A high-efficiency blade air-heat deicing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of wind power, and more specifically, to a high-efficiency blade aerothermal deicing device, comprising a nacelle, a hub, and a plurality of blades, wherein the nacelle is connected to the hub, and the plurality of blades are disposed on the hub. The blades comprise a housing, a blade leading edge web disposed at the blade leading edge of the housing, and a blade trailing edge web disposed at the blade trailing edge of the housing. A blower is mounted at the head of an air inlet duct, a heater is mounted at the air inlet of the blower, a plurality of spoilers are disposed at the rear of the air inlet duct, and a plurality of blade leading edge web vents are disposed at the rear of the blade leading edge web. The provision of the blade leading edge web vents reduces the flow resistance of the deicing system; the spoilers are disposed in a key deicing area at the blade leading edge, thereby enhancing the temperature rise of the blade outer wall in this key deicing area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wind power, and in particular to a high-efficiency blade gas-heat deicing device. Background Art

[0002] As a renewable energy source, wind power plays a prominent role in my country's power mix. However, during winter operation, blade icing poses a dual challenge to wind farm operational safety and power generation efficiency. Blade icing disrupts the aerodynamic shape, reduces the turbine's ability to capture wind energy, and increases blade loads and vibration. Wind farm owners urgently need a system that can de-ice blades in wind farms with severe icing. Hot air de-icing is an active blade anti-freezing technology. By delivering heated air into the blade cavity, the heat carried by the hot air is transferred from the inner surface to the outer surface, melting the ice on the outer surface. Hot air de-icing offers the advantages of safe and reliable operation, simple maintenance, and low system cost. From a purely heat transfer perspective, hot air de-icing primarily involves convection and conduction.

[0003] Patent No. 2022113917418 is a method and system for optimizing the deicing performance of wind turbine blades. Figure 3 The leading edge is the main windward area, where blade ice is most likely to form and has a significant impact on blade aerodynamic performance. Hot air deicing is an active anti-freezing technology. The hot air circulation system consists of a blower, heater, ventilation ducts, and the blade cavity. The above-mentioned disadvantages are as follows:

[0004] 1. An additional ventilation duct is required and needs to be installed in sections. The installation, fixation, and subsequent maintenance and replacement are troublesome, which affects the factory production efficiency of the blades and has high design costs.

[0005] 2. There are no openings in the leading edge web, the flow cross-sectional area at the blade tip is small, and the flow resistance is large, resulting in a larger blower and heavier weight.

[0006] 3. There is no wind deflector on the trailing edge web, which results in large heat dissipation losses in the non-critical deicing area of ​​the trailing edge, reducing deicing efficiency.

[0007] 4. There are no spoilers in the key area of ​​the leading edge, resulting in a low hot air flow velocity on the leading edge cavity wall, a small convective heat transfer coefficient, and a large thermal resistance.

[0008] 5. The system circulation temperature rises slowly and de-icing takes a long time.

[0009] 6. The heater outlet temperature control is not set on the blade wall, which cannot fully increase the heater outlet air temperature and results in poor deicing performance.

[0010] In view of this, the present invention provides a high-efficiency blade air-heat deicing device. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency blade gas-heat deicing device in response to the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0012] In order to solve the above technical problems, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0013] A high-efficiency blade air-heat deicing device comprises a nacelle, a hub and a plurality of blades, the nacelle is connected to the hub, the plurality of blades are arranged on the hub, the blades comprise a shell, a blade leading edge web arranged at the blade leading edge of the shell, and a blade trailing edge web arranged at the blade trailing edge of the shell, a cavity between the blade leading edge web and the shell forms a circulating air outlet channel, a circulating air return channel is formed between the blade leading edge web and the blade trailing edge web, a blower is installed at the head of the circulating air outlet channel, a heater is installed at the air inlet of the blower, a plurality of spoilers are provided at the tail of the circulating air outlet channel, a plurality of blade leading edge web vents are provided at the tail of the blade leading edge web, and the blade leading edge web vents communicate the circulating air outlet channel with the circulating air return channel;

[0014] By starting the blower and heater of the blade, the temperatures of the air inlet of the blower and the air outlet of the heater rise rapidly, and the air flow starts from the air outlet of the heater, first passes through the circulating air outlet channel, then enters the circulating air return channel through the air vents on the web of the leading edge of the blade, and finally returns to the blower, so that the air flow circulates in the blade, thereby increasing the inner wall temperature of the blade. When the intelligent control device for the inner wall temperature of the blade detects that the temperature reaches the set value, the temperature value of the intelligent control device for the inner wall temperature of the blade is controlled within a constant range by controlling the start and stop of the heater.

[0015] Furthermore, the blower and the heater are fixed on a partition, and the partition is sealed and fixed to a flange pre-buried in the leading edge of the blade and the web of the leading edge of the blade through fasteners.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a system flow intelligent regulating device, which is arranged on the partition.

[0017] Furthermore, a first windshield is installed between the blade trailing edge webs at the blade trailing edge near the blade tip of the shell; and a second windshield is installed between the blade trailing edge webs at the blade root near the shell.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a blade inner wall temperature safety control device, which is installed on the blade leading edge web near the heater outlet.

[0019] Furthermore, a heater over-temperature protection device is provided on the heater. During the operation of the system, the heater may dry-burn abnormally. The device uses a temperature sensor to feedback a signal and reports a system safety fault when the temperature exceeds a certain value.

[0020] Furthermore, an ice detection device is provided on the outer side of the blade root of the blade.

[0021] Furthermore, an electric slip ring, a unit control cabinet and a unit power distribution cabinet are installed in the nacelle, the unit control cabinet and the unit power distribution cabinet are both connected to the electric slip ring, and a tower is provided at the lower part of the nacelle.

[0022] A deicing control module and a power distribution cabinet are provided in the wheel hub, the blower is connected to the deicing control module and the power distribution cabinet, and the deicing control module is connected to an electric slip ring.

[0023] Furthermore, a deicing key area is provided on the leading edge of the blade, and a carbon fiber material with high thermal conductivity is laid on the deicing key area.

[0024] Furthermore, a thermal insulation coating material or thermal insulation device is laid on the non-deicing critical area of ​​the leading edge of the blade, the trailing edge of the blade, the blade tip of the shell and the blade root of the shell, and the thermal insulation coating material or thermal insulation device is used to reduce the heat dissipation loss of the blade.

[0025] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention is a high-efficiency blade air-heat deicing device, which reduces the flow resistance of the deicing system by arranging air vents on the web of the leading edge of the blade; spoilers are arranged in the key deicing area of ​​the leading edge of the blade to enhance the temperature rise of the outer wall of the blade in the key deicing area; a windshield is arranged between the trailing edge of the blade and the web of the trailing edge of the blade to reduce the heat dissipation loss in the non-critical deicing area, significantly improve the deicing capacity of the system, optimize the blower air volume and heater power selection design, reduce the power and weight of the blower and heater, and facilitate installation and maintenance.

[0027] Add an intelligent flow regulating device to the system. When the de-icing system starts to operate, the intelligent flow regulating device will be turned on to accelerate the circulation of air volume from the heater outlet to the blower inlet, shorten the air circulation heating time, improve the de-icing efficiency, and increase the power generation of the unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency blade air-heat deicing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram comparing the outer wall of a blade before and after optimization according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention in which a spoiler is installed on the web of the leading edge of a blade.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the airflow effect of a high-efficiency blade air-heat deicing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1-nacelle; 2-hub; 3-blade; 4-unit control cabinet; 5-unit power distribution cabinet; 6-electric slip ring; 7-de-icing control module; 8-power distribution cabinet; 9-tower; 10-blower.

[0035] 11-heater; 12-spoiler; 13-blade leading edge web vent; 14-partition; 15-system flow intelligent adjustment device; 16-first wind deflector; 17-second wind deflector; 18-blade inner wall temperature safety control device; 19-heater overtemperature protection device; 20-icing detection device; 21-deicing key area.

[0036] 31-shell; 32-blade leading edge; 33-blade trailing edge; 34-blade tip; 35-blade root; 36-blade leading edge web; 37-blade trailing edge web; 38-circulating air outlet channel; 39-circulating air return channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the present invention.

[0038] See Figure 1-5A high-efficiency blade air-heat deicing device includes a nacelle 1, a hub 2 and a plurality of blades 3, wherein the nacelle 1 is connected to the hub 2, and the plurality of blades 3 are arranged on the hub 2. The blades 3 include a shell 31, a blade leading edge web 36 arranged at the blade leading edge 32 of the shell 31, and a blade trailing edge web 37 arranged at the blade trailing edge 33 of the shell 31. The cavity between the blade leading edge web 36 and the shell 31 forms a circulating air outlet channel 38, and a circulating return air channel 39 is formed between the blade leading edge web 36 and the blade trailing edge web 37. A blower 10 is installed at the head of the circulating air outlet channel 38, and a heater 11 is installed at the air inlet of the blower 10. A plurality of spoilers 12 are provided at the tail of the circulating air outlet channel 38. A plurality of spoilers 12 are installed in the key deicing area 21 of the leading edge 32 of the blade. The spoilers 12 are installed every 3-5 meters to strengthen the convective heat exchange between the hot air flow in the key deicing area and the inner wall of the leading edge 32 of the blade, significantly increase the temperature rise of the outer wall of the blade 3, and improve the deicing efficiency without significantly increasing the flow resistance.

[0039] As a further explanation of this embodiment, a plurality of blade leading edge web vents 13 are provided at the tail of the blade leading edge web 36, and the blade leading edge web vents 13 are connected to the circulating air outlet channel 38 and the circulating air return channel 39; the blade leading edge web vents 13 are equidistantly arranged at the tail of the blade leading edge web 36, which significantly reduces the flow resistance in the inner cavity of the blade 3, and a smaller blower 10 or even a lighter axial flow fan can be selected, thereby reducing equipment costs, reducing equipment volume, and facilitating later maintenance and replacement.

[0040] As a further illustration of this embodiment, the blower 10 and the heater 11 are secured to a partition 14, which is sealed and secured via fasteners to flanges pre-embedded in the blade leading edge 32 and the blade leading edge web 36. The partition 14 is connected to the flanges pre-embedded in the blade leading edge 32 and the blade leading edge web 36 via fasteners and is sealed accordingly, facilitating installation and subsequent maintenance and replacement. This avoids the conventional segmented ventilation duct installation, resulting in high reliability, no impact on the manufacturing schedule of the blade 3, low costs, and improved factory production efficiency of the blade 3.

[0041] To further illustrate this embodiment, the deicing system also includes an intelligent flow control device 15, which is mounted on partition 14. A hole is formed in partition 14, and the system flow rate is intelligently adjusted by adjusting the area of ​​the hole. When the deicing system begins operation, intelligent flow control device 15 activates, accelerating the circulation of air from the outlet of heater 11 to the inlet of blower 10, thereby shortening the air circulation and heating time.

[0042] To further illustrate this embodiment, a first windshield 16 is installed between the blade trailing edge web 37 of the blade trailing edge 33 near the blade tip 34 of the housing 31. A second windshield 17 is installed between the blade trailing edge web 37 of the blade trailing edge 33 near the blade root 35 of the housing 31. The installation of windshields between the blade trailing edge 33 and the blade trailing edge web 37 near both the blade tip 34 and the blade root 35 reduces heat loss in the non-critical deicing area of ​​the trailing edge, significantly improving deicing efficiency.

[0043] As a further illustration of this embodiment, the deicing device further includes a blade inner wall temperature safety control device 18 , which is mounted on the blade leading edge web 36 near the air outlet of the heater 11 .

[0044] As a further illustration of this embodiment, the deicing device further includes a heater overtemperature protection device 19, which is disposed at the outlet of the heater 11. Because the blades 3 are made of fiberglass reinforced plastic, which has a temperature limit of no more than 75°C, the inner wall temperature of the blades 3 near the outlet of the heater 11 must be controlled within 75°C, preferably within 70°C. The heater overtemperature protection device 19 provides feedback from the temperature sensor signal to adjust the start and stop of the heater 11, thereby controlling the outlet temperature of the heater 11.

[0045] As a further illustration of this embodiment, an ice detection device 20 is provided on the outer side of the blade root 35 of the blade 3 .

[0046] As a further illustration of this embodiment, an electric slip ring 6 , a unit control cabinet 4 and a unit power distribution cabinet 5 are installed in the nacelle 1 , and both the unit control cabinet 4 and the unit power distribution cabinet 5 are connected to the electric slip ring 6 .

[0047] As a further illustration of this embodiment, a deicing control module 7 and a power distribution cabinet 8 are provided in the hub 2 , the blower 10 is connected to the deicing control module 7 and the power distribution cabinet 8 , and the deicing control module 7 is connected to an electric slip ring 6 .

[0048] As a further illustration of this embodiment, a tower 9 is provided at the lower portion of the nacelle 1 .

[0049] As a further illustration of this embodiment, the spoiler 12 is an arc-shaped spoiler 12. The design of the arc-shaped spoiler 12 improves heat transfer while not significantly increasing flow resistance.

[0050] As a further explanation of this embodiment, a de-icing key area 21 is provided on the leading edge 32 of the blade. The de-icing key area 21 is paved with a carbon fiber material with high thermal conductivity, so that the de-icing key area is quickly heated up, the local ice is quickly melted to drive the surrounding ice to melt, thereby shortening the de-icing time.

[0051] As a further explanation of this embodiment, a thermal insulation coating material or a thermal insulation device is laid on the non-deicing critical area of ​​the blade leading edge 32, the blade trailing edge 33, the blade tip 34 of the shell 31 and the blade root 35 of the shell 31. The thermal insulation coating material or the thermal insulation device is used to reduce the heat dissipation loss of the blade 3 and improve the utilization rate of the heater 11.

[0052] When the wind turbine is shut down due to icing or the icing detection device 20 detects a signal of impending icing, the unit control cabinet 4 receives the start-up signal of the blade 3 de-icing system and sends the instruction to the de-icing control and distribution cabinet 8, starting the blower 10 and the heater 11 of the blade 3 in turn. The air inlet of the blower 10 and the air outlet of the heater 11 are heated up rapidly. The air flow starts from the air outlet of the heater 11, first passes through the circulating air outlet channel 38, then enters the circulating air return channel 39 through the blade leading edge web vent 13, and finally returns to the blower 10, so that the air flow circulates in the blade 3, thereby increasing the inner wall temperature of the blade 3. When the inner wall temperature intelligent control device of the blade 3 detects that the temperature reaches the set value, it controls the start and stop of the heater 11 to control the temperature value of the inner wall temperature intelligent control device of the blade 3 to be controlled within a constant range.

[0053] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions, or modifications based on the present invention to solve substantially the same technical problems and achieve substantially the same technical effects are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency blade aerothermal deicing device, comprising a nacelle, a hub, and a plurality of blades, wherein the nacelle is connected to the hub, and the plurality of blades are disposed on the hub, characterized in that: The blade includes a shell, a blade leading edge web arranged at the leading edge of the blade of the shell, and a blade trailing edge web arranged at the trailing edge of the blade of the shell, a cavity between the blade leading edge web and the shell forms a circulating air outlet channel, a circulating air return channel is formed between the blade leading edge web and the blade trailing edge web, a blower is installed at the head of the circulating air outlet channel, a heater is installed at the air inlet of the blower, a plurality of spoilers are provided at the tail of the circulating air outlet channel, a plurality of blade leading edge web vents are provided at the tail of the blade leading edge web, and the blade leading edge web vents are connected to the circulating air outlet channel and the circulating air return channel; By starting the blower and heater of the blade, the temperature of the air inlet of the blower and the air outlet of the heater rises rapidly, the air flow starts from the air outlet of the heater, first passes through the circulating air outlet channel, then enters the circulating air return channel through the air vents on the web of the leading edge of the blade, and finally returns to the blower, so that the air flow circulates in the blade, thereby increasing the temperature of the inner wall of the blade. When the intelligent control device for the inner wall temperature of the blade detects that the temperature reaches the set value, the temperature value of the intelligent control device for the inner wall temperature of the blade is controlled within a constant range by controlling the start and stop of the heater; A first windshield is installed between the blade trailing edge webs at the blade tip position close to the shell; a second windshield is installed between the blade trailing edge webs at the blade root position close to the shell.

2. The high-efficiency blade air-heat deicing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blower and the heater are fixed on a partition, and the partition is sealed and fixed to a flange pre-buried in the leading edge of the blade and the web of the leading edge of the blade through fasteners.

3. The high-efficiency blade air-heat deicing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a system flow intelligent regulating device, which is arranged on the partition.

4. The high-efficiency blade air-heat deicing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a blade inner wall temperature safety control device, which is installed on the blade leading edge web near the heater outlet.

5. The high-efficiency blade air-heat deicing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a heater over-temperature protection device, which is arranged on the heater.

6. The high-efficiency blade air-heat deicing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ice detection device is provided on the outer side of the blade root of the blade.

7. The high-efficiency blade air-heat deicing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric slip ring, a unit control cabinet and a unit power distribution cabinet are installed in the nacelle, the unit control cabinet and the unit power distribution cabinet are both connected to the electric slip ring, and a tower is provided at the lower part of the nacelle; A deicing control module and a power distribution cabinet are provided in the wheel hub, the blower is connected to the deicing control module and the power distribution cabinet, and the deicing control module is connected to an electric slip ring.

8. A high-efficiency blade air-heat deicing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A deicing key area is provided on the leading edge of the blade, and a carbon fiber material with high thermal conductivity is laid on the deicing key area.

9. A high-efficiency blade gas-heat deicing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Thermal insulation coating material or thermal insulation device is laid on the non-deicing key area of ​​the leading edge of the blade, the trailing edge of the blade, the blade tip of the shell and the blade root of the shell. The thermal insulation coating material or thermal insulation device is used to reduce the heat dissipation loss of the blade.

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