A tooth-shaped pressing and unlocking device

Abstract

The present invention provides a toothed pressing and unlocking device, which relates to the field of aerospace technology and includes a side pressure plate, a pressing and unlocking assembly, a rotating elastic assembly, a fixed seat and an adapter seat. Two side pressure plates are connected to a fixed seat at one end in the vertical direction through a rotating elastic assembly. The two side pressure plates are provided with a first toothed portion, and the adapter seat is provided with a second toothed portion. The first toothed portion and the second toothed portion engage with each other to limit the vertical displacement of the adapter seat. The pressing and unlocking assembly includes an unlocking device and a pressing device that are connected to each other. The two ends of the pressing device are respectively connected to the two side pressure plates. The unlocking device is used to disconnect the pressing device. A longitudinal accommodating channel is formed between the two side pressure plates in the separated state. In the separated state of the present invention, when a device such as a rotating table rotates, its portion close to the toothed pressing and unlocking device can pass through the accommodating channel, which can avoid interference or collision with the device and provide space for safe movement of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of aerospace technology, and in particular to a tooth-shaped pressing and unlocking device. Background Art

[0002] The compression and unlocking device can achieve compression and unlocking of the spacecraft body and aerospace equipment such as solar panels. For some equipment, such as solar panels, no further action is usually required after separation and unlocking. However, if the above-mentioned compression and unlocking device is used on equipment that still needs to perform other actions after separation and unlocking (such as a rotating stage or semi-rotating swing stage), it may cause the compression and unlocking device to interfere with the equipment performing other actions (such as the rotation of the rotating stage after entering orbit), affecting the safety of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The problem solved by the present invention is how to avoid interference between the pressing and unlocking device and the equipment.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a toothed pressing and unlocking device, comprising a side pressure plate, a pressing and unlocking assembly, a rotating elastic assembly, a fixed seat and an adapter seat, wherein one end of the two side pressure plates along the vertical direction is connected to one of the fixed seats through the rotating elastic assembly, the first mounting ends of the two rotating elastic assemblies are respectively connected to the two side pressure plates, and the second mounting ends of the two rotating elastic assemblies are both connected to the fixed seat, the two opposite end surfaces of the two side pressure plates are each provided with a first toothed portion, and the two opposite end surfaces of the adapter seat are each provided with a second toothed portion; the rotating elastic assembly The locking assembly is used to drive the side pressure plates to rotate so that the two side pressure plates are switched from a closed state to a separated state. The two first tooth-shaped portions are used to respectively engage with the two second tooth-shaped portions in the closed state to limit the vertical displacement of the adapter seat. The clamping and unlocking assembly includes an unlocking device and a clamping device that are connected to each other. The two ends of the clamping device are respectively connected to the two side pressure plates to put the two side pressure plates in a closed state. The unlocking device is used to disconnect the two ends of the clamping device. A longitudinal accommodating channel is formed between the two side pressure plates in the separated state.

[0005] Optionally, the unlocking device includes an expander, and the clamping device includes a slotted bolt. In the closed state, the slotted bolt passes through the two side pressure plates and the adapter seat. The two expanders are sleeved on the slotted bolt and are respectively located on both sides of the two side pressure plates away from the adapter seat. One end of the expander is connected to the side pressure plate, and the other end is connected to the slotted bolt. The expander is used to expand when energized to cause the slotted bolt to expand and break.

[0006] Optionally, the unlocking device also includes a separation elastic member, and the two separation elastic members are respectively located on both sides of the two side pressure plates away from the adapter seat, one end of the separation elastic member is connected to the side pressure plate, and the other end is connected to the slotted bolt, and the separation elastic member is used to drive the disconnected slotted bolt to move in a direction away from the adapter seat.

[0007] Optionally, the separation elastic member includes a separation spring and a separation gasket, the two ends of a separation gasket are respectively connected to the two separation springs, the end of the separation spring away from the separation gasket is connected to the side pressure plate, and the center of the separation gasket is mounted on the slotted bolt.

[0008] Optionally, the clamping and unlocking assembly further includes a capture cap, wherein the two capture caps are respectively located on both sides of the two side pressure plates away from the adapter seat and are respectively mounted on the two side pressure plates, and the capture cap cover is arranged on the clamping device.

[0009] Optionally, the rotation elastic component includes a leaf spring, a first mounting end of the leaf spring is mounted on the fixing seat, and a second mounting end of the leaf spring is mounted on the side pressure plate.

[0010] Optionally, the rotational elastic component further includes a loading plate and a fastener, and the two loading plates are respectively mounted on the first mounting end and the second mounting end of the leaf spring through the fastener.

[0011] Optionally, a separation feedback device is further included, wherein a conductive copper sheet is provided on the separation feedback device, and two separation feedback devices are respectively mounted on the two side pressure plates, and the conductive copper sheets of the two separation feedback devices are used to abut against each other in a closed state.

[0012] Optionally, the compression and unlocking assembly also includes a first thermal insulation member and a second thermal insulation member, the first thermal insulation member is sleeved on the slotted bolt and respectively abuts against the expander and the slotted bolt, the two second thermal insulation members are respectively located on both sides of the two side pressure plates away from the adapter seat, the second thermal insulation member is sleeved on the slotted bolt and respectively abuts against the expander, the slotted bolt and the side pressure plates.

[0013] Optionally, the tooth line directions of the first tooth-shaped portion and the second tooth-shaped portion are respectively arranged along the longitudinal direction.

[0014] The fixing seat of the toothed pressing and unlocking device of the present invention can be fixedly installed on the main body of the spacecraft, and the adapter seat can be fixedly installed on the equipment that needs to be separated and unlocked. The two side pressure plates are rotatably connected to a fixing seat along one vertical end, so that the two side pressure plates can switch between a closed state and a separated state: in the closed state, the two side pressure plates are relatively fixedly connected together by the pressing device, so that the side pressure plates remain in a closed state, and the first tooth-shaped portions on the two opposite end surfaces of the two side pressure plates are engaged with the second tooth-shaped portions on the two opposite end surfaces of the adapter seat, so that the vertical displacement of the adapter seat is limited by the first tooth-shaped portion and the second tooth-shaped portion, thereby realizing the function of pressing the equipment on the spacecraft, and having high strength and rigidity. The unlocking device disconnects the clamping device, so that the two side pressure plates are no longer restricted by the connection of the clamping device. The elastic potential energy stored in the two rotating elastic components is released, driving the two side pressure plates to rotate and enter a separated state. The first toothed portion is no longer engaged with the second toothed portion, so that the adapter is no longer limited by the side pressure plates, realizing the unlocking and separation function of the device. The longitudinal accommodating channel between the two side pressure plates allows the part of the device such as the rotating table close to the toothed clamping and unlocking device to pass through the accommodating channel. When the device rotates, it maintains a certain safety distance from the toothed clamping and unlocking device, which can avoid interference or collision between the device and the toothed clamping and unlocking device, providing space for safe movement of the device. In addition, the toothed clamping and unlocking device disconnects the clamping device, causing the two side pressure plates to rotate and separate, thereby unlocking and separating the adapter. The relative movement between the components is relatively simple, which improves the reliability of the toothed clamping and unlocking device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the toothed pressing and unlocking device in a closed state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tooth-shaped pressing and unlocking device in the closed state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the tooth-shaped pressing and unlocking device in the separated state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tooth-shaped pressing and unlocking device in the separated state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Description of reference numerals:

[0020] 1. Side pressure plate; 11. First tooth-shaped portion; 2. Compression and unlocking assembly; 21. Unlocking device; 211. Expander; 212. Separation elastic member; 2121. Separation spring; 2122. Separation gasket; 22. Compression device; 221. Slotted bolt; 23. Capture cap; 24. First thermal insulation member; 25. Second thermal insulation member; 3. Rotational elastic assembly; 31. Leaf spring; 32. Loading plate; 33. Fastener; 4. Fixed seat; 5. Adapter seat; 51. Second tooth-shaped portion; 6. Separation feedback device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] It should be noted that in the coordinate system XYZ provided herein, the positive direction of the X axis represents the right, the negative direction of the X axis represents the left, the positive direction of the Y axis represents the back, the negative direction of the Y axis represents the front, the positive direction of the Z axis represents the top, and the negative direction of the Z axis represents the bottom. At the same time, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0023] The embodiment of the present invention provides a toothed pressing and unlocking device, comprising a side pressure plate 1, a pressing and unlocking assembly 2, a rotating elastic assembly 3, a fixed seat 4 and an adapter seat 5, wherein one end of the two side pressure plates 1 along the vertical direction is connected to one of the fixed seats 4 through the rotating elastic assembly 3, the first mounting ends of the two rotating elastic assemblies 3 are respectively connected to the two side pressure plates 1, and the second mounting ends of the two rotating elastic assemblies 3 are both connected to the fixed seat 4, the two opposite end surfaces of the two side pressure plates 1 are both provided with a first toothed portion 11, and the two opposite end surfaces of the adapter seat 5 are both provided with a second toothed portion 51; the rotating elastic assembly 3 Used to drive the side pressure plates 1 to rotate so that the two side pressure plates 1 are switched from a closed state to a separated state, and the two first tooth-shaped portions 11 are used to respectively engage with the two second tooth-shaped portions 51 in the closed state to limit the vertical displacement of the adapter 5; the clamping and unlocking assembly 2 includes an unlocking device 21 and a clamping device 22 that are connected to each other, and the two ends of the clamping device 22 are respectively connected to the two side pressure plates 1, and are used to make the two side pressure plates 1 in a closed state, and the unlocking device 21 is used to disconnect the connection between the two ends of the clamping device 22, and a longitudinal accommodating channel is formed between the two side pressure plates 1 in the separated state.

[0024] Specifically, combined Figures 1 to 4As shown, the side pressure plate 1 is connected to the fixed seat 4 at its lower vertical end (i.e., the end in the opposite direction of the Z axis in the figure) through a rotating elastic component 3. The rotating elastic component 3 can adopt other structures or components in the prior art. For example, the side pressure plate 1 and the fixed seat 4 are hinged through a hinge seat and elastically connected through a coil spring (i.e., the hinge seat and the coil spring constitute the rotating elastic component 3, and the two ends of the coil spring are the first mounting end and the second mounting end. This example scheme is not shown in the figure). The two side pressure plates 1 are machined with a first tooth-shaped portion 11 on the two opposite end faces of one end along the positive direction of the Z axis. The projection of the adapter seat 5 on the ZX plane is a T-shaped structure, so that the lower end portion thereof can be placed between the two side pressure plates 1 in the closed state.

[0025] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, since the two opposite end surfaces of this part of the lower end of the adapter seat 5 are provided with second tooth-shaped portions 51, when the side pressure plate 1 is in a closed state, the two second tooth-shaped portions 51 on the adapter seat 5 are respectively engaged with the two first tooth-shaped portions 11 on the two side pressure plates 1, and the clamping and unlocking assembly 2 can adopt a structure in the prior art such as an explosive bolt (that is, the clamping device 22 in this embodiment is an explosive bolt, and the unlocking device 21 is a detonator, not shown in the figure), passing through the two side pressure plates 1 and the adapter seat 5 and fixed by a nut; combined Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when it is necessary to switch to the separated state, the explosive bolt can be blown off, and the elastic potential energy can be released by rotating the elastic component 3 to drive the two side pressure plates 1 to rotate in opposite directions, releasing the adapter 5 to achieve unlocking and separation. The two side pressure plates 1 in the separated state form a accommodating channel along the Y-axis direction in the figure. By presetting a safety distance (which can be understood as the minimum distance between the device and the side pressure plate 1, or the minimum distance between the adapter 5 and the side pressure plate), when the adapter 5 rotates with, for example, a rotary table device, its movement trajectory will not interfere with other structures of the toothed pressing and unlocking device.

[0026] It should be noted that the first tooth-shaped portion 11 and the second tooth-shaped portion 51 can be designed with specific tooth shapes and tooth lines as needed. For example, the first tooth-shaped portion 11 and the second tooth-shaped portion 51 are helical tooth structures. As long as the vertical displacement of the adapter 5 can be limited, no specific restrictions are made here.

[0027] The fixing seat 4 of the toothed pressing and unlocking device of the present invention can be fixedly installed on the main body of the spacecraft, and the adapter seat 5 can be fixedly installed on the equipment that needs to be separated and unlocked. The two side pressure plates 1 are rotatably connected to a fixing seat 4 along one vertical end, so that the two side pressure plates 1 can switch between a closed state and a separated state: in the closed state, the two side pressure plates 1 are relatively fixedly connected together by the pressing device 22, so that the side pressure plates 1 remain in a closed state, and the first toothed portions 11 on the two opposite end surfaces of the two side pressure plates 1 are engaged with the second toothed portions 51 on the two opposite end surfaces of the adapter seat 5, so that the vertical displacement of the adapter seat 5 is limited by the first toothed portion 11 and the second toothed portion 51, thereby realizing the function of pressing the equipment on the spacecraft and having high strength. and rigidity; the clamping device 22 is disconnected by the unlocking device 21, so that the two side pressure plates 1 are no longer restricted by the connection of the clamping device 22, and the elastic potential energy stored in the two rotating elastic components 3 is released, driving the two side pressure plates 1 to rotate and enter a separated state, and the first toothed portion 11 is no longer engaged with the second toothed portion 51, so that the adapter 5 is no longer limited by the side pressure plate 1, realizing the unlocking and separation function of the device, and the longitudinal accommodating channel between the two side pressure plates 1 allows the part of the device such as the rotating table close to the toothed clamping and unlocking device to pass through the accommodating channel, and the device maintains a certain safety distance from the toothed clamping and unlocking device when rotating, which can avoid interference or collision between the device and the toothed clamping and unlocking device, providing space for safe movement of the device. In addition, the toothed clamping and unlocking device disconnects the clamping device 22, so that the two side pressure plates 1 rotate and separate, thereby unlocking and separating the adapter 5, and the relative movement between the parts is relatively simple, which improves the reliability of the toothed clamping and unlocking device.

[0028] Optionally, the unlocking device 21 includes an expander 211, and the clamping device 22 includes a slotted bolt 221. In the closed state, the slotted bolt 221 passes through the two side pressure plates 1 and the adapter seat 5. The two expanders 211 are sleeved on the slotted bolt 221 and are respectively located on both sides of the two side pressure plates 1 away from the adapter seat 5. One end of the expander 211 is connected to the side pressure plate 1, and the other end is connected to the slotted bolt 221. The expander 211 is used to expand when energized to cause the slotted bolt 221 to expand and break.

[0029] Specifically, combined Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, one expander 211 is located on the left side of the left side pressure plate 1, and the other expander 211 is located on the right side of the right side pressure plate 1. An annular groove is processed in the middle of the slotted bolt 221. The right end head of the slotted bolt 221 abuts against the expander 211 on the right side. The slotted bolt 221 passes through the right expander 211, the right side pressure plate 1, the adapter 5, the left side pressure plate 1 and the left expander 211 in sequence. The left end threaded part of the slotted bolt 221 abuts against the expander 211 on the left through a nut. In this way, one end of the expander 211 is connected to the clamping device 22, and the other end is connected to the side pressure plate 1, and a firm connection is achieved through the bolt pre-tightening force of the slotted bolt 221. Combined Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the expander 211 expands when energized, and the two ends of the slotted bolt 221 are pulled and broken at the annular groove. The elastic potential energy of the rotating elastic component 3 is converted into kinetic energy, driving the two side pressure plates 1 to rotate and switch to a separated state. The first tooth-shaped portion 11 and the second tooth-shaped portion 51 are no longer engaged, and the adapter 5 and the equipment connected thereto are unlocked and released.

[0030] Thus, compared with the use of pyrotechnic products, the solution of the slotted bolt 221 and the expander 211 used in the present invention to achieve unlocking and separation has the advantages of being environmentally friendly and having low impact force.

[0031] Optionally, the unlocking device 21 also includes a separation elastic member 212, and the two separation elastic members 212 are respectively located on both sides of the two side pressure plates 1 away from the adapter seat 5. One end of the separation elastic member 212 is connected to the side pressure plate 1, and the other end is connected to the grooved bolt 221. The separation elastic member 212 is used to drive the disconnected grooved bolt 221 to move in a direction away from the adapter seat 5.

[0032] Specifically, the separation elastic member 212 can adopt an elastic structure in the prior art. The two outer ends of the two separation elastic members 212 are respectively connected to the two ends of the slotted bolt 221. When the pre-tightening force of the slotted bolt 221 increases, the elastic potential energy of the compressed separation elastic member 212 increases. In the separated state, the slotted bolt 221 is disconnected, and the elastic potential energy of the two separation elastic members 212 is converted into kinetic energy, which pushes the two parts of the disconnected slotted bolt 221 respectively.

[0033] In this way, in the separated state, the elastic potential energy of the separation elastic member 212 is released, pushing the disconnected slotted bolt 221, preventing the slotted bolt 221 from passing through the side pressure plate 1, affecting the unlocking and separation of the adapter 5 and the equipment and other actions.

[0034] Optionally, the separation elastic member 212 includes a separation spring 2121 and a separation gasket 2122, the two ends of a separation gasket 2122 are respectively connected to the two separation springs 2121, the end of the separation spring 2121 away from the separation gasket 2122 is connected to the side pressure plate 1, and the center of the separation gasket 2122 is installed on the slotted bolt 221.

[0035] Specifically, combined Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a through hole is opened at the center of the separation gasket 2122 for the slotted bolt 221 to pass through, and the separation gasket 2122 is connected to the two separation springs 2121 at both ends along the Y-axis in the figure. The end of the separation spring 2121 away from the separation gasket 2122 is sleeved on the mounting column on the side pressure plate 1, and both ends of the slotted bolt 221 are provided with threads, and the two separation gaskets 2122 are installed on the two ends of the slotted bolt 221 by two nuts.

[0036] In this way, through the cooperation of the separation spring 2121 and the separation gasket 2122, the disconnected slotted bolt 221 can be pushed more quickly, so that the movement path of the disconnected slotted bolt 221 can be determined.

[0037] Optionally, the clamping and unlocking assembly 2 also includes a capture cap 23, and the two capture caps 23 are respectively located on both sides of the two side pressure plates 1 away from the adapter 5, and are respectively installed on the two side pressure plates 1, and the capture caps 23 are covered on the clamping device 22.

[0038] Specifically, combined Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the two capture caps 23 correspond to the two parts of the disconnected slotted bolt 221, and are respectively installed on the two side pressure plates 1 by screws. The capture caps 23 cover the slotted bolt 221, the expander 211, the separation spring 2121 and the separation gasket 2122. When in the separated state, the elastic potential energy of the separation spring 2121 is released to drive the disconnected slotted bolt 221 to move away from the side pressure plate 1, and is finally blocked by the capture cap 23.

[0039] Furthermore, by selecting a separation spring 2121 with certain parameters, one end of the separation spring 2121 in the separated state is still connected to the side pressure plate 1, and the other end drives the slotted bolt 221 to abut against the capture cap 23, so as to prevent the slotted bolt 221 in the separated state from moving in the capture cap 23.

[0040] In this way, after the clamping device 22 is disconnected, the capture cap 23 can prevent the corresponding parts from becoming space debris.

[0041] Optionally, combined Figures 1 to 4As shown, the rotation elastic component 3 includes a leaf spring 31 , a first mounting end of the leaf spring 31 is mounted on the fixing seat 4 , and a second mounting end of the leaf spring 31 is mounted on the side pressure plate 1 .

[0042] When the leaf spring 31 is in a natural state (i.e., when the toothed pressing and unlocking device is in a separated state), its first mounting end and the second mounting end are at a preset angle; when in a closed state, the two side pressure plates 1 and the adapter seat 5 are subjected to the pressing action of the pressing device 22. At this time, the first mounting end and the second mounting end of the leaf spring 31 are at another preset angle (180 degrees in the example in the figure) and have a large elastic potential energy.

[0043] In this way, in the separated state, the elastic potential energy of the leaf spring 31 is released, which quickly drives the side pressure plate 1 to rotate, thereby achieving unlocking and separation of the device connected to the adapter 5.

[0044] Optionally, the rotation elastic component 3 further includes a loading piece 32 and a fastener 33 , and the two loading pieces 32 are respectively mounted on the first mounting end and the second mounting end of the leaf spring 31 through the fastener 33 .

[0045] Specifically, the fastener 33 can be a bolt or a screw, etc. The loading plate 32 located on the positive side of the Z axis in the figure abuts against the leaf spring 31, and the fastener 33 passes through the loading plate 32 and the leaf spring 31 and is fixed on the side pressure plate 1. The loading plate 32 located on the negative side of the Z axis in the figure abuts against the leaf spring 31, and the fastener 33 passes through the loading plate 32 and the leaf spring 31 and is fixed on the fixing seat 4.

[0046] In this way, the first mounting end and the second mounting end of the leaf spring 31 can be firmly fixed to the side pressure plate 1 and the fixing seat 4 respectively, and the load can be evenly distributed through the loading plate 32 to avoid excessive force during unlocking and separation, which may cause damage to the leaf spring 31.

[0047] Optionally, combined Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a separation feedback device 6, on which a conductive copper sheet is provided. The two separation feedback devices 6 are respectively installed on the two side pressure plates 1, and the conductive copper sheets of the two separation feedback devices 6 are used to abut against each other in the closed state.

[0048] In this way, in the closed state, the conductive copper sheets on the separation feedback device 6 abut against each other, and in the separated state, the conductive copper sheets no longer abut against each other. The state of the tooth-shaped pressing and unlocking device can be determined through the communication of electrical signals.

[0049] Optionally, combined Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the clamping and unlocking assembly 2 also includes a first thermal insulation member 24 and a second thermal insulation member 25. The first thermal insulation member 24 is sleeved on the slotted bolt 221 and respectively abuts against the expander 211 and the slotted bolt 221. The two second thermal insulation members 25 are respectively located on both sides of the two side pressure plates 1 away from the adapter seat 5. The second thermal insulation member 25 is sleeved on the slotted bolt 221 and respectively abuts against the expander 211, the slotted bolt 221 and the side pressure plate 1.

[0050] In this way, the heat generated by the breaker 211 when it is powered on can be isolated by the first thermal insulation member 24 and the second thermal insulation member 25. On the one hand, it ensures that the breaker 211 can smoothly break the slotted bolt 221 as required, and on the other hand, it prevents the heat from affecting the normal operation of other components.

[0051] Optionally, the tooth line directions of the first tooth-shaped portion 11 and the second tooth-shaped portion 51 are respectively arranged along the longitudinal direction.

[0052] Specifically, combined Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the tooth line directions of the first tooth-shaped portion 11 and the second tooth-shaped portion 51 are consistent with the Y-axis direction in the figure.

[0053] Thus, compared with other tooth line direction designs, the tooth line direction of the present invention is designed along the longitudinal direction, which can make the tooth-shaped pressing and unlocking device in the closed state more secure, so that the first tooth-shaped portion 11 and the second tooth-shaped portion 51 can withstand a greater vertical force.

[0054] Although the present disclosure is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A toothed pressing and unlocking device, characterized in that: It comprises a side pressure plate (1), a pressing and unlocking assembly (2), a rotating elastic assembly (3), a fixed seat (4) and an adapter seat (5), wherein one end of the two side pressure plates (1) is connected to one of the fixed seats (4) through the rotating elastic assembly (3) in the vertical direction, the first mounting ends of the two rotating elastic assemblies (3) are respectively connected to the two side pressure plates (1), and the second mounting ends of the two rotating elastic assemblies (3) are both connected to the fixed seat (4), the two opposite end faces of the two side pressure plates (1) are both provided with a first tooth-shaped portion (11), and the two opposite end faces of the adapter seat (5) are both provided with a second tooth-shaped portion (51); The rotating elastic component (3) is used to drive the side pressure plates (1) to rotate so that the two side pressure plates (1) are switched from a closed state to a separated state, and the two first tooth-shaped portions (11) are used to respectively engage with the two second tooth-shaped portions (51) in the closed state to limit the vertical displacement of the adapter seat (5); The pressing and unlocking assembly (2) comprises an unlocking device (21) and a pressing device (22) connected to each other, wherein the two ends of the pressing device (22) are respectively connected to the two side pressure plates (1) for placing the two side pressure plates (1) in a closed state, and the unlocking device (21) is used to disconnect the two ends of the pressing device (22), so that a longitudinal accommodating channel is formed between the two side pressure plates (1) in the separated state; The unlocking device (21) includes an expander (211), and the pressing device (22) includes a slotted bolt (221). In the closed state, the slotted bolt (221) passes through the two side pressure plates (1) and the adapter seat (5). The two expanders (211) are sleeved on the slotted bolt (221) and are respectively located on both sides of the two side pressure plates (1) away from the adapter seat (5). One end of the expander (211) is connected to the side pressure plate (1), and the other end is connected to the slotted bolt (221). The expander (211) is used to expand when energized to cause the slotted bolt (221) to break. The unlocking device (21) further includes a separation elastic member (212), wherein the two separation elastic members (212) are respectively located on both sides of the two side pressure plates (1) away from the adapter seat (5), one end of the separation elastic member (212) is connected to the side pressure plate (1), and the other end is connected to the slotted bolt (221), and the separation elastic member (212) is used to drive the disconnected slotted bolt (221) to move in a direction away from the adapter seat (5); The clamping and unlocking assembly (2) further includes a first thermal insulation member (24) and a second thermal insulation member (25), wherein the first thermal insulation member (24) is sleeved on the slotted bolt (221) and respectively abuts against the expander (211) and the slotted bolt (221), and the two second thermal insulation members (25) are respectively located on both sides of the two side pressure plates (1) away from the adapter seat (5), and the second thermal insulation member (25) is sleeved on the slotted bolt (221) and respectively abuts against the expander (211), the slotted bolt (221) and the side pressure plate (1).

2. The toothed pressing and unlocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation elastic member (212) includes a separation spring (2121) and a separation gasket (2122), the two ends of one separation gasket (2122) are respectively connected to the two separation springs (2121), the end of the separation spring (2121) away from the separation gasket (2122) is connected to the side pressure plate (1), and the center of the separation gasket (2122) is installed on the slotted bolt (221).

3. The toothed pressing and unlocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping and unlocking assembly (2) further includes a capture cap (23), wherein the two capture caps (23) are respectively located on both sides of the two side pressure plates (1) away from the adapter (5) and are respectively mounted on the two side pressure plates (1), and the capture caps (23) are covered on the clamping device (22).

4. The toothed pressing and unlocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotational elastic component (3) comprises a leaf spring (31), a first mounting end of the leaf spring (31) is mounted on the fixing seat (4), and a second mounting end of the leaf spring (31) is mounted on the side pressure plate (1).

5. The toothed pressing and unlocking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotational elastic component (3) further comprises a loading plate (32) and a fastener (33), wherein the two loading plates (32) are respectively mounted on the first mounting end and the second mounting end of the leaf spring (31) via the fastener (33).

6. The toothed pressing and unlocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a separation feedback device (6), wherein a conductive copper sheet is provided on the separation feedback device (6), and two separation feedback devices (6) are respectively mounted on the two side pressure plates (1), and the conductive copper sheets of the two separation feedback devices (6) are used to abut against each other in a closed state.

7. The toothed pressing and unlocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth line directions of the first tooth-shaped portion (11) and the second tooth-shaped portion (51) are respectively arranged along the longitudinal direction.

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