Dynamic measurement system and method for online calibration and compensation

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a dynamic measurement system with online calibration and compensation, comprising: an online calibration subsystem for online calibration of dynamic characteristics of the dynamic measurement system during calibration to obtain a transfer function of the dynamic measurement system; and an online compensation measurement subsystem for compensation and correction of original dynamic signals using the transfer function during actual measurement. The two subsystems share three modules of measurement sensors, data acquisition and display output. The dynamic measurement system realizes integration of three links of calibration, measurement and compensation, improves sharing rate of hardware and data switching efficiency in the three links, and can greatly improve measurement efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of dynamic measurement in the power electronics industry, and in particular to a dynamic measurement system and method for three-dimensional flow fields of turbomachinery such as aero engines and gas turbines. Background Technology

[0002] Dynamic measurement technology has wide applications in research, design, production, testing, and maintenance across various industries. It plays a particularly crucial role in the research and design of three-dimensional flow fields in turbomachinery such as aero-engines and gas turbines, providing detailed flow field data and optimizing designs. The performance indicators of dynamic measurement technology can be divided into two aspects: firstly, the static characteristics of the sensor, such as linearity, sensitivity, resolution, and stability; and secondly, the dynamic characteristics of the entire measurement system, including the probe structure, primarily the system's frequency response characteristics and dynamic errors, which depend on the type of measurement system.

[0003] Traditional sensor manufacturers typically include standard calibration reports with their products for users to use when processing measurement data. However, in actual measurement processes, due to the need to install the measurement system in demanding environments, additional structures must be introduced. For example, a dedicated support structure must be designed for the sensor. In environments with vibration and contaminants, protective mechanisms must be installed for certain easily damaged dynamic sensors. When measuring high-temperature fluids, to avoid sensor temperature drift, the sensor needs to be placed away from the high-temperature measurement environment, and the measured signal is transmitted through a pressure-sensing cavity. In environments with very confined measurement spaces, the signal must also be transmitted to a remotely placed sensor through a pressure-sensing cavity. Due to the introduction of these additional mechanisms, a detailed calibration of the dynamic measurement system is necessary before use, including calibration of the static and dynamic characteristics of the sensor and the entire measurement system. Measurements can only be performed after confirming that all indicators of the measurement system meet the requirements of the measured flow field. If the deviation between the measured value and the true value is significant due to the introduction of various additional structures in the measurement system, corresponding compensation and correction are required.

[0004] Currently, the calibration and compensation of dynamic measurement systems are independent of the actual measurement process. Calibration is performed before measurement, and necessary compensation and correction are applied to the measurement data afterward. This independence stems from two main reasons: first, calibration requires standard reference signals and processing programs, typically necessitating a separate calibration system; second, compensation and correction of measurement data require complex data analysis programs, especially when dynamic transfer functions are involved, making the process cumbersome. However, this independence introduces several problems: first, the measurement process requires switching between hardware and data on three platforms, significantly reducing efficiency; second, differences between the calibration and measurement environments introduce new errors, reducing accuracy; and third, measured values ​​cannot be directly displayed at the test site, hindering timely adjustments in case of operational errors leading to non-compliance, resulting in rework and significant delays. Currently, there is no complete integrated solution to address these issues; the best approach is to improve the seamless integration of the three stages and minimize operational errors.

[0005] Public content

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0007] This disclosure provides a dynamic measurement system and method for online calibration and compensation, which at least partially solves the technical problems mentioned above.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution

[0009] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a dynamic measurement system for online calibration and compensation is provided, comprising:

[0010] An online calibration subsystem is used to calibrate the dynamic characteristics of a dynamic measurement system online during the calibration process, obtaining the transfer function of the dynamic measurement system; and

[0011] The online compensation measurement subsystem is used to compensate and correct the original dynamic signal using the transfer function during the actual measurement process, so as to obtain the compensated and corrected measurement result value.

[0012] The online calibration subsystem and the online compensation measurement subsystem share the same measurement sensor.

[0013] The online calibration subsystem also includes:

[0014] A reference sensor is used to provide input signals for the online calibration of the dynamic characteristics of a dynamic measurement system;

[0015] In the online calibration subsystem, the measurement sensor is used to provide an output signal for the online calibration of the dynamic characteristics of the dynamic measurement system.

[0016] In the online compensation measurement subsystem, the measurement sensor is used to measure the object under test and provide the original dynamic signal for the online compensation measurement subsystem.

[0017] The online calibration subsystem and the online compensation measurement subsystem share a data acquisition module;

[0018] In the online calibration subsystem, the data acquisition module is used to acquire dynamic signals transmitted from the reference sensor and the measurement sensor;

[0019] In the online compensation measurement subsystem, the data acquisition module is used to acquire dynamic signals transmitted from the measurement sensors.

[0020] The online calibration subsystem and the online compensation measurement subsystem share a display output module, wherein:

[0021] In the online calibration subsystem, the display output module is used to display and store the calibration process and calculation results of the transfer function;

[0022] In the online compensation subsystem, the display output module is used to display and store the original dynamic signal, the online compensation process, and the compensated signal.

[0023] The online calibration subsystem further includes:

[0024] The online calibration module is used to dynamically analyze the reference sensor signal and the measurement sensor signal acquired by the data acquisition module, and calculate the functional relationship between them, which is the transfer function of the dynamic measurement system. The transfer function is used to compensate the online compensation process of the measurement subsystem.

[0025] The transfer function module is used to store the final result of dynamic calibration and transmit it to the online compensation module and the display output module.

[0026] The online compensation measurement subsystem also includes:

[0027] The online compensation module is used to obtain the compensated and corrected measurement result value through the transfer function obtained during the calibration process, and transmit it to the display output module for direct display, storage and output.

[0028] According to another aspect of this disclosure, an online calibration and compensation method is provided, which employs the aforementioned dynamic measurement system, comprising:

[0029] Before conducting actual measurements, the online calibration subsystem is first activated to calibrate the dynamic characteristics, i.e., the transfer function, of the dynamic measurement system online. The transfer function is used to compensate the online compensation process of the measurement subsystem.

[0030] The display output module displays and stores the calibration process and calculation results of the transfer function for subsequent data output.

[0031] After the online calibration subsystem finishes running, it is shut down, and the online compensation measurement subsystem is turned on to start measuring the object under test. The online compensation module uses the transfer function of the dynamic measurement system to compensate and correct the original dynamic signal output by the data acquisition module, and transmits the compensated signal to the display output module.

[0032] The display output module displays and stores the original dynamic signal, the online compensation process, and the compensated signal for subsequent data output processing.

[0033] The online calibration subsystem operation includes the following steps:

[0034] The reference sensor and the measuring sensor work simultaneously. The reference sensor provides the input signal to the online calibration subsystem, while the measuring sensor provides the output signal to the online calibration subsystem.

[0035] The data acquisition module collects dynamic signals transmitted from the reference sensor and the measurement sensor;

[0036] The online calibration module dynamically analyzes the reference sensor signal and the measurement sensor signal acquired by the data acquisition module, and calculates the functional relationship between them, which is the transfer function of the dynamic measurement system. The transfer function is used to compensate the online compensation process of the online measurement subsystem.

[0037] The transfer function module stores the final result obtained from dynamic calibration and transmits it to the online compensation module and the display output module.

[0038] The online compensation measurement subsystem includes the following steps during operation:

[0039] The measurement sensor measures the measurand, providing the raw dynamic signal for the online compensation measurement subsystem;

[0040] The data acquisition module collects the raw dynamic signals transmitted from the measurement sensors.

[0041] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0042] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the online calibration and compensation dynamic measurement system of this disclosure has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0043] (1) By incorporating two subsystems, online calibration and online compensation, the three links of calibration, measurement and compensation are integrated, thus improving the hardware sharing rate and data switching efficiency in the three links, which can greatly improve the efficiency of measurement work.

[0044] (2) Since calibration and measurement are performed in the same time and space, the close connection between the two links greatly reduces the error caused by changes in environmental parameters to the measurement system, thereby improving the accuracy of dynamic measurement.

[0045] (3) Since the display output module not only displays the original dynamic signal, but also displays and records the online calibration process, transfer function calibration process and calculation results, and online compensation process in real time, the online compensation subsystem enables the compensation, correction and display of measurement data to be realized directly at the test site. Therefore, the operator can monitor the measurement quality in real time during the measurement process and correct operation errors in a timely manner, avoiding the decrease in measurement efficiency caused by rework. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a dynamic measurement system for online calibration and compensation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an online calibration and compensation method for a dynamic measurement system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a time-domain signal diagram of the reference sensor and the measurement sensor in the data acquisition module according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a power spectral density distribution diagram of the reference sensor and the measurement sensor in the online calibration module according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0050] Figure 5A The transfer function amplitude-frequency response diagram is shown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 5B The transfer function phase frequency response diagram is shown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0052] Figure 6 This is a time-domain signal diagram before and after compensation in the online compensation module according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To address the issue of independent calibration, measurement, and compensation processes in the aforementioned dynamic measurement systems, this disclosure aims to provide an online calibration and compensation dynamic measurement system. For dynamic measurement tasks requiring detailed calibration and compensation, this system enables on-site calibration, compensation, and correction of measurement data, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of dynamic measurements. Furthermore, it allows for real-time display and recording of the online calibration process, transfer function, and online compensation process, facilitating real-time monitoring of dynamic measurement quality. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the following detailed description, in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, further illustrates this disclosure.

[0054] Certain embodiments of this disclosure will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings, some of which, but not all, will be shown. In fact, various embodiments of this disclosure may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to enable this disclosure to meet applicable legal requirements.

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, a dynamic measurement system for online calibration and compensation is provided. Figure 1 The flowchart of a dynamic measurement system for online calibration and compensation according to an embodiment of this disclosure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a reference sensor, a measurement sensor, a data acquisition module, an online calibration module, a transfer function module, an online compensation module, and a display output module. The system includes an online calibration subsystem and an online compensation measurement subsystem.

[0056] Among them, the online calibration subsystem is used for the online calibration of the dynamic measurement system, and the transfer function obtained in the calibration process is used for the online compensation process of the online compensation measurement subsystem; the online compensation measurement subsystem is used for the actual measurement process of the dynamic measurement system, and this subsystem finally obtains the compensated and corrected measurement result value, which is directly displayed and output.

[0057] The online calibration subsystem and the online compensation measurement subsystem share the same measurement sensor, data acquisition module, and display output module.

[0058] By incorporating two subsystems, online calibration and online compensation, the three stages of calibration, measurement, and compensation are integrated, thereby improving the hardware sharing rate and data switching efficiency among the three stages and greatly enhancing the efficiency of measurement work.

[0059] The following sections provide a detailed description of each component of the dynamic measurement system for online calibration and compensation in this embodiment.

[0060] The online calibration subsystem is used for online calibration of the dynamic measurement system. It includes a reference sensor, a measurement sensor, a data acquisition module, an online calibration module, a transfer function module, and a display output module. The reference sensor and the measurement sensor are respectively connected to the data acquisition module. The data acquisition module, the online calibration module, the transfer function module, and the display output module are connected in sequence. The transfer function obtained by the online calibration module during the calibration process is used to compensate the online compensation process of the measurement subsystem.

[0061] During the operation of the online calibration subsystem:

[0062] The reference sensor provides the input signal for the online calibration of the dynamic measurement system;

[0063] The measurement sensor provides the output signal for the online calibration of the dynamic measurement system;

[0064] The data acquisition module collects dynamic signals transmitted from the reference sensor and the measurement sensor;

[0065] The online calibration module dynamically analyzes the reference sensor signal and the measurement sensor signal acquired by the data acquisition module, and calculates the functional relationship between them, which is the transfer function of the dynamic measurement system.

[0066] The transfer function module stores the final result of dynamic calibration and transmits it to the online compensation module and the display output module;

[0067] The display output module displays and stores the calibration process and calculation results of the transfer function for subsequent data output.

[0068] The online compensation measurement subsystem is used in the actual measurement process of the dynamic measurement system. It includes a measurement sensor, a data acquisition module, an online compensation module, and a display output module connected in sequence. The online compensation module uses the transfer function obtained in the calibration process to finally obtain the compensated and corrected measurement result value, and transmits it to the display output module for direct display, storage and output.

[0069] During the operation of the online compensation measurement subsystem:

[0070] The measurement sensor measures the measurand, providing the raw dynamic signal for the online compensation measurement subsystem;

[0071] The data acquisition module collects dynamic signals transmitted from the measurement sensors;

[0072] The online compensation module uses the transfer function of the dynamic measurement system to compensate and correct the original dynamic signal output by the data acquisition module, and then transmits the compensated signal to the display output module.

[0073] The display output module displays and stores the original dynamic signal, the online compensation process, and the compensated signal for subsequent data output.

[0074] The online calibration subsystem and the online compensation measurement subsystem share the same measurement sensor, data acquisition module, and display output module.

[0075] Because the display output module not only displays the original dynamic signal, but also displays and records the online calibration process, transfer function calibration process and calculation results, and online compensation process in real time, the compensation, correction and display of measurement data can be realized directly at the test site. Therefore, operators can monitor the measurement quality in real time during the measurement process and correct operational errors in a timely manner, avoiding the decrease in measurement efficiency caused by rework.

[0076] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an online calibration and compensation method for a dynamic measurement system. Corresponding to the online calibration and compensation method for the dynamic measurement system described in the above embodiments, the method includes the following steps:

[0077] Step A: Before conducting actual measurements, the online calibration subsystem is first activated to calibrate the dynamic characteristics, i.e., the transfer function, of the dynamic measurement system online. The transfer function is used to compensate the online compensation process of the measurement subsystem.

[0078] Step B: The display output module displays and stores the calibration process and calculation results of the transfer function for subsequent data output.

[0079] Step C: After the online calibration subsystem finishes running, it is shut down, and the online compensation measurement subsystem is turned on to start measuring the measured quantity. The online compensation module uses the transfer function of the dynamic measurement system to compensate and correct the original dynamic signal output by the data acquisition module, and transmits the compensated signal to the display output module.

[0080] Step D: The display output module displays and stores the original dynamic signal, the online compensation process, and the compensated signal for subsequent data output processing.

[0081] Because calibration and measurement are performed in the same time and space, the close connection between the two processes greatly reduces the errors caused by changes in environmental parameters to the measurement system, thereby improving the accuracy of dynamic measurements.

[0082] In the above-mentioned method for online calibration and compensation of dynamic measurement systems:

[0083] In step A, the operation of the online calibration subsystem includes the following steps:

[0084] In sub-step A1, the reference sensor and the measurement sensor operate simultaneously. The reference sensor provides the input signal to the online calibration subsystem, and the measurement sensor provides the output signal to the online calibration subsystem.

[0085] Sub-step A2: The data acquisition module acquires the dynamic signals transmitted from the reference sensor and the measurement sensor;

[0086] In sub-step A3, the online calibration module performs dynamic analysis on the reference sensor signal and the measurement sensor signal acquired by the data acquisition module, and calculates the functional relationship between the two, which is the transfer function of the dynamic measurement system.

[0087] Sub-step A4: The transfer function module stores the final result obtained from dynamic calibration and transmits it to the online compensation module and the display output module;

[0088] Step B, during the operation of the online compensation measurement subsystem, includes the following steps:

[0089] Sub-step B1: The measuring sensor measures the measurand, providing the original dynamic signal for the online compensation measurement subsystem;

[0090] In sub-step B2, the data acquisition module acquires the raw dynamic signals transmitted from the measurement sensors.

[0091] The dynamic measurement system and method disclosed herein incorporate calibration and compensation processes, which are typically separate from the measurement process, into the measurement system. This enables online calibration and compensation, significantly improving hardware sharing and data switching efficiency among the three stages, which is highly beneficial for enhancing the efficiency of complex measurement systems. Furthermore, integrating the calibration system, which determines measurement accuracy, into the same system allows for seamless coordination between the two stages in the same spatial environment. This greatly reduces errors caused by variations in environmental parameters across different spaces and times, thereby improving the accuracy of dynamic measurements.

[0092] In addition, the display output module not only displays the original dynamic signal, but also realizes real-time display and recording of the online calibration process, transfer function calibration process and calculation results, and online compensation process. The online compensation subsystem enables the compensation, correction and display of measurement data to be realized directly at the test site. Operators can monitor the measurement quality in real time during the measurement process and correct operational errors in a timely manner, avoiding the decrease in measurement efficiency caused by rework.

[0093] Figure 3This is a time-domain signal diagram of the reference sensor and the measuring sensor in the data acquisition module. The input signal is the periodic pressure fluctuation at the rotor blade tip of a compressor at a certain speed. The solid line represents the periodic pressure fluctuation from the reference sensor, and the dashed line represents the periodic pressure fluctuation from the measuring sensor. After passing through the dynamic measurement system, the measuring sensor's amplitude is reduced and its phase shifts compared to the sinusoidal signal from the reference sensor. This change represents the dynamic characteristics of the dynamic measurement system described by the dynamic transfer function.

[0094] The online calibration module transforms the time-domain signal graphs of the reference sensor and the measurement sensor in the data acquisition module into... Figure 4 The power spectral density distribution in the frequency domain is shown below, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the characteristic frequency of the measured sensor signal remains unchanged compared to the reference sensor signal, but the power of the measured sensor signal is reduced due to the cavity effect of the dynamic measurement system.

[0095] Figure 3 and Figure 4 The diagram shows a comparison in the time and frequency domains of a reference sensor and a measuring sensor when using a pressure sinusoidal wave signal of a fixed frequency as input. This demonstrates the influence of the dynamic measurement system on the amplitude and phase of the dynamic signal. However, the dynamic characteristics of the measurement system need to cover a certain frequency range, specifically the amplitude and phase variations under sinusoidal waves of different characteristic frequencies. Therefore, by changing the compressor speed to obtain periodic pressure fluctuation signals at the rotor blade tips at different frequencies, the amplitude and phase of the pressure fluctuation signals at different frequencies are calculated using both the reference and measuring sensors. The amplitude ratio and phase difference between the two sensors are then calculated, leading to the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics of the dynamic measurement system's transfer function. Figure 5A and Figure 5B As shown. It should be noted that the choice of frequency range depends on the frequency range of the measured signal during the actual measurement process. The frequency range for online calibration of the transfer function should be able to cover all possible frequencies of the measured signal. After the transfer function calibration is completed, the calculation results are automatically sent to the online compensation module in the form of a polynomial equation for use by the subsequent online compensation measurement subsystem.

[0096] After the online calibration subsystem finishes running, it is shut down, and the online compensation measurement subsystem is turned on to start measuring the measured quantity. At this time, the reference sensor no longer works, and the measurement sensor can be adjusted in installation position according to actual measurement needs. For example, in this embodiment, the measurement sensor is moved from the top of the current compressor rotor blade to the top of another compressor rotor blade to measure its dynamic pressure fluctuations.

[0097] During the operation of the online compensation measurement subsystem, the measuring sensor measures the measurand, providing the original dynamic signal for the online compensation measurement subsystem. The online compensation module uses the transfer function of the dynamic measurement system to compensate and correct the original dynamic signal output by the data acquisition module, and then transmits the compensated signal to the display output module for display and storage for subsequent data output.

[0098] Figure 6 The figure shows the time-domain signal before and after compensation and correction in the online compensation module. As can be seen from the figure, the signal amplitude was significantly attenuated before compensation due to the cavity effect of the system. After correction of the transfer function in the online compensation module, the signal amplitude was restored. The compensated signal is then displayed and stored in the display output module, thus completing the online compensation, display, and storage of the measured quantity. If the presence or absence of a measurement result is detected in the display output module, it is possible to trace which step in the online calibration subsystem or the online compensation measurement subsystem caused the error and correct it promptly.

[0099] During the operation of the aforementioned online calibration and compensation dynamic measurement system, specific operations need to be performed according to the specific measurement environment and sensor installation conditions. Generally, the calibration and compensation of the measured flow field should be followed as described above. Furthermore, it should be noted that if the calibration process required by the dynamic measurement system cannot be performed in the measured environment, specific calibration conditions must be provided. This system can be used as long as the calibration environment and the measured environment are within the same workspace.

[0100] This concludes the description of the illustrative embodiments of this disclosure.

[0101] Those skilled in the art will understand that modules in the device of the embodiments can be adaptively changed and placed in one or more devices different from that embodiment. Modules, units, or components in the embodiments can be combined into a single module, unit, or component, and further, they can be divided into multiple sub-modules, sub-units, or sub-components. Except where at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive, any combination can be used to combine all features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device so disclosed. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature that serves the same, equivalent, or similar purpose. Furthermore, in the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same hardware item.

[0102] Similarly, it should be understood that, in order to simplify this disclosure and aid in understanding one or more of the various aspects of the disclosure, in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, various features of the disclosure are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this approach to disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that the claimed disclosure requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the following claims, the aspects of the disclosure consist of fewer than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into that detailed description, wherein each claim itself is a separate embodiment of the disclosure.

[0103] Furthermore, unless specifically described or required to occur in a specific order, the order of the above steps is not limited to those listed above and can be varied or rearranged according to the desired design. Moreover, the above embodiments can be used in combination with each other or with other embodiments based on design and reliability considerations; that is, technical features from different embodiments can be freely combined to form more embodiments.

[0104] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this disclosure. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A dynamic measurement system for online calibration and compensation of three-dimensional flow fields in aero-engines and turbomachinery, comprising: The online calibration subsystem is used to calibrate the dynamic characteristics of the dynamic measurement system online during the calibration process, and obtain the dynamic transfer function of the dynamic measurement system. as well as The online compensation measurement subsystem is used to compensate and correct the original dynamic signal using the dynamic transfer function during the actual measurement process, so as to obtain the compensated and corrected measurement result value. The online calibration subsystem and the online compensation measurement subsystem share the same measurement sensor, data acquisition module, and display output module. In the online calibration subsystem, the measurement sensor is used to provide an output signal for the online calibration of the dynamic characteristics of the dynamic measurement system; the reference sensor is used to provide an input signal for the online calibration of the dynamic characteristics of the dynamic measurement system; by comparing the reference sensor and the measurement sensor in the time domain and frequency domain, the amplitude and phase variation laws at different characteristic frequencies are obtained, and then the amplitude-frequency characteristics and phase-frequency characteristics of the dynamic transfer function are obtained. In the online compensation measurement subsystem, the measurement sensor is used to measure the object under test and provide the online compensation measurement subsystem with the original dynamic signal; The online calibration subsystem includes: The online calibration module dynamically analyzes the reference sensor signals and measurement sensor signals acquired by the data acquisition module, calculating the functional relationship between them, which is the dynamic transfer function of the dynamic measurement system. The input signals include periodic pressure fluctuations at the compressor rotor blade tip. After passing through the dynamic measurement system, the amplitude and phase of the sinusoidal signal from the measurement sensor decrease compared to the sinusoidal signal from the reference sensor. This change between the sinusoidal signals from the measurement sensor and the reference sensor represents the dynamic characteristics of the dynamic measurement system described by the dynamic transfer function. The dynamic transfer function is used for online compensation of the measurement subsystem. During operation, the reference sensor and the measurement sensor work simultaneously. The data acquisition module acquires the dynamic signals transmitted from the reference sensor and the measurement sensor. The online calibration module transforms the time-domain signals from the reference sensor and the measurement sensor in the data acquisition module into a power spectral density distribution in the frequency domain. The transfer function module is used to store the final result of dynamic calibration and transmit it to the online compensation module and the display output module; The measurement sensor, the data acquisition module, the online compensation module, and the display output module are connected in sequence. The display output module not only displays the original dynamic signal, but also displays and records in real time the online calibration process of the online calibration subsystem, the calibration process and calculation results of the dynamic transfer function, the online compensation process, and the compensated signal.

2. The dynamic measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, In the online compensation measurement subsystem, the data acquisition module is used to acquire dynamic signals transmitted from the measurement sensors.

3. The dynamic measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The online compensation measurement subsystem also includes: The online compensation module is used to compensate and correct the measurement sensor signal acquired by the data acquisition module through the dynamic transfer function obtained during the calibration process, to obtain the compensated and corrected measurement result value, and to transmit the measurement result value to the display output module for direct display, storage and output.

4. A method for online calibration and compensation, employing the dynamic measurement system as described in any one of claims 1-3, comprising: Before conducting actual measurements, the online calibration subsystem is first activated to calibrate the dynamic characteristics of the dynamic measurement system, namely the dynamic transfer function, online. The dynamic transfer function is used to compensate the online compensation process of the measurement subsystem. After the online calibration subsystem finishes running, it is shut down. The online compensation measurement subsystem is then started to begin measuring the object under test. The dynamic transfer function of the dynamic measurement system is used to compensate and correct the original dynamic signal output by the data acquisition module, and the compensated measurement result value is transmitted to the display output module.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, During the operation of the online calibration subsystem, the data acquisition module collects dynamic signals transmitted from the reference sensor and the measurement sensor; During the operation of the online compensation measurement subsystem, the data acquisition module collects the dynamic signals transmitted from the measurement sensors.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein, During the operation of the online calibration subsystem, the display output module displays and stores the calibration process and calculation results of the dynamic transfer function for subsequent data output. During the operation of the online compensation measurement subsystem, the display output module displays and stores the original dynamic signal, the online compensation process, and the measurement result signal after compensation for subsequent data output processing.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The operation of the online calibration subsystem includes the following steps: The reference sensor and the measuring sensor work simultaneously. The reference sensor provides the input signal to the online calibration subsystem, while the measuring sensor provides the output signal to the online calibration subsystem. The data acquisition module collects dynamic signals transmitted from the reference sensor and the measurement sensor; The online calibration module dynamically analyzes the reference sensor signal and the measurement sensor signal acquired by the data acquisition module, and calculates the functional relationship between them, which is the dynamic transfer function of the dynamic measurement system. The dynamic transfer function is used to compensate the online compensation process of the measurement subsystem. The transfer function module stores the final result obtained from dynamic calibration and transmits it to the online compensation module and the display output module.

8. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The online compensation measurement subsystem includes the following steps during operation: The measurement sensor measures the object under test, providing the raw dynamic signal for the online compensation measurement subsystem; The data acquisition module collects the raw dynamic signals transmitted from the measurement sensors.

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