An electrocardiogram electrode and an electrocardiogram monitoring system for reducing motion noise

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of electrocardiogram detection technology, and specifically to an electrocardiogram electrode and an electrocardiogram monitoring system for reducing motion noise. The electrocardiogram electrode for reducing motion noise includes a substrate layer and an electrode layer, the electrode layer is fixed on the substrate layer, the area of ​​the electrode layer is smaller than the area of ​​the substrate layer, and a cavity is provided in the substrate layer. The core idea of ​​the present invention is to use the cavity to slow down and resist the deformation of the electrode layer, so that the electrode layer will not suddenly and drastically deform, and will not cause the signal in the electrocardiogram to suddenly and drastically change, thereby reducing the motion noise in the electrocardiogram and improving the accuracy of the electrocardiogram. It has good application prospects in the field of electrocardiogram detection technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrocardiogram detection, and in particular to an electrocardiogram electrode and an electrocardiogram monitoring system for reducing motion noise. Background Art

[0002] In each cardiac cycle, the heart is excited successively by the pacemaker, atrium, and ventricle, accompanied by changes in electrocardiogram bioelectricity. The electrocardiograph records various forms of potential changes to form an electrocardiogram. The electrocardiogram is an objective indicator of the occurrence, propagation, and recovery process of cardiac excitement, and is used to examine arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia, ventricular enlargement, and other diseases.

[0003] When patients have symptoms such as palpitations, chest tightness, and chest pain, electrocardiograms can be used to diagnose heart disease. However, since arrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and myocardial ischemia often only occur briefly or under specific circumstances, conventional electrocardiograms are prone to miss detection. This requires the use of dynamic electrocardiograms to continuously record the electrocardiogram process within 24 hours, including electrocardiogram data in different situations such as sleep, activities, meals, work, and study.

[0004] ECG signals are weak human physiological signals. Generally speaking, the maximum amplitude does not exceed 5mV. ECG signals are easily affected by the conductivity of human skin and the external electromagnetic environment. When collecting dynamic electrocardiograms, when the subject moves, the electrode layer is easily separated from the skin and then reattached, changing the contact area between the electrode layer and the skin, thereby introducing noise into the ECG signal, namely motion noise, which affects the doctor's judgment of the heart condition. In the prior art, researchers only use flexible thin film electrode layers, such as doping metal particles, carbon nanotubes or graphene materials in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which not only fully utilizes the biocompatibility of polydimethylsiloxane, but also reduces the contact impedance. However, when the subject is exercising, the electrode layer is easily bent and deformed, resulting in a large change in resistance, which produces a large noise interference to the ECG signal. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an ECG electrode for reducing motion noise, comprising a substrate layer and an electrode layer, wherein the electrode layer is fixed on the substrate layer, the area of ​​the electrode layer is smaller than the area of ​​the substrate layer, and a cavity is provided in the substrate layer. When measuring ECG signals, the electrode layer contacts the skin to measure ECG signals of the human body. The substrate layer is used to fix the ECG electrode in the present invention on the skin.

[0006] The core idea of ​​the present invention is to use the cavity to slow down and resist the deformation of the electrode layer, so that the electrode layer will not undergo sudden and drastic deformation, will not cause sudden and drastic changes in the signal in the electrocardiogram, reduce the motion noise in the electrocardiogram, and improve the accuracy of the electrocardiogram.

[0007] Furthermore, the material of the substrate layer is acrylic resin, which is used to adhere the ECG electrode of the present invention to the skin.

[0008] Furthermore, the material of the electrode layer is a mixture of polydimethylsiloxane and a conductive material, and the mixture of polydimethylsiloxane and the conductive material forms a flexible electrode.

[0009] Furthermore, the conductive material is metal particles, carbon nanotubes, or graphene. When the conductive material is metal particles, the size of the metal particles is less than 10 micrometers to prevent the metal particles from damaging the flexibility of the electrode layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the thickness of the substrate layer is greater than 1.0 mm and less than 2 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the electrode layer is greater than 0.1 mm and less than 0.2 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the cavity includes a disc-shaped cavity and an annular cavity, the disc-shaped cavity is placed at the center of the electrode layer, and the annular cavity surrounds the disc-shaped cavity. The cavity is decomposed into two independent ones, and when the position of each cavity is bent and compressed, the pressure change in the cavity is greater, which can resist and ease the deformation faster and more, thereby improving the accuracy of the electrocardiogram.

[0013] Furthermore, air is provided in the disc-shaped cavity and the annular cavity, and the air pressure in the disc-shaped cavity is greater than the air pressure in the annular cavity, so that the center of the electrode layer is less likely to be bent or compressed to produce deformation.

[0014] Furthermore, there are multiple annular cavities, and the multiple annular cavities are arranged in concentric circles.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention provides an ECG monitoring system, which includes the ECG electrodes and lead wires for reducing motion noise, and an ECG instrument.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] (1) The present invention utilizes the cavity in the substrate layer to slow down and resist the deformation of the electrode layer, so that the electrode layer will not undergo sudden and large deformation, and will not cause sudden and large changes in the signal in the electrocardiogram, thereby reducing the motion noise in the electrocardiogram and improving the accuracy of the electrocardiogram.

[0018] (2) The present invention provides a plurality of cavities, thereby ensuring that the electrode layer has a certain degree of flexibility and preventing the electrode layer from suddenly and significantly deforming, which not only makes the wearer feel comfortable but also improves the accuracy of the electrocardiogram.

[0019] Based on the above effects, the present invention has good application prospects in the field of electrocardiogram detection technology.

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an ECG electrode for reducing motion noise.

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of another ECG electrode for reducing motion noise.

[0023] In the figure: 1, substrate layer; 2, electrode layer; 3, cavity; 31, disc-shaped cavity; 32, annular cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0025] The present invention provides an electrocardiogram electrode for reducing motion noise, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes a substrate layer 1 and an electrode layer 2. The material of the substrate layer 1 is propylene resin, the thickness of the substrate layer 1 is greater than 1.0 mm and less than 2 mm, the diameter of the substrate layer 1 is greater than 28 mm and less than 36 mm, and the substrate layer 1 is used to adhere the electrode layer 2 in the present invention to the skin. The electrode layer 2 is fixed on the substrate layer 1, the area of ​​the electrode layer 2 is smaller than the area of ​​the substrate layer 1, the diameter of the electrode layer 2 is greater than 6 mm and less than 12 mm, and the thickness of the electrode layer 2 is greater than 0.1 mm and less than 0.2 mm. The material of the electrode layer 2 is a mixture of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and a conductive material, and the mixture of polydimethylsiloxane and a conductive material forms a flexible electrode. The present invention uses a flexible electrode to improve the fit of the electrode layer 2 to the skin, and to a certain extent reduces the noise introduced to the electrocardiogram signal by the change in the contact area between the electrode layer 2 and the skin during exercise. The present invention uses polydimethylsiloxane as the basis of the flexible electrode. Polydimethylsiloxane is non-toxic, has good biocompatibility, low Young's modulus, and does not harm human skin. It is suitable as the basic material of the electrode layer 2 in the present invention. In the present invention, the conductive material is metal particles, carbon nanotubes, graphene, or a mixture thereof. When the conductive material is metal particles, the size of the metal particles is less than 10 microns, and preferably, the size of the metal particles is less than 5 microns to prevent the metal particles from destroying the flexibility of the electrode layer 2. When the conductive material is carbon nanotubes, the carbon nanotubes should be fully dispersed, for example, ultrasonic dispersion of carbon nanotubes. When the conductive material is graphene, the graphene should be graphene fragments, and the size of the graphene fragments is less than 10 microns to prevent the agglomeration of the graphene fragments, so as to avoid a greater impact on the conductive properties of the electrode layer 2 when the electrode layer 2 is deformed. A cavity 3 is provided in the substrate layer 1, that is, the cavity 3 is coated in the substrate layer 1, the cavity 3 is disc-shaped, and the center of the cavity 3 is located below the center position of the electrode layer 2. When measuring the electrocardiogram signal, the electrode layer 2 contacts the skin to measure the electrocardiogram signal of the human body. The substrate layer 1 is used to fix the electrode layer 2 in the present invention on the skin.

[0026] The core idea of ​​the present invention is: when the electrode layer 2 is bent or compressed by force, the force of the electrode layer 2 is transmitted to the substrate layer 1, and the air in the cavity 3 is compressed at the same time, which causes the air flow in the cavity 3 on the one hand, and causes the air pressure in the cavity 3 to increase on the other hand. These slow down and resist the deformation of the electrode layer 2, so that the electrode layer 2 will not undergo sudden and drastic deformation, and therefore will not cause sudden and drastic changes in the signal in the electrocardiogram, thereby reducing the motion noise in the electrocardiogram and improving the accuracy of the electrocardiogram.

[0027] In the present invention, the substrate layer 1 can also be set to thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber or polyethylene terephthalate material, and an adhesive layer is provided on the substrate layer 1 area covered by the electrode layer 2, and the adhesive layer is used to fix to the skin.

[0028] In the present invention, other gases besides air can be set in the cavity 3, as long as they are harmless to humans. For example, carbon dioxide gas can also be set in the cavity 3. When preparing the substrate layer 1, the gas is first cooled to a liquid or a solid, and then the liquid or the solid is set in the substrate layer 1. For example, when carbon dioxide gas is set in the cavity 3, dry ice is set in the substrate layer 1 during preparation, and the dry ice becomes carbon dioxide at room temperature; when nitrogen gas is set in the cavity 3, liquid nitrogen is set in the substrate layer 1 during preparation, and the liquid nitrogen becomes nitrogen at room temperature.

[0029] Preferably, the cavity 3 includes a disc-shaped cavity 31 and an annular cavity 32, the disc-shaped cavity 31 is placed at the lower side of the center of the electrode layer 2, and the annular cavity 32 surrounds the disc-shaped cavity 31. The diameter of the disc-shaped cavity 31 is greater than 2 mm and less than 4 mm, the inner diameter of the annular cavity 32 is greater than 4 mm, and the annular cavity 32 is not connected to the disc-shaped cavity 31. The cavity 3 is decomposed into two independent parts. When the position of each cavity 3 is bent and compressed, the pressure in the cavity 3 changes more because the volume of the entire cavity 3 space becomes smaller, and the deformation can be resisted and alleviated more quickly and more, thereby improving the accuracy of the detected electrocardiogram.

[0030] In addition, when the cavity 3 includes the disc-shaped cavity 31 and the annular cavity 32, the boundary of the annular cavity 32 exceeds the boundary of the electrode layer 2, that is, the annular cavity 32 extends to the lower side of the area adhering to the human body. When the entire ECG electrode is subjected to deformation such as bending or compression, the air pressure in the annular cavity 32 increases, and the pressure generated causes the substrate layer 1 to press the skin more tightly, so that the substrate layer 1 adheres more closely to the skin.

[0031] Preferably, air or other gas is provided in the disc-shaped cavity 31 and the annular cavity 32, and the air pressure in the disc-shaped cavity 31 is greater than the air pressure in the annular cavity 32. This makes it less likely that the center of the electrode layer 2 will be bent or compressed to cause deformation. When the center of the electrode layer 2 is bent or compressed, the conductive properties of the electrode layer 2 change more greatly; a higher air pressure is set in the disc-shaped cavity 31 in the central area, and the central area of ​​the electrode layer 2 is less likely to be bent, compressed, or otherwise deformed.

[0032] Preferably, there are multiple annular cavities 32. Multiple annular cavities 32 are arranged concentrically. When there are multiple annular cavities 32, the width of the annular cavity 32 gradually increases from the inside to the outside, so that the inner area of ​​the electrode layer 2 is more difficult to deform.

[0033] In addition, in the present invention, a conductive buckle can be provided to facilitate the connection between the ECG electrode and the lead wire. The conductive buckle penetrates the substrate layer 1 and is fixedly connected to the electrode layer 2. At this time, the shape of the central disc-shaped cavity 31 changes to a ring. A conductive buckle is provided in the middle area of ​​the ring-shaped cavity.

[0034] On the other hand, the present invention provides an ECG monitoring system, which includes the ECG electrodes and lead wires for reducing motion noise, and an ECG instrument. The ECG instrument is detachably connected to the ECG electrodes through the lead wires. In addition, an insulating layer and a shielding layer are provided outside the lead wires, wherein the insulating layer is made of polyimide or polystyrene material to insulate the wire core from the external environment; and the shielding layer is made of conductive ink to shield electrical signals in the external environment.

[0035] In summary, the present invention provides an electrocardiogram electrode for reducing motion noise, comprising a substrate layer 1 and an electrode layer 2, wherein the electrode layer 2 is fixed on the substrate layer 1, the area of ​​the electrode layer 2 is smaller than the area of ​​the substrate layer 1, and a cavity 3 is provided in the substrate layer 1. The present invention utilizes the cavity 3 to slow down and resist the deformation of the electrode layer 2, so that the electrode layer 2 does not suddenly and significantly deform, and does not cause a sudden and significant change in the signal in the electrocardiogram, thereby reducing the motion noise in the electrocardiogram and improving the accuracy of the electrocardiogram, and has good application prospects in the field of electrocardiogram detection technology.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An electrocardiogram electrode for reducing motion noise, comprising a substrate layer and an electrode layer, wherein the electrode layer is fixed on the substrate layer, and the area of ​​the electrode layer is smaller than the area of ​​the substrate layer, characterized in that: A cavity is provided in the substrate layer; The cavity comprises a disc-shaped cavity and an annular cavity, the disc-shaped cavity is placed at the center of the electrode layer, and the annular cavity surrounds the disc-shaped cavity; Air is arranged in the disc-shaped cavity and the annular cavity, and the air pressure in the disc-shaped cavity is greater than the air pressure in the annular cavity.

2. The electrocardiogram electrode for reducing motion noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the substrate layer is acrylic resin.

3. The electrocardiogram electrode for reducing motion noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the electrode layer is a mixture of polydimethylsiloxane and a conductive material.

4. The electrocardiogram electrode for reducing motion noise according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conductive material is metal particles, carbon nanotubes, and graphene.

5. The electrocardiogram electrode for reducing motion noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the substrate layer is greater than 1.0 mm and less than 2 mm.

6. The electrocardiogram electrode for reducing motion noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the electrode layer is greater than 0.1 mm and less than 0.2 mm.

7. The electrocardiogram electrode for reducing motion noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the annular cavities is multiple.

8. An electrocardiogram monitoring system, characterized in that: The invention comprises the electrocardiogram electrodes and lead wires and the electrocardiogram instrument for reducing motion noise as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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