A composition comprising a pyridinecarboxamide compound and ethaboxam

Abstract

The application discloses a composition containing a pyridine amide compound and a thiophanate, which contains active ingredient compound I and thiophanate, and the weight ratio of the compound I and the thiophanate is 50:1-1:20. The composition containing the pyridine amide compound and the thiophanate provides a synergistic control effect on fungi on cereals, melons, fruit trees, legumes and vegetables.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benthiamethoxam, and more particularly to the use of said composition for the prevention or control of plant, plant parts, plant propagation material and subsequently grown plant organs from plant pathogens. Background Technology

[0002] Compound I, known by WO2016109257A1, belongs to the pyridine amide class of compounds. Compound I can protect plants or seeds from pathogenic fungi of the Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes, and Oomycetes classes.

[0003]

[0004] Repeated use of a single fungicide often leads to tolerance to that fungicide. Therefore, providing safer, better-performing compositions with lower dosages, easier application, and lower costs is an ongoing research topic. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole (synergistic composition) that has improved activity against plant pathogens with reduced total application of active compounds, thereby reducing the application rate of known active compounds and improving their activity spectrum.

[0006] Synergistic effects exist when the effect of an active compound composition exceeds the sum of the effects of each active compound when applied alone.

[0007] The present invention provides a composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benthiamethoxam, wherein the composition contains active ingredient compound I and benthiamethoxam.

[0008]

[0009] In terms of reducing application rates and improving the activity spectrum of known compounds, the composition of the present invention comprising pyridine amide compounds and benthiamethoxam has improved activity against plant pathogens (synergistic effect) at a reduced total amount of active compounds applied.

[0010] We have found that simultaneous application of Compound I and bensulfuron-methyl, either in combination or separately, or sequentially, results in better control of plant pathogens than application of each compound alone.

[0011] This invention provides a composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benthiamethoxam. By combining compound I and benthiamethoxam in a binary compound, the resulting composition has a synergistic effect in prevention and control, and expands the fungicidal spectrum, achieving multiple uses with one drug and effectively slowing down or preventing the development of drug resistance in pathogens.

[0012] Surprisingly, the bactericidal activity of the composition of the present invention comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole is significantly higher than the sum of the activities of the individual active compounds. In other words, there is an unpredictable, real synergistic effect, rather than just a supplementary increase in activity.

[0013] The synergistic effect is particularly pronounced when the active compound is present in the composition of the present invention in a specific weight ratio.

[0014] The composition of the present invention, comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole, exhibits a synergistic effect and is suitable for controlling harmful fungi. Furthermore, the composition of the present invention is particularly suitable for preventing fungal diseases on cereals, melons, fruit trees, legumes, and vegetables.

[0015] The composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benthiamethoxam of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:

[0016] A composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benthiamethoxam, containing active ingredient compound I and benthiamethoxam, wherein the weight ratio of compound I to benthiamethoxam is 50:1-1:20, preferably 25:1-1:20, more preferably 20:1-1:10, more preferably 20:1-1:5, and even more preferably 20:1-1:2.

[0017] A method for controlling plant pathogens involves applying the composition of the present invention to the pathogen and / or its environment, or to plants, plant parts, seeds, soil, areas, materials, or spaces.

[0018] A method for controlling plant pathogens, comprising applying compound I and benthiamethoxam simultaneously, separately, or sequentially.

[0019] A composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benzimidazole, comprising compound I and benzimidazole with a filler and / or a surfactant.

[0020] A composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benzimidazole can be formulated into any agriculturally permissible formulation. The formulation of the composition includes emulsifiable concentrates, aqueous suspensions, oil suspensions, suspension seed coating agents, water-dispersible granules, wettable powders, suspension emulsions, extruded granules, water-in-oil emulsions, microcapsule suspensions, dry suspensions, and ultra-low volume liquids.

[0021] The composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole is used for the prevention or control of fungal diseases on cereals, melons, fruit trees, beans, and vegetables.

[0022] The composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole is used for the prevention or control of fungal diseases on cereals, fruits, and vegetables, including downy mildew, pathogenic Phytophthora, Pythium, Rhizoctonia solani, Pseudomonas blight, Undaria pinnatifida, Pseudomonas monofilamentosa, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum, Pyrophyllus, Agrophytes maculatus, Agrophytes nigra, Agrophytes nigra, Alternaria alternata, Lysimachia foetida, and Lysimachia foetida.

[0023] The composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benthiamethoxam is used for the prevention or control of diseases such as cucumber downy mildew, grape downy mildew, tomato late blight, wheat powdery mildew, rice blast, cucumber anthracnose, wheat leaf rust, apple scab, pear scab, tomato early blight, grape gray mold, rapeseed sclerotinia rot, and soybean rust.

[0024] The composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole is used to protect plant propagation material and subsequently grown plant organs from pathogenic fungi.

[0025] The composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole is used to prevent fungal diseases in various crops such as rapeseed, tomato, Chinese cabbage, banana, cotton, vegetable varieties (e.g., cucumber, beans, tomatoes and cucurbitaceous plants), barley, straw, oats, coffee, potatoes, corn, apples, pears, rice, rye, soybeans, grapevines, wheat, ornamental plants, sugarcane, and a large number of seeds.

[0026] The composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benthiamethoxam described in this invention is used for the protection of plants, plant propagation material, and subsequently grown plant organs.

[0027] The present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benthiamethoxam for application to the desired location to control pathogenic or saprophytic harmful fungi in soil or cultivation media.

[0028] The composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole described in this invention is used for treating seeds to protect them from infection by plant pathogens.

[0029] A method for preventing or controlling the infection of cultivated plants by plant pathogens, the method comprising applying the composition of the present invention comprising a pyridine amide compound and benzimidazole to the plant pathogen and / or its environment, or to the plant, plant propagation material and subsequently grown plant organs, soil or cultivation medium, material or space.

[0030] A method for preventing or controlling the infection of cultivated plants by plant pathogens, the method comprising applying the composition of the present invention, comprising a pyridine amide compound and benzimidazole, to the plant leaves.

[0031] A method for preventing or controlling the infection of cultivated plants by plant pathogens, the method comprising applying the composition of the present invention, comprising a pyridine amide compound and benzimidazole, to plant propagation material and subsequently grown plant organs.

[0032] A method for preventing or controlling the infection of cultivated plants by plant pathogens, the method comprising applying the composition of the present invention, comprising a pyridine amide compound and benzimidazole, to soil or cultivation medium.

[0033] A method for preventing or controlling the infection of cultivated plants by plant pathogens, the method comprising applying the composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benzimidazole to the plant pathogen and / or its environment, or to the plant, plant propagation material and subsequently grown plant organs, soil or cultivation medium, material or space, before or after the cultivated plant is infected.

[0034] A method for preventing or controlling the infection of cultivated plants by plant pathogens, the method comprising applying the composition of the present invention comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole at an agronomically effective and substantially non-phytotoxic amount to the plant pathogens and / or their environment, or to the plant, plant propagation material and subsequently grown plant organs, soil or cultivation medium, material or space, by means of seed treatment, foliar application, stem application, soaking, dripping, watering, spraying, misting, dusting, dispersing or fumigation.

[0035] A composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benthiamethoxam can be used as a foliar fungicide in crop protection, as well as as a fungicide for seed treatment and as a soil fungicide.

[0036] The present invention discloses a composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benthiamethoxam. This composition, by combining compound I and benthiamethoxam in a binary compound, results in a composition with enhanced control efficacy and an expanded fungicidal spectrum, achieving multiple uses with a single drug and effectively slowing down or preventing the development of drug resistance in pathogens.

[0037] The bactericidal activity of the composition of the present invention comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole is significantly higher than the sum of the activities of the individual active compounds. In other words, there is an unpredictable, real synergistic effect, rather than just a supplementary increase in activity.

[0038] The synergistic effect is particularly pronounced when the active compound is present in the composition of the present invention in a specific weight ratio.

[0039] The compositions of this invention have a synergistic effect and are suitable for the prevention and control of harmful fungi. Furthermore, the compositions of this invention are particularly suitable for the prevention or control of fungal diseases on cereals, melons, fruit trees, legumes, and vegetables. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention provides a composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and bensulfuron-methyl, comprising active ingredient compound I and bensulfuron-methyl, wherein the weight ratio of compound I and bensulfuron-methyl is 50:1-1:20, preferably 25:1-1:20, more preferably 20:1-1:10, more preferably 20:1-1:5, and even more preferably 20:1-1:2.

[0041] A composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benzimidazole, comprising active ingredient compound I and benzimidazole, wherein the total amount of the active components in the composition is 1%-90% by weight, preferably 10%-50%, more preferably 5%-70%, and even more preferably 5%-50%.

[0042] The composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole is available in the following formulations: emulsifiable concentrate, aqueous suspension, oil suspension, seed treatment dry powder, seed treatment solution, seed treatment emulsion, suspension seed coating agent, water-dispersible granules, wettable powder, suspension emulsion, granules, water emulsion, microcapsule suspension, dry suspension, ultra-low volume liquid, electrostatic oil, and microparticles.

[0043] The composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benthiamethoxam described in this invention has excellent preventive and protective effects against a wide range of plant pathogenic fungi, such as oomycetes, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes, and deuteromycetes.

[0044] The compositions of the present invention comprising pyridine amide compounds and benthiamethoxam are suitable for the prevention of representative fungi, including, for example, the following:

[0045] The class Oomycetes includes Phytophthora diseases, such as those caused by *Phytophthora capsici*, *Phytophthora causalina*, *Phytophthora soybeani*, *Phytophthora fragariae*, *Phytophthora nicotianae*, *Phytophthora cinnamomi*, *Phytophthora citricola*, *Phytophthora citrophthora*, and *Phytophthora erythroseptica*; the order Downy mildewes, such as *Peronospora destructor*, *Peronospora cabbage*, *Peronospora grapei*, *Peronospora sunfloweri*, *Peronospora cucumberi*, *Albugo Candida*, *Peronospora ricei*, and *Peronospora lettucei*; and Pythium diseases, such as those caused by *Pythium spp.* and *Pythium spp.* Pythium arrhenomanes, Pythium irregulare, Pythium terrestris; and those caused by Pyrinthula zosterae, Peronosclerospora sorghi, and Sclerospora graminicola;

[0046] Ascomycetes, including diseases such as spot, blight, wilt, or downy mildew and / or rot, such as Phoma destructiva, Ophiobolus graminis, Leptosphaeria maculans, Hendersonia creberrima, Helminthosporium triticirepentis, Setosphaeria turcica, Drechslera glycines, Didymella bryoniae, Bipolaris cactivora, Bipolaris cactivora, Pyrenophora, and Pyrenophora. *Alternaria tritici-repentis*, *Alternaria alternifolia*, *Alternaria brassicicola*, *Alternaria solanacea*, and *Alternaria tomatophila*, etc.; Capnodiales such as *Septoria glycines*, *Septoria arachidicola*, *Cercospora arachidicola*, *Cercosporella capsellae*, *Cercosporella herpotrichoides*, *Cladosporium carpophilum*, *Cladosporium effusum*, *Passalorafulva*, and *Cladosporium scutellatus*. *Isariopsis clavispora*, *Mycosphaerella graminicola*, *Mycovellosiella koepkeii*, *Pseudocercospora vitis*, *Mycosphaerella graminicola*, *Mycovellosiella koepkeii*, *Pseudocercospora vitis*, *Mycosphaerella gracilis*, *Mycosphaerella spp.*, *Mycosphaerella spp.*, *Mycosphaerella gracilis ...The order Intercalariae includes fungi such as *Melanconium juglandinum*, *Phomopsis viticola*, *Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum*, *Tubakia dryina*, *Dicarpella spp.*, and *Valsa ceratosperma*, as well as fungi causing leaf spot (*Blumeriella jaapii*), *Candida*, *Capnodium ramosum*, *Cephaloascus spp.*, *Cephalosporium gramineum*, *Ceratocystis paradoxa*, *Chaetoceros*, *Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus*, *Cylindrosporium padi*, and *Diplocarpon*. malae), Elsinoe ampelina, black scab, grape top blight, white ground mold, Gibellina cerealis, Gloeocercospora sorghi, Gloeodes pomigena; Marssonina graminicola, snow mold leaf blight, Monographella albescens, melon black spot root rot fungus, Naemacyclus spp., new elm wilt fungus, Penicillium expansum, Pestalotia rhododendri, Petriellidium, sessile spore fungus, soybean stem brown rot fungus, Physalospora abdita, Plectosporium tobacco cystis The fungi include: tabacinum, potato skin spot fungus, alfalfa pseudodisc (Pseudopeziza medicaginis), brass sclerotium (Pyrenopeziza brassicae), sorghum spore spore (Ramulis porasorghi), barley cloud spot fungus (Rhynchosporium secalis), rice broom broom (Sacrocladium oryzae), foot actinomycetes (Scedosporium), sclerotium, and small sclerotium;Powdery mildew fungi include *Sphaerotheca fuligena* (wheat powdery mildew), *Golovinomyces cichoracearum* (polygonum powdery mildew), *Sphaerotheca gracilis* (grape powdery mildew), *Sphaerotheca fuligena* (cucumber powdery mildew), *Sphaerotheca cichoracearum* (white powdery mildew), *Sphaerotheca gracilis* (diffuse powdery mildew), and *Phyllactinia guttata* (hazel powdery mildew); molds include *Botrytis cinerea* (grape spore fungi), *Botryotinia allii* (allium spore fungi), *Botryotiniafabae* (bean spore fungi), *Fusicoccum amygdali* (almond spore fungi), *Lasiodiplodia theobromae* (longan spore fungi), *Macrophoma theicola* (tea spore fungi), *Phyllosticta* (bean spore fungi), and *Phyllosticta* (cucurbitaceous spore fungi). Anthracnose, such as Glommerelales (e.g., *Colletotrichum cucurbitacearum*); anthracnose, such as *Glommerelales* (e.g., *Colletotrichum discus*, *Colletotrichum cucurbitacearum*, *Colletotrichum peritrichum*, and *Colletotrichum graminifolium*); and wilt or blight, such as *Hymenales* (e.g., *Aperistoides stenoptera*, *Ergacotyle purpureus*, *Fusarium graminearum ...

[0047] Basidiomycetes include, for example, the order Ustilagoeales such as *Smutella oryzae*, *Smutella smutellae*, *Smutella malata*, and *Smutella maculata*; rust fungi such as *Chrysomyxa arctostaphyli*, *Coleosporium ipomoeae*, *Hemileia vastatrix*, *Pyrus pyrifolia*, *Pyrus stolonifera*, *Pyrus pyrifolia*, *Pyrus pyrifolia*, *Pyrus pyrifolia*, *Pyrus pyrifolia*, *Pyrus pyrifolia*, *Pyrus pyrifolia*, *Pyrus pyrifolia*, *Pyrus pyrifolia*, *Pyrus pyrifolia*, *Pyrus pyrifolia*, and *Pyrus pyrifolia*; and the order Rust fungi such as *Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae* and *Melampsora*. The fungi include *Phakopsorapachyrhizi*, *Phragmidium mucronatum*, *Physopella ampelosidis*, *Tranzscheliadiscolor*, and *Uromyces viciae-fabae*; as well as other rots and diseases, such as *Sphacelotheca reiliana*, *Typhulaishikariensis*, *Urocystis agropyri*, *Rhizoctonia solani*, *Entyloma dahliae*, *Neovossia moliniae*, and *Tilletia caries*.

[0048] The compositions of the present invention comprising pyridine amide compounds and benthiamethoxam are particularly effective against plant pathogenic fungi belonging to the following classes: Ascomycetes (e.g., *Aureobasidium nigricans*, *Powdery mildew*, *Erythrophagus*, *Sclerotium sclerotiorum*, *Sclerotium sclerotiorum*, *Hylocereus*); Basidiomycetes (e.g., *Rustobacter*, *Rhizoctonia*, *Laminaria*, *Phyllostachys*, *Ustilago*, *Ustilago*); Deuteromycetes (e.g., *Botrytis*, *Helicobacter*, *Rhizoctonia solani*, *Fusarium*, *Syndrome*, *Cercospora*, *Alternaria*, *Pyrophyllus*, and *Pseudocercospora*); Oomycetes (e.g., *Phytophthora*, *Peronospora*, *Pseudobospora*, *White Rust*, *Plasmodium*, *Pythium*, *Pseudocereus*, *Monocotyle*).

[0049] In this invention, there are no particular limitations on the target crops, including cereals (wheat, barley, rye, rice, sorghum, and related crops), turf, pear-type fruit trees, stone fruits, and soft fruits (apples, pears, plums, peaches, prunes, almonds, cherries, strawberries, raspberries, and blackberries, etc.), legumes (beans, lentils, peas, soybeans), oil crops (rapeseed, mustard, olives, sunflowers, coconuts, castor oil plants, cocoa beans), and more. Peanuts, gourds (pumpkin, cucumber, melon, etc.), fiber plants (cotton, flax, hemp, jute, etc.), citrus fruits (orange, lemon, grape, Chinese tangerine), vegetables (lettuce, cabbage, bok choy, carrot, onion, tomato, potato, green pepper, etc.), camphor trees (avocado, camphor, camphor, etc.), corn, tobacco, nuts, coffee, sugarcane, tea, grapevines, bananas, and plants such as natural rubber trees, as well as ornamental plants (flowering plants, shrubs, broadleaf trees, and evergreens), etc.

[0050] The composition of the present invention, comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole, is particularly effective against downy mildew, late blight, damping-off, powdery mildew, sclerotinia rot, gray mold, anthracnose, rice blast, black spot, early blight, and rust on cereals, melons, fruit trees, beans, and vegetables.

[0051] The compositions of the present invention, comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole, can be used to protect plants, plant parts, plant propagation material, and subsequently grown plant organs from plant pathogens.

[0052] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing plants, plant parts, plant propagation material and subsequently grown plant organs from plant pathogens, the method comprising applying the composition of the present invention comprising pyridine amide compounds and benthiamethoxam at an agronomically effective and substantially non-phytotoxic amount to the plant, plant parts, plant propagation material or soil or cultivation medium in which the plant is growing or needs to grow, by means of seed treatment, foliar application, stem application, soaking, dripping, watering, spraying, misting, dusting, dispersing or fumigation.

[0053] The compositions of the present invention, comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole, are capable of treating all plants and plant parts. “Plant” refers to all plants and plant populations, such as desirable and undesirable wild plants, cultivated plants, and plant varieties (whether or not protected by plant variety or plant breeder rights). Cultivated plants and plant varieties can be plants obtained through conventional propagation and cultivation methods, which may be supplemented by or complemented by one or more biotechnological methods, such as the use of double haploids, protoplast fusion, random and directed mutations, molecular or genetic markers, or the use of bioengineering and genetic engineering methods.

[0054] "Plant parts" refers to all above-ground and underground parts and organs of a plant, such as buds, leaves, flowers, and roots, including leaves, needles, stems, branches, flowers, fruiting bodies, fruits, and seeds, as well as roots, bulbs, and rhizomes. Crops, as well as materials for vegetative and sexual reproduction, such as cuttings, bulbs, rhizomes, stolons, and seeds, are also considered plant parts.

[0055] "Plant propagation material" should be understood to refer to all plant parts capable of reproduction, such as seeds, which can be used to propagate the latter, and plant materials such as cuttings or tubers (e.g., potatoes). Therefore, the plant parts used herein include plant propagation material. Examples that may be mentioned include, for instance, seeds, roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes, and plant parts. Germination should be suppressed after sprouting from the soil or after emergence, and viable plants should also be considered. Young plants may be protected by whole or partial treatment with immersion before transplanting.

[0056] "Plant parts" and "subsequently grown plant organs" are any part of a plant produced from plant propagation material such as seeds. Plant parts, plant organs, and plants can also benefit from protection against pathogen damage obtained by applying a composition containing pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole to the plant propagation material. Certain plant parts and subsequently grown plant organs can also be considered plant propagation material themselves and can be applied (or treated) with the composition; thus, plants produced from treated plant parts and treated plant organs, other plant parts, and other plant organs can also benefit from the application of the composition.

[0057] The composition of the present invention, comprising pyridine amide compounds and benthiamethoxam, can be used as a foliar treatment agent in crop protection, as well as for seed dressing and as a soil treatment agent.

[0058] Most fungal damage to crops occurs as early as seed development, during storage, after sowing, and during or after germination. This stage is particularly critical because the roots and seedlings of growing plants are especially sensitive, and even minor damage can lead to the death of the entire plant. Therefore, protecting seeds and germinating plants using appropriate compositions is of particular importance.

[0059] The composition of the present invention, comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole, can be used to protect seeds from harmful soil bacteria and to protect the roots and shoots of the resulting plants from harmful soil pathogens. Protection of the plant roots and shoots is preferred.

[0060] This invention provides a method for protecting seeds, seedling roots, and shoots from plant pathogens, comprising contacting the seeds with an effective amount of a composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benzimidazole before sowing and / or after germination. This seed treatment protects the seeds from plant pathogens and safeguards the roots and shoots of the resulting plant.

[0061] A method for preventing or controlling plant pathogens involves treating seeds intended to grow into plants with a synergistically effective amount of the composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole as described in this invention before sowing and / or after germination.

[0062] For treating plant propagation material, especially seeds, seed treatment solutions (LS), suspension emulsions (SE), flowable concentrates (FS), dry treatment powders (DS), slurry treatment water-dispersible powders (WS), water-soluble powders (SS), emulsions (ES), emulsifiable concentrates (EC), and gels (GF) are commonly used.

[0063] Application can be carried out before or during sowing. Methods of applying the composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole to plant propagating material, especially seeds, include seed dressing, coating, granulation, powdering, soaking, and furrow application. Preferably, it is applied to the plant propagating material by methods that do not induce germination, such as seed dressing, granulation, coating, and powdering.

[0064] The compositions of the present invention, comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole, can be applied to seeds in any physiological state. Preferably, the seeds are in a sufficiently durable state to withstand treatment without damage. Generally, the seeds can be harvested from the field, removed from the plant, or separated from any rachis, stem, outer skin, and surrounding pulp or other non-seed plant material. The seeds are also preferably biologically stable to the extent that treatment does not cause biological damage. Treatment can be applied to the seeds between seed harvesting and sowing or at any time during the sowing process. The seeds can also be pre-germinated before or after treatment. Seeds treated with the compositions of the present invention, comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole, can be stored, managed, sown, and cultivated.

[0065] Preferably, the treatment occurs before seed sowing, so that the seeds have been pretreated with the combination. In particular, seed coating or seed granulation is preferred in the treatment of the combinations of the present invention. After treatment, the components of each combination adhere to the seeds and are therefore useful for disease control.

[0066] Seeds treated with the composition of the present invention, comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole, provide protection against pathogens not only for the seeds themselves but also for the plants that emerge from them after germination. Therefore, it is unnecessary to treat the plants directly at sowing time or shortly thereafter.

[0067] The seeds mentioned are selected from potato, sunflower, coffee, tobacco, canola, rapeseed, sugar beet, tomato, cucumber, green bean, Brassica, onion, soybean, wheat, barley, rye, oat, sorghum, peanut, sugarcane, rice, cabbage, cowpea, carrot, cotton, and corn seeds. Particularly important are the seeds of wheat, barley, rye, oat, corn, cotton, canola, rapeseed, and rice.

[0068] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling harmful soil bacteria, wherein the composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole described in the present invention is applied to the soil before, after, or before and after seed germination and / or directly applied to the soil in contact with plant roots or soil suitable for plant growth.

[0069] Under normal circumstances, soil-borne pathogens can produce a large number of cells. Given favorable conditions for their growth and development, and if the host is susceptible, the pathogens can multiply rapidly and infect the host. In the presence of a susceptible host, these pathogens can enter a sustained pathogenic phase, multiplying and spreading rapidly with continuous cropping. However, when nutrients are depleted or soil conditions such as temperature and humidity become unfavorable, the pathogens can enter a dormant phase. Even in the absence of a susceptible host, soil-borne pathogens can survive in the soil. Besides having a wide host range, they can also survive on the root surface of non-host plants or on fallen leaves and branches, which is inseparable from their saprophytic competitive ability. However, different pathogens differ; for example, Fusarium can survive in the soil almost indefinitely.

[0070] The cultivation medium described in this invention refers to a support structure that enables crops to take root and grow, such as soil and water. Specific raw materials can include, for example, sand, pumice, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, agar, gel-like substances, polymers, asbestos, sawdust, and bark. Soil is the preferred cultivation medium.

[0071] Methods of applying pesticides to the soil include diluting liquid pesticides in water or applying them directly to the roots of plants or seedbeds without dilution. Methods of dispersing granules to the roots of plants or seedbeds include spraying powders or water-dispersible granules into the soil and mixing them with the soil before sowing, or diluting powders or water-dispersible granules and spraying them into planting holes or furrows before sowing or planting the plants.

[0072] Soil application methods are considered as different techniques for applying pesticide compounds directly or indirectly to the soil and / or ground, such as drip application or drip irrigation (to the soil) or other methods such as soil injection or soil saturation. Other known soil application methods include furrow application and T-strip application.

[0073] Compound I of the present invention can be used in combination with benzimidazole, including applying compound I and benzimidazole separately, sequentially, or simultaneously. Preferably, the combination of compound I and benzimidazole is in the form of a composition comprising compound I and benzimidazole.

[0074] The composition of the present invention, comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole, can be primarily in the form of a formulation, i.e., the substances in the composition are already mixed. Alternatively, the components of the composition can be provided as single-dose preparations, mixed in a tank or container before use, and then diluted to the desired concentration. Preferably, the formulation provided by the present invention is the primary form.

[0075] As a further improvement of the present invention, the composition of the present invention comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole can be formulated into any agriculturally permissible formulation.

[0076] As a further improvement of the present invention, the formulations of the compositions comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole of the present invention are emulsifiable concentrates, aqueous suspensions, seed treatment dry powders, seed treatment solutions, seed treatment emulsions, suspension seed coating agents, water-dispersible granules, wettable powders, suspension emulsions, water-in-oil emulsions, microcapsule suspensions, oil-based suspensions, dry suspensions, ultra-low volume liquids, electrostatic oils, granules, and microparticles.

[0077] The composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole according to the present invention includes compound I and benzimidazole, fillers and / or surfactants.

[0078] According to the present invention, the term "filler" refers to a natural or synthetic organic or inorganic compound that can be combined or combined with an active compound to make it easier to apply to an object (e.g., a plant, crop, or grass). Therefore, the filler is preferably inert and should at least be agriculturally acceptable. The filler can be solid or liquid.

[0079] The inactive medium that can be used in this invention can be either solid or liquid. For example, solid medium materials include: talc, titanium dioxide, pyrophyllite clay, silica, attapulgite clay, diatomaceous earth, limestone, calcium carbonate, bentonite, calcium montmorillonite, cottonseed hulls, wheat flour, soybean flour, pumice, wood flour, ground walnut shells, lignin, and similar substances.

[0080] The following materials can be selected as liquid mediators: water, petroleum ether, vegetable oil, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, amyl acetate, 2-butanone, butylene carbonate, cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, alkyl acetate, diacetone alcohol, diethanolamine, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, dipropylene glycol, alkylpyrrolidone, ethyl acetate, 2-ethylhexanol, ethylene carbonate, 2-heptanone, ethyl lactate, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether, γ-butyrolactone, glycerol, glyceryl acetate, glyceryl diacetate, glyceryl triacetate, and hexadecyl acetate. Alkane, hexanediol, isopentyl acetate, isobornyl acetate, isooctane, isophorone, isopropyl myristate, lactic acid, laurylamine, isopropyl acetone, methoxypropanol, methyl isopentyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl laurate, methyl octanoate, methyl oleate, n-hexane, n-octylamine, octadecanoic acid, octylamine acetate, oleic acid, oleyleneamine, polyethylene glycol, propionic acid, propyl lactate, propylene carbonate, propylene glycol, propylene glycol methyl ether, triethyl phosphate, triethylene glycol, paraffin, mineral oil, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, ethanol, isopropanol, and alcohols with higher molecular weights, such as pentanol, tetrahydrofuranol, hexanol, octanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, etc.

[0081] To emulsify, disperse, and / or wet the active ingredient compound, surfactants can be used, such as fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ethers, polyoxyethylene higher fatty acid esters, phosphate esters of polyoxyethylene alcohols or phenols, fatty acid esters of polyols, alkyl aryl sulfonic acids, naphthalene sulfonic acid polymers, lignin sulfonates, high molecular weight comb-shaped branched copolymers, butyl naphthalene sulfonates, alkyl aryl sulfonates, sodium alkyl sulfosuccinate, oils, fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide condensates, polyacrylates such as alkyl taurates, and protein hydrolysates. Suitable oligosaccharides or polymers, such as those based on a single ethylene monomer, acrylic acid, polyoxyethylene and / or polyoxypropylene, or their combination with, for example, (poly)ols or (poly)amines.

[0082] To facilitate the dispersion, stabilization, adhesion, and / or binding of the active ingredient compounds, adjuvants such as xanthan gum, magnesium aluminum silicate, gelatin, starch, cellulose methyl ether, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, and natural and synthetic phospholipids, as well as bentonite, sodium lignosulfonate, etc., may be used.

[0083] Antifreeze agents can include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, and sorbitol. Antiflocculation agents for suspending products can be auxiliary agents such as naphthalene sulfonic acid polymers and polyphosphates.

[0084] Organosilicon defoamers can be used as defoamers.

[0085] Colorants that can be used include inorganic pigments such as iron oxide, titanium dioxide, and Prussian blue; organic pigments / dyes such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes, and metallic phthalocyanine dyes; and trace elements such as iron salts, manganese salts, boron salts, copper salts, cobalt salts, molybdenum salts, and zinc salts.

[0086] Optionally, it may also contain other additional components, such as protective colloids, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic agents, penetrants, stabilizers, and masking agents.

[0087] The formulations of the present invention can be prepared by mixing the active compound with conventional additives in a known manner. These conventional additives include conventional fillers, solvents or diluents, emulsifiers, dispersants, and / or binders or fixatives, wetting agents, waterproofing agents, and, if desired, driers, colorants, stabilizers, pigments, defoamers, preservatives, thickeners, water, and other processing aids.

[0088] These compositions include not only those that can be applied immediately to the object to be treated using suitable equipment such as spraying or dusting equipment, but also concentrated commercial compositions that need to be diluted before application to the object.

[0089] The compound I and benthiamethoxam of the present invention can also be applied in combination with other active ingredients, for example, to broaden the activity spectrum or prevent the formation of resistance. These other active ingredients include, for example, fungicides, bactericides, attractants, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, growth regulators, herbicides, safeners, fertilizers, or chemical pheromones.

[0090] Biological test cases

[0091] Synergistic effects exist when the effect of a combination of active compounds exceeds the sum of the effects of each active compound when applied alone. The expected effect of a specific combination of two active compounds can be calculated using the so-called "Colby formula" (see SR Colby, "Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses of Herbicide Combinations", Weeds 1967, 15, 20-22) as follows: If

[0092] X represents the activity when active compound A is used at a dosage of mg / ha or a concentration of mppm;

[0093] Y is the activity when active compound B is used at a dosage of ng / ha or a concentration of nppm, expressed as a percentage of the untreated control;

[0094] E represents the activity when active compounds A and B are used at dosages of m and ng / ha or concentrations of m and n ppm.

[0095] So

[0096]

[0097] If the actual observed activity (O) is greater than the expected activity (E), then the composition has a synergistic effect.

[0098] The following biological test examples are used to illustrate the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0099] Experiment 1: Rice blast fungus (rice)

[0100] The technical grade of compound I and benzimidazole were dissolved in acetone to prepare stock solutions for single agents, which were then diluted to the required concentration with an aqueous solution containing 0.1% Tween-80.

[0101] The rice blast fungus strain preserved on test tube slant PDA was activated and inoculated onto oat medium. At 25°C... o After culturing at C for 10 days until the mycelium fully colonizes the culture medium, the aerial mycelium is washed away with sterile water, and the medium is then continuously irradiated under a 30W fluorescent lamp for 3 days to induce conidia production. The conidia are washed off with distilled water and 0.02% Tween-80 is added to prepare a spore suspension for spray inoculation; the concentration of the spore suspension is 1×10⁻⁶. 5 spores / mL.

[0102] The test crop was a rice variety susceptible to rice blast. After germination, 20 seeds were sown in each pot, and 10 rice seedlings with uniform growth at the 3-leaf-1-heart stage were selected for later use.

[0103] Rice seedlings were treated with pesticide spraying according to the experimental protocol. Inoculation occurred 24 hours after pesticide treatment. Both pesticide-treated and untreated rice seedlings were simultaneously inoculated with a suspension of rice blast spores. The pesticide application rate and spore suspension inoculation rate for each treatment were 100 mL. Each treatment consisted of one pot, with four replicates. A blank control was included, containing no pesticide (but containing organic solvents and emulsifiers).

[0104] After inoculation, the seedlings were transferred to a humidity-controlled box (relative humidity above 95%, maintaining condensation on the leaves, temperature 25°C). O C-26 O C) Incubate in the dark under moist conditions for 24 hours. Then at 25°C... 0 C-26 oCultured for 7 days under alternating light and dark conditions (light intensity 20000 Lux) and relative humidity of 85%-90% for 12 hours. When the diseased leaf rate in the blank control reaches 50% or more, the disease status of the entire plant's leaves is investigated by grading. The grading method is as follows:

[0105] Grade 0: The entire plant is disease-free;

[0106] Grade 1: Brown spots appear;

[0107] Grade 3: Typical spindle-shaped lesions appear, with the lesion area accounting for less than 5% of the total leaf area;

[0108] Grade 5: Typical lesions, covering 6%-25% of the total leaf area;

[0109] Grade 7: Typical lesions, covering 26%-50% of the total leaf area;

[0110] Grade 9: Typical lesions, with the lesion area accounting for more than 50% of the total leaf area.

[0111] Calculate the disease index and prevention efficacy using the following formulas.

[0112]

[0113] Table 1. Control efficacy of the compositions of the present invention against rice blast fungus.

[0114]

[0115] Table 1 clearly shows that the actual control efficacy of the composition of the present invention containing pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole against rice blast fungus is higher than that calculated by the Colby formula, i.e., there is a synergistic effect.

[0116] Experiment 2: Grape downy mildew

[0117] The technical grade of compound I and benzimidazole were dissolved in acetone to prepare stock solutions for single agents, which were then diluted to the required concentration with an aqueous solution containing 0.1% Tween-80.

[0118] The fungicidal activity of the agent against grape downy mildew was determined using a live pot method. The grape variety was Kyoho, planted in terracotta pots. The grape seedlings were ready for use when they had 4-5 leaves.

[0119] Take fresh diseased leaves and use less than 10 o The sporangia of downy mildew on the underside of diseased leaves were washed with deionized water of C, filtered through a single layer of gauze, and prepared as a sporangia suspension (2×10⁻⁶). 5 3×10 5 (units / mL).

[0120] The potted seedlings were sprayed evenly with the foliage. The leaves to be inoculated were sprayed with each treatment agent until moist, and then allowed to air dry in a well-ventilated area. 24 hours later, the spore suspension was evenly sprayed onto the underside of the grape seedling leaves. Each treatment was administered in one pot, with four replicates, one grape seedling per pot. A control group without the treatment agent (containing organic solvents and emulsifiers) was included. After inoculation, the grape seedlings were moved to a greenhouse to induce disease. Seven days after inoculation, the seedlings were sprayed again at 22°C. O Leaves were placed in a humidified room (C) for 24 hours to allow conidia to form. The affected area of ​​each leaf with conidia was then observed. Based on the disease incidence in the blank control, the inoculated leaves were graded. The grading method was as follows:

[0121] Disease severity is determined by the proportion of leaf area covered by lesions.

[0122] Grade 0: No lesions or spots;

[0123] Grade 1: The area of ​​lesions accounts for less than 5% of the total leaf area;

[0124] Grade 3: Lesions cover 6%-10% of the total leaf area;

[0125] Level 5: Lesions cover 11%-25% of the total leaf area.

[0126] Level 7: Lesions cover 26%-50% of the total leaf area;

[0127] Level 9: The lesion area accounts for more than 50% of the total leaf area.

[0128] Calculate the disease index and prevention efficacy using the following formulas.

[0129]

[0130] Table 2. Efficacy of the compositions of the present invention against grape downy mildew.

[0131]

[0132] Table 2 clearly shows that the composition of the present invention containing pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole has a higher actual control efficacy against grape downy mildew than the control efficacy calculated by the Colby formula, i.e., there is a synergistic effect.

Claims

1. A composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benthiamethoxam, characterized in that, The active ingredient is compound I: ； It is composed of compound I and benzalkonium chloride, wherein the weight ratio of compound I to benzalkonium chloride is 50:1 to 1:

20.

2. The composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benthiamethoxam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of compound I to benzthiamethoxam is 25:1 to 1:

20.

3. The composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benthiamethoxam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of compound I to benzthiabendazole is 20:1 to 1:

10.

4. The composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benthiamethoxam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of compound I to benzylamine is 20:1 to 1:

5.

5. The composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benthiamethoxam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of compound I to benzthiabendazole is 20:1 to 1:

2.

6. The composition comprising a pyridine amide compound and benthiamethoxam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bactericidal composition further comprises fillers and / or surfactants.

7. The use of the composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole as described in claim 1 for the prevention or control of fungal diseases on cereals, melons, fruit trees, beans, and vegetables, wherein the fungal diseases are rice blast fungus and downy mildew fungus.

8. The composition comprising pyridine amide compounds and benzimidazole as described in claim 1 is used for the prevention or control of grape downy mildew and rice blast.

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