A multi-functional cabin for a wind turbine model

Abstract

This invention discloses a multifunctional nacelle for a wind turbine model, relating to the field of floating wind turbine model testing. It includes a servo motor, fiber optic slip rings, a torque sensor, a yaw mechanism, a six-degree-of-freedom sensor, an independent pitch mechanism, an accelerometer, and a gear transmission system. The servo motor drives the nacelle rotor to rotate via the gear transmission system. The fiber optic slip rings adhere a first strain gauge to the blades through fiber optic slip ring channels to monitor blade loads in real time. The torque sensor measures the magnitude of the torque load on the upper part of the wind turbine. The yaw mechanism adjusts the nacelle's orientation in real time according to wind direction. The six-degree-of-freedom sensor measures the force at its installation position through changes in the second strain gauge. The independent pitch mechanism is installed in the middle of the nacelle to change the blade pitch angle in real time. The accelerometer measures the magnitude of acceleration on the upper part of the wind turbine. This invention realizes the yaw, speed change, and pitch functions of a wind turbine at the model scale, providing excellent technical support for the design and testing of floating wind turbines.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of model test of floating wind turbine, and particularly relates to a multifunctional nacelle of wind turbine model. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing depletion of traditional fossil energy and the enhancement of people's environmental awareness, clean and environmentally friendly renewable energy is more and more widely concerned by countries around the world. Wind energy is one of the most commercially promising resource forms in renewable energy. Due to the advantages of large wind speed, stable wind field, wide development space, less visual pollution, and far away from the coastal population-dense areas, wind turbines gradually develop from land and near-shore areas to the ocean. However, with the increase of water depth, the cost of fixed wind turbines increases dramatically, and floating wind turbines will become the direction of future development. However, under the combined action of wind, wave and current, the motion response of floating wind turbines is much more complex than that of fixed wind turbines, which forms a challenge for the development and performance evaluation method of floating wind turbines. Therefore, how to carry out a relatively accurate pool model test to verify various numerical calculation methods is an important problem.

[0003] On modern large wind turbines, various control and monitoring devices are integrated. The yaw mechanism is used to quickly and smoothly align the wind direction so that the wind wheel can obtain the maximum wind energy; the variable speed mechanism is used to control the wind wheel speed to improve the wind energy utilization rate; the variable pitch control system is used to improve the output power and reduce the structural load. The motion, load and stress monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the wind turbine load in real time to prevent damage and the like. How to accurately restore the above control / monitoring devices and their operation mechanism in the floating wind turbine pool model test is a key problem to be solved in the current floating wind turbine model test technology.

[0004] At present, there is no floating wind turbine model test nacelle that can integrate multiple control and monitoring functions, which greatly limits the test capacity and reliability of the floating wind turbine model test.

[0005] Therefore, the skilled in the art is committed to developing a wind turbine model multifunctional nacelle. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to simultaneously integrate yaw, variable speed and variable pitch control systems in the floating wind turbine nacelle model, improve the pool model test technology of floating wind turbines, and provide a test scheme for the optimization of large floating wind turbines in the future.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a multifunctional nacelle of wind turbine model, characterized in that the nacelle comprises a servo motor, an optical fiber slip ring, a torque sensor, a yaw mechanism, a six-degree-of-freedom sensor, an independent variable pitch mechanism, an acceleration sensor and a gear transmission system, wherein,

[0008] The servo motor is fixed at the front end of the nacelle, and the rotation of the servo motor is transmitted to the main shaft of the nacelle through the gear transmission system, so as to drive the rotation of the wind turbine rotor shaft of the nacelle.

[0009] The optical fiber slip ring extends forward through the hole of the main shaft and the optical fiber slip ring hole in the middle of the nacelle, and the first strain gauge is bonded on the blade to monitor the load of the blade in real time.

[0010] The torque sensor is installed on the nacelle metal frame near the front of the servo motor to measure the torque load of the upper part of the wind turbine.

[0011] The yaw mechanism is installed at the lowermost position of the nacelle, and adjusts the direction of the nacelle in real time according to the wind direction.

[0012] The six-degree-of-freedom sensor is installed at the middle and lower part of the nacelle, and the force measuring surface of the six-degree-of-freedom sensor is at the upper part of the six-degree-of-freedom sensor, and the force of the installation position is measured by the change of the second strain gauge.

[0013] The independent variable pitch mechanism is installed in the middle of the nacelle to change the pitch angle of the blade in real time.

[0014] The acceleration sensor is installed at the side of the nacelle support frame to measure the acceleration of the upper part of the wind turbine, so as to realize the measurement of the motion data of the wind turbine.

[0015] Further, the front end of the servo motor is fixed on the nacelle through the positioning screw hole, and connected with the first coupling through the key groove, the first coupling is connected with the first end of the torque sensor, and the second end of the torque sensor is connected with the gear transmission system through the second coupling.

[0016] Further, the end of the servo motor is connected with the upper computer through the data line, and the rotation speed of the servo motor is adjusted in real time through the upper computer, so as to adjust the rotation speed of the wind turbine in real time.

[0017] Further, the yaw mechanism includes a steering engine, a motor frame and a flange plate, the flange plate is installed on the motor frame, the upper part of the flange plate is connected with the six-degree-of-freedom sensor, and the steering engine can drive the nacelle installed on the upper part of the steering engine to rotate.

[0018] Further, the six-degree-of-freedom sensor is connected with the nacelle support frame through the positioning bolt, and the nacelle support frame is fixed on the main body of the nacelle through the side screw hole.

[0019] Furthermore, the independent pitch mechanism is a mechanical independent pitch mechanism, which is installed on the electric push rod support frame and the electric push rod fixing frame. The electric push rod support frame and the electric push rod fixing frame are fastened to the main body of the nacelle by bolts.

[0020] Furthermore, the independent pitch mechanism includes an electric push rod, a pitch actuator, a pitch drive disk, a pitch driven disk, a blade root disk pitch rocker arm, and a blade root disk; wherein, one end of the electric push rod is fixed to the electric push rod mounting bracket, and the other end of the electric push rod is fixed to the pitch drive disk by ball head bolts; one end of the pitch actuator is connected to the pitch drive disk, and the other end of the pitch actuator is fixed to the blade root disk pitch rocker arm by bolts; the pitch rocker arm is welded to the blade root disk; the pitch drive disk and the pitch driven disk are connected by bearings and can rotate around the main shaft, driving the pitch actuator to move during rotation.

[0021] Furthermore, the electric push rod is connected to the control board via a data cable. The host computer sends a command to cause the electric push rod to move. The movement of the electric push rod drives the pitch drive disk to rotate, and drives the pitch push rod to move back and forth, causing the blade root disk to rotate and changing the blade pitch angle.

[0022] Furthermore, the number of the electric push rod and the pitch push rod is set to 3.

[0023] Furthermore, the blade root plate is provided with positioning screw holes, which are used to install the blades of the wind turbine model.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0025] 1. This invention utilizes electric actuators, motors, and servo motors to centrally realize the yaw, speed change, and pitch control functions of a wind turbine at the model scale, thereby improving the control capability of floating wind turbines at the model scale, enhancing the technical capability and accuracy of pool model testing, and providing good technical support for the design and experimental verification of floating wind turbines.

[0026] 2. This invention designs connections with sensors at different locations in the nacelle to measure the load and motion of the nacelle. At the same time, the fiber optic slip ring mechanism can monitor the blade load, which improves the load monitoring capability of the floating wind turbine nacelle at the model scale and provides good data support for the optimized design of the floating wind turbine.

[0027] The following will further explain the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features, and effects of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a side view of the nacelle of a floating wind turbine model according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a front view of the nacelle of a floating wind turbine model according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a top view of the nacelle of a floating wind turbine model according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a servo motor installation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber installation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the torque sensor installation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the yaw mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a six-degree-of-freedom sensor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of an independent pitch mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of an acceleration sensor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Among them, 1-servo motor, 11-coupling, 12-motor positioning screw hole, 2-fiber optic slip ring, 21-fiber optic slip ring channel, 22-spindle, 3-torque sensor, 31-torque sensor positioning screw hole, 32-nacelle metal frame, 4-yaw mechanism, 41-servo motor, 42-motor frame, 43-flange, 5-six-degree-of-freedom sensor, 51-nacelle support frame, 52-six-degree-of-freedom sensor positioning screw hole, 53-nacelle support frame positioning screw hole, 6-independent pitch mechanism, 61-electric pushrod, 62-pitch pushrod, 63-pitch drive disc, 64-pitch driven disc, 65-blade root disc pitch rocker arm, 66-blade root disc, 67-electric pushrod support frame, 68-electric pushrod fixing frame, 7-accelerometer, 8-gear transmission system. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates several preferred embodiments of the present invention to make its technical content clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.

[0040] In the accompanying drawings, components with the same structure are indicated by the same numerical designation, and components with similar structures or functions are indicated by similar numerical designations. The dimensions and thicknesses of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrary, and the present invention does not limit the dimensions and thicknesses of each component. To make the illustrations clearer, the thickness of some components has been appropriately exaggerated in the drawings.

[0041] like Figures 1-3 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-functional nacelle for a wind turbine model, including a servo motor 1, a fiber optic slip ring 2, a torque sensor 3, a yaw mechanism 4, a six-degree-of-freedom sensor 5, an independent pitch mechanism 6, an acceleration sensor 7, and a gear transmission system 8; wherein,

[0042] The front end of the servo motor 1 is fixed on the multi-functional nacelle of the wind turbine model. Through the gear transmission system 8, the rotation of the servo motor 1 is transmitted to the main shaft of the nacelle, which drives the wind turbine shaft of the nacelle to rotate.

[0043] The fiber optic slip ring 2 extends forward through the channel of the main shaft and the fiber optic slip ring channel 21 in the middle of the nacelle, and attaches the first strain gauge to the blade. The first strain gauge monitors the load on the blade in real time.

[0044] The torque sensor 3 is mounted on the nacelle metal frame 32 near the front of the servo motor 1 to measure the torque load on the upper part of the wind turbine.

[0045] The yaw mechanism 4 is installed at the bottom of the cabin and adjusts the cabin's orientation in real time according to the wind direction.

[0046] The six-degree-of-freedom sensor 5 is installed in the lower middle part of the cabin. The force measuring surface of the six-degree-of-freedom sensor 5 is on the upper part of the six-degree-of-freedom sensor 5. The magnitude of the force at the installation position is measured by the change of the second strain gauge.

[0047] The independent pitch mechanism 6 is installed in the middle of the nacelle to change the blade pitch angle in real time.

[0048] Accelerometer 7 is installed on the side of the nacelle support frame 51 to measure the magnitude of acceleration at the top of the wind turbine, thereby measuring the wind turbine's motion data.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, by designing connection parts with various sensors at different locations in the nacelle, the load and motion of the nacelle can be measured in real time, and the blade load can be monitored through the designed fiber optic slip ring mechanism, thereby improving the load monitoring capability of the floating wind turbine nacelle at the model scale and providing good data support for the optimized design of the floating wind turbine.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, the servo motor 1 of the multi-functional nacelle of the wind turbine model provided in this embodiment of the invention is installed. The front end of the servo motor 1 is fixed to the nacelle through four motor positioning screw holes 12 and connected to the coupling 11 through a keyway. The two are fixed together with a tightening screw. The coupling 11 is also connected to one end of the torque sensor 3. Finally, it is connected to the gear transmission system 8 through another coupling to transmit the rotation of the servo motor 1 to the wind turbine shaft. At the same time, the end of the servo motor 1 is connected to the computer through a data cable. By inputting the motor speed into the computer, the wind turbine speed can be changed in real time.

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown in the schematic diagram of the fiber optic installation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fiber optic slip ring 2 extends forward from back to front through the channel of the main shaft 22 and the fiber optic slip ring channel 21 in the middle of the wind turbine model nacelle, and then strain gauges are bonded to the blades so that the load on the blades is not affected by the rotation of the wind turbine.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the torque sensor 3 is installed on the nacelle metal frame 32 near the front of the servo motor 1 through the torque sensor positioning screw hole 31 to measure the torque load on the upper part of the wind turbine.

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the yaw mechanism 4 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is installed at the bottom of the model cabin. The yaw mechanism 4 is composed of a servo motor 41, a motor frame 42 and a flange 43. The flange 43 is connected to the upper six-degree-of-freedom sensor. The servo motor 41 can drive the upper cabin to rotate and can adjust the direction of the cabin in real time according to the wind direction.

[0054] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the installation diagram of the six-degree-of-freedom sensor 5 in a preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: The six-degree-of-freedom sensor 5 is installed in the lower middle part of the model cabin and is connected to the cabin support frame 51 through the six-degree-of-freedom sensor positioning screw hole 52. The cabin support frame 51 is then fixed to the cabin body through the cabin support frame positioning screw hole 53. The force measuring surface of the six-degree-of-freedom sensor 5 is on the upper part of the instrument, and the magnitude of the force at that point is measured by the change of the strain gauge.

[0055] like Figure 9As shown in the diagram, the independent pitch mechanism 6 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is located in the middle of the model cabin and is mounted on the electric push rod support frame 67 and the electric push rod fixing frame 68. Both are bolted to the cabin body to ensure the stability of the mechanical independent pitch mechanism 6. The mechanical independent pitch mechanism 6 mainly consists of three electric push rods 61, three pitch push rods 62, a pitch drive plate 63, a pitch driven plate 64, a blade root plate pitch rocker arm 65, and a blade root plate 66. The electric push rods 61 are connected to the Arduino control board via data cables, enabling automatic control. Commands can be sent from the computer to cause the three electric push rods 61 to move. The other end is fixed to the pitch drive plate 63 with ball head bolts. Different displacement combinations place the pitch drive plate 63 in different postures. The pitch driven plate 64 is connected to the pitch drive plate 63 via bearings and can rotate around the main shaft 22, driving the pitch push rods 62 to move during rotation. The pitch actuator 62 is bolted to the blade root disk pitch rocker arm 65, which in turn is welded to the blade root disk 66. Therefore, the forward and backward movement of the pitch actuator 62 can drive the rotation of the blade root disk 66, thereby changing the blade pitch angle. The blade root disk 66 is equipped with positioning screw holes for mounting model blades.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the independent pitch mechanism 6 may be a mechanical independent pitch mechanism.

[0057] like Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the acceleration sensor 7 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is installed on the side of the nacelle support frame 51. The two can be tightly fixed with foam adhesive to measure the magnitude of the acceleration of the upper part of the wind turbine and realize the measurement of the wind turbine motion data.

[0058] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in view of the lack of integrated control systems for yaw, speed change and pitch control on floating wind turbine nacelle models in the prior art, the preferred embodiments utilize electric push rods, motors and servo motors to centrally realize the yaw, speed change and pitch control functions of the wind turbine at the model scale, thereby improving the control capability of the floating wind turbine at the model scale, enhancing the technical capability and accuracy of pool model testing, and providing good technical support for the design and experimental verification of floating wind turbines.

[0059] In some other preferred embodiments of the present invention, in view of the lack of monitoring functions such as nacelle load, motion and blade load in the prior art, the present invention cleverly designs connecting parts at different positions of the nacelle to connect with force measuring instruments to measure the load and motion of the nacelle. At the same time, a cleverly designed fiber optic slip ring mechanism can monitor the blade load, which improves the load monitoring capability of the floating wind turbine nacelle at the model scale and provides good data support for the optimized design of the floating wind turbine.

[0060] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-functional nacelle for a model floating wind turbine, characterized in that, The cabin includes a servo motor, an optical fiber slip ring, a torque sensor, a yaw mechanism, a six-degree-of-freedom sensor, an independent variable pitch mechanism, an acceleration sensor and a gear transmission system, The front end of the servo motor is fixed on the cabin, and the rotation of the servo motor is transmitted to the main shaft of the cabin through the gear transmission system, so as to drive the rotation of the wind wheel rotating shaft of the cabin; The optical fiber slip ring extends forward through the hole of the main shaft and the optical fiber slip ring hole in the middle of the cabin, and the first strain gauge is bonded on the blade to monitor the load of the blade in real time; The torque sensor is installed on the metal frame of the cabin near the front of the servo motor to measure the torque load of the upper part of the wind turbine. The yaw mechanism is installed at the lowermost position of the cabin to adjust the direction of the cabin in real time according to the wind direction. The six-degree-of-freedom sensor is installed at the middle and lower part of the cabin, and the force measuring surface of the six-degree-of-freedom sensor is at the upper part of the six-degree-of-freedom sensor. The force measuring surface measures the force of the installation position through the change of the second strain gauge. The independent variable pitch mechanism is installed in the middle of the cabin to change the pitch angle of the blade in real time. The acceleration sensor is installed at the side of the cabin support frame to measure the acceleration of the upper part of the wind turbine and realize the measurement of the motion data of the wind turbine. The independent variable pitch mechanism is a mechanical independent variable pitch mechanism, which is installed on the electric push rod support frame and the electric push rod fixed frame. The independent variable pitch mechanism includes an electric push rod, a variable pitch push rod, a variable pitch driving disc, a variable pitch driven disc, a blade root disc variable pitch rocker arm and a blade root disc. One end of the electric push rod is fixed on the electric push rod fixed frame, and the other end of the electric push rod is fixed on the variable pitch driving disc through a ball head bolt. One end of the variable pitch push rod is connected to the variable pitch driving disc, and the other end of the variable pitch push rod is fixed on the blade root disc variable pitch rocker arm through a bolt. The variable pitch rocker arm is welded on the blade root disc. The variable pitch driving disc and the variable pitch driven disc are connected through bearings and can rotate around the main shaft. During rotation, the variable pitch push rod moves. The electric push rod is connected to the control board through a data line. The electric push rod is displaced by sending a command from the upper computer. The movement of the electric push rod drives the rotation of the variable pitch driving disc and the forward and backward movement of the variable pitch push rod, so as to rotate the blade root disc and change the pitch angle of the blade.

2. The multi-functional nacelle according to claim 1, characterized by, The front end of the servo motor is fixed on the cabin through a positioning screw hole, and is connected to the first coupling through a key groove. The first coupling is connected to the first end of the torque sensor. The second end of the torque sensor is connected to the gear transmission system through a second coupling.

3. The multi-functional nacelle according to claim 2, characterized by, The end of the servo motor is connected to the upper computer through a data line. The rotation speed of the servo motor is adjusted in real time through the upper computer, and the rotation speed of the wind wheel is adjusted in real time.

4. The multi-functional nacelle according to claim 1, characterized by, The yaw mechanism includes a rudder, a motor frame and a flange. The flange is installed on the motor frame. The upper part of the flange is connected to the six-degree-of-freedom sensor. The rudder can drive the cabin installed on the upper part of the rudder to rotate.

5. The multi-functional nacelle according to claim 1, characterized by, The six-degree-of-freedom sensor is connected to the cabin support frame through a positioning bolt. The cabin support frame is fixed on the main body of the cabin through a side screw hole.

6. The multi-functional nacelle according to claim 1, characterized by, The number of the electric push rod and the variable pitch push rod is set to three.

7. The multi-functional nacelle according to claim 1, characterized by, The blade root disc is provided with a positioning screw hole, which is used for mounting the blade of the wind turbine model.

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