Towing arrangement and towing vehicle

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of traction transportation, and specifically discloses a towing device and a tractor, which comprises a towing bolt, a towing pin arranged above the towing bolt, and a mounting plate for mounting the towing bolt and the towing pin. The mounting plate is used for connecting with the tractor. A mounting hole is arranged on the towing bolt in a transverse direction for inserting a towing rod of a trailer. A first insertion hole is arranged on the upper end of the towing bolt for plug-in cooperation with the towing pin. The first insertion hole is in communication with the mounting hole. The towing bolt is connected to the mounting plate in a vertical sliding manner. A lifting mechanism is arranged on the mounting plate for driving the towing bolt to lift. The present application can solve the problem that the towing bolt is fixedly arranged and the towing rod cannot be lifted enough, and the tractor cannot be directly applied to the civil aviation standard trailer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of traction transportation, and specifically relates to trailers and tractor vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] A tractor unit and a trailer are connected via a towing device, allowing the tractor unit, which has driving capabilities, to tow the trailer, which itself lacks driving capabilities, for transportation. In existing technology, the trailer is equipped with a drawbar, and the towing device is mounted on the tractor unit. Pulling the drawbar to the towing device and connecting it to the drawbar via the towing device enables the connection between the trailer and the tractor unit. Specifically, for example... Figure 1 As shown, a towing device generally includes a towing pin 4 vertically slidably connected to the tractor and a towing bolt 3 fixed to the tractor. The towing bolt 3 has a horizontal mounting hole 6 for inserting a towing rod 5. Both the towing bolt 3 and the end of the towing rod 5 have insertion holes for inserting the towing pin 4. The end of the towing rod 5 is inserted into the mounting hole 6, and then the towing pin 4 is slid vertically, allowing it to pass through the insertion holes on the towing bolt 3 and the towing rod 5 in sequence, thus connecting with the towing rod 5 and enabling it to pull the towing rod 5 together. During transport, the towing rod 5 can rotate relative to the towing pin 4, and thus, when the tractor turns, the trailer can also sway adaptively relative to the tractor.

[0003] With technological advancements, the towing process (i.e., pulling the tow bar 5 to the tow bolt 3 and inserting its end into the mounting hole 6, then inserting the tow pin 4 into the tow bolt 3 and the tow bar 5) has gradually become autonomous towing, replacing manual towing. Specifically, the autonomous towing process is as follows: Using an electric device, the tow pin 4 is lifted, raising the trailer's tow bar 5 to the height corresponding to the tow bolt 3. Then, the tractor unit reverses to the tow bar 5, and by moving the tractor unit to change its position, the tow bar 5 is aligned with and inserted into the mounting hole 6. Finally, the electric device lowers the tow pin 4, completing the coupling.

[0004] In the above process, since the towing bolt 3 is fixed and its height needs to meet the vehicle's departure angle requirements, the towing bolt 3 is usually quite high off the ground. Therefore, when the trailer's towing bar 5 is pre-raised to the height corresponding to the towing bolt 3, it is necessary to use relevant lifting equipment to raise the towing bar 5 to a considerable height, which is costly. Furthermore, the installation and disassembly of the lifting equipment are cumbersome. In practical applications, the design of the towing bar 5 on some trailers at civil aviation airports cannot meet the high lifting height requirements. Additionally, the electric equipment drives the towing pin 4 to slide vertically, and the towing pin 4 needs to slide upwards to disengage from the towing bolt 3. This necessitates reserving vertical movement space for the towing pin 4 and installation space for the electric equipment, resulting in a relatively high overall equipment height, exceeding the vehicle standard requirements for some towing vehicles. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a towing device and a towing vehicle to solve the problem that the fixed setting of the towing pin requires the towing bar to be lifted to a high height, resulting in high cost, and the design of the towing bar of some towing vehicle equipment in civil aviation airports cannot meet the requirement of high lifting height in actual application.

[0006] According to the embodiments of the present application, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0007] The towing device comprises a towing pin, a towing pin arranged above the towing pin, and a mounting plate for mounting the towing pin and the towing pin, the mounting plate is used to connect with the towing vehicle, a horizontal mounting hole is arranged on the towing pin for inserting the towing bar of the towing vehicle, a first insertion hole is arranged at the upper end of the towing pin for inserting and cooperating with the towing pin, the first insertion hole is communicated with the mounting hole, the towing pin is vertically slidably connected to the mounting plate, and a lifting mechanism is arranged on the mounting plate for driving the towing pin to lift and lower.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0009] In the present scheme, the towing pin is driven by the lifting mechanism to make vertical lifting movement to realize the disengagement or insertion of the towing pin and the towing pin, compared with the fixed towing pin in the prior art, the towing pin in the present scheme can be lowered to a lower position, even as close to the ground as possible, and the end of the towing bar of the towing vehicle only needs to be lifted to a lower height to complete the hitching with the height of the towing pin, and the towing bar is lifted to a lower height, which can be easily realized without the need for special lifting equipment, thereby reducing the cost and meeting the autonomous towing requirement when the towing bar of some towing vehicle equipment in civil aviation airports can only be lifted to a lower distance from the ground, facilitating the hitching of the towing vehicle and the towing vehicle. During driving, the towing pin can also be lifted to a height conforming to the specifications of the towing vehicle.

[0010] In addition, the lifting of the towing pin replaces the lifting of the towing pin in the prior art, and the lifting space of the towing pin is located below the towing pin, which does not affect the height of the overall towing device. Under the premise of meeting the height of the overall towing device, the autonomous towing requirement when the towing bar is lifted to a lower distance from the ground is met.

[0011] Further, a reinforcing plate is arranged below the towing pin, a first insertion hole is arranged on the lower end of the towing pin and the reinforcing plate, and the first insertion holes on the upper end of the towing pin, the lower end of the towing pin and the reinforcing plate are vertically coincident; the reinforcing plate is connected with the lower end of the towing pin, and when the towing pin is lifted to the highest point under the action of the lifting mechanism, the lower end of the towing pin is inserted into the first insertion hole of the reinforcing plate, and the reinforcing plate is connected with the mounting plate.

[0012] Beneficial effect: strengthen the connection between the plate and the mounting plate, when the towing pin is inserted into the first hole on the reinforcing plate, the towing pin is subjected to the pulling force of the trailer drawbar during the driving of the towing vehicle, which can be transmitted to the mounting plate through the reinforcing plate, and then to the towing vehicle, so that the force can be shared by the towing vehicle, thereby reducing the force acting on the towing pin, and thereby avoiding the problem of damage caused by the large force acting on the movably arranged towing pin.

[0013] Further, the first horizontal plate and the second horizontal plate are fixed on the mounting plate, the first horizontal plate and the second horizontal plate are vertically distributed, and the mounting space for inserting the drawbar of the trailer is formed between the first horizontal plate and the second horizontal plate; the second hole for inserting the towing pin is formed on the first horizontal plate and the second horizontal plate, and the first locking member for locking the towing pin is mounted on the first horizontal plate.

[0014] Beneficial effect: the present scheme gives a manual towing mode, that is, manually sliding the towing pin upward to remove it, then inserting the drawbar between the first horizontal plate and the second horizontal plate, and then reinserting the towing pin into the second hole on the first horizontal plate and the second horizontal plate, and locking the towing pin through the first locking member, thereby realizing manual towing, without the need for towing pins, lifting mechanisms, etc. In the premise that the towing device can realize autonomous towing, the manual towing mode is retained for emergency needs.

[0015] Further, the detection assembly for detecting the docking state of the drawbar and the mounting hole is installed in the mounting hole.

[0016] Beneficial effect: when the drawbar and the mounting hole are docked, the worker needs to drive the towing vehicle in reverse or move the towing vehicle back and forth to align the mounting hole with the drawbar, and through the setting of the detection assembly, when the drawbar is inserted into the mounting hole, the drawbar and the mounting hole are docked, and the worker can stop moving the towing vehicle and start connecting the towing pin and the towing pin.

[0017] Further, the detection assembly includes a limit switch slidingly connected in the mounting hole along the axial direction of the mounting hole and a driving member for driving the limit switch to slide.

[0018] Beneficial effect: the limit switch detects the docking state of the drawbar and the mounting hole, and when the drawbar and the limit switch abut, the limit switch is triggered, thereby reminding the worker to stop moving the towing vehicle.

[0019] And because the position of the traction bolt is low when docking, the free end of the traction rod is inclined downward at this time, and the traction rod will further insert into the mounting hole along the axial direction of the mounting hole in the process of moving upward with the traction bolt, in order to avoid the traction rod pressing the limit switch and causing damage to the limit switch, the limit switch is designed to be slidable in the mounting hole, that is, after triggering the limit switch, the limit switch slides away from the traction rod, reducing the collision between the traction rod and the limit switch.

[0020] Further, the detection assembly further comprises a sliding block slidably connected in the mounting hole and a limiting plate, the limit switch is installed on the sliding block, a first elastic member is installed between the limiting plate and the sliding block, one side of the limiting plate faces the limit switch and is used to trigger the limit switch, and the other side of the limiting plate faces the opening of the mounting hole and is used to contact the traction rod of the trailer.

[0021] Beneficial effect: after the traction rod is inserted into the mounting hole, it first contacts the limiting plate and pushes the limiting plate to slide, the first elastic member is compressed, and the limiting plate is close to the limit switch and triggers the limit switch. In the present scheme, the limit switch is isolated from the traction rod by the limiting plate, and the first elastic member is provided, so that there is a certain gap between the limit switch and the limiting plate in the non-triggering state, further protecting the limit switch and avoiding damage to the limit switch caused by collision.

[0022] Further, the driving member comprises a push rod for pushing the sliding block to slide, one end of the push rod is hinged to the sliding block, the other end of the push rod is hinged to a push block, the push block is vertically slidably arranged, and the lifting mechanism is also used to drive the push block to vertically lift.

[0023] Beneficial effect: the push block vertically slides to cause the push rod to deflect, forming a connecting rod mechanism to drive the sliding block to transversely slide. Specifically, the push block drives one end of the push rod to move downward, and the other end of the push rod pushes the sliding block to move toward the traction rod, correspondingly, the push block drives one end of the push rod to move upward, and the other end of the push rod drives the sliding block to move away from the traction rod.

[0024] The lifting mechanism drives the push block to vertically move while driving the traction bolt to vertically lift, and the structure is simple and synchronous operation is realized.

[0025] Further, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting block fixed to the upper end of the traction bolt and a lifting rod connected to the lifting block, the lifting rod is vertically slidably connected to the mounting plate; a vertical strip-shaped slot is formed in the lifting block, the lower end of the lifting rod is slidably connected in the strip-shaped slot, and the lifting rod is fixedly connected with the push block; a sliding groove is formed in the mounting plate for the traction bolt to slide, and the bottom of the sliding groove is closed.

[0026] Beneficial effects: through the closed setting of the chute bottom, when the towing bolt slides to the bottom of the chute, the towing bolt cannot continue to slide down, at this time the lifting rod continues to slide down, that is, the lifting rod slides down in the bar-shaped groove relative to the lifting block, thereby driving the push block to move vertically, according to different models of trailers, the initial position of the towing rod inserted into the mounting hole is different, that is, the height of the lifting block sliding in the bar-shaped groove can be controlled to control the movement distance of the sliding block driving the limit switch in the mounting hole.

[0027] After the docking is completed, the lifting rod slides upward to reset, first slides upward relative to the lifting block, when the lower end of the lifting rod slides upward to the top of the bar-shaped groove, the lifting rod continues to slide upward, that is, the lifting rod slides upward synchronously to reset.

[0028] Further, the towing bolt comprises an upper guide plate, a lower guide plate, and a side guide plate connected between the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate, the side guide plate is provided with two, and the upper guide plate, the lower guide plate, and the two side guide plates surround to form a mounting hole; the mounting hole comprises a mounting portion and a guide portion, the guide portion is in the shape of a prism, and one end of the guide portion away from the mounting portion is an expanded end.

[0029] Beneficial effects: by setting the expanded end of the guide portion towards the towing rod, the towing rod can be guided by the guide portion when inserted into the mounting hole, which is more convenient for inserting the towing rod into the mounting hole.

[0030] Further, the side guide plate comprises a fixed portion and a movable portion, the fixed portion is fixed between the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate, the movable portion is hinged to the fixed portion, and a second locking piece for locking the movable portion is further installed on the fixed portion.

[0031] Beneficial effects: during the docking process of the towing rod and the towing bolt, the movable portion is locked by the second locking piece, so that the side guide plate can provide a guiding effect for the insertion of the towing rod into the mounting hole. After the towing is completed, the locking of the movable portion by the second locking piece is released, and the movable portion can deflect relative to the fixed portion. Therefore, during the steering process of the towing vehicle, when the towing rod deflects to the side of the towing bolt, the movable portion can deflect accordingly without hindering the movement of the towing rod.

[0032] Further, an articulated rod is fixed to the end of the movable portion, the articulated rod is rotationally connected to the fixed portion, the second locking piece comprises a limiting rod for clamping and limiting the articulated rod, and the limiting rod is transversely and slidingly connected to the fixed portion; the articulated rod or the movable portion is provided with a limiting portion for clamping the limiting rod.

[0033] Beneficial effects: by sliding the limiting rod, when the limiting rod is clamped into the limiting portion, the deflection of the movable portion is limited, and when the limiting rod is separated from the limiting portion, the deflection of the movable portion is not hindered, thereby achieving the locking or releasing of the movable portion.

[0034] Further, a second elastic member is fixed between the limiting rod and the fixed part, a limiting block is fixed on the limiting rod, and a clamping groove for clamping the limiting block is arranged on the sliding block.

[0035] Beneficial effects: when the traction bolt is lowered to the required height, the sliding block drives the limiting switch to slide in the mounting hole, at this time, the clamping groove on the sliding block releases the limiting of the limiting block, the limiting rod slides out on the fixed part under the elastic restoring force of the second elastic member, and clamps the movable part or the articulated rod. When the traction rod and the traction bolt are docked, the sliding block drives the limiting switch to move away from the traction rod, and when the clamping groove on the sliding block clamps the limiting block, the limiting block is also driven to slide, so that the limiting rod releases the locking of the movable part or the articulated rod, and the second elastic member is compressed.

[0036] In the scheme, the sliding block drives the limiting switch to slide at the same time, and the limiting of the limiting rod is released or loosened, so that the limiting rod can synchronously lock or release the articulated rod, the structure is simple, and synchronous operation can be realized.

[0037] Further, a torsional spring is installed between the articulated rod and the fixed part.

[0038] Beneficial effects: during the steering process of the towing vehicle, the movable part is driven by the force of the traction rod, rotates relative to the fixed part, and drives the torsional spring to move and store energy. After the trailer is also steered, the force of the traction rod on the movable part disappears, and the torsional spring drives the articulated rod to rotate and reset, that is, drives the movable part to rotate and reset.

[0039] According to the embodiments of the present application, the following technical solutions are also adopted:

[0040] The towing vehicle comprises a towing device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the towing device in the background art of the present application.

[0042] Figure 2 It is a whole structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0043] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the towing device. Figure 2

[0044] Figure 4 It is a side view of the traction bolt lifting state of the towing device.

[0045] Figure 5 It is a side view of the traction bolt lowering state of the towing device.

[0046] Figure 6 It is a state schematic diagram of manual towing in embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0047] ​Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the state of the towing hitch in the manual towing of the present embodiment 2.

[0048] Figure 8 is a front view of the towing pin in the locked state of the present embodiment 2.

[0049] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the towing pin in the highest point state of the present embodiment 3.

[0050] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the towing pin in the lowest point state of the present embodiment 3.

[0051] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the limit switch of the present embodiment 4.

[0052] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the pushed-out state of the limit switch of the present embodiment 4.

[0053] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the triggered state of the limit switch of the present embodiment 4.

[0054] Figure 14 is a top view of the movable part of the side guide plate of the towing pin in the locked state of the present embodiment 5.

[0055] Figure 15 is a top view of the movable part of the side guide plate of the towing pin in the deflected state of the present embodiment 5. Figure 14 is an enlarged view of part a of the present embodiment.

[0056] Figure 16 is a top view of the movable part of the side guide plate of the towing pin in the deflected state of the present embodiment 5.

[0057] Figure 17 is an enlarged view of part b of the present embodiment. Figure 16

[0058] In the figure: 1, towing vehicle; 2, towing device; 3, towing pin; 4, towing pin; 5, towing rod; 6, mounting hole; 7, mounting plate; 8, mounting part; 9, guide part; 10, circular ring; 11, first cross plate; 12, second cross plate; 13, lifting block; 14, strip-shaped slot; 15, lifting rod; 16, latch; 17, electromagnet; 18, through hole; 19, push rod; 20, push block; 21, sliding block; 22, first spring; 23, limiting plate; 24, limit switch; 25, reinforcing plate; 26, connecting pin; 27, connecting rod; 28, first insertion hole; 29, connecting hole; 30, movable part; 31, fixed part; 32, side guide plate; 33, lower guide plate; 34, limiting rod; 35, clamping slot; 36, clamping block; 37, limiting block; 38, second spring; 39, hinged rod; 40, protruding block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION ​

[0059] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0060] Embodiment 1

[0061] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 , the towing vehicle includes a vehicle body and a towing device 2 mounted on the vehicle body, the towing device 2 includes a mounting plate 7 connected to the vehicle body, and the mounting plate 7 and the vehicle body can be integrally formed or welded or fixed in other prior art manner.

[0062] The towing device 2 further includes a towing pin 3 and a towing pin 4 arranged above the towing pin 3, both of which are mounted on the mounting plate 7. Specifically, as shown in Figure 4 , the towing pin 3 is vertically slidingly connected to the mounting plate 7, and the mounting plate 7 is provided with a lifting mechanism for driving the towing pin 3 to lift, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting rod 15 fixed to the upper end of the towing pin 3 and a cylinder fixed to the mounting plate 7, and the output shaft of the cylinder is fixed to the lifting rod 15. The upper end of the towing pin 3 is fixed with a sliding rod, and the mounting plate 7 is provided with a sliding groove for the upper end of the sliding rod to slide, and the lower end of the sliding groove is closed. When the lower end or the upper end of the towing pin 3 moves to a position whose height is lower than that of the lower end of the mounting plate 7, the towing pin 3 can still be connected to the mounting plate 7 through the sliding rod, so the lower end of the mounting plate 7 can be set to a certain height without considering the distance of the towing pin 3 sliding downward, so as to avoid the distance of the lower end of the mounting plate 7 from the ground affecting the requirement of the vehicle departure angle of the towing vehicle 1, and through the closed setting of the lower end of the sliding groove, when the sliding rod slides to the bottom of the sliding groove, it is the lowest height that the towing pin 3 can be lowered to. In this embodiment, the towing pin 4 is fixed to the mounting plate 7, specifically, the mounting plate 7 is fixed with a first horizontal plate 11, and the towing pin 4 is fixed to the first horizontal plate 11.

[0063] The towing pin 3 is provided with a horizontal mounting hole 6 for the towing bar 5 of the trailer to be inserted, and the upper end of the towing pin 3 is provided with a first insertion hole 28 for insertion and cooperation with the towing pin 4, and the first insertion hole 28 is in communication with the mounting hole 6.

[0064] In specific use, the lifting rod 15 is driven to slide downward by the cylinder, and the lifting rod 15 drives the towing pin 3 to slide downward, and the towing pin 3 is lowered to the lowest height that it can be lowered to, i.e. the sliding rod moves to the bottom of the sliding groove, as shown in Figure 5 . Then the free end of the towing bar 5 of the trailer is lifted to a corresponding height, i.e. the same height as the mounting hole 6 of the towing pin 3, and the towing bar 5 is supported by objects such as stones, wood blocks, etc. Since the towing bar 5 only needs to be lifted to a relatively low height, it is easy to find the corresponding stones, wood blocks and other objects to support.

[0065] The worker drives the tractor 1 to move backward, so that the towing bolt 3 moves toward the towing rod 5, the worker drives the tractor 1 to move back and forth, so that the mounting hole 6 of the towing bolt 3 is aligned with the towing rod 5, and the end of the towing rod 5 can be inserted into the mounting hole 6. Then stop the backward movement, lift the lifting rod 15 upward by the air cylinder, the lifting rod 15 drives the towing bolt 3 to slide upward, the towing bolt 3 drives the end of the towing rod 5 in the mounting hole 6 to slide upward, and the lower end of the towing pin 4 gradually passes through the first insertion hole 28 at the upper end of the towing bolt 3, and then passes through the insertion hole at the end of the towing rod 5, and the connection is completed, as shown in the state. Figure 4

[0066] Embodiment 2

[0067] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the towing pin 4 is not directly fixed on the mounting plate 7. Specifically, as shown in Figure 6 Figure 7 The second transverse plate 12 is further fixed on the mounting plate 7, the first transverse plate 11 and the second transverse plate 12 are vertically distributed, the second transverse plate 12 is below the first transverse plate 11, and the mounting space for inserting the towing rod 5 of the trailer is also formed between the first transverse plate 11 and the second transverse plate 12.

[0068] The second insertion hole for inserting the towing pin 4 is formed in the first transverse plate 11 and the second transverse plate 12, the first locking member for locking the towing pin 4 is installed on the first transverse plate 11, specifically, the upper end of the towing pin 4 is fixed with a ring 10, the first locking member is used to pass through the ring 10 and limit the vertical movement of the towing pin 4, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 8 The first locking member includes a latch 16 slidingly connected on the first transverse plate 11 in the transverse direction and an electromagnet 17 fixed on the first transverse plate 11, the latch 16 is used to pass through the ring 10, the latch 16 is made of a material with magnetism or made of iron, when the electromagnet 17 is started, the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet 17 attracts the fixed latch 16, that is, the latch 16 can be fixed on the electromagnet 17 by electromagnetic action, when the electromagnet 17 is turned off, the latch 16 can be manually slid to make the latch 16 separate from the ring 10.

[0069] Specifically, in the autonomous towing mode of embodiment 1, the electromagnet 17 is in a long-term starting state, that is, the latch 16 is inserted into the ring 10 and fixed on the electromagnet 17 by electromagnetic action, and the towing pin 4 is in a long-term locking state. When the emergency situation occurs and it is inconvenient to perform autonomous towing, the electromagnet 17 is turned off, the latch 16 is slid to make the latch 16 separate from the ring 10, and the towing pin 4 is no longer locked, at this time, the towing pin 4 can be manually slid upward and removed, as shown in the state. Figure 6 Then the towing rod 5 is inserted between the first transverse plate 11 and the second transverse plate 12, and then the towing pin 4 is reinserted into the second insertion hole on the first transverse plate 11 and the second transverse plate 12.​​Figure 7 As shown, the towing pin 4 is locked by the pin 16, thus enabling manual towing without the need for the towing bolt 3, lifting mechanism, etc. In other words, this solution retains the option of manual towing for emergency use, even though the towing device 2 can achieve autonomous towing.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] This embodiment is based on embodiment 1, such as... Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, a reinforcing plate 25 is provided below the traction bolt 3. The reinforcing plate 25 is connected to the mounting plate 7. A first insertion hole 28 is also provided on the lower end of the traction bolt 3 and on the reinforcing plate 25. The first insertion holes 28 on the upper end of the traction bolt 3, the lower end of the traction bolt 3, and the reinforcing plate 25 are vertically aligned. The reinforcing plate 25 is connected to the lower end of the traction bolt 3. When the traction bolt 3 is raised to its highest point by the lifting mechanism, the lower end of the traction pin 4 is inserted into the first insertion hole 28 of the reinforcing plate 25. A connecting hole 29 is provided at the end of the reinforcing plate 25. A connecting pin 26 for inserting into the connecting hole 29 is fixed at the lower end of the mounting plate 7. When the traction bolt 3 is lowered to its lowest point, the reinforcing plate 25 also disengages from the mounting plate 7. Figure 10 As shown in the diagram. When the traction bolt 3 is raised to its highest point, the connecting hole 29 on the reinforcing plate 25 and the connecting pin 26 on the mounting plate 7 are in a plug-in engagement state, as shown in the diagram. Figure 9 The state shown.

[0072] In actual use, the first insertion hole 28 on the traction bolt 3 is designated as the first insertion hole A, and the first insertion hole 28 on the reinforcing plate 25 is designated as the first insertion hole B. The inner diameter of the first insertion hole A is larger than that of the first insertion hole B. Therefore, the traction pin 4 and the first insertion hole A on the traction bolt 3 do not directly contact each other and will not transmit the force to the traction bolt 3. At the same time, the second horizontal plate 12 is set above the traction bolt 3 and also bears the force. Thus, the force of the traction pin 4 is borne by the second horizontal plate 12 and the reinforcing plate 25 and transmitted to the mounting plate 7, and then to the tractor 1. The tractor 1 shares the force, thereby avoiding the problem of the movable traction bolt 3 being damaged due to excessive force.

[0073] To avoid the reinforcing plate 25 transmitting a large force to the lower end of the traction bolt 3, the specific connection method between the reinforcing plate 25 and the lower end of the traction bolt 3 is as follows: the upper end of the reinforcing plate 25 is hinged to a connecting rod 27, and the upper end of the connecting rod 27 is hinged to the lower end of the traction bolt 3. The connecting rod 27 is made of flexible plastic or other materials. When the reinforcing plate 25 is subjected to the force of the traction bolt 3, the force transmitted to the traction bolt 3 is greatly reduced because the connecting rod 27 can deflect or deform.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] The embodiment is based on the embodiment 1, the detection assembly for detecting the butt joint state of the towing bar 5 and the mounting hole 6 is mounted in the mounting hole 6, and the detection assembly can be a distance sensor or a photoelectric switch in actual use. The distance sensor or the photoelectric switch is used to judge whether the towing bar 5 is inserted into the mounting hole 6. As long as the detection assembly can detect whether an object enters the mounting hole 6, the detection assembly can be used.

[0076] As shown in Figure 11 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 13 , the detection assembly comprises a sliding block 21, a limit switch 24 and a limit plate 23. The sliding block 21 is axially and slidably connected in the mounting hole 6. The limit switch 24 is selected from the prior art switches triggered by pressure. The limit switch 24 is fixed on the sliding block 21. A first elastic member is mounted between the limit plate 23 and the sliding block 21. The first elastic member is selected as a first spring 22. The two ends of the first spring 22 are fixed to the limit plate 23 and the sliding block 21 respectively. One side of the limit plate 23 faces the limit switch 24 and is used to trigger the limit switch 24. The other side of the limit plate 23 faces the opening of the mounting hole 6 and is used to contact the towing bar 5 of the trailer.

[0077] The detection assembly further comprises a driving member for driving the limit switch 24 to slide. The driving member comprises a push rod 19 for pushing the sliding block 21 to slide. One end of the push rod 19 is hinged to the sliding block 21. The other end of the push rod 19 is hinged to a push block 20. The push block 20 is vertically slidably arranged. The lifting mechanism is also used to drive the push block 20 to vertically lift. As shown in Figure 9 、 Figure 10 , a through hole 18 is formed in the second transverse plate 12 for the lifting block 13 and the push block 20 to pass through. Through the design of the through hole 18, the push block 20 is prevented from being hindered during vertical movement.

[0078] The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the lifting mechanism is designed differently. Specifically, the lifting rod 15 is not directly fixed to the towing bolt 3. The lifting rod 15 is vertically and slidably connected to the mounting plate 7. The lifting mechanism further comprises a lifting block 13 fixed to the upper end of the towing bolt 3. A vertical strip-shaped slot 14 is formed in the lifting block 13. The lower end of the lifting rod 15 is slidably connected in the strip-shaped slot 14. The lifting rod 15 is fixedly connected to the push block 20.

[0079] In specific use, in the initial state, the towing bolt 3 is subjected to the action of its own gravity, so that the lower end of the lifting rod 15 is located at the top of the strip-shaped slot 14. The gas cylinder is started. When the gas cylinder drives the lifting rod 15 to slide downward, the lower end of the lifting rod 15 no longer has an upward pulling action on the lifting block 13. The towing bolt 3 is lowered under the action of gravity. When the sliding rod slides to the bottom of the sliding slot, the towing bolt 3 is also lowered to the lowest point. Figure 11The state shown. At this time continue to slide down the lifting lever 15, the lifting lever 15 slides down in the strip-shaped groove 14 relative to the lifting block 13, and further drives the push block 20 to slide down, the push block 20 drives one end of the push rod 19 to move downward, and the other end of the push rod 19 pushes the sliding block 21 to move in the direction close to the opening of the mounting hole 6, and pushes out the limit switch 24, as shown in Figure 12 The state shown. According to different models of the trailer, the distance of the lifting lever 15 sliding down relative to the lifting block 13 can be set, and then the distance of pushing out the limit switch 24 is controlled.

[0080] Then the hitching of the hitching bolt 3 and the hitching rod 5 is started. After the hitching rod 5 is inserted into the mounting hole 6, it first contacts and pushes the limit plate 23 to slide, the first spring 22 is compressed, the limit plate 23 is close to the limit switch 24 and triggers the limit switch 24, as shown in Figure 13 The state shown. After the limit switch 24 is triggered, it reminds the staff that the hitching rod 5 has been inserted into the mounting hole 6, stops reversing, and starts the lifting mechanism to lift the hitching bolt 3. The lifting lever 15 slides up to reset, first slides up relative to the lifting block 13, and can drive the limit switch 24 to move away from the hitching rod 5 to reset. When the lower end of the lifting lever 15 slides up to the top of the strip-shaped groove 14, the lifting lever 15 continues to slide up, which can synchronously drive the hitching bolt 3 to slide up to reset, and the hitching is completed.

[0081] Example 5

[0082] This example is based on example 1, as shown in Figure 14 , Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 The hitching bolt 3 includes an upper guide plate, a lower guide plate 33, and a side guide plate 32 connected between the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate 33. The side guide plate 32 is provided with two pieces, and the upper guide plate, the lower guide plate 33, and the two side guide plates 32 surround to form the mounting hole 6. The mounting hole 6 includes a mounting portion 8 and a guide portion 9. The guide portion 9 is in the shape of a prism, and one end of the guide portion 9 away from the mounting portion 8 is an expanded end. When the expanded end of the guide portion 9 faces the hitching rod 5, the hitching rod 5 can be guided by the guide portion 9 when inserted into the mounting hole 6, which is more convenient for the hitching rod 5 to be inserted into the mounting hole 6.

[0083] The side guide plate 32 includes a fixed portion 31 and a movable portion 30. The fixed portion 31 is fixed between the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate 33. The end of the movable portion 30 is fixed with a hinge rod 39, which is rotationally connected to the fixed portion 31. The axis of the hinge rod 39 is perpendicular to the axis of the mounting hole 6. The movable portion 30 can be deflected relative to the fixed portion 31. A torsional spring is installed between the hinge rod 39 and the fixed portion 31. The movable portion 30 can be deflected relative to the fixed portion 31 under force. When the movable portion 30 is no longer under force, it can automatically rotate back to the original position by the action of the torsional spring.

[0084] The second locking member is used for locking the articulated rod 39, when the second locking member locks the articulated rod 39, the articulated rod 39 cannot rotate relative to the fixed part 31, and when the second locking member releases the articulated rod 39, the articulated rod 39 can drive the movable part 30 to rotate relative to the fixed part 31. Specifically, the second locking member includes a limiting rod 34 used for clamping and limiting the articulated rod 39, the limiting rod 34 is slidably connected to the fixed part 31 in the transverse direction, and the articulated rod 39 or the movable part 30 is provided with a limiting portion for clamping the limiting rod 34. In the embodiment, the movable part 30 is fixed with a protrusion 40 at the end, and the movable part 30 is formed with a limiting gap for clamping the limiting rod 34 at the protrusion 40, that is, the limiting portion is the limiting gap, and the limiting gap faces the inner side of the mounting hole 6. On the basis of the embodiment 4, the second elastic member is fixed between the limiting rod 34 and the fixed part 31, and the second elastic member is selected as the second spring 38, the limiting rod 34 is fixed with a limiting block 37, and the sliding block 21 is provided with a clamping groove 35 for clamping the limiting block 37. Specifically, the sliding block 21 is fixed with a clamping block 36, and the clamping groove 35 is formed on the side of the clamping block 36 facing the second spring 38.

[0085] Specifically, when the traction bolt 3 is lowered to the required height, the lifting rod 15 continues to slide downward, so that the sliding block 21 drives the limiting switch 24 to slide in the mounting hole 6. At this time, the clamping groove 35 on the sliding block 21 releases the limiting of the limiting block 37, the limiting rod 34 slides and extends on the fixed part 31 under the elastic restoring force of the second elastic member, the end of the limiting rod 34 is inserted into the limiting gap, and the free end of the movable part 30 is limited to deflect outward, as shown in the state of Figure 14 Figure 15 At this time, the upper guide plate, the lower guide plate 33 and the side guide plate 32 jointly surround the mounting hole 6 for inserting the traction rod 5.

[0086] After the traction rod 5 is inserted into the mounting hole 6, the sliding block 21 drives the limiting switch 24 to move away from the traction rod 5, when the clamping groove 35 on the sliding block 21 clamps the limiting block 37, the limiting block 37 is also driven to slide, so that the limiting rod 34 releases the locking of the articulated rod 39, and the second spring 38 is compressed. At this time, the limiting rod 34 releases the limitation of the movable part 30, and the movable part 30 can deflect relative to the fixed part 31. Therefore, during the steering process of the towing vehicle 1, when the traction rod 5 deflects to the side of the traction bolt 3, the movable part 30 can deflect and will not hinder the movement of the traction rod 5, as shown in the state of Figure 16 Figure 17 .

[0087] ​​It is to be noted that, in the present text, relational terms such as first and second and the like can be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0088] Finally, it has to be noted that all details of the above-described embodiments can be modified or substituted by other technically equivalent parts, and that the technical solutions described above are only intended to explain the principles of the present application and not to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made to the technical solutions described above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A towing device, comprising a towing bolt, a towing pin disposed above the towing bolt, and a mounting plate for mounting the towing bolt and the towing pin, the mounting plate being for connecting to a towing vehicle, the towing bolt having a transverse mounting hole for inserting a towing rod of the trailer, and a first insertion hole at the upper end of the towing bolt for engaging with the towing pin, the first insertion hole communicating with the mounting hole, characterized in that: The traction pin is connected to the mounting plate in vertical sliding mode, and the mounting plate is provided with a lifting mechanism for driving the traction pin to lift and lower; A detection assembly for detecting the state of the hitch of the trailer and the mounting hole is mounted in the mounting hole, and the detection assembly comprises a limit switch connected to the mounting hole in axial sliding mode and a driving member for driving the limit switch to slide, the detection assembly further comprises a sliding block and a limit plate connected to the mounting hole in sliding mode, the limit switch is mounted on the sliding block, a first elastic member is mounted between the limit plate and the sliding block, one side of the limit plate faces the limit switch and is used for triggering the limit switch, the other side of the limit plate faces the opening of the mounting hole and is used for contacting the hitch of the trailer, and the driving member comprises a push rod for pushing the sliding block to slide, one end of the push rod is hinged to the sliding block, and the other end of the push rod is hinged to a push block, the push block is arranged in vertical sliding mode, and the lifting mechanism is also used for driving the push block to lift and lower in vertical mode. The lifting mechanism comprises a lifting block fixed to the upper end of the traction pin and a lifting rod connected to the lifting block, and the lifting rod is connected to the mounting plate in vertical sliding mode; a vertical strip-shaped slot is formed in the lifting block, the lower end of the lifting rod is connected to the strip-shaped slot in sliding mode, and the lifting rod is fixedly connected to the push block; a sliding groove for the traction pin to slide is formed in the mounting plate, and the bottom of the sliding groove is closed.

2. The towed device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcing plate is arranged below the traction pin, first insertion holes are formed in the lower end of the traction pin and the reinforcing plate, the first insertion holes in the upper end of the traction pin, the lower end of the traction pin and the reinforcing plate are vertically overlapped, the reinforcing plate is connected to the lower end of the traction pin, and when the traction pin is lifted to the highest point under the action of the lifting mechanism, the lower end of the traction pin is inserted into the first insertion hole of the reinforcing plate, and the reinforcing plate is connected to the mounting plate.

3. The tow arrangement of claim 1, wherein: First and second horizontal plates are fixed to the mounting plate, the first and second horizontal plates are vertically distributed, and the first and second horizontal plates form a mounting space for the hitch of the trailer to be inserted thereinto, second insertion holes for the traction pin to be inserted thereinto are formed in the first and second horizontal plates, and the first horizontal plate is provided with a first locking member for locking the traction pin.

4. The tow arrangement of claim 1, wherein: The traction pin comprises upper and lower guide plates and side guide plates connected between the upper and lower guide plates, the side guide plates are two, and the upper and lower guide plates and the two side guide plates surround the mounting hole; the mounting hole comprises a mounting portion and a guide portion, the guide portion is in the shape of a prism, and the end of the guide portion away from the mounting portion is in the shape of a flared end.

5. A trailer device according to claim 4, characterised in that: The side guide plates comprise fixed portions and movable portions, the fixed portions are fixed between the upper and lower guide plates, the movable portions are hinged to the fixed portions, and the fixed portions are further provided with a second locking member for locking the movable portions.

6. A trailer device according to claim 5, characterised in that: The end of the movable portion is fixed with a hinge rod, the hinge rod is rotatably connected to the fixed portion, the second locking member comprises a limiting rod for clamping and limiting the hinge rod, and the limiting rod is slidably connected to the fixed portion in transverse mode; the hinge rod or the movable portion is provided with a limiting portion for the limiting rod to be clamped into.

7. A trailer device according to claim 6, characterised in that: A second elastic member is fixed between the limiting rod and the fixed portion, a limiting block is fixed to the limiting rod, and a clamping groove for clamping the limiting block is formed in the sliding block.

8. The tow arrangement of claim 6, wherein: A torsional spring is mounted between the hinge rod and the fixed portion.

9. A towing vehicle characterised by: The trailer hitching device comprises the trailer hitching device according to any one of claims 1-8.

Images