.

3. The method for arranging a tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Specifically, S1 includes: A steel arch frame is erected on the surrounding rock (1) of the tunnel. Then, the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor (5) is installed on the claw body (411) of the fixed claw (41). The fixed claw (41), the fixed rod (42) and the connecting rod (43) are installed in sequence. The vibrating wire earth pressure sensor (5) is then attached to the surrounding rock (1) of the tunnel. The control cable of the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor (5) is then passed through the wire hole (414) into the fixed claw (41) and then passes through the inside of the fixed claw (41), the fixed rod (42) and the connecting rod (43) in sequence. The U-shaped fixing plate (421) on the fixed rod (42) is then welded to the steel arch frame for fixation. Finally, the end of the connecting rod (43) and the control cable are sealed with velvet.

4. The method for arranging a tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Specifically, S2 includes: Concrete is sprayed onto the surrounding rock (1) of the tunnel to form the embedded layer (2), and the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor (5) and the steel arch frame are embedded therein.

5. The method for arranging a tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Specifically, S3 includes: Take out the velvet cloth and thread the control cable through the monitoring and early warning device box (44). Then, establish a communication connection between the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor (5) and the monitoring and early warning device body through the control cable. Then, install the monitoring and early warning device body in the monitoring and early warning device box (44) and connect the monitoring and early warning device body to the external power supply through the power supply circuit.

6. The method for arranging a tunnel surrounding rock monitoring and early warning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Specifically, S4 includes: The earth pressure threshold is determined according to the vibrating wire earth pressure sensor (5), and the earth pressure threshold is input to the central processing unit through the independent button module.

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