Apparatus and method for determining porosity and distribution of ore rock interstitials

Abstract

The application provides a device and method for measuring porosity and distribution of ore rock dispersion body, and belongs to the technical field of physical and mechanical properties of dispersion body measurement. The device comprises a test container, a detection mechanism, a pressurizing mechanism and a control system. The test container comprises a liquid level cylinder and a sample cylinder in communication. The detection mechanism comprises a weighing machine, a range finder and a water injection pipe. The weighing machine is arranged at the bottom of the test container and used for measuring weight. The range finder is arranged above the liquid level cylinder and used for measuring the distance from the liquid level in the liquid level cylinder. The water injection pipe is in communication with a water source and used for injecting water into the liquid level cylinder. The pressurizing mechanism is arranged above the sample cylinder and used for applying pressure to the sample in the sample cylinder and outputting a pressure signal. The control system is connected with the detection mechanism and the pressurizing mechanism and used for processing and analyzing data. The application can measure the porosity of the ore rock dispersion body sample under different vertical pressures and the continuous distribution of the porosity in the vertical direction, and is more conducive to the research on the ore rock dispersion body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of physical and mechanical property measurement technology of granular materials, specifically relating to an apparatus for measuring the porosity and distribution of mineral and rock granules. In addition, this invention also relates to a method for measuring the porosity and distribution of mineral and rock granules. Background Technology

[0002] Porosity of ore and rock bulk materials refers to the percentage of pore volume to total volume. In underground metal mining, the porosity of ore and rock bulk materials in the stope affects the formation of caving bodies, released bodies, and loosened bodies, as well as ore loss and dilution. Therefore, accurately measuring the porosity of ore and rock bulk materials is of significant guiding importance for further research on the flowability of bulk materials, reducing ore loss and dilution, and optimizing stope structural parameters.

[0003] Currently, existing devices for determining the porosity of mineral granules include an experimental chamber, a monitoring mechanism, and a control system. During the measurement, the granules to be tested are added to the inner chamber of the experimental chamber, and the upper surface of the granules is leveled. The control system drives an electric actuator to move the inner chamber lid downwards. When the inner chamber lid touches the upper surface of the granules in the inner chamber, the electric actuator stops moving, and the stroke of the electric actuator is recorded by a computer. Water is then injected into the inner chamber. When the water level in the inner chamber reaches the level switch, the solenoid valve is closed. After the granules absorb water, the water level drops. When the drop distance reaches the level switch threshold, the solenoid valve is opened to replenish water. This cycle of replenishment and absorption continues until the water level no longer drops, indicating that the granules are saturated. Finally, the excess water after the granules have absorbed water is extracted from the inner chamber, and the weight of the saturated granules is recorded. The porosity is then calculated using the corresponding formula. This existing technology automates the experimental process and reduces the influence of human factors on the experimental process.

[0004] In the process of realizing this invention, the inventors discovered that the prior art has at least the following defects:

[0005] The aforementioned existing technologies are only used to determine the porosity of ore and rock granules. However, as the mining depth increases, the thickness of the overburden increases (i.e., the vertical pressure increases), and it is necessary to determine the porosity of ore and rock granules under different vertical pressures and the continuous distribution of porosity in the vertical direction. The aforementioned existing technologies cannot achieve the determination of the porosity distribution of ore and rock granules. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the aforementioned background problems, the present invention aims to provide an apparatus for measuring the porosity and distribution of ore and rock granules, which can realize the determination of the continuous distribution law of porosity of ore and rock granules under different vertical pressures; another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the porosity and distribution of ore and rock granules.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, one aspect of the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An apparatus for determining the porosity and distribution of mineral granules, comprising: a test container, a detection mechanism, a pressurization mechanism, and a control system, wherein the test container includes:

[0009] A level gauge is used for water injection.

[0010] The sample cylinder is connected to the bottom of the liquid level cylinder and is used for sample filling;

[0011] The testing institutions include:

[0012] A weighing device is installed at the bottom of the test container for measuring weight;

[0013] A rangefinder is installed above the liquid level cylinder to measure the distance between itself and the liquid surface inside the cylinder.

[0014] The water injection pipe is connected to a water source and is used to inject water into the liquid level cylinder;

[0015] The pressurizing mechanism is located above the sample cylinder and is used to apply pressure to the sample inside the sample cylinder and output a pressure signal.

[0016] The control system is connected to the detection mechanism and the pressurization mechanism, and is used to process and analyze the data.

[0017] In one embodiment, the water injection pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve, and the water outlet end of the water injection pipe is equipped with an aerator.

[0018] In one embodiment, the detection mechanism further includes a movable support for fixing the rangefinder and the water injection pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, the movable support is composed of a horizontal support part, a vertical support part I, and a vertical support part II. The horizontal support part is connected to the top of the vertical support part I and the vertical support part II. The rangefinder and the water injection pipe are fixed on the horizontal support part. The bottom of the vertical support part I and the vertical support part II are provided with moving wheels.

[0020] In one embodiment, the pressurizing mechanism includes:

[0021] A support frame is detachably connected to the top of the sample cylinder;

[0022] A pressure-applying unit is mounted on the support frame, and the pressure-applying unit is selected from one of the following: electric push rod structure, hydraulic rod structure, pneumatic rod structure, and lead screw structure.

[0023] A pressure sensor is fixed to the pressure application unit and electrically connected to the control system.

[0024] Furthermore, the pressure applying unit is a lead screw structure, comprising:

[0025] A lead screw is threaded through the support frame and screwed to a nut provided on the support frame;

[0026] Turn the handle to fix it to the top of the lead screw, which is located on the outside of the support frame;

[0027] The pressure plate has a shape and size that match the sample cylinder, and the pressure plate is provided with air vents.

[0028] Furthermore, the pressure application unit also includes:

[0029] A universal turntable is fixed to the bottom end of the lead screw, and the pressure sensor is provided between the universal turntable and the pressure plate.

[0030] Furthermore, the support frame is a cylindrical body with an open bottom, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical body is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the sample tube;

[0031] A connecting plate is provided on the outer wall of the sample tube, and a gap is provided between the connecting plate and the outer wall of the sample tube for inserting the tube body. Bolts for fastening the tube body are passed through the connecting plate.

[0032] In one embodiment, the control system includes a computer and a control cabinet, the computer being electrically connected to the control cabinet, and the control cabinet being electrically connected to the detection mechanism and the pressurization mechanism.

[0033] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for determining the porosity and distribution of ore-rock aggregates, using the aforementioned apparatus, and comprising the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Place the test container on the weighing device, fill the sample tube with the mineral and rock sample to be measured and spread it out.

[0035] Step 2: Connect the pressurizing mechanism to the top of the test cylinder, then control the pressurizing mechanism to apply pressure to the ore sample and transmit the pressure signal to the control system. When the pressure reaches the predetermined pressure, stop operating the pressurizing mechanism. At this time, the height of the packed ore sample is H. y ;

[0036] Step 3: Fix the rangefinder and water injection pipe directly above the liquid level cylinder;

[0037] Step 4: Control the injection of water into the liquid level cylinder through the control system. When the liquid level is higher than the height of the bottom connection, stop the injection. After the liquid level stabilizes, record the weight value G measured by the weighing device and the distance value H measured by the rangefinder.

[0038] Step 5: Set the interval measurement height h, the number of measurements n, the interval stabilization time t, and the radius r of the level cylinder in the control system. w The radius r of the sample cylinder y The density ρ of water and the distance H from the lower end of the initial rangefinder to the bottom of the liquid level cylinder. L ;

[0039] Step Six: Control the injection of water into the liquid level cylinder using the control system. Stop injecting water when the distance measured by the rangefinder is Hh. After the liquid level stabilizes, record the measurement number 1, the weight value G1 measured by the weighing device, and the distance value H1 measured by the rangefinder. Then, the mineral rock sample is at a distance H from the bottom of the sample cylinder. L -H to H L - The porosity k1 of the granular material at H1 is calculated using equation (I):

[0040]

[0041] Record the mineral and rock mass sample at a distance H from the bottom of the sample tube. L -H to H L -Porosity k1 value of the granular material at H1;

[0042] Step 7: Control the injection of water into the level tank via the control system. When the distance measured by the rangefinder is Hi*h, stop the water injection. After the liquid level stabilizes, record the number of measurements i and the weight value G measured by the weighing device. i and the distance value H measured by the rangefinder i The mineral rock mass sample is located at a distance H from the bottom of the sample cylinder. L -H i-1 to H L -H i Porosity k of the granular material i Calculated using equation (II):

[0043]

[0044] Record the mineral and rock mass sample at a distance H from the bottom of the sample tube. L -H i-1 to H L -H i Porosity k of the granular material i Value, at this time H L -H to H L -H i The average porosity k of the granular material 1-i The value is:

[0045]

[0046] Step 8: Repeat step 7 until the number of measurements is n. At this point, the weight passing through the weighing instrument is G. n The distance measured by the rangefinder is H. n The mineral rock mass sample is located at a distance H from the bottom of the sample cylinder. L -H n-1 to H L -H n The porosity of the granular material is k n Record the mineral and rock mass sample at a distance H from the bottom of the sample tube. L -H n-1 to H L -H n Porosity k of the granular material n Value, and H L -H to H L -H n The average porosity k of the granular material 1-n value;

[0047] Step 9: Measurement complete, save the measurement data; obtain the porosity k1 value from the 1st to the nth measurement, up to k n The value represents the continuous distribution of porosity from bottom to top in the vertical direction under a given vertical pressure;

[0048] Step 10: Disassemble and clean the device to prepare for the next set of measurements.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following effects:

[0050] 1. The device of the present invention includes a test container, a detection mechanism, a pressurization mechanism, and a control system. The test container includes a liquid level cylinder and a sample cylinder that are connected to each other. By controlling the height of the liquid level cylinder, the porosity of the mineral rock sample under different vertical pressures and the continuous distribution of porosity in the vertical direction can be measured, which is more conducive to the study of mineral rock.

[0051] 2. The present invention has an aerator at the end of the water injection pipe. The aerator foams the water flow to prevent the water from splashing everywhere during the water injection process.

[0052] 3. The detection mechanism of the present invention also includes a movable support to facilitate the installation of the rangefinder, water injection pipe, etc., so that they can be positioned directly above the liquid level cylinder; the movable support can also be moved according to the test requirements for convenient use.

[0053] 4. The pressurizing mechanism of the present invention includes a support frame, a pressure sensor, and a pressurizing unit. The support frame is detachably fixed to the top of the sample tube, which is convenient for installation and disassembly, and can provide support and fixation for the pressurizing unit to facilitate its operation. The pressurizing unit includes a pressure plate, which has a shape and size that matches the sample tube to facilitate uniform compression of the sample. The pressure plate is provided with vent holes to ensure that the air pressure inside and outside the sample tube is consistent, thereby avoiding the increase in air pressure inside the sample tube, which would make it difficult for the pressurizing unit to press down.

[0054] 5. The pressure application unit of the present invention also includes a universal turntable, which can prevent the pressure plate and the sample from rotating at the contact point, thereby preventing the sample from changing position and causing changes in porosity. Attached Figure Description

[0055] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device for measuring the porosity and distribution of mineral granules in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a top view of the test container in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurization mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the measurement method in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the device for measuring the porosity and distribution of ore-rock granules in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the device for measuring the porosity and distribution of mineral granules in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0062] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0064] To address the problem that existing measuring devices cannot determine the porosity distribution of ore-rock aggregates, this invention provides a device for measuring the porosity and distribution of ore-rock aggregates. The device includes a test container, a detection mechanism, a pressurizing mechanism, and a control system. The test container, as the main body, is the target of the detection mechanism and the pressurizing mechanism, enabling the holding and discharging of ore-rock aggregates and water. The detection mechanism is used to perform water injection, weight measurement, and liquid level measurement. The pressurizing mechanism, connected to the test container, applies pressure to the ore-rock aggregates to achieve the pressurization purpose. The control system connects the detection mechanism and the pressurizing mechanism, enabling automatic control, real-time detection of each part, and data processing and analysis.

[0065] This invention can measure the porosity of mineral granules under different vertical pressures and the continuous distribution of porosity in the vertical direction, thereby automating the measurement process and data processing.

[0066] The present invention will now be described in detail through specific embodiments.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] Apparatus for determining the porosity and distribution of mineral granules, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a test container, a testing mechanism, a pressurizing mechanism, and a control system.

[0069] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the test container includes a liquid level cylinder 1-1 and a sample cylinder 1-2. The liquid level cylinder 1-1 and the sample cylinder 1-2 are connected by a connecting pipe 1-3. The connecting pipe 1-3 is specifically connected to the bottom of the liquid level cylinder 1-1 and the sample cylinder 1-2, so that the longitudinal section of the entire test container is U-shaped, thereby facilitating the flow of water from the liquid level cylinder 1-1 into the sample cylinder 1-2.

[0070] Specifically, the bottom of the liquid level cylinder 1-1 is provided with a drain hole 101, and the bottom of the sample cylinder 1-2 is provided with a discharge port 102, so as to facilitate the cleaning of water and sample after the test.

[0071] To facilitate connection of the pressurization mechanism, such as Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, a connecting plate 103 is provided on the outer wall of the top of the sample cylinder 1-2. The connecting plates 103 are distributed in pairs and are specifically L-shaped. There is a gap between the connecting plate 103 and the outer wall of the sample cylinder 1-2 to facilitate the insertion of the support frame 3-1 described later. Bolts are also provided on the connecting plate 103 to fasten the support frame 3-1 described later.

[0072] In this embodiment, both the liquid level cylinder 1-1 and the sample cylinder 1-2 are cylindrical structures, but their shapes are not limited to this.

[0073] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the detection mechanism includes a weighing device 2-1, a rangefinder 2-2, and a water injection pipe 2-3.

[0074] Specifically, the weighing device 2-1 is installed at the bottom of the test container for real-time weighing of the test container, and the weighing device 2-1 is electrically connected to the control system; the rangefinder 2-2 is installed directly above the liquid level cylinder 1-1 for measuring the distance to the liquid surface of the liquid level cylinder 1-1, and the rangefinder 2-2 can be an ultrasonic rangefinder sensor, an infrared rangefinder sensor, etc.; the water injection pipe 2-3 is connected to a water source and is located above the liquid level cylinder 1-1 for injecting water into the liquid level cylinder 1-1.

[0075] To facilitate control of the water injection process, this embodiment provides a solenoid valve 201 on the water injection pipe 2-3. The solenoid valve 201 is electrically connected to the control system and is used to execute the command of whether to inject water. To prevent water splashing during water injection, this embodiment also connects an aerator 202 to the water outlet end of the water injection pipe 2-3. The aerator 202 aerates the water flow, thereby avoiding water splashing.

[0076] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and 3 The pressurization mechanism includes: a support frame 3-1, a pressurization unit 3-2, and a pressure sensor 3-3.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, the support frame 3-1 is detachably fixed to the top of the sample tube 1-2. Specifically, the support frame 3-1 is a tube with an open bottom. The inner diameter of the tube is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the sample tube 1-2 and less than the distance between the two connecting plates 103, so that the bottom of the tube can be inserted between the connecting plates 103. The tube can be fastened by tightening the bolts.

[0078] The pressure application unit 3-2 is installed on the support frame 3-1 to support the pressure application unit 3-2; the pressure sensor 3-3 is fixed to the pressure application unit 3-2 and electrically connected to the control system to apply pressure to the sample in the sample cylinder 1-2 and transmit pressure signals through the pressure sensor 3-3.

[0079] Specifically, in this embodiment, the pressure applying unit 3-2 is a lead screw structure, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes: lead screw 3-2-1, nut 3-2-2, rotating handle 3-2-3 and pressure plate 3-2-4.

[0080] The lead screw 3-2-1 is threaded through the support frame 3-1 and screwed to the nut 3-2-2 fixed on the support frame 3-1; the rotating handle 3-2-3 is fixed to the top of the lead screw 3-2-1 and is located on the outside of the support frame 3-1; the pressure plate 3-2-4 is located below the lead screw 3-2-1, and the pressure sensor 3-3 is provided between the pressure plate 3-2-4 and the lead screw 3-2-1.

[0081] The pressure plate 3-2-4 has a shape and size that match the sample cylinder 1-2, thereby achieving uniform pressure on the sample. In order to avoid the increase of air pressure inside the sample cylinder 1-2 during the pressing process, making it difficult to press down, this embodiment also provides a vent hole on the pressure plate 3-2-4 to ensure that the air pressure inside and outside the sample cylinder 1-2 is consistent.

[0082] To prevent rotation at the contact point between the pressure plate 3-2-4 and the sample, a universal turntable 3-2-5 is fixed to the bottom end of the lead screw 3-2-1 in this embodiment. At this time, the pressure sensor 3-3 is set between the universal turntable 3-2-5 and the pressure plate 3-2-4. The universal turntable 3-2-5 avoids rotation at the contact point with the sample, thereby preventing the position of the sample from changing and causing changes in porosity.

[0083] Specifically, the universal turntable 3-2-5 consists of an upper plate and a lower plate, which are connected by ball bearings. The upper plate of the universal turntable 3-2-5 is fixed to the lead screw 3-2-1, while the lower plate is fixed to the pressure sensor 3-3.

[0084] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the control system includes a computer 4-1 and a control cabinet 4-2. The computer 4-1 is electrically connected to the control cabinet 4-2, and the control cabinet 4-2 is electrically connected to the weighing device 2-1, the rangefinder 2-2, the solenoid valve 201, and the pressure sensor 3-3.

[0085] Specifically, the control cabinet 4-2 has a built-in programmable logic controller and is equipped with control instruments that can input or display relevant data.

[0086] The method for determining the porosity and distribution of ore-rock granules includes the following steps, and a schematic diagram of the principle of the method is shown below. Figure 4 As shown:

[0087] Step 1: Place the test container on the weighing device 2-1, fill the sample tube 1-2 with the mineral and rock sample to be measured and spread it out.

[0088] Step 2: Connect the pressurizing mechanism to the sample cylinder 1-2 via the connecting plate 103. Then, rotate the handle 3-2-3 to move the lead screw 3-2-1 downwards, applying pressure to the ore sample via the pressure plate 3-2-4. At this time, the pressure sensor 3-3 transmits the pressure signal to the control instrument, programmable logic controller, and computer 4-1. When the pressure reaches the predetermined pressure, stop rotating the handle 3-2-3. At this point, the height of the packed ore sample is H. y ;

[0089] Step 3: Install and fix the rangefinder 2-2 and water injection pipe 2-3 directly above the liquid level cylinder 1-2;

[0090] Step 4: Open solenoid valve 201 using computer 4-1 and programmable logic controller to fill water into liquid level cylinder 1-1. When the liquid level is slightly higher than the height of connecting pipe 1-3, close solenoid valve 201. After the liquid level stabilizes, record the weight value G (kg) measured by weighing device 2-1 and the distance value H measured by rangefinder 2-2.

[0091] Step 5: In computer 4-1, set the interval measurement height h, the number of measurements n (n×h must be less than H), the interval stabilization time t, and the radius r of the level cylinder 1-1. w The radius r of sample cylinder 1-2 y The density ρ of water and the distance H from the lower end of the initial rangefinder 2-2 to the bottom of the liquid level cylinder 1-1. L ;

[0092] Step Six: The programmable logic controller opens solenoid valve 201 to inject water into liquid level cylinder 1-1. When the distance measured by rangefinder 2-2 is Hh, solenoid valve 201 closes. After the liquid level stabilizes (after a stabilization interval t), record the measurement number 1, the weight value G1 measured by weighing device 2-1, and the distance value H1 measured by rangefinder 2-2. Then, the mineral rock sample is at a distance H from the bottom of the sample cylinder. L -H to H L The porosity k1 of the granular material at point -H1 (with a spacing height of H-H1) is calculated using equation (I):

[0093]

[0094] Record the porosity k1 value of the granular ore-rock sample from H - H to H - H1 at the bottom of the sample cylinder. L - H to H L - H1 of the granular material.

[0095] Step 7: The programmable logic controller opens the solenoid valve 201 to inject water into the liquid level cylinder 1-1. When the distance value measured by the rangefinder 2-2 is H - i*h (1 < i ≤ n), the solenoid valve 201 closes. When the liquid level is stable (after an interval stabilization time t), record the measurement number i (1 < i ≤ n) at this time. At this time, the weight value G i measured by the weighing device 2-1 and the distance value H i measured by the rangefinder are obtained. Then, the porosity k of the granular ore-rock sample from H L - H i - 1 to H L - H i of the granular material (interval height is H i - 1 - H i ) is calculated by Equation (II): i Calculate through Equation (II):

[0096]

[0097] Record the porosity k of the granular ore-rock sample from H L - H i - 1 to H L - H i of the granular material. i At this time, the average porosity k L value of the granular material from H - H to H - H is calculated by Equation (III): L - H i to H 1-i - H

[0098]

[0099] Step 8: Repeat Step 7 until the measurement number is n. At this time, the weight value G n measured by the weighing device 2-1 and the distance value H n measured by the rangefinder 2-2 are obtained. Then, the porosity k of the granular ore-rock sample from H L - H n-1 to H L - H n of the granular material (interval height is H n-1 - H n ) is calculated by Equation (II) (i = n in Equation II), and record the porosity k of the granular ore-rock sample from H n - H L to H n-1 - H L - H at the bottom of the sample cylinder.n Porosity k of the granular material n Value, and H L -H to H L -H n The average porosity k of the granular material 1-n Value (i = n in Formula III).

[0100] Step 9: Measurement complete, save the measurement data; measure the porosity k1 value (distance H from the bottom of the sample cylinder) for the first to nth measurements. L -H to H L -H1) to k n Value (H from the bottom of the sample cylinder) L -H n-1 to H L -H n This refers to the continuous distribution of porosity from bottom to top in the vertical direction under a given vertical pressure.

[0101] Step 10: Disassembly and cleaning of the device: Remove the rangefinder 2-2 and water injection pipe 2-3, turn the rotating handle 3-2-3 to move the lead screw 3-2-1 upward, loosen the fastening bolts, and remove the pressurizing mechanism; open the drain hole 101, and after the water has drained, open the discharge port 102 to discharge the ore and rock sample; finally, clean the device, close the drain hole 101 and the discharge port 102, and prepare for the next set of measurements.

[0102] Example 2

[0103] Apparatus for determining the porosity and distribution of mineral granules, such as Figure 5 As shown, unlike Embodiment 1, the pressure unit 3-2 in this embodiment is an electric push rod structure. In this case, the electric push rod is fixed on the support frame 3-1, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod is fixed to the universal turntable 3-2-5.

[0104] It should be noted that in other embodiments, the electric actuator structure can also be replaced by a hydraulic rod or a pneumatic rod structure.

[0105] Example 3

[0106] The apparatus for determining the porosity and distribution of rock granules differs from those in Examples 1 and 2 in that it uses... Figure 6 For example, the testing mechanism in this embodiment also includes a movable support 2-4, which is straddling the test container and is used for the installation and fixation of the rangefinder 2-2 and the water injection pipe 2-3.

[0107] In this embodiment, the movable support 2-4 is composed of a horizontal support part 2-4-1, a vertical support part I 2-4-2, and a vertical support part II 2-4-3. The horizontal support part 2-4-1 is connected to the top of the vertical support parts I 2-4-2 and II 2-4-3. The rangefinder 2-2 and the water injection pipe 2-3 are fixed on the horizontal support part 2-4-1. The bottom of the vertical support parts I 2-4-2 and II 2-4-3 are provided with casters 2-4-4 to facilitate the movement of the movable support 2-4.

[0108] Specifically, the horizontal support part 2-4-1, the vertical support part I 2-4-2, and the vertical support part II 2-4-3 can be configured as a plate structure or an H-shaped frame structure. This embodiment does not impose any specific restrictions.

[0109] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of this invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the porosity and distribution of ore-rock granules, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the test container on the weighing device, fill the sample tube with the mineral and rock sample to be measured and spread it out. Step 2: Connect the pressurizing mechanism to the top of the test cylinder, then control the pressurizing mechanism to apply pressure to the ore sample and transmit the pressure signal to the control system. When the pressure reaches the predetermined pressure, stop operating the pressurizing mechanism. At this time, the height of the packed ore sample is H. y ; Step 3: Fix the rangefinder and water injection pipe directly above the liquid level cylinder; Step 4: Control the injection of water into the liquid level cylinder through the control system. When the liquid level is higher than the height of the bottom connection, stop the injection. After the liquid level stabilizes, record the weight value G measured by the weighing device and the distance value H measured by the rangefinder. Step 5: Set the interval measurement height h, the number of measurements n, the interval stabilization time t, and the radius r of the level cylinder in the control system. w The radius r of the sample cylinder y The density ρ of water and the distance H from the lower end of the initial rangefinder to the bottom of the liquid level cylinder. L ; Step Six: Control the injection of water into the liquid level cylinder using the control system. Stop injecting water when the distance measured by the rangefinder is Hh. After the liquid level stabilizes, record the measurement number 1, the weight value G1 measured by the weighing device, and the distance value H1 measured by the rangefinder. Then, the mineral rock sample is at a distance H from the bottom of the sample cylinder. L -H to H L - The porosity k1 of the granular material at H1 is calculated using equation (I): ； Record the mineral and rock mass sample at a distance H from the bottom of the sample tube. L -H to H L -Porosity k1 value of the granular material at H1; Step 7: Control the injection of water into the level tank via the control system. Stop injecting water when the distance measured by the rangefinder is Hi*h. After the liquid level stabilizes, record the number of measurements i and the weight value G measured by the weighing device. i and the distance value H measured by the rangefinder i The mineral rock mass sample is located at a distance H from the bottom of the sample cylinder. L -H i-1 to H L -H i Porosity k of the granular material i Calculated using equation (II): ； Record the mineral and rock mass sample at a distance H from the bottom of the sample tube. L -H i-1 to H L -H i Porosity k of the granular material i Value, at this time H L -H to H L -H i The average porosity k of the granular material 1-i The value is: ； Step 8: Repeat step 7 until the number of measurements is n. At this point, the weight passing through the weighing instrument is G. n The distance measured by the rangefinder is H. n The mineral rock mass sample is located at a distance H from the bottom of the sample cylinder. L -H n-1 to H L -H n The porosity of the granular material is k n Record the mineral and rock mass sample at a distance H from the bottom of the sample tube. L -H n-1 to H L -H n Porosity k of the granular material n Value, and H L -H to H L -H n The average porosity k of the granular material 1-n value; Step 9: Measurement complete, save the measurement data; obtain the porosity k1 value from the 1st to the nth measurement, up to k n The value represents the continuous distribution of porosity from bottom to top in the vertical direction under a given vertical pressure; Step 10: Disassemble and clean the device to prepare for the next set of measurements.

2. An apparatus for determining the porosity and distribution of mineral granules using the method described in claim 1, comprising: The test container, testing mechanism, pressurizing mechanism, and control system are characterized in that, The test container includes: A level gauge is used for water injection. The sample cylinder is connected to the bottom of the liquid level cylinder and is used for sample filling; The testing institutions include: A weighing device is installed at the bottom of the test container for measuring weight; A rangefinder is installed above the liquid level cylinder to measure the distance between itself and the liquid surface inside the cylinder. The water injection pipe is connected to a water source and is used to inject water into the liquid level cylinder; The pressurizing mechanism is located above the sample cylinder and is used to apply pressure to the sample inside the sample cylinder and output a pressure signal. The control system is connected to the detection mechanism and the pressurization mechanism, and is used for data processing and analysis; The control system determines the porosity and distribution of mineral granules by setting the interval measurement height, the number of measurements, the interval stabilization time, the radius of the liquid level cylinder, the radius of the sample cylinder, the density of water, and the distance from the lower end of the initial rangefinder to the bottom of the liquid level cylinder.

3. The apparatus for determining the porosity and distribution of ore-rock granules according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water injection pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve, and the water outlet end of the water injection pipe is equipped with an aerator.

4. The apparatus for determining the porosity and distribution of ore-rock granules according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection mechanism also includes a movable support, which is used to fix the rangefinder and the water injection pipe.

5. The apparatus for determining the porosity and distribution of ore-rock granules according to claim 4, characterized in that, The movable support consists of a horizontal support part, a vertical support part I, and a vertical support part II. The horizontal support part is connected to the top of the vertical support part I and the vertical support part II. The rangefinder and the water injection pipe are fixed on the horizontal support part. The bottom of the vertical support part I and the vertical support part II are provided with casters.

6. The apparatus for determining the porosity and distribution of ore-rock granules according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressurization mechanism includes: A support frame is detachably connected to the top of the sample cylinder; A pressure-applying unit is mounted on the support frame, and the pressure-applying unit is selected from one of an electric push rod structure, a hydraulic rod structure, a pneumatic rod structure, and a lead screw structure; A pressure sensor is fixed to the pressure application unit and electrically connected to the control system.

7. The apparatus for determining the porosity and distribution of ore-rock granules according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pressure-applying unit is a lead screw structure, comprising: A lead screw is threaded through the support frame and screwed to a nut provided on the support frame; Turn the handle to fix it to the top of the lead screw, which is located on the outside of the support frame; The pressure plate has a shape and size that match the sample cylinder, and the pressure plate is provided with air vents.

8. The apparatus for determining the porosity and distribution of ore-rock granules according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pressure application unit also includes: A universal turntable is fixed to the bottom end of the lead screw, and the pressure sensor is provided between the universal turntable and the pressure plate.

9. The apparatus for determining the porosity and distribution of ore-rock granules according to claim 6, characterized in that, The support frame is a cylindrical body with an open bottom, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical body is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the sample tube; A connecting plate is provided on the outer wall of the sample tube, and a gap is provided between the connecting plate and the outer wall of the sample tube for inserting the tube body. Bolts for fastening the tube body are passed through the connecting plate.

10. The apparatus for determining the porosity and distribution of ore-rock granules according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control system includes a computer and a control cabinet. The computer is electrically connected to the control cabinet, and the control cabinet is electrically connected to the detection mechanism and the pressurization mechanism.

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