A substation cable maintenance monitoring method and system based on digital twinning

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on digital twinning substation cable maintenance monitoring method and system, including following steps, S1, the spatial position of cable and cable slot box is respectively obtained;S2, fitting position is determined according to spatial position, and the model of slot box is established according to environmental condition;S3, index signal detection cable is sent, obtains index signal based on the three-dimensional variation curve of slot box model;S4, different electronic fence is set to maintenance index, whether needing maintenance is judged according to maintenance index to three-dimensional variation curve section;The actual situation of cable in substation is converted into digital model to judge and show, improve the degree of convenience for remote maintenance monitoring, cable slot box in substation can be monitored, and the maintenance position of cable is accurately obtained;It is convenient to digitally depict the position of different slot box in slot box set, avoid repeated call spatial position data, so that the position of slot box in same slot box set can be expressed by same group of data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of substation cable maintenance and monitoring technology, and in particular to a substation cable maintenance and monitoring method and system based on digital twins. Background Technology

[0002] Substation construction models are constantly evolving, from conventional to intelligent substations, and from conventional construction methods to modular construction. Cable laying schemes are also continuously adjusted to adapt to and meet the technical requirements of substation construction. However, the optimized design and standardized processes for exposed cable trays in substations are still not perfect. With the continuous development of integrated design and construction, new demands are being placed on optimizing substation cable laying. Currently, substations adopt modular steel structure construction, resulting in short construction cycles and high installation requirements. The use of integrated wall panels, which cannot be fabricated on-site, places even higher demands on cable laying, allowing no room for error. Oversights caused by concealed cabling during construction or design are difficult to remedy later, and may even affect the construction period and cause economic losses.

[0003] In the existing technology, because cables are laid in various ways, maintenance still requires manual on-site inspection and maintenance, which is inefficient, time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0004] For example, a "Geographic Wiring Diagram Maintenance Method, System and Medium" disclosed in Chinese patent literature, with publication number CN114238529A, discloses a method that includes obtaining a list of substations, substation maintenance status, a list of lines under the substations and line maintenance status; opening the geographic wiring diagram and loading the data of the maintained substations and lines; selecting the line to be maintained and locking the line; however, this solution cannot perform maintenance monitoring of substation cables. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of inconsistent and inaccurate maintenance and monitoring of cables laid out in substations in existing technologies, this invention provides a substation cable maintenance and monitoring method and system based on digital twins. This system can monitor cable trays within substations and accurately determine the maintenance location of cables.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A substation cable maintenance monitoring method based on digital twins includes the following steps: S1, acquiring the spatial positions of cables and cable trays respectively; S2, determining the fitting position of the cable trays based on the spatial positions, and establishing a model of the cable trays based on environmental conditions; S3, sending indicator signals to detect cables, and obtaining a three-dimensional change curve of the indicator signals based on the cable tray model; S4, setting maintenance indicators for different electronic fences, and judging whether maintenance is required by segmenting the three-dimensional change curves according to the maintenance indicators. The method acquires the positions of cables and cable trays within the substation and establishes a digital model of the cable trays regarding their position and environment; by detecting changes in the signals and the digital model of the cable trays, a digital model of the detection results is obtained; different maintenance indicators are established for different cable tray positions to determine whether each cable requires maintenance; furthermore, the determination of different maintenance indicators is based on thresholds for different fields of the digital model, thereby converting the actual situation of cables within the substation into a digital model for judgment and display, improving the convenience of remote maintenance monitoring, enabling monitoring of cable trays within the substation, and accurately determining the maintenance location of cables.

[0008] Preferably, S2 is implemented by grouping multiple spatially proximate slots into a slot set. This slot set includes spatial coefficients representing the relative positions of the slots. Determining these spatial coefficients involves different transformation matrices representing the relative positions within the same coordinate system. After obtaining the spatial position of each slot, a precision range is defined within the space. Multiple slots within this precision range are grouped into a slot set. The spatial position of each slot within the slot set is transformed about the spatial center to obtain a position transformation matrix. This position transformation matrix is ​​then set as the spatial coefficient, thus converting the spatial position of each slot into a numerical positional relationship within the current slot set. The establishment of the slot set allows for the division of slots within the substation based on their location, facilitating a unified reference for slots at different locations within the substation. Obtaining the spatial coefficients of the slots facilitates the digital characterization of the positions of different slots within the slot set, avoiding repeated calls to spatial position data, and ensuring that the positions of slots within the same slot set can be represented using the same set of data.

[0009] Preferably, the latitude and longitude data of the slot set is obtained. Based on the latitude and longitude data and spatial coefficients, the fitted position of the slot is determined, and a fitted position set of the slot is established. The environmental conditions at different latitude and longitude data are displayed in the corresponding fitted position set. After unifying multiple slots into a slot set, multiple slots at different or similar locations within the substation are represented by multiple slot sets with different locations. Further, the latitude and longitude data of each slot set is determined. The fitted latitude and longitude position of each slot in the slot set is obtained using the latitude and longitude data and spatial coefficients. The fitted latitude and longitude position is the fitted position, making the spatial coefficient set a fitted position set. Then, the environmental conditions at the original latitude and longitude data are added to the fitted position set, thereby achieving the simultaneous display of the slot's position and environment. This allows the actual position of the slot to be obtained and the environment at that actual position to be represented.

[0010] Preferably, determining the fitting location set includes establishing electronic fences for cable trays at the same fitting location; and combining the cable arrangement within each electronic fence with the fitting data of the cable tray according to the cable arrangement methods of different types of cable trays. Establishing electronic fences for cable trays at the same fitting location includes establishing electronic fences for cable trays with the same latitude and longitude after fitting but not belonging to the same cable tray set, thereby obtaining multiple cable trays located at the same location in the substation but at different heights; fitting the different types of cable trays with the fitting data and combining the fitting data of the cable trays within the electronic fences to form a fitting dataset. Through the second classification of cable tray locations, a unified display of cable trays with the same location characteristics is achieved.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the implementation of establishing a tank model based on environmental conditions includes acquiring temperature data and processing the data, extracting temperature data features from the processed temperature data, and monitoring and identifying anomalies. This enables accurate monitoring of the tank temperature.

[0012] A substation cable maintenance and monitoring system based on digital twins includes cable trays containing multiple cables. The cables are connected to a processing module for modeling the cable trays. The processing module is also connected to a data acquisition module for sending detection signals and monitoring the cable tray environment. The cable trays are square hollow structures that provide conduits for cable laying and facilitate monitoring and protection of the internal cables. A processing module is located within the substation, with both ends connected to the cables and wirelessly connected to the data acquisition module. Through the data acquisition and processing modules, the system achieves data acquisition and digital modeling of the cable trays, facilitating cable detection within the trays. This enables real-time maintenance monitoring and location modeling of cables within the substation, improving maintenance efficiency and monitoring accuracy.

[0013] Preferably, the cable tray includes a basic component and connectors. The basic component contains symmetrically arranged cable trays, which are exposed to both the interior and exterior of the substation. Exposed cabling within the cable tray facilitates maintenance of the integrated wall panel and provides technical support for convenient inspection and repair. This enables visualized, simple, and efficient operation and maintenance of the pipelines in the future.

[0014] Preferably, the acquisition module includes a signal transmitter connected to a processing module. The processing module is connected to multiple environmental variable sensors, which are used to detect various environmental variables inside and outside the substation. The acquisition module also includes multiple position sensors, each located in a different slot, used to detect the position of the slot and connected to the processing module. The environmental variable sensors include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, pressure sensors, etc., capable of detecting various environmental variables at different locations within the substation.

[0015] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] (1) Converting the actual situation of cables in the substation into a digital model for judgment and display improves the convenience of remote maintenance monitoring, enabling monitoring of cable trays in the substation and accurately obtaining the maintenance location of cables; (2) Facilitating the digital characterization of the location of different trays in the tray set, avoiding repeated calls to spatial location data, so that the location of trays in the same tray set can be represented by the same set of data; (3) Enabling the actual location of the tray and representing the environment of the actual location; (4) Realizing the relevant data acquisition and digital modeling of the tray through the acquisition module and processing module, while facilitating the detection of cables in the tray, realizing the location and environment modeling of cables in the substation and real-time maintenance monitoring, improving maintenance efficiency and monitoring accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings described below are merely exemplary. Those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without any inventive effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of a substation cable maintenance and monitoring method based on digital twins in this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a substation cable maintenance and monitoring system based on digital twins, as described in this invention.

[0020] In the picture:

[0021] 1-Slot box; 2-Processing module; 3-Acquisition module. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the present invention discloses a substation cable maintenance and monitoring method based on digital twin, including the following steps: S1, obtaining the spatial positions of the cable and the cable tray respectively.

[0024] In use, the position of the cable relative to the slot is obtained, and the relative position between slots is obtained. The relative position of the slots includes the relative position of the cable, so that the position monitoring of the cable can be converted into the position monitoring of the slot, and the position monitoring of the slot can be converted into the position monitoring of the set of slots. Ultimately, the segmentation monitoring of the slots represents the segmentation monitoring of the cables.

[0025] S2. Determine the fitting position of the slot box based on its spatial location and establish a model of the slot box according to the environmental conditions. S2 involves grouping multiple slot boxes with similar spatial locations into a slot box set. This set includes spatial coefficients representing the relative positions of the slot boxes. Determining these spatial coefficients involves using different transformation matrices for the relative positions within the same coordinate system. After obtaining the spatial position of each slot box, a precision range is set within the space. Multiple slot boxes within this precision range are grouped into a slot box set. The spatial position of each slot box within the set is transformed about the spatial center to obtain a position transformation matrix, which is then set as the spatial coefficient. The latitude and longitude data of the slot box set are obtained. Based on the latitude and longitude data and the spatial coefficients, the fitting position of the slot box is determined, and a set of fitting positions for the slot box is established. The environmental conditions for different latitude and longitude data are then displayed in the corresponding set of fitting positions. After unifying multiple cable trays into a single set, cable trays at different or similar locations within a substation are represented by multiple sets of cable trays at different locations. Further, the latitude and longitude data of each set of cable trays are determined. Using the latitude and longitude data and spatial coefficients, the fitted latitude and longitude position of each cable tray in the set is obtained. This fitted latitude and longitude position becomes the fitted position set, transforming the spatial coefficient set into a fitted position set. Determining the fitted position set includes establishing electronic fences for cable trays with the same fitted position; combining the cable arrangement within each electronic fence with the fitted data of the cable tray based on the cable tray's different cable types. Establishing electronic fences for cable trays with the same fitted position includes establishing electronic fences for cable trays with the same fitted latitude and longitude but not belonging to the same set, thus obtaining multiple cable trays located at the same location but at different heights within the substation; fitting the different types of cable trays with the fitted data and combining the fitted data of the cable trays within the electronic fences into a fitted dataset. Through this second classification of cable tray positions, a unified display of cable trays with the same location characteristics is achieved.

[0026] In use, after detecting the relative position information of the slot boxes, the slot box set is determined based on the relative position information of the slot boxes. The position of the slot box at the center of the slot box set is detected to obtain latitude and longitude data. The fitted position of each slot box is calculated based on the latitude and longitude data. Then, the slot boxes are classified according to the fitted positions to obtain a fitted dataset. Each fitted dataset includes slot boxes with the same or similar positional structural features, which also makes the slot boxes located in the same fitted dataset have similar or related environmental changes.

[0027] The implementation of establishing a trough model based on environmental conditions includes acquiring temperature data and processing the data, extracting temperature data features from the processed temperature data, and monitoring and identifying anomalies.

[0028] When using this data, processing includes: data cleaning, which involves removing distracting values ​​from the dataset, including handling missing values ​​and outliers; data deletion: if the missing rate of temperature data is as high as 80% and its importance is low, this data can be deleted directly. Data imputation: if the missing rate of temperature data is less than 5% and it is relatively important, the missing data needs to be imputed. Imputation methods include interpolation, model imputation, and median imputation.

[0029] Besides missing data, another issue in data cleaning is outlier handling. Outliers here do not refer to data that normally reflects the status of substation prefabricated cable trays due to abnormal temperatures. For outliers, a method can be used... The principle is to find and process data that deviates from the mean. Values ​​other than those specified are considered outliers, as shown in the following formula:

[0030] (1)

[0031] In the formula, Represents the average distance The probability other than; Represents standard deviation; Represents the mean; Represents the original data points.

[0032] Data processing includes data transformation; data transformation refers to changing the format, form, and structure of data to make it suitable for data mining, specifically including data normalization and discretization. Data normalization refers to scaling the data according to a certain ratio to bring its dimensions within a uniform range. The processing formula is as follows:

[0033] (2)

[0034] In the formula, This is the normalized temperature value. , These represent the maximum and minimum values ​​within the scaling range of the normalized numerical values. , Represents the maximum and minimum values ​​in a temperature data series; This represents the original temperature value.

[0035] Discretization refers to dividing continuous data into smaller segments. Here, data grouping is performed by calculating the data's information entropy. The specific process is as follows:

[0036] Step 1: Sort the temperature dataset in ascending order.

[0037] Step 2: Calculate the candidate split points between each pair of adjacent data using the following formula.

[0038] (3)

[0039] In the formula, Represents candidate split points; Representing the One temperature data point; representing Temperature data.

[0040] Step 3: Repeat the above steps to construct a candidate segmentation point set.

[0041] Step 4: Select a split point from the candidate split point set that minimizes the information entropy value; information entropy value The calculation formula is as follows:

[0042] (4)

[0043] In the formula, Represents a data set; Represents the number of data points; Representing the The number of times each value appears.

[0044] Step 5: Use this breakpoint to divide the dataset into two intervals.

[0045] Step 6: Determine if the entropy is greater than the threshold and less than the specified number of data groups. If the above conditions are met, complete the temperature data discretization process; otherwise, repeat the above steps to recursively group the temperature data sequence until the conditions are met.

[0046] After preprocessing, the temperature data quality met the requirements for subsequent data mining.

[0047] The implementation of temperature data feature extraction includes: representing temperature data features through correlation dimensions, the specific process of which is as follows:

[0048] Step 1: Establish the phase space based on the temperature data of the prefabricated cable trays in the substation, and obtain the phase space vector. .

[0049] (5)

[0050] in,

[0051] (6)

[0052] In the formula, Represents characteristic quantities; Represents latency; Indicates the embedding dimension; This represents a temperature dataset.

[0053] Step 2: Take the maximum component between any two vectors as the distance between them. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0054] (7)

[0055] In the formula, Let them represent the difference coefficient and the distribution feature set, respectively. Let the fitness function be represented. Step 3: Calculate the correlation integral. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0056] (8)

[0057] In the formula, Represents the integral of association; This represents the number of data points in the phase space; Represents a given positive number; The Heaviside function is represented by the following expression:

[0058] (9)

[0059] Step 4: Calculate the correlation dimension The calculation formula is as follows:

[0060] (10)

[0061] Step 5: The formula for data feature extraction is expressed as follows:

[0062] (11)

[0063] In the formula, Represents the frequency multiplication factor; This represents the standard deviation of the approximation coefficient. The larger the value, the smaller the correlation dimension, indicating that the data in the dataset is more sparse.

[0064] The implementation of temperature anomaly monitoring and identification for prefabricated cable trays in substations includes the following: The anomaly index calculation formula is as follows:

[0065] (12)

[0066] In the formula, It represents a symmetric matrix with diagonal elements of 0. This represents the distance between features in the test dataset and features in the normal feature database.

[0067] The average distance is calculated using the following formula:

[0068] (13)

[0069] In the formula, This represents the average distance between features in the test dataset and features in the normal feature database.

[0070] Therefore, the anomaly index of this test dataset is calculated using the following formula:

[0071] (14)

[0072] In the formula, This represents the set of distributions of constraint characteristic parameters.

[0073] in,

[0074] (15)

[0075] (16)

[0076] According to Table 1 below, the abnormal temperature status of the prefabricated cable trays in the substation can be compared and identified.

[0077] Table 1 Abnormal Temperature Status of Prefabricated Cable Trays in Substations

[0078] Abnormal Index Abnormal state Greater than 1 High temperatures pose a significant risk. 0.5~1 The temperature is slightly high, posing a potential risk. Less than 0.5 Normal temperature

[0079] Anomaly identification enables real-time monitoring of temperature changes in prefabricated cable trays in substations, and the anomaly index is added to the fitted data set to establish a digital model of the trays.

[0080] S3. Send indicator signal to the detection cable and obtain the three-dimensional change curve of the indicator signal based on the slot model; S4. Set maintenance indicators for different electronic fences respectively, and judge whether maintenance is required by segmenting the three-dimensional change curve according to the maintenance indicators.

[0081] During operation, the positions of cables and cable trays within the substation are acquired, and a digital model of the trays' positions and environment is established. By detecting changes in the detection signals and the digital model of the trays, a digital model of the detection results is obtained. Different maintenance indicators are established for different tray locations to determine whether each cable requires maintenance. Furthermore, the different maintenance indicators are determined as thresholds for different fields of the digital model, thereby converting the actual situation of the cables within the substation into a digital model for judgment and display. The indicator signals are transmitted through the cables, and the changes in the indicator signals are recorded. A three-dimensional change curve is established based on the indicator signals and the digital model of the trays. The maintenance indicators and the three-dimensional change curves within different electronic fences are compared. When the value of the three-dimensional change curve reaches the maintenance indicator, the tray at that location is determined to require maintenance.

[0082] like Figure 2 As shown, this invention discloses a substation cable maintenance and monitoring system based on digital twins, including a cable tray 1 containing multiple cables; the cables are connected to a processing module 2, which is used to model the cable tray; the processing module 2 is connected to a data acquisition module 3, which is used to detect the environment inside and outside the cable tray. The cable tray is a square hollow component, used to provide a conduit for cable laying and to facilitate the monitoring and protection of the cables inside; a processing module is located inside the substation, with both ends connected to the cables, and the processing module is wirelessly connected to the data acquisition module. The cable tray includes a basic component and connecting components. The basic component has symmetrically arranged cable trays, which are laid openly inside and outside the substation. The data acquisition module includes multiple environmental variable sensors, and the processing module is connected to these sensors, which are used to detect various environmental variables inside and outside the substation. The data acquisition module includes multiple position sensors, each located in a different slot. The position sensors are used to detect the position of the slot, including relative position and latitude and longitude coordinates. The position sensors are connected to the processing module. The environmental variable sensors include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, pressure sensors, etc., which can detect various environmental variables at different locations in the substation.

[0083] During use, the processing module obtains the relative position of the tank through the position sensor, and obtains environmental variables such as temperature and humidity inside and outside the tank through the environmental variable sensor. The processing module sends the indicator signal to the cable. The indicator signal transmits its own change value and the corresponding tank position to the processing module in real time. The processing module is used to establish a three-dimensional change curve and judge whether maintenance is required based on the three-dimensional change curve and the preset maintenance indicators.

[0084] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A substation cable maintenance and monitoring method based on digital twin, characterized in that, Includes the following steps, S1. Obtain the spatial positions of the cable and cable tray respectively; S2. Determine the fitting position of the slot box based on its spatial location, and establish a model of the slot box based on the environmental conditions. This includes: obtaining the spatial position of each slot box, setting a precision range within the space, forming a slot box set from multiple slot boxes within the precision range, transforming the spatial position of each slot box in the slot box set about the spatial center to obtain a position transformation matrix, and setting the position transformation matrix as the spatial coefficient; obtaining the latitude and longitude data of the slot box set, determining the fitting position of the slot box based on the latitude and longitude data and the spatial coefficient, establishing a set of fitting positions for the slot box, and displaying the environmental conditions of different latitude and longitude data in the corresponding set of fitting positions. S3. Send the indicator signal detection cable to obtain the three-dimensional change curve of the indicator signal based on the slot box model; S4. Set maintenance indicators for different electronic fences, and determine whether maintenance is needed based on the segmented three-dimensional change curves according to the maintenance indicators.

2. The substation cable maintenance and monitoring method based on digital twin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The implementation of S2 also includes determining the latitude and longitude data of each slot set, obtaining the fitted latitude and longitude position of each slot in the slot set through the latitude and longitude data and spatial coefficients, and the fitted latitude and longitude position is the fitted position, so that the spatial coefficient set becomes the fitted position set.

3. The substation cable maintenance and monitoring method based on digital twin according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the fitting position set includes establishing an electronic fence for slots with the same fitting position; Based on the different types of cable trays, the fitting data of the cable arrangement method and the cable tray are combined for each electronic fence.

4. The substation cable maintenance and monitoring method based on digital twin according to claim 3, characterized in that, Establishing an electronic fence for slots at the same fitted location includes establishing an electronic fence for slots with the same latitude and longitude after fitting but not belonging to the same slot set, thereby obtaining multiple slots located at the same location in the substation but at different heights.

5. A substation cable maintenance and monitoring method based on digital twin according to claim 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The implementation of establishing a slot model based on environmental conditions includes acquiring temperature data and processing the data, extracting temperature data features from the processed temperature data, and monitoring and identifying anomalies. Anomaly identification enables real-time monitoring of temperature changes in prefabricated cable trays in substations, and anomaly indices are added to the fitted dataset.

6. A substation cable maintenance monitoring system based on digital twins, applicable to the substation cable maintenance method based on digital twins as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It includes a slot box containing multiple cables; the cables are connected to a processing module, which is used to model the slot box. The processing module is connected to a data acquisition module, which is used to detect the environment inside and outside the tank.

7. A substation cable maintenance and monitoring system based on digital twins according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cable tray includes a basic component and connectors. The basic component has symmetrically arranged cable trays, which are laid openly to the inside and outside of the substation.

8. A substation cable maintenance and monitoring system based on digital twins according to claim 7, characterized in that, The acquisition module includes multiple environmental variable sensors, and the processing module is connected to the multiple environmental variable sensors. The environmental variable sensors are used to detect various environmental variables inside and outside the substation.

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