Inclinometer tube repair and reconstruction and deep deformation of rock and soil mass automatic monitoring method and device

Abstract

The application relates to a method and device for repairing and reconstructing an inclinometer tube and automatically monitoring deep deformation of a geotechnical body, which can effectively solve the problem that the inclinometer tube is damaged due to excessive deformation and cannot continue to be observed. The method comprises the following steps: checking the inclinometer tube which cannot be artificially observed; cleaning the checked inclinometer tube and re-installing and burying a new inclinometer tube or re-drilling a hole around the original inclinometer tube and burying a new inclinometer tube; lowering, installing and fixing an array displacement meter into the inclinometer tube; installing a data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal; accessing a terminal and logging into a server to mount the array displacement meter; and collecting and monitoring data in real time. The method has the advantages of automatic data collection, wireless transmission, reduced labor cost of traditional artificial observation, human error, accurate and real-time data and early warning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automated monitoring technology for deep deformation of soil and rock masses, and particularly to a method and device for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes and for automatically monitoring deep deformation of soil and rock masses. Background Technology

[0002] The deep deformation (or sliding deformation) of soil and rock masses such as reservoir bank slopes, landslide bodies, spoil heaps, and water conveyance canal slopes in water conservancy and hydropower projects is an important monitoring item in engineering safety monitoring projects. It is also an important basis for determining the amount and direction of deep deformation of soil and rock masses, the location of sliding zone deformation, and further evaluating the overall stability and safety of the geological body.

[0003] To monitor the deep deformation of the soil and rock masses in the geological bodies mentioned above in water conservancy and hydropower projects, monitoring sections are often set up and inclinometer tubes are drilled to monitor the deep soil and rock deformation. Traditional observation methods usually involve manually observing the soil and rock masses by inserting a portable inclinometer deep into the inclinometer tube. However, due to the dispersed and non-centralized monitoring facilities for slopes or landslides in engineering projects, the long canal banks, and the long distances between measuring points, manual observation by hole-by-hole is inefficient, time-consuming, and inconsistent in observation time. Moreover, geological bodies or deposits are prone to subsidence and compression over time, causing excessive compression and deformation of the original inclinometer device. The probe of the portable inclinometer used for manual observation cannot be lowered to the bottom of the inclinometer tube guide groove, resulting in damage to the inclinometer monitoring facilities at the corresponding locations, making it impossible to continue observation and determine the deep soil and rock deformation of the geological body.

[0004] In order to resist large deformations of soil and rock masses, ensure normal operation under complex working conditions, realize automatic acquisition and transmission of inclinometer data, reduce the cost of manual observation and human error, and enable the continued observation of deep deformation of corresponding parts of the geological body, it is necessary to seek a new type of inclinometer monitoring device to solve the shortcomings of traditional inclinometer methods, and to realize the repair and modification of damaged inclinometer equipment and the continued observation of the corresponding parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology mentioned above, and to provide a method for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes and for automatic monitoring of deep deformation of soil and rock masses. This invention solves the problems of existing monitoring devices being unable to withstand large deformations, resulting in device damage and inability to conduct continuous observation, as well as the high cost of traditional manual observation. This invention can effectively repair traditional inclinometer devices, realize the re-continuous observation of deep deformation of geological soil and rock masses, realize the automatic acquisition, transmission, and analysis of data, and obtain deformation monitoring data in real time and efficiently and provide early warning.

[0006] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an apparatus for realizing the method of automatic monitoring of deep deformation of rock and soil for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the objective of this invention is as follows: a method for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes and for automatic monitoring of deep deformation in soil and rock masses, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Inspect the inclinometer tubes that are no longer suitable for manual observation;

[0009] S2. After inspection, clean the inclinometer tube, reinstall and bury a new inclinometer tube, or re-drill holes around the original inclinometer tube and bury a new inclinometer tube.

[0010] S3. Lower and fix the array displacement meter into the inclinometer tube;

[0011] S4. Install the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal, electrically connect the array displacement meter to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal, connect the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal to the power supply, and wirelessly transmit the received data to the server.

[0012] S5. Access the terminal to log in to the server and mount the array displacement meter to collect monitoring data online in real time.

[0013] In S1, the method for inspecting the inclinometer tube is to unfold the array displacement gauge, install pulley blocks on the first and last sections of its measuring unit, lower it into the inclinometer tube to be inspected, check whether it can be lowered to the bottom, and record the depth of the chuck position. If the distance between the chuck position depth and the bottom of the inclinometer tube hole is ≥ L, a new hole is drilled near the original inclinometer tube, and a new inclinometer tube is installed. If the distance between the chuck position depth and the bottom of the inclinometer tube hole is < L, the original inclinometer tube is cleaned, and a new inclinometer tube is installed.

[0014] The L value is taken as 1 / 3 of the depth of the inclined tube hole.

[0015] S2 also includes the step of pouring a concrete base, which is used to install the solar power system.

[0016] Before S3, there are also preparatory steps before the array displacement gauge is lowered; first, according to the depth of the inclinometer tube, select the appropriate total length of the array displacement gauge and the length of a single measuring section, and then, according to the total length of the array displacement gauge, select the appropriate spacing to install the pressing clips on the measuring unit section.

[0017] In S3, the specific steps for installing the array displacement gauge are as follows:

[0018] S3.1 The measuring unit is lowered section by section along the pipe wall using the pulley system on the first section. When it encounters an intermediate section of the measuring unit with a fixed pressing clamp, the extension arm of the pressing clamp is adjusted so that the end of the extension arm is engaged in the cross guide groove inside the inclinometer tube. Then, the remaining intermediate sections of the measuring unit are pressed down into the inclinometer tube one by one using the pressing rod. If the length of the pressing rod is insufficient, it can be extended until the tail section of the measuring unit is lowered into the inclinometer tube. During the lowering of the array displacement gauge, the pulley system on the first section of the measuring unit and the pulley system on the tail section of the measuring unit are aligned in the same direction.

[0019] After the first section of the S3.2 array displacement gauge's measuring unit is fully lowered and touches the bottom, the tail section of the measuring unit is lowered into the inclinometer tube. The tail of the array displacement gauge is fixed and locked using the pulley group on the tail section of the measuring unit to prevent the array displacement gauge from sliding inside the inclinometer tube. The marked direction of the array displacement gauge at this moment is recorded. Then, a fixed pressure cap is installed on the inclinometer tube opening to ensure that the lowered array displacement gauge is fixed inside the inclinometer tube. Combined with the pressure clamp, it ensures that the array displacement gauge and the inclinometer tube deform synchronously.

[0020] In S4, after the array displacement meter is lowered and fixed, the power supply and grounding device are installed. The data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal are electrically connected to the power supply. A pit is dug next to the inclinometer tube, and the grounding device is driven in. After the grounding resistance is tested and meets the requirements, the grounding device connector is led out, and the grounding device is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal.

[0021] In S4, the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal is powered by a solar power system.

[0022] The solar power supply system includes a solar bracket, which is installed on a concrete base. From top to bottom, the solar bracket is equipped with a lightning rod, a solar panel, and a protective box. A data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal, a solar converter, and a battery are installed inside the protective box. An array displacement meter is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal. The solar converter is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal, the solar panel, and the battery, respectively.

[0023] An apparatus for implementing the aforementioned method of inclinometer repair and modification and automatic monitoring of deep deformation in soil and rock masses includes inclinometer drilling and installation equipment, array displacement gauges, a pressing and fixing device, a power supply system, a data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal, and a server. The inclinometer drilling and installation equipment is used to re-drill and install the inclinometer. The array displacement gauges are installed inside the inclinometer via the pressing and fixing device. The data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal is used to collect and transmit displacement information from the array displacement gauges. The data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal is electrically connected to the array displacement gauges. The power supply system is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal. The server is used to receive and store the data information transmitted by the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] By inspecting inclinometer tubes that are no longer suitable for manual observation, cleaning and reinstalling new inclinometer tubes, or drilling new holes around the original inclinometer tubes to install new ones, and then lowering and fixing the array displacement gauge inside the inclinometer tube, a data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal is installed. The terminal accesses the server and connects to the array displacement gauge for real-time online data acquisition and monitoring. This effectively solves the problem of inclinometer tubes being damaged due to excessive deformation, making further observation impossible. It also offers advantages such as automatic data acquisition and wireless transmission, reducing the labor costs and human error associated with traditional manual observation, and providing accurate, real-time data and early warning capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the array displacement meter structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the array displacement is installed inside the inclinometer tube.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition and transmission system of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: Inclinometer tube 12;

[0032] Array displacement gauge 2, lead cable 21, measuring unit tail section 22, measuring unit intermediate section 23, high-strength flexible connecting component 24, measuring unit first section 25;

[0033] 3. Pressing and fixing device; 31. Pulley block; 32. Pressing clip; 33. Pressing cover;

[0034] Power supply system 4, concrete base 41, solar bracket 42, protective box 43, solar panel 44, lightning rod 45, solar converter 46, storage battery 47, grounding device 48;

[0035] 5. Data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal; 6. Server. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] See Figure 1-5 The method for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes and for automatic monitoring of deep deformation in soil and rock masses includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. Inspect the inclinometer tube 12, which is no longer suitable for manual observation;

[0040] S2. Clean the hole of the inclinometer tube 12 after inspection, reinstall and bury a new inclinometer tube 12, or re-drill holes around the original inclinometer tube 12 and bury a new inclinometer tube 12.

[0041] S3. Lower and fix the array displacement meter 2 into the inclinometer tube 12;

[0042] S4. Install the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5, electrically connect the array displacement meter 2 to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5, connect the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5 to the power supply, and wirelessly transmit the received data to the server 6.

[0043] S5. Access the terminal to log in to server 6 and mount array displacement gauge 2 to collect monitoring data online in real time.

[0044] The above method effectively solves the problem of the inclinometer tube 12 being damaged due to excessive deformation, making further observation impossible. The array displacement gauge 2 consists of a lead cable 21, a measuring unit tail section 22, a measuring unit intermediate section 23, a high-strength flexible connecting component 24, and a measuring unit head section 25, capable of resisting large deformations. This method offers advantages such as automatic data acquisition and wireless transmission, reducing the labor costs and human error associated with traditional manual observation, and providing accurate, real-time data with early warning capabilities.

[0045] In S1, the method for inspecting the inclinometer tube 12 is to unfold the array displacement meter 2, install pulley block 31 on its first section 25 and last section 22 of the measuring unit, lower it into the inclinometer tube 12 to be inspected, check whether it can be lowered to the bottom, and record the depth of the lowering position; when the depth of the position of the clamp is ≥L from the bottom of the hole of the inclinometer tube 12, re-drill a hole near the original inclinometer tube 12 and install a new inclinometer tube 12; when the depth of the position of the clamp is <L from the bottom of the hole of the inclinometer tube 12, clean the hole of the original inclinometer tube 12 and re-install a new inclinometer tube 12.

[0046] Preferably, the L value is 1 / 3 of the depth of the inclinometer hole. The L value can also be determined in consultation with the owner after comprehensively considering and evaluating the importance of inclinometer work at the monitoring location, the economics of re-drilling and cleaning the hole, and the feasibility of on-site construction and installation.

[0047] S2 also includes the step of pouring a concrete base 41, which is used to install the solar power system. Specifically, the edge of the pit of the concrete base 41 is parallel to the original hole pier, and the pit size is 60cm×60cm×50m (length×width×height). After the concrete base 41 is poured, it is covered with a film to prevent exposure to the sun, and is regularly watered for curing for a period of time.

[0048] Before S3, there are also preparatory steps before the array displacement meter 2 is lowered; first, according to the hole depth of the inclinometer tube 12, select the appropriate total length of the array displacement meter 2 and the length of a single measuring section, and then, according to the total length of the array displacement meter 2, select the appropriate spacing to fix and install the pressing clip 32 on the measuring unit section.

[0049] Specifically, in S3, the steps for lowering and installing the array displacement gauge 2 are as follows:

[0050] S3.1 Using the pulley block 31 on the first section 25 of the measuring unit, lower it section by section along the pipe wall. When encountering the middle section 23 of the measuring unit with the pressing clamp 32 fixed thereon, adjust the extension arm of the pressing clamp 32 so that the end of the extension arm of the pressing clamp 32 is engaged in the cross guide groove inside the inclinometer tube 12. Then, use the pressing rod to press the remaining middle sections 23 of the measuring unit into the inclinometer tube 12 section by section. If the length of the pressing rod is insufficient, it can be extended until the tail section 22 of the measuring unit is lowered into the inclinometer tube 12. During the lowering of the array displacement gauge 2, the pulley block 31 on the first section 25 of the measuring unit and the pulley block 31 on the tail section 22 of the measuring unit should be aligned. During lowering, it should be pulled back and forth frequently to avoid jamming. It is strictly forbidden to bend or squeeze the array displacement gauge 2 at the orifice.

[0051] After the first section 25 of the measuring unit of the S3.2 array displacement gauge 2 is fully lowered and touches the bottom, the tail section 22 of the measuring unit is lowered into the inclinometer tube 12. The tail of the array displacement gauge 2 is fixed and locked by the pulley group 31 on the tail section 22 to prevent the array displacement gauge 2 from sliding in the inclinometer tube 12. The marked direction of the array displacement gauge 2 at this moment is recorded. Then, the fixed lower pressure cover 33 is installed on the inclinometer tube opening to ensure that the lowered array displacement gauge 2 is fixed in the inclinometer tube 12. The lower pressure cover 33 and the lower pressure clamp 32 work together to ensure that the array displacement gauge 2 and the inclinometer tube 12 deform synchronously.

[0052] In S4, after the array displacement meter 2 is lowered and fixed, the power supply and grounding device 48 is installed, the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5 is electrically connected to the power supply, a pit is dug next to the inclinometer tube 12, the grounding device 48 is driven in, and after the grounding resistance is tested and meets the requirements, the grounding device 48 connector is led out, and the grounding device 48 is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5.

[0053] Preferably, in S4, the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5 is powered by a solar power system, which is suitable for working conditions where it is not convenient to connect to the mains power.

[0054] Specifically, the solar power supply system includes a solar bracket 42, which is mounted on a concrete base 41. From top to bottom, the solar bracket 42 is equipped with a lightning rod 45, a solar panel 44, and a protective box 43. A data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5, a solar converter 46, and a battery 47 are installed inside the protective box 43. The array displacement meter 2 is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5. The solar converter 46 is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5, the solar panel 44, and the battery 47. The exposed lead cable 21 of the array displacement meter 2 is protected by a flexible metal conduit.

[0055] After all facilities are installed, wiring is correctly connected, and the indicator lights on data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5 are functioning normally, log in to the cloud platform or server 6 to mount the array displacement gauge 2. Once completed, real-time online monitoring data can be collected for final data acquisition, viewing, processing, and debugging. After debugging is complete, the system can enter the trial operation phase. Once the entire monitoring system is operating normally, it can enter the operation management phase. Subsequently, access terminals can log in to the cloud platform or server 6 to view monitoring data, understand the deep deformation of the affected area, and assess its operational status. Access terminals include computers, mobile phones, and tablets.

[0056] Example 2:

[0057] An apparatus for implementing the aforementioned method of inclinometer repair and modification and automatic monitoring of deep deformation of soil and rock masses includes inclinometer drilling and installation equipment, array displacement gauge 2, pressing and fixing device 3, power supply system 4, data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5, and server 6. The inclinometer drilling and installation equipment is used to re-drill and install the inclinometer 12. The array displacement gauge 2 is installed inside the inclinometer 12 through the pressing and fixing device 3. The data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5 is used to collect and transmit displacement information of the array displacement gauge 2. The data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5 is electrically connected to the array displacement gauge 2. The power supply system 4 is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5. The server 6 is used to receive and store the data information transmitted by the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5.

[0058] The inclinometer drilling and installation equipment mainly includes a drilling rig and a cleaning device. Both the drilling rig and the cleaning device are existing technologies. The drilling rig is set up at the drilling location to drill vertically downwards to a diameter of 110mm. The drilling depth is determined according to the actual needs of the project. The cleaning device mainly removes waste residue and soil generated during drilling. The inclinometer tube 12 can be made of aluminum alloy or ABS material. Aluminum alloy inclinometer tubes are used when installed on rock slopes, while ABS inclinometer tubes are used when installed on soil slopes. The inclinometer tube 12 is equipped with caps for protection at the opening and bottom. Four evenly distributed guide grooves are provided axially on the inner wall of the inclinometer tube 12 to facilitate the lowering of the array displacement gauge 2 after installation.

[0059] See Figure 2 The array displacement gauge 2 consists of a lead cable 21, a measuring unit tail section 22, a measuring unit intermediate section 23, a high-strength flexible connecting component 24, and a measuring unit head section 25. The array displacement gauge 2 is composed of a series of continuously connected MEMS accelerometers. Data management software can process the data measured by the sensors to obtain the spatial morphology of each unit section along the direction of gravity, thereby enabling the monitoring of the tilt and deformation of the target object. The high-strength flexible connecting component 24 is made of a flexible material with a tensile strength of approximately 0.5 MPa, capable of withstanding significant stress and deformation. Both ends of the high-strength flexible connecting component 24 are tightly connected to the measuring unit sections. The lead cable 21 extends from the measuring unit tail section 22 and is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5. The lead cable 21 is protected by an outer metal flexible conduit.

[0060] See Figure 3 The pressing and fixing device 3 includes a pulley block 31, a pressing clamp 32, a pressing cover 33, and a pressing rod. The pulley block 31 is installed on the tail section 22 and the head section 25 of the measuring unit of the array displacement meter 2. There is a pulley on each side of the tail section 22 and the head section 25 of the measuring unit. The pulleys are in contact with the inner wall of the inclinometer tube 12 to facilitate pushing the array displacement meter 2 into the inclinometer tube 12. The pressing clamp 32 is installed on the middle section 23 of the measuring unit. See [reference needed]. Figure 4 The lowering clamp 32 has a hollow center and externally fixed extension arms. The hollow part is locked to the array displacement gauge 2 with a snap-fit ​​mechanism. The ends of the four external extension arms are respectively engaged in the four guide slots of the inclinometer tube 12 to ensure that the array displacement gauge 2 deforms synchronously with the inclinometer tube 12. The lowering cover 33 is installed on the top of the inclinometer tube 12 and wedged into the inclinometer tube 12 orifice protection device to ensure that the lowered array displacement gauge 2 can be fixed inside the inclinometer tube. The lowering rod is used during the lowering of the array displacement gauge 2. It acts on the lowering clamp 32 to lower the array displacement gauge 2 section by section until it reaches the bottom of the inclinometer tube 12. The tail of the lowering rod is threaded, which can be used to add rods and extend the length of the lowering rod.

[0061] See Figure 1The power supply system 4 includes a solar bracket 42, a solar panel 44, a lightning rod 45, a solar converter 46, and a battery 47. The solar bracket 42 is installed on a concrete base 41. From top to bottom, the solar bracket 42 is equipped with a lightning rod 45, a solar panel 44, and a protective box 43. The data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5, the solar converter 46, and the battery 47 are installed inside the protective box 43. The array displacement meter 2 is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5. The solar converter 46 is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5, the solar panel 44, and the battery 47.

[0062] A concrete base 41 is poured into a pit next to the borehole pier of the inclinometer tube 12, with the edge of the pit parallel to the existing borehole pier. After the base has been continuously cured and reached a certain strength, solar panel brackets 42, solar panels 44, protective boxes 43, etc., are installed on the surface of the base. After all the equipment is installed, the base is painted yellow for protection. A storage battery 47 stores electrical energy as a backup power source.

[0063] The data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5 can realize data acquisition, conversion, storage, and data upload functions. The device includes a data converter, a data logger, and a data transmitter. The data converter completes the stable conversion of signal and power of the array displacement meter 2. The data logger completes the acquisition, analysis, and storage of raw data from the array displacement meter 2. The data transmitter can transmit the converted and analyzed data back to the cloud platform or server 6 through an external antenna, supporting 4G / 5G full network communication (backward compatible with 2G / 3G). When there is no signal in the working environment, the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5 can also be connected to a portable laptop through a data transmission cable for local data acquisition and storage. Preferably, the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5 can use the HC-NBT100 integrated data acquisition unit from Shanghai Huace Chuangshi Measurement and Control Technology Co., Ltd.

[0064] Server 6 can be a cloud platform or a self-built server to receive data transmitted from the on-site integrated data acquisition instrument. Users can log in to the cloud platform or self-built server system to view and manage the data through access terminals such as computers, mobile phones, and tablets.

[0065] The present invention relates to a method and device for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes and for automatically monitoring deep deformation of soil and rock masses. It can modify and utilize the original borehole location or drill a new borehole location next to it. A fixed array displacement meter 2 is installed in the inclinometer tube 12 and connected to a solar power supply device, a data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal 5. This enables the automatic timed acquisition and wireless transmission of inclinometer data. The device can also log in to a cloud platform or a self-built server to view monitoring data charts, understand and grasp the development of deep deformation in the location, analyze and judge its operating status, discover problems, provide timely warnings, and ensure safety.

Claims

1. A method for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes and for automatic monitoring of deep deformation in soil and rock masses, characterized by: Includes the following steps: S1. Inspect the inclinometer tube (12) that can no longer be manually observed; S2. Clean the hole of the inclinometer tube (12) after inspection, reinstall and bury a new inclinometer tube (12), or re-drill holes around the original inclinometer tube (12) and bury a new inclinometer tube (12). S3. Lower and fix the array displacement meter (2) into the inclinometer tube (12); S4. Install the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal (5), electrically connect the array displacement meter (2) to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal (5), connect the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal (5) to the power supply, and wirelessly transmit the received data to the server (6). S5. Access the terminal to log in to the server (6) and mount the array displacement meter (2) to collect monitoring data in real time; In S1, the method for inspecting the inclinometer tube (12) is to unfold the array displacement meter (2), install pulley group (31) on the first section (25) and the last section (22) of its measuring unit, lower it into the inclinometer tube (12) to be inspected, check whether it can be lowered to the bottom, and record the depth of the lowering position of the chuck; when the distance between the depth of the chuck position and the bottom of the hole of the inclinometer tube (12) is ≥ L, drill a new hole near the original inclinometer tube (12) and install a new inclinometer tube (12); when the distance between the depth of the chuck position and the bottom of the hole of the inclinometer tube (12) is < L, clean the original inclinometer tube (12) and reinstall a new inclinometer tube (12).

2. The method for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes and for automatic monitoring of deep deformation in soil and rock masses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The L value is taken as 1 / 3 of the depth of the inclined tube hole.

3. The method for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes and for automatic monitoring of deep deformation in soil and rock masses according to claim 1, characterized in that: S2 also includes the step of pouring a concrete base (41) for installing the solar power system.

4. The method for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes and for automatic monitoring of deep deformation in soil and rock masses according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before S3, there are also preparation steps before the array displacement meter (2) is lowered; first, according to the hole depth of the inclinometer tube (12), select the appropriate total length of the array displacement meter (2) and the length of the single measuring section, and then according to the total length of the array displacement meter (2), select the appropriate spacing to install the pressing clip (32) on the measuring unit section.

5. The method for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes and for automatic monitoring of deep deformation in soil and rock masses according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the specific steps for lowering and installing the array displacement gauge (2) are as follows: S3.1 The pulley group (31) on the first section (25) of the measuring unit is lowered down section by section along the pipe wall. When the middle section (23) of the measuring unit with the pressing clamp (32) is encountered, the extension arm of the pressing clamp (32) is adjusted so that the end of the extension arm of the pressing clamp (32) is inserted into the cross guide groove in the inclinometer tube (12). Then, the remaining middle sections (23) of the measuring unit are pressed down and placed into the inclinometer tube (12) section by section using the pressing rod. If the length of the pressing rod is not enough, it can be extended until the tail section (22) of the measuring unit is lowered into the inclinometer tube (12). During the process of lowering the array displacement gauge (2), the pulley group (31) on the first section (25) of the measuring unit and the pulley group (31) on the tail section (22) of the measuring unit are aligned. After the first section (25) of the measuring unit of the S3.2 array displacement meter (2) is completely lowered and touches the bottom, the tail section (22) of the measuring unit is lowered into the inclinometer tube (12). The tail of the array displacement meter (2) is fixed by the pulley group (31) on the tail section (22) and locked to prevent the array displacement meter (2) from sliding in the inclinometer tube (12). The marking direction of the array displacement meter (2) at this moment is recorded. Then, the fixed lower pressure cover (33) is installed on the inclinometer tube (12) to ensure that the lowered array displacement meter (2) is fixed in the inclinometer tube (12). The lower pressure cover (33) and the lower pressure clamp (32) work together to ensure that the array displacement meter (2) and the inclinometer tube (12) deform synchronously.

6. The method for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes and for automatic monitoring of deep deformation in rock and soil as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, after the array displacement meter (2) is lowered and fixed, the power supply and grounding device (48) is installed, the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal (5) is electrically connected to the power supply, a pit is dug next to the inclinometer tube (12), the grounding device (48) is driven in, and after the grounding resistance is tested and meets the requirements, the grounding device (48) connector is led out, and the grounding device (48) is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal (5).

7. The method for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes and for automatic monitoring of deep deformation of soil and rock masses according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: In S4, the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal (5) is powered by a solar power system.

8. The method for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes and for automatic monitoring of deep deformation in soil and rock masses according to claim 7, characterized in that: The solar power supply system includes a solar bracket (42), which is installed on a concrete base (41). The solar bracket (42) is equipped with a lightning rod (45), a solar panel (44), and a protective box (43) from top to bottom. The data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal (5), the solar converter (46), and the battery (47) are installed inside the protective box (43). The array displacement meter (2) is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal (5). The solar converter (46) is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal, the solar panel (44), and the battery (47) respectively.

9. An apparatus for implementing the method for repairing and modifying inclinometer tubes and for automatically monitoring deep deformation of soil and rock masses as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The device includes a drilling and installation equipment for inclinometer tubes, an array displacement meter (2), a pressing and fixing device (3), a power supply system (4), a data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal (5), and a server (6). The drilling and installation equipment for inclinometer tubes is used to re-drill and install inclinometer tubes (12). The array displacement meter (2) is installed inside the inclinometer tube (12) through the pressing and fixing device (3). The data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal (5) is used to collect and send displacement information of the array displacement meter (2). The data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal (5) is electrically connected to the array displacement meter (2). The power supply system (4) is electrically connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal (5). The server (6) is used to receive and store data information sent by the data acquisition and wireless transmission terminal (5).

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