A vibroseis scanning method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a controllable source scanning method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of seismic exploration. A first scanning signal is used to excite a plurality of different surfaces of a weight and a flat plate, and weight acceleration and flat plate acceleration on the plurality of different surfaces are obtained respectively; a phase difference between the weight acceleration and the flat plate acceleration is obtained, and sample resonance frequencies of different surfaces are obtained; sample scanning signals of different surfaces are determined according to the different sample resonance frequencies, and the sample scanning signals of different surfaces are stored; a second scanning signal is used to excite a weight and a flat plate of a target surface to collect a resonance frequency of the target surface; a target scanning signal corresponding to the resonance frequency is determined based on the resonance frequency of the target surface; and the target scanning signal is used to excite the weight and the flat plate of the target surface. The controllable source scanning method provided by the application can improve the accuracy of the signal received by the geophone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of seismic exploration technology, and more specifically, to a controllable source scanning method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] When using a controlled seismic source on land, a flat plate is inserted into the land surface, and a weight is placed on top of the plate. When the controlled seismic source is activated, a scanning signal is used to excite the weight. The weight is excited by the scanning signal to vibrate the plate, and the plate generates seismic waves and other vibration signals that are introduced to the ground surface. After passing through the ground surface, the vibration signals are received by a geophone.

[0003] In conventional controlled-source excitation operations, a scanning signal is used to excite the hammer and plate on different ground surfaces. However, the geology of different ground surfaces is often different. If a single scanning signal is used to excite the hammer and plate on different ground surfaces, the accuracy of the signal obtained by the detector will be low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a controllable seismic source scanning method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium, aiming to improve the accuracy of signals received by the detector.

[0005] A first aspect of this application provides a controllable seismic source scanning method, the method comprising:

[0006] The first scanning signal was used to excite the hammer and plate on multiple different ground surfaces, and the acceleration of the hammer and the plate on multiple different ground surfaces were obtained respectively.

[0007] Based on the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the flat plate, the sample resonance frequencies of the different ground surfaces are obtained;

[0008] Based on different sample resonance frequencies, the sample scanning signals of different land surfaces are determined and stored.

[0009] In response to a vibration request for the target surface, a second scanning signal is used to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface to collect the resonant frequency of the target surface.

[0010] Based on the resonance frequency of the target surface, a target scanning signal corresponding to the resonance frequency is determined from the stored sample scanning signals of different surfaces;

[0011] The target scanning signal is used to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface.

[0012] Optionally, in response to a vibration request for the target surface, the target surface is vibrated using a second scanning signal to acquire the resonant frequency of the target surface, including:

[0013] In response to a request for vibration of the ground surface at the first firing point, the ground surface at the first firing point is vibrated using a second scanning signal to collect the first resonant frequency of the ground surface at the first firing point.

[0014] Using the target scanning signal, the hammer and flat plate on the target surface are excited, including:

[0015] Based on the target scanning signal corresponding to the first resonance frequency, the hammer and plate on the ground surface at the first firing point are excited.

[0016] Optionally, the target scanning signal is used to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface, including:

[0017] Based on the target scanning signal corresponding to the first resonant frequency of the ground surface at the first firing point, the hammer and plate at the ground surface of the next firing point after the first firing point are excited.

[0018] Optionally, after activating the heavy hammer and flat plate on the ground surface at the next firing point after the first firing point, the method includes:

[0019] Obtain the hammer acceleration and plate acceleration on the ground surface at the next firing point;

[0020] Based on the phase difference between the hammer acceleration and the plate acceleration at the next shot point, the second resonant frequency of the ground surface at the next shot point is obtained.

[0021] Compare whether the difference between the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency is within a preset range;

[0022] Outside the preset range, the hammer and plate on the ground at the next firing point are re-excited based on the target scanning signal corresponding to the second resonance frequency.

[0023] Optionally, the target scanning signal is used to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface, including:

[0024] Obtain the depth at which the flat plate is coupled into the earth's surface;

[0025] Based on the depth, the output amplitude of the target scanning signal is determined;

[0026] The target scanning signal is used to excite the hammer and the plate with the output force amplitude.

[0027] Optionally, the sample scanning signals of the different land surfaces are determined based on different sample resonance frequencies, including:

[0028] Based on the different sample resonance frequencies, the position of amplitude attenuation of the sample scanning signal is determined respectively;

[0029] After the amplitude decay position, the amplitude decay of the sample scan signal is controlled to maintain the excitation energy of the sample scan signal;

[0030] Based on the position of amplitude attenuation at the frequency point and the attenuation rate of the amplitude, the sample scanning signal corresponding to the different sample resonance frequencies is obtained.

[0031] Optionally, after exciting the hammer and plate on the target surface using the target scanning signal, the method includes:

[0032] The first vibration force of the hammer is obtained based on the mass and acceleration of the hammer.

[0033] The second vibration force of the plate is obtained based on the mass and acceleration of the plate.

[0034] The vibration force signal is obtained based on the first vibration force of the hammer and the second vibration force of the plate.

[0035] A second aspect of this application provides a controllable seismic source scanning device, the device comprising:

[0036] The different surface parameter determination module is used to excite the hammer and plate on multiple different surfaces using the first scanning signal, and obtain the hammer acceleration and plate acceleration on multiple different surfaces respectively;

[0037] The sample resonance frequency determination module is used to obtain the sample resonance frequencies of different ground surfaces based on the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the flat plate.

[0038] The storage module is used to determine the sample scanning signals of different land surfaces based on different sample resonance frequencies, and to store the sample scanning signals of different land surfaces.

[0039] The target surface resonance frequency determination module is used to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface using a second scanning signal in response to a vibration request for the target surface, so as to collect the resonance frequency of the target surface.

[0040] The scanning signal determination module is used to determine the target scanning signal corresponding to the resonance frequency from the stored sample scanning signals of different land surfaces based on the resonance frequency of the target land surface.

[0041] The excitation module is used to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface using the target scanning signal.

[0042] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including:

[0043] One or more processors; and

[0044] One or more machine-readable media storing instructions thereon, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the electronic device to perform the controlled source scanning method as described in the first aspect of the embodiments of this application.

[0045] The fourth aspect of this application provides one or more machine-readable storage media having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the processors to perform the controllable source scanning method as described in the first aspect of this application.

[0046] Using the controllable source scanning method provided in this application, different sample scanning signals can be designed and stored for different ground surfaces. In actual operation, the conventional second scanning signal is first used to excite the target ground surface to obtain the resonance frequency of the target ground surface. Then, the target scanning signal corresponding to the resonance frequency of the target ground surface is determined from multiple sample scanning signals, so as to excite the hammer and plate of the target ground surface through the target scanning signal.

[0047] Thus, since the target scanning signal is applicable to different target surfaces, when the target scanning signal applicable to the target surface is used to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface, the plate outputs a vibration force signal with a better vibration effect, and the detector receives an accurate signal. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a controllable seismic source scanning method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the phase difference between the acceleration of the weight and the acceleration of the flat plate, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a sample scanning signal designed for surface 1 with low shear strength according to an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 4This is a sample scanning signal designed for surface 2 with moderate shear strength according to an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a sample scanning signal designed for surface 3 with high shear strength according to an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the coupling depth of a 25% flat plate according to an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a 65% plate coupling depth proposed in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the coupling depth of a 100% flat plate according to an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 9 This is a curve showing the change of a vibration force signal with poor vibration effect according to an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 10 This is a curve diagram showing the change of vibration force signal with poor vibration effect according to an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 11 This is a curve diagram showing the vibration force signal with good vibration effect according to an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 12 This is a spectrum obtained by a detector after exciting the ground surface with a linear scanning signal according to an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 13 This is a spectrum obtained by a detector after the ground surface is excited by a target scanning signal according to an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 14 This is a structural block diagram of a controllable seismic source scanning device proposed in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0063] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] Please see Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a step-by-step flowchart of a controllable source scanning method, which includes the following steps:

[0066] Step 101: Use the first scanning signal to excite multiple hammers and plates on different ground surfaces to obtain the acceleration of the hammers and plates on multiple different ground surfaces.

[0067] In this embodiment, the first scanning signal can be a conventional linear scanning signal, the plate is a plate inserted into and coupled to the ground surface, and the weight is located above the plate. After receiving the first scanning signal, the weight is excited, which in turn excites the plate in contact with it to vibrate, so that the plate generates a vibration force signal that is transmitted into the ground surface.

[0068] When the hammer is excited by the first scanning signal, it will generate hammer acceleration; when the plate is excited by the hammer, it will generate plate acceleration.

[0069] Specifically, an exploration area can be pre-selected, containing surfaces with varying shear strengths such as sandy land, saline-alkali land, and grassland. A first scanning signal is then used to excite a heavy hammer and a flat plate on these surfaces with different shear strengths, respectively, to obtain the accelerations of the heavy hammer and the flat plate on these surfaces. Different shear strengths refer to surfaces with varying hardness.

[0070] Step 102: Obtain the sample resonance frequencies of the different ground surfaces based on the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the flat plate.

[0071] In the embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The vertical axis represents the phase difference, and the horizontal axis represents time. It can monitor the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the plate in real time and calculate the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the plate at the same moment. When the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the plate is a preset phase difference, such as 90 degrees, a resonance phenomenon will occur between the hammer and the plate. The time when the resonance phenomenon occurs is recorded, and the sample resonance frequency generated between the hammer and the plate is obtained based on the time when the resonance phenomenon occurs.

[0072] Specifically, the correspondence between time and frequency can be stored in advance, for example, establishing the correspondence between 1S~3Hz, 2S~13Hz, 3S~23Hz, 5S~53Hz, and 7S~73Hz. Once the time of resonance is known, the resonance frequency can be obtained based on the correspondence between time and frequency.

[0073] For example, please see Figure 2 As shown, when the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the plate is 90 degrees, it is determined that the hammer and the plate have resonated. The time at this moment is recorded as 7 seconds. Based on the correspondence between time and frequency, the resonant frequency is obtained as 73 Hz.

[0074] When the same first scanning signal is used to excite the hammer and plate on different ground surfaces, different sample resonance frequencies will be generated.

[0075] Step 103: Determine the sample scanning signals of different land surfaces based on different sample resonance frequencies, and store the sample scanning signals of different land surfaces.

[0076] In this embodiment, since the sample resonance frequency represents the shear strength of different surfaces, for example, the lower the sample resonance frequency, the lower the shear strength of the surface; the higher the sample resonance frequency, the higher the shear strength of the surface; therefore, sample scanning signals for surfaces with different shear strengths can be designed based on the sample resonance frequencies of surfaces with different shear strengths, and different sample scanning signals respectively conform to the surface characteristics of different shear strengths.

[0077] This allows for the establishment of a correspondence between the resonant frequencies of samples from different land surfaces and the sample scanning signals, and the storage of multiple different sample scanning signals in a scanning signal database.

[0078] In steps 101 to 103, the first scanning signal is used to excite the hammer and plate on different ground surfaces to obtain sample scanning signals that conform to different ground surface characteristics. Essentially, this is a process of obtaining different sample scanning signals through experiments. Steps 104 to 106 below will specifically explain how to determine the sample scanning signal that conforms to the target ground surface from multiple sample scanning signals during actual operation, and use the sample scanning signal that conforms to the geological characteristics of the target ground surface to excite the hammer and plate on the target ground surface.

[0079] Step 104: In response to the vibration request of the target surface, the second scanning signal is used to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface to collect the resonant frequency of the target surface.

[0080] In this embodiment of the application, in actual operation, in response to a vibration request, the second scanning signal can be used to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface to obtain the acceleration of the hammer and the plate on the target surface. When the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the plate on the target surface is a preset phase difference, such as 90 degrees, the resonance frequency of the target surface is recorded.

[0081] The second scanning signal and the first scanning signal are both conventional linear scanning signals, and they can be the same or different; the target surface can be any type of surface with different shear strengths, such as sandy land, saline-alkali land, or grassland.

[0082] Step 105: Based on the resonance frequency of the target surface, determine the target scanning signal corresponding to the resonance frequency from the stored sample scanning signals of different surfaces.

[0083] In this embodiment of the application, after obtaining the resonance frequency of the target surface, based on the correspondence between the sample resonance frequency and the sample scanning signal, the target scanning signal corresponding to the resonance frequency of the target surface is retrieved from the scanning signal database. Thus, the target scanning signal is a sample scanning signal that conforms to the shear strength characteristics of the target surface.

[0084] Step 106: Use the target scanning signal to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface.

[0085] In the traditional excitation process of the target surface, a linear scanning signal, such as a conventional first or second scanning signal, may be used to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface. Since the linear scanning signal cannot adapt to the different shear strengths of the surface, the plate may output a vibration force signal with poor vibration effect, that is, a weak vibration intensity. The detector cannot receive all the signal spectrum based on the vibration force signal with poor vibration effect, resulting in the distorted and inaccurate spectrum received by the detector.

[0086] In this embodiment, sample scanning signals of ground surfaces with different shear strengths are pre-stored in the scanning signal database. Therefore, the target scanning signal obtained from the scanning signal database is a sample scanning signal that conforms to the shear strength characteristics of the target ground surface. This solves the problem of poor vibration effect of the vibration force signal and inaccurate spectrum distortion received by the detector when using the same linear scanning signal from the source of vibration.

[0087] Example 2

[0088] Based on the same inventive concept, Embodiment 2 of this application proposes a controllable seismic source scanning method, which includes the following steps:

[0089] Step 201: Use the first scanning signal to excite multiple hammers and plates on different ground surfaces to obtain the acceleration of the hammers and plates on multiple different ground surfaces.

[0090] This step is the same as step 101, and will not be repeated here.

[0091] Step 202: Obtain the sample resonance frequencies of the different ground surfaces based on the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the flat plate.

[0092] In this embodiment of the application, after obtaining the sample resonance frequency based on the phase difference between the acceleration of the heavy hammer and the acceleration of the flat plate, it is possible to know what kind of surface the current is and to establish a correspondence between the surface and the sample resonance frequency.

[0093] For example, if the obtained sample resonance frequency is low, it can be determined that the current ground surface is a surface with low shear strength, such as grassland; if the obtained sample resonance frequency is high, it can be determined that the current ground surface is a surface with high shear strength, such as saline-alkali land.

[0094] In this embodiment, the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the plate can be monitored in real time, and the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the plate at the same moment can be calculated. When the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the plate is a preset phase difference, such as 90 degrees, a resonance phenomenon will occur between the hammer and the plate. The time of the resonance phenomenon is recorded, and the sample resonance frequency generated between the hammer and the plate is obtained based on the time of the resonance phenomenon.

[0095] Specifically, a correspondence between time and frequency can be established. For example, a correspondence between 1S~3Hz, 2S~13Hz, 3S~23Hz, 5S~53Hz, and 7S~73Hz can be established. Once the time of resonance is known, the resonance frequency can be obtained based on the correspondence between time and frequency.

[0096] For example, please see Figure 2 As shown, when the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the plate is 90 degrees, it is determined that the hammer and the plate have resonated. The time at this moment is recorded as 7 seconds. Based on the correspondence between time and frequency, the resonant frequency is obtained as 73 Hz.

[0097] Step 203: Determine the location of amplitude attenuation of the sample scanning signal based on the sample resonance frequencies of the different ground surfaces.

[0098] In the embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 3 to 5 The different sample scanning signals shown are designed according to different ground surfaces. Since the sample scanning signal is used to excite the hammer, the amplitude of the sample scanning signal is consistent with the amplitude of the hammer acceleration.

[0099] When the sample scanning signal excites the hammer, the excitation energy of the sample scanning signal should be kept at a high level, such as always being 1, so that the vibration force signal output by the hammer after exciting the plate can be detected by the detector. If the excitation energy of the sample scanning signal decreases, the intensity of the vibration force signal output by the plate may be weak and cannot be detected by the detector, thus making the spectrum received by the detector distorted and inaccurate.

[0100] Therefore, when designing a sample scanning signal, the initial amplitude of the sample scanning signal, before resonance occurs, should be kept at 1 to ensure that the excitation energy of the sample scanning signal remains at 1. For example, please refer to... Figures 3 to 5 The three different surface scanning signals shown all maintained an amplitude of 1 before 3S, 4.5S, and 6S.

[0101] After determining the resonant frequencies of samples from different ground surfaces, if the hammer is excited with a sample scanning signal of the same amplitude, the phase difference between the hammer acceleration and the plate acceleration may be greater than 90 degrees. That is, the direction of the hammer acceleration is opposite to the direction of the plate acceleration. At this time, some of the vibration energy between the hammer and the plate may be canceled out, which will lead to a reduction in the excitation energy output by the current sample scanning signal and a reduction in the intensity of the vibration force signal output by the plate.

[0102] Therefore, when designing a sample scanning signal, after determining the sample resonant frequency, the decay time of the sample scanning signal can be determined based on the correspondence between frequency and time. Then, based on the decay time, the position of amplitude decay at the mid-frequency point of the sample scanning signal can be determined. After determining the position of amplitude decay, the amplitude of the sample scanning signal can be designed to gradually decrease after the current amplitude in order to maintain the excitation energy of the sample scanning signal.

[0103] For example, please see Figure 3 The sample scanning signal shown is designed for surface 1 with low shear strength. When the sample resonance frequency of surface 1 is determined to be 23Hz, the resonance time of surface 1 is determined to be 3S according to the correspondence between frequency and time. Therefore, the amplitude corresponding to the 3S position in the sample scanning signal 1 can be the starting position of amplitude decay. After 3S, the amplitude of the sample scanning signal is designed to gradually decrease.

[0104] For example, please refer to Figure 4 The image shows the sample scanning signal of surface 2 with moderate shear strength. When the sample resonance frequency of surface 2 is determined to be 83 Hz, the resonance time of surface 2 is determined to be 4.5 s based on the correspondence between frequency and time. Therefore, the amplitude corresponding to the position of 4.5 s in sample scanning signal 2 can be taken as the starting position of amplitude decay. After 4.5 s, the amplitude of the sample scanning signal is designed to gradually decrease.

[0105] Specifically, by designing the amplitude of the sample scanning signal to gradually decrease when the resonance phenomenon between the hammer and the plate is predicted, the amplitude of the hammer acceleration and the plate acceleration can be reduced, so that the phase difference between the hammer acceleration and the plate acceleration is kept within 90 degrees, and the directions of the hammer acceleration and the plate acceleration are the same. In this way, the vibration energy between the hammer acceleration and the plate acceleration is always superimposed rather than canceled out, so as to ensure that the excitation energy output by the scanning signal is as high as possible, and the vibration force signal output by the plate is strong. When the vibration force signal output by the plate is strong, the detector can also receive an accurate spectrum.

[0106] Step 204: After the amplitude attenuation position at the frequency point, control the amplitude attenuation of the sample scanning signal to maintain the excitation energy of the sample scanning signal.

[0107] In this embodiment of the application, when designing the sample scanning signal, if the amplitude of the sample scanning signal drops to a preset value instantly after the resonance phenomenon occurs, the excitation energy of the hammer acceleration and the plate acceleration will drop to a low value instantly. Thus, even if the energy of the hammer acceleration and the plate acceleration are superimposed, the vibration force signal output by the plate may be weak.

[0108] To avoid this phenomenon, the amplitude of the sample scanning signal can be designed to gradually decrease, and the decay rate of the sample scanning signal can be controlled to be smaller. In this way, the energy accumulated by the sample scanning signal before it decreases to a lower value can be gradually consumed during the decay process, thereby ensuring that the excitation energy of the sample scanning signal remains at a high level at every moment during the decay process, rather than decaying abruptly, so that the vibration force signal output by the plate is stronger.

[0109] Step 205: Based on the position of amplitude attenuation and the attenuation rate of amplitude, obtain the sample scanning signal corresponding to the different sample resonance frequencies.

[0110] In this embodiment of the application, after knowing the location of amplitude attenuation in the sample scanning signal and the attenuation rate of the amplitude at the frequency point, the sample scanning signals of different land surfaces can be plotted with time as the horizontal axis and amplitude as the vertical axis.

[0111] Specifically, the time when resonance occurs between the hammer and the plate can be used as the dividing point. Before the resonance occurs, the amplitude of the sample scanning signal is set to 1. After the resonance occurs, the amplitude of the sample scanning signal is gradually reduced from 1 to the preset position. The attenuation rate during the attenuation process can be determined according to the following formula (1) to finally obtain a sample scanning signal suitable for different ground surfaces.

[0112]

[0113] In formula (1): A i Let be the amplitude of the i-th coordinate point in the sample scan signal. Let P be the decay rate at the i-th coordinate point, and P be the desired maximum amplitude, which is typically 1.

[0114] It is easy to see from formula (1) that after knowing the expected maximum amplitude and the amplitude of the i-th coordinate point, the attenuation rate of the sample scanning signal during the attenuation process can be determined.

[0115] In the technical solution proposed in this application, since different ground surfaces have different sample resonance frequencies, the position of amplitude attenuation of sample scanning signals is designed based on the occurrence time of different sample resonance frequencies, which is suitable for different ground surfaces.

[0116] Step 206: In response to the vibration request of the target surface, the second scanning signal is used to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface to collect the resonant frequency of the target surface.

[0117] In this embodiment of the application, the target ground surface can be the ground surface of the first shot, the ground surface of the next shot point after the first shot, the ground surface of the next shot point after the next shot point, etc. The shear strength of the target ground surface can be the same or different, depending on the specific operation and construction.

[0118] The first shot location is the location of the first shot point in a seismic exploration area, and the next shot point location is the location of the next shot point after the first shot is fired.

[0119] Step 207: Based on the resonance frequency of the target surface, determine the target scanning signal corresponding to the resonance frequency from the stored sample scanning signals of different surfaces.

[0120] Step 208: Obtain the depth at which the flat plate is coupled into the ground surface.

[0121] In this embodiment, flat plates were inserted into the ground surface at different firing points to excite the ground. Depending on the specific construction conditions, the insertion depth of the flat plates may be the same or different on different target surfaces. The depth to which the flat plates are inserted into the ground surface determines the output amplitude of the target scanning signal.

[0122] For example, please refer to Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the depths of the slab's teeth coupled into the ground surface are 25%, 65%, and 100%, respectively. Figures 6 to 8 The triangle in the figure represents the teeth of the flat plate.

[0123] Step 209: Determine the output amplitude of the target scanning signal based on the depth.

[0124] In this embodiment of the application, the correspondence between the coupling depth of the plate and the output amplitude of the scanning signal can be established in advance.

[0125] Serial Number Flat plate tooth coupling depth Output amplitude setting 1 25％ 60％ 2 65％ 65％ 3 100％ 70％

[0126] Table 1

[0127] Please refer to Table 1. The greater the coupling depth between the flat plate and the ground surface, the greater the output amplitude of the target scanning signal.

[0128] Step 210: Excite the hammer and the plate with the target scanning signal at the output force amplitude.

[0129] In this embodiment of the application, a correspondence between the sample resonant frequency and the sample scanning signal can be established; a correspondence between the coupling depth of the plate and the output amplitude can also be established.

[0130] In actual operation, the sample resonance frequency is determined based on the time corresponding to the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the plate when it is the preset phase difference. Then, the target scanning signal is determined from multiple sample scanning signals based on the correspondence between the sample resonance frequency and the sample scanning signal. After observing the coupling depth of the plate, the output amplitude of the target scanning signal is determined based on the correspondence between the coupling depth of the plate and the output amplitude.

[0131] Specifically, when exciting the hammer and plate on the surface of the first firing point, in response to the vibration request of the surface of the first firing point, the second scanning signal is used to vibrate the surface of the first firing point to collect the first resonant frequency of the surface of the first firing point. Based on the target scanning signal corresponding to the first resonant frequency, the hammer and plate on the surface of the first firing point are excited.

[0132] Specifically, the conventional second scanning signal is used to excite the hammer and plate on the ground surface at the first firing point. When the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the plate reaches a preset phase difference, the time when the preset phase difference is reached is recorded. Then, the correspondence between time and frequency is used to find the first resonant frequency corresponding to the time. Then, based on the correspondence between the sample resonant frequency and the sample scanning signal, the target scanning signal corresponding to the first resonant frequency is found. Finally, the target scanning signal is used to excite the hammer and plate on the ground surface at the first firing point again to obtain the vibration force signal of the plate on the ground surface of the first firing point.

[0133] Specifically, when exciting the surface of the next firing point after the first firing point, the hammer and plate of the next firing point surface are excited based on the target scanning signal corresponding to the first resonance frequency of the first firing point surface; the acceleration of the hammer and the plate of the next firing point surface are obtained; the second resonance frequency of the next firing point surface is obtained based on the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the plate of the next firing point surface; the difference between the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency is compared to see if it is within a preset range; if it is outside the preset range, the hammer and plate of the next firing point surface are re-excited based on the target scanning signal corresponding to the second resonance frequency.

[0134] Specifically, the target scanning signal from the first shot's surface is used to excite the hammer and plate on the surface of the next shot point. When the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the plate reaches a preset phase difference, the time when the preset phase difference is reached is recorded. Then, using the correspondence between time and frequency, the second resonance frequency corresponding to the time is found. The difference between the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency is compared to see if it is within a preset range. If it is within the preset range, the surface of the next shot point is not excited again. If it is not within the preset range (outside the preset range), based on the sample resonance frequency and the sample scanning signal, the target scanning signal corresponding to the second resonance frequency is queried from the scanning signal database, and the surface of the next shot point is re-excited using the target scanning signal corresponding to the second resonance frequency.

[0135] During this process, if the difference between the first and second resonance frequencies is within a preset range, it indicates that the shear strength of the ground surface at the next firing point is basically the same as that at the first firing point. Therefore, it is not necessary to re-excite the ground surface at the next firing point, thereby reducing the labor costs associated with re-excitation. If the difference between the first and second resonance frequencies is not within a preset range, it indicates that the shear strength of the ground surface at the next firing point is inconsistent with that at the first firing point. Therefore, it is necessary to re-excite using the target scanning signal corresponding to the second resonance frequency.

[0136] Accordingly, the excitation method of the first shot surface and the next shot surface can be used. In the excitation process of subsequent shot points, the target scanning method corresponding to the previous shot surface can be used to excite the next shot surface. If the resonance frequency of the two is within the preset range, the next shot surface will not be re-excited; if the resonance frequency of the two is outside the preset range, the resonance frequency of the next shot surface will be used to obtain the target scanning signal and re-excite the next shot surface.

[0137] The preset range can be [-5,5], and can be set according to the actual situation. This application does not impose any restrictions on it.

[0138] Step 211: Obtain the first vibration force of the hammer based on its mass and acceleration; obtain the second vibration force of the plate based on its mass and acceleration.

[0139] In this embodiment of the application, after the target scanning signal is used to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface, the plate will generate a vibration force signal that penetrates into the ground surface. This vibration force signal is obtained by combining the first vibration force of the hammer and the second vibration force of the plate.

[0140] Specifically, the expression for the first vibrational force of the hammer is:

[0141] f1=m1a1 (2)

[0142] In formula (2): f1 is the first vibration force; m1 is the mass of the hammer; a1 is the acceleration of the hammer.

[0143] Specifically, the expression for the second vibration force of the plate is:

[0144] f2=m2a2 (3)

[0145] In formula (2): f2 is the first vibration force; m2 is the mass of the hammer; a2 is the acceleration of the hammer.

[0146] Step 212: Obtain the vibration force signal based on the first vibration force of the hammer and the second vibration force of the plate.

[0147] In this embodiment of the application, the first vibration force of the hammer and the second vibration force of the plate at the same moment can be added together to obtain the vibration force signal; the same calculation method can be used to obtain the vibration force signal at different moments.

[0148] Please refer to Figures 9 to 11 As shown, after using conventional linear scanning signals to excite the hammer and plate on different surfaces such as surface 1, surface 2, and surface 3, vibration force signals 1-1, 2-1, and 3-1 were obtained, respectively. It can be seen that the curve of vibration force signal 1-1 is uneven, indicating that vibration force signal 1-1 has a poor vibration effect on surface 1 and the vibration signal is generally weak; the curve of vibration force signal 2 drops sharply after 10 seconds, indicating that vibration force signal 2-1 has a poor vibration effect on surface 2; the curve of vibration force signal 3-1 remains stable and uniform, indicating a good vibration effect on surface 3.

[0149] It is evident that conventional technical solutions, when using linear scanning signals to excite different ground surfaces, produce varying vibration effects. In cases of poor or very poor vibration effects, the signal detected by the detector is... Figure 12 The signal spectrum shown Figure 12 At frequencies above 120Hz, the detector cannot receive the vibration force signal emitted by the plate (it becomes 0), resulting in a distorted and inaccurate spectrum received by the detector.

[0150] In the technical solution proposed in this application, since the target surface is excited by a target scanning signal adapted to the target surface, the output of the flat panel after exciting the target surface using the target scanning signal should be as follows: Figure 3-1 The vibration effect shown is good, maintaining a uniform and strong vibration force signal; correspondingly, the vibration force signal detected by the detector from the plate output should be as follows. Figure 13 As shown, Figure 13 Even at frequencies above 120Hz, the detector can still receive signals, so the spectrum received by the detector is accurate.

[0151] Example 3

[0152] Based on the same inventive concept, please refer to Figure 14 As shown, another embodiment of this application provides a controllable seismic source scanning device, the device comprising:

[0153] The different surface parameter determination module is used to excite the hammer and plate on multiple different surfaces using the first scanning signal, and obtain the hammer acceleration and plate acceleration on multiple different surfaces respectively;

[0154] The sample resonance frequency determination module is used to obtain the sample resonance frequencies of different ground surfaces based on the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the flat plate.

[0155] The storage module is used to determine the sample scanning signals of different land surfaces based on different sample resonance frequencies, and to store the sample scanning signals of different land surfaces.

[0156] The target surface resonance frequency determination module is used to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface using a second scanning signal in response to a vibration request for the target surface, so as to collect the resonance frequency of the target surface.

[0157] The scanning signal determination module is used to determine the target scanning signal corresponding to the resonance frequency from the stored sample scanning signals of different land surfaces based on the resonance frequency of the target land surface.

[0158] The excitation module is used to excite the hammer and plate on the target surface using the target scanning signal.

[0159] Optionally, the target surface resonance frequency determination module includes:

[0160] The first resonant frequency acquisition module is used to respond to the vibration request of the ground surface of the first firing point by using the second scanning signal to vibrate the ground surface of the first firing point in order to acquire the first resonant frequency of the ground surface of the first firing point.

[0161] The activation module includes:

[0162] The first excitation module is used to excite the hammer and plate on the ground surface at the first firing point based on the target scanning signal corresponding to the first resonance frequency.

[0163] Optionally, the excitation module includes:

[0164] The second excitation module is used to excite the hammer and plate on the surface of the next firing point after the first firing point, based on the target scanning signal corresponding to the first resonant frequency of the surface at the first firing point.

[0165] Optionally, the device includes:

[0166] The next shot point parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the hammer acceleration and plate acceleration of the ground surface at the next shot point;

[0167] The second resonance frequency acquisition module is used to acquire the second resonance frequency of the ground surface at the next shot point based on the phase difference between the acceleration of the hammer and the acceleration of the flat plate at the ground surface at the next shot point.

[0168] The comparison module is used to compare whether the difference between the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency is within a preset range;

[0169] The re-excitation module is used to re-excite the hammer and plate on the ground surface of the next firing point when the target scanning signal corresponding to the second resonance frequency is outside the preset range.

[0170] Optionally, the excitation module includes:

[0171] A depth acquisition module is used to acquire the depth of the flat plate coupled to the earth's surface;

[0172] The output amplitude determination module is used to determine the output amplitude of the target scanning signal based on the depth.

[0173] The third excitation module is used to excite the hammer and the plate with the target scanning signal at the output force amplitude.

[0174] Optionally, the scan signal determination module includes:

[0175] The attenuation position determination module is used to determine the position of amplitude attenuation of the sample scanning signal according to the different sample resonance frequencies;

[0176] The attenuation rate setting module is used to control the amplitude attenuation of the sample scanning signal after the position of amplitude attenuation, so as to maintain the excitation energy of the sample scanning signal;

[0177] The scanning signal determination submodule is used to obtain the sample scanning signal corresponding to the different sample resonance frequencies based on the position of amplitude attenuation at the frequency point and the attenuation rate of the amplitude.

[0178] Optionally, the device includes:

[0179] The first vibration force determination module is used to obtain the first vibration force of the hammer based on the mass and acceleration of the hammer.

[0180] The second vibration force determination module is used to obtain the second vibration force of the plate based on the mass and acceleration of the plate.

[0181] The vibration force signal determination module is used to obtain a vibration force signal based on the first vibration force of the hammer and the second vibration force of the plate.

[0182] Example 4

[0183] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this application propose an electronic device, including:

[0184] One or more processors; and

[0185] One or more machine-readable media storing instructions thereon, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the electronic device to perform the controlled source scanning method as described above.

[0186] Example 5

[0187] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this application propose one or more machine-readable storage media, characterized in that they store instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the processors to perform the controllable source scanning method as described above.

[0188] As the device embodiment is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and relevant parts can be found in the description of the method embodiment.

[0189] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0190] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, apparatus, or computer program products. Therefore, embodiments of this application can take the form of entirely hardware embodiments, entirely software embodiments, or embodiments combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of this application can take the form of computer program products implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0191] This application describes embodiments with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal device to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0192] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0193] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipment, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable terminal equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable terminal equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0194] Although preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0195] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element.

[0196] The controllable seismic source scanning method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium provided in this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method of vibroseis scanning, the method comprising: The method comprises: using a first scanning signal to excite the weight and the plate on a plurality of different surfaces to obtain the weight acceleration and the plate acceleration on the plurality of different surfaces respectively; obtaining the sample resonance frequency of the different surfaces according to the phase difference between the weight acceleration and the plate acceleration; determining the sample scanning signal of the different surfaces according to the different sample resonance frequencies, and storing the sample scanning signal of the different surfaces; in response to a vibration request for a target surface, using a second scanning signal to excite the weight and the plate on the target surface to collect the resonance frequency of the target surface; based on the resonance frequency of the target surface, determining the target scanning signal corresponding to the resonance frequency from the stored sample scanning signal of the different surfaces; using the target scanning signal to excite the weight and the plate on the target surface; in response to a vibration request for a target surface, using a second scanning signal to vibrate the target surface to collect the resonance frequency of the target surface, comprising: in response to a vibration request for a first shot point surface, using a second scanning signal to vibrate the first shot point surface to collect a first resonance frequency of the first shot point surface; using the target scanning signal to excite the weight and the plate on the target surface, comprising: based on the target scanning signal corresponding to the first resonance frequency, exciting the weight and the plate on the first shot point surface; determining the sample scanning signal of the different surfaces according to the different sample resonance frequencies, comprising: determining the position of amplitude attenuation of the sample scanning signal according to the different sample resonance frequencies respectively; after the position of amplitude attenuation, controlling the amplitude attenuation of the sample scanning signal to maintain the excitation energy of the sample scanning signal; based on the position of amplitude attenuation of the frequency point and the attenuation speed of the amplitude, obtaining the sample scanning signal corresponding to the different sample resonance frequencies.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, using the target scanning signal to excite the weight and the plate on the target surface, comprising: based on the target scanning signal corresponding to the first resonance frequency of the first shot point surface, exciting the weight and the plate on a next shot point surface after the first shot point surface.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, after exciting the weight and the plate on the next shot point surface after the first shot point, the method comprises: obtaining the weight acceleration and the plate acceleration of the next shot point surface; obtaining a second resonance frequency of the next shot point surface according to the phase difference between the weight acceleration and the plate acceleration of the next shot point surface; comparing whether the difference between the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency is within a preset range; in the case that the difference is not within the preset range, re-exciting the weight and the plate on the next shot point surface based on the target scanning signal corresponding to the second resonance frequency.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, using the target scanning signal to excite the weight and the plate on the target surface, comprising: obtaining the depth of the plate coupled into the surface; determining the output amplitude of the target scanning signal according to the depth; exciting the weight and the plate with the target scanning signal at the output amplitude.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method comprises: after the hammer and the plate of the target ground are excited by the target scanning signal, the method comprises: obtaining a first vibration force of the hammer according to the mass of the hammer and the acceleration of the hammer; obtaining a second vibration force of the plate according to the mass of the plate and the acceleration of the plate; 6. A seismic source scanning apparatus, comprising: obtaining a vibration force signal according to the first vibration force of the hammer and the second vibration force of the plate. The device comprises: a different ground parameter determination module, configured to excite the hammer and the plate of multiple different grounds by a first scanning signal, and obtain the hammer acceleration and the plate acceleration on the multiple different grounds respectively; a sample resonance frequency determination module, configured to obtain the sample resonance frequency of the different grounds according to the phase difference between the hammer acceleration and the plate acceleration; a storage module, configured to determine the sample scanning signal of the different grounds according to the different sample resonance frequencies, and store the sample scanning signal of the different grounds; a target ground resonance frequency determination module, configured to excite the hammer and the plate of a target ground by a second scanning signal in response to a vibration request of the target ground, so as to collect the resonance frequency of the target ground; a scanning signal determination module, configured to determine the target scanning signal corresponding to the resonance frequency of the target ground from the stored sample scanning signal of the different grounds based on the resonance frequency of the target ground; an excitation module, configured to excite the hammer and the plate of the target ground by the target scanning signal; The target ground resonance frequency determination module comprises: a first resonance frequency collection module, configured to excite the first shot point ground by a second scanning signal in response to a vibration request of the first shot point ground, so as to collect the first resonance frequency of the first shot point ground; The excitation module comprises: a second excitation module, configured to excite the hammer and the plate of the next shot point ground after the first shot point ground by the target scanning signal corresponding to the first resonance frequency of the first shot point ground; The scanning signal determination module comprises: an attenuation position determination module, configured to determine the position of amplitude attenuation of the sample scanning signal according to the different sample resonance frequencies respectively; an attenuation speed setting module, configured to control the amplitude attenuation of the sample scanning signal after the position of amplitude attenuation, so as to maintain the excitation energy of the sample scanning signal; 7. An electronic device, comprising: a scanning signal determination submodule, configured to obtain the sample scanning signal corresponding to the different sample resonance frequencies based on the position of amplitude attenuation of the frequency point and the attenuation speed of the amplitude. comprise: one or more processors; and 8. One or more machine -readable storage media, comprising, one or more machine-readable media having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the electronic device to perform the controllable source scanning method of any one of claims 1-5. one or more machine-readable media having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the electronic device to perform the controllable source scanning method of any one of claims 1-5.

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