Electricity Market Clearing System

Abstract

This application discloses a power market clearing system applied to power systems, including a shared energy storage system and a user-side clearing scheme determination module. The shared energy storage system is constructed based on the participation of users, the power grid, shared energy storage investors, and photovoltaic power plants; the investment model is user-built and self-used shared energy storage; and the operating model is multiple users collectively paying the power grid. The user-side clearing scheme determination module is used to determine the user-side clearing scheme based on a pre-constructed power market clearing equilibrium model. The power market clearing equilibrium model is constructed based on the Cournot equilibrium model and power system carbon emission data, with the user's annual comprehensive cost as the optimization objective. This application helps reduce users' energy storage costs and improves the universality of energy storage devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power technology, and in particular to a power market clearing system. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of low-carbon, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly technologies across various industries, the power industry is also undergoing corresponding energy supply reforms. As end-consumers and major investors in self-built renewable energy sources, users play a crucial role in reducing their costs by utilizing the characteristics of energy storage—low storage and high release. However, due to the high cost and limited lifespan of energy storage equipment, the installation rate of energy storage devices on the user side is not high, limiting its practicality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an electricity market clearing system that helps reduce energy storage costs for users and improves the versatility of energy storage devices.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0005] This invention provides an electricity market clearing system, including a shared energy storage system and a user-side clearing scheme determination module;

[0006] The shared energy storage system is constructed based on the following: users, grid, shared energy storage investors and photovoltaic power plants are the participants; the investment model is user-built and self-used shared energy storage; and the operation model is multiple users as a whole paying the grid.

[0007] The user-side clearing scheme determination module is used to determine the user-side clearing scheme based on a pre-built electricity market clearing equilibrium model. The electricity market clearing equilibrium model is constructed based on the Cournot equilibrium model and the carbon emission data of the power system, with the annual comprehensive cost of users as the optimization objective.

[0008] Optionally, the user-side clearing scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0009] The system carbon emissions of the power system are determined based on the carbon emissions generated by different users purchasing electricity, the carbon emissions generated by photovoltaic power plants, and the carbon emissions generated by shared energy storage devices.

[0010] Based on the investment, operation and maintenance costs and carbon emission costs of the photovoltaic power station and the shared energy storage equipment, as well as the electricity consumption information of the users, the objective function is determined to be the lowest annual comprehensive cost for multiple users.

[0011] The clearing conditions of the energy market are determined based on the constraints of electricity supply and demand balance and the inverse demand function.

[0012] A power market clearing equilibrium model is constructed based on the Cournot equilibrium model, the system carbon emissions, the objective function, and the clearing conditions.

[0013] Optionally, the user-side clearing scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0014] The carbon emission calculation formula is used to calculate the system carbon emissions of the power system; the carbon emission calculation formula is:

[0015] C = C e,g +C e,bess +C e,pv ;

[0016] in, C e,bess =ε bess E1, C e,pv =ε pv E2;

[0017] In the formula, C represents the system's carbon emissions. e,g C e,bess C e,pv Carbon emissions from industrial users purchasing electricity, carbon emissions from photovoltaic power plants, and carbon emissions from shared energy storage devices, respectively. g , ε bess , ε pv The carbon emission coefficients (P) for industrial users' active electricity purchases, photovoltaic power plants, and shared energy storage devices are respectively. g,t E1 represents the amount of electricity purchased by industrial users from the upstream power grid per hour, E2 represents the rated capacity of the shared energy storage device, and E2 represents the installed capacity of the photovoltaic power station.

[0018] Optionally, the user-side clearing scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0019] Based on the user's annual electricity bill, basic electricity fee, investment, operation and maintenance costs of the photovoltaic power station and the shared energy storage equipment, and carbon emission costs, the objective function is determined to be the lowest comprehensive annual cost for multiple users. The objective function is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula: F1 is the total annual cost, C 1,i For user i's electricity bill, C 2,i C1 represents the basic electricity cost for user i, C2 represents the annual investment and operation and maintenance costs of the shared energy storage equipment, and C3 represents the annual investment and operation and maintenance costs of the shared energy storage equipment. 4,i C5 represents the annual photovoltaic investment cost and operation and maintenance cost for user i, while C5 represents the cost of carbon emissions.

[0022] Optionally, the user-side clearing scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0023] The electricity bill calculation formula is used to calculate the electricity bill for each user; the electricity bill calculation formula is as follows:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, C1 is the user's electricity fee, F 2,d The daily scheduling cost for the user on day d.

[0026] Optionally, the user-side clearing scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0027] The basic electricity charge calculation formula is used to calculate the basic electricity charge for each user; the basic electricity charge calculation formula is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula: C2 is the user's basic electricity fee, n r To meet the electricity needs of users, P max P represents the actual maximum demand value. c This is 1.05 times the maximum approved demand.

[0030] Optionally, the user-side clearing scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0031] The annual investment cost and operation and maintenance cost of the shared energy storage equipment are calculated using the cost calculation formula for the shared energy storage equipment. The cost calculation formula for the shared energy storage equipment is as follows:

[0032] C3 = C3' + C3'

[0033] in, C3”=b p P1;

[0034] In the formula: C3' is the investment cost of the shared energy storage equipment, C3" is the operation and maintenance cost of the shared energy storage equipment, and a e For unit energy storage capacity, b e Let P1 be the rated power of the shared energy storage device, r be the annual discount rate, Y be the energy storage lifetime, and b be the unit energy storage capacity and unit electricity cost. p This refers to the annual operation and maintenance unit price for energy storage.

[0035] Optionally, the user-side clearing scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0036] The annual photovoltaic (PV) investment cost and operation and maintenance cost for a user are calculated using the PV power plant cost calculation formula. The PV power plant cost calculation formula is as follows:

[0037] C4 = C'4 + C'4';

[0038] in, C″4=βW;

[0039] In the formula: C4 represents the user's annual photovoltaic investment cost and operation and maintenance cost, C'4 represents the investment cost of the photovoltaic power station, C″4 represents the operation and maintenance cost of the photovoltaic power station, W represents photovoltaic power generation, H represents the annual peak sunshine hours, μ represents the photovoltaic power generation efficiency, and c e ω represents the unit installed capacity cost of photovoltaic power generation, r represents the annual discount rate, Y represents the lifespan of the photovoltaic system, and β represents the operation and maintenance coefficient of the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0040] Optionally, the user-side clearing scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0041] The constraint relationship of the shared energy storage device is invoked as a constraint condition for the objective function. The constraint relationship of the shared energy storage device is as follows:

[0042] SOC(t) min ≤SOC(t)≤SOC(t) max ;

[0043] B c,t,d +B dis,t,d ≤1;

[0044] Where: SOC(t) min SOC(t) max These are the upper and lower limits of the permissible charging state of the shared energy storage device, respectively, B. c,t,d B dis,t,d It is 0 or 1, and B c,t,d B dis,t,d These represent the charging and discharging states of the shared energy storage device, respectively.

[0045] Optionally, the user-side clearing scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0046] The clearing condition equation is invoked as the clearing condition for the energy market; the clearing condition equation is:

[0047] E(t)=E dis (t)+E S (t);

[0048] E(t)=E D (t);

[0049] λ(t)=α(t)-β(t)E D (t);

[0050] In the formula: E(t) is the load demand, E D (t) represents the load demand during time period t, E dis (t), E S α(t) and β(t) represent the photovoltaic output and remaining energy storage capacity of the user at time t, respectively. α(t) and β(t) are the coefficients of the market inverse demand function at time t, and λ(t) represents the energy market price at time t.

[0051] The advantages of the technical solution provided in this application are that the shared storage system can guarantee the benefits of each user, ensure the rationality of electricity market clearing, effectively reduce the cost of storage equipment, significantly increase the probability of users installing energy storage equipment, improve the universality of energy storage equipment, and help achieve low-carbon, energy-saving and environmentally friendly practices in the power sector.

[0052] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0053] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0054] Figure 1 A structural diagram illustrating a specific implementation of the electricity market clearing system provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0055] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of another specific implementation of the electricity market clearing system provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may include steps or units not listed. Various non-limiting embodiments of this application are described in detail below.

[0058] First see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a power market clearing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention may include the following:

[0059] The electricity market clearing system of this application includes a shared energy storage system 1 and a user-side clearing scheme determination module 2. The electricity market clearing system can serve as an information platform, which can be a webpage. Authorized users can log in to this webpage via the internet to obtain real-time information related to the user-side clearing scheme. The electricity market clearing system can also be an app, compatible with and installable on any operating system, such as Android, Apple, Windows, or Linux. Authorized users can obtain real-time information related to the user-side clearing scheme after logging into the app. The data processed by the shared energy storage system 1 and the user-side clearing scheme determination module 2 in the process of implementing their respective functions includes, but is not limited to, electricity market clearing equilibrium models, user-side clearing schemes, carbon emission data of the power system, and annual comprehensive user costs, all of which are electronic data that can be processed on a computer.

[0060] The shared energy storage system 1 is constructed by including users, the power grid, shared energy storage investors, and photovoltaic power plants as participants, using user-built and self-used shared energy storage as the investment model, and multiple users as a whole paying the power grid as the operation model. The participants in the shared energy storage system 1 of this embodiment include users, the power grid, shared energy storage investors, and photovoltaic power plants. Its investment methods mainly include multi-user co-construction, third-party investor construction, or cooperation between different stakeholders. The shared energy storage system 1 of this embodiment uses user-built and self-used shared energy storage as the investment model. When a two-part tariff is implemented, multiple users pay the power grid as a whole. The user-side clearing scheme determination module 2 is used to determine the user-side clearing scheme based on a pre-constructed electricity market clearing equilibrium model. The electricity market clearing equilibrium model of this embodiment considers cost amortization and shared energy storage, and is constructed based on the Cournot equilibrium model and carbon emission data of the power system, with the user's annual comprehensive cost as the optimization objective. The optimization objective is the ultimate goal to be achieved, such as minimizing the user's annual comprehensive cost. The Cournot equilibrium model can be any existing Cournot equilibrium model, which does not affect the implementation of this application.

[0061] In the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the shared storage system can guarantee the benefits of each user and ensure the rationality of the power market clearing, effectively reduce the cost of storage equipment, significantly increase the probability of users installing energy storage equipment, improve the universality of energy storage equipment, and help achieve low-carbon, energy-saving and environmental protection in the power sector.

[0062] The above embodiments do not impose any limitations on how to construct the electricity market clearing equilibrium model. This application also provides an optional model construction method, which may include the following:

[0063] The user-side clearing scheme determination module 2 is also used to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0064] The system carbon emissions of the power system are determined based on the carbon emissions generated by different users purchasing electricity, the carbon emissions generated by photovoltaic power plants, and the carbon emissions generated by shared energy storage devices.

[0065] Based on the investment, operation and maintenance costs and carbon emission costs of photovoltaic power plants and shared energy storage equipment, as well as the electricity consumption information of users, the objective function is determined to be the lowest comprehensive annual cost for multiple users.

[0066] The clearing conditions of the energy market are determined based on the constraints of electricity supply and demand balance and the inverse demand function.

[0067] A power market clearing equilibrium model is constructed based on the Cournot equilibrium model, system carbon emissions, objective function, and clearing conditions.

[0068] In this embodiment, the carbon emissions of the entire power system include carbon emissions from electricity purchases by different users, as well as carbon emissions from photovoltaic power plants and shared energy storage devices. The clearing conditions of the energy market include electricity supply and demand balance constraints and inverse demand functions. The electricity market clearing equilibrium model is a two-level optimization model, with the clearing conditions at the bottom level. Substituting the energy market clearing conditions into the upper-level optimization model yields a single-level optimization model; based on this, the first-order KKT optimal conditions for each market member's single-level optimization model are solved sequentially. Finally, considering the KKT conditions of all market members simultaneously, a new unified single-level optimization model is obtained. The transformed new model belongs to a mixed-integer quadratic programming problem. Finally, the mixed-integer quadratic programming problem is solved using the optimization software CPLEX.

[0069] As an optional implementation, the carbon emissions can be determined as follows: The user-side cleanup scheme determination module is also used to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory: calling the carbon emission calculation formula to calculate the system carbon emissions of the power system; the carbon emission calculation formula is:

[0070] C = C e,g +C e,bess+C e,pv ;

[0071] in, C e,bess =ε bess E1, C e,pv =ε pv E2;

[0072] In the formula, C represents the system's carbon emissions. e,g C e,bess C e,pv The carbon emissions are calculated as follows: carbon emissions from industrial users purchasing electricity, carbon emissions from photovoltaic power plants, and carbon emissions from shared energy storage devices. Photovoltaic power plants and shared energy storage devices primarily generate carbon emissions during the production, transportation, and usage phases. g , ε bess , ε pv The carbon emission coefficients (P) for industrial users' active electricity purchases, photovoltaic power plants, and shared energy storage devices are respectively. g,t E1 represents the amount of electricity purchased by industrial users from the upstream power grid per hour, E2 represents the rated capacity of the shared energy storage device, and E2 represents the installed capacity of the photovoltaic power station.

[0073] As an optional implementation, the method for optimizing the shared energy storage capacity and power, or the method for determining the optimization target, can be as follows: The user-side clearing scheme determination module is also used to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0074] Based on users' annual electricity costs, basic electricity costs, investment and operation and maintenance costs of photovoltaic power stations and shared energy storage equipment, and carbon emission costs, the objective function is determined to be the lowest comprehensive annual cost for multiple users. The objective function is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] In the formula: F1 is the total annual cost, C 1,i For user i's electricity bill, C 2,i C1 represents the basic electricity cost for user i, C2 represents the annual investment and operation and maintenance costs of the shared energy storage equipment, and C3 represents the annual investment and operation and maintenance costs of the shared energy storage equipment. 4,i C5 represents the annual photovoltaic investment cost and operation and maintenance cost for user i, while C5 represents the cost of carbon emissions.

[0077] As an optional implementation of this embodiment, for determining the electricity cost of any user, the user-side clearing scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0078] Use the electricity bill calculation formula to calculate the electricity bill for each user; the electricity bill calculation formula is:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, C1 is the user's electricity fee, F 2,d The daily scheduling cost for the user on day d.

[0081] As another optional implementation of this embodiment, for determining the basic electricity fee for any user, the user-side clearing scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0082] Use the basic electricity charge calculation formula to calculate the basic electricity charge for each user; the basic electricity charge calculation formula is:

[0083]

[0084] In the formula: C2 is the user's basic electricity fee, n r To meet the electricity needs of users, P max P represents the actual maximum demand value. c This is 1.05 times the maximum approved demand.

[0085] As another optional implementation of this embodiment, for determining the cost of shared energy storage devices, the user-side clearing scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0086] Using the cost calculation formula for shared energy storage equipment, calculate the annual investment cost and operation and maintenance cost of the shared energy storage equipment; the cost calculation formula for shared energy storage equipment is:

[0087] C3 = C3' + C3'

[0088] in, C3”=b p P1;

[0089] In the formula: C3' is the investment cost of the shared energy storage equipment, C3" is the operation and maintenance cost of the shared energy storage equipment, and a e For unit energy storage capacity, b e Let P1 be the rated power of the shared energy storage device, r be the annual discount rate, Y be the energy storage lifetime, and b be the unit energy storage capacity and unit electricity cost. p This refers to the annual operation and maintenance unit price for energy storage.

[0090] As another optional implementation of this embodiment, for determining the cost of a photovoltaic power plant, the user-side clearing scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0091] Using the photovoltaic power plant cost calculation formula, calculate the user's annual photovoltaic investment cost and operation and maintenance cost; the photovoltaic power plant cost calculation formula is:

[0092] C4 = C'4 + C'4';

[0093] in, C'4' = βW;

[0094] In the formula: C4 represents the user's annual photovoltaic investment cost and operation and maintenance cost, C'4 represents the investment cost of the photovoltaic power station, C'4' represents the operation and maintenance cost of the photovoltaic power station, W represents photovoltaic power generation, H represents the annual peak sunshine hours, μ represents the photovoltaic power generation efficiency, and c e Let ω be the unit installed capacity cost of photovoltaic power generation, ω be the total investment coefficient of photovoltaic module array, r be the annual discount rate, Y be the lifespan of photovoltaic power generation, and β be the operation and maintenance coefficient of photovoltaic power generation system, with a value of 0.87 yuan / kWh.

[0095] As another optional implementation of this embodiment, for determining the cost of carbon emissions, the user-side cleanup scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0096] The carbon emission cost calculation formula is used to calculate the carbon emission cost of the power system; the carbon emission cost calculation formula is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula: C co2 This represents the unit price of carbon dioxide.

[0099] Furthermore, to extend the lifespan of shared storage devices, it is necessary to prevent overcharging and over-discharging, and to limit their state of charge (SOC). Shared energy storage can only be charged or discharged simultaneously. Accordingly, the user-side clearing scheme determination module is also used to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory:

[0100] The constraint relationships of the shared energy storage device are used as constraints for the objective function. The constraint relationships of the shared energy storage device are as follows:

[0101] SOC(t) min ≤SOC(t)≤SOC(t) max ;

[0102] B c,t,d +B dis,t,d ≤1;

[0103] Where: SOC(t) min SOC(t) max These represent the upper and lower limits of the permissible charging state of shared energy storage devices, respectively. c,t,d B dis,t,d It is 0 or 1, and Bc,t,d B dis,t,d These represent the charging and discharging states of the shared energy storage device, respectively.

[0104] Optionally, the lower-level model of the Cournot equilibrium model of the electricity market that considers carbon emission costs is the energy market clearing condition. The user-side clearing scheme determination module is also used to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in memory:

[0105] The clearing condition equation is invoked as the clearing condition for the energy market; the clearing condition equation is:

[0106] E(t)=E dis (t)+E S (t);

[0107] E(t)=E D (t);

[0108] λ(t)=α(t)-β(t)E D (t);

[0109] In the formula: E(t) is the load demand, E D (t) represents the load demand during time period t, E dis (t), E S α(t) and β(t) represent the photovoltaic output and remaining energy storage capacity of the user at time t, respectively. α(t) and β(t) are the coefficients of the market inverse demand function at time t, and λ(t) represents the energy market price at time t.

[0110] The electricity market clearing system mentioned above can be applied to the market as a standalone electronic device 12. Electronic device 12 is a general-purpose computer device, which may include one or more processors or processing units 16, a system memory 28, and a bus 18 connecting different system components, including the system memory 28 and the processing units 16. Computer programs implementing the functions of each module of the electricity market clearing system are stored in the memory. The processor executes these computer programs to implement the functions of the electricity market clearing system as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0111] Bus 18 represents one or more of several bus architectures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processor, or a local bus using any of the various bus architectures. For example, these architectures include, but are not limited to, the Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, the Micro Channel Architecture (MAC) bus, the Enhanced ISA bus, the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, and the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0112] Device 12 typically includes a variety of computer system readable media. These media can be any available media that can be accessed by device 12, including volatile and non-volatile media, removable and non-removable media.

[0113] System memory 28 may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) 30 and / or cache memory 32. Device 12 may further include other removable / non-removable, volatile / non-volatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, storage system 34 may be used to read and write non-removable, non-volatile magnetic media (…). Figure 2 Not shown; usually referred to as a "hard drive"). Although Figure 2 Not shown, a disk drive for reading and writing to a removable non-volatile disk (e.g., a "floppy disk") and an optical disk drive for reading and writing to a removable non-volatile optical disk (e.g., a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to bus 18 via one or more data media interfaces. Memory 28 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules configured to perform the functions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0114] A program / utility 40 having a set (at least one) of program modules 42 may be stored, for example, in memory 28. Such program modules 42 include, but are not limited to, an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data. Each or some combination of these examples may include an implementation of a network environment. Program modules 42 typically perform the functions and / or methods described in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0115] The processing unit 16 executes various functional applications and data processing by running programs stored in the system memory 28, such as implementing the electricity market clearing method for power generators considering user-side carbon responsibility provided in this embodiment of the invention. The processor may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor or an 8-core processor. The processor may also be a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or other data processing chip. The processor may be implemented using at least one hardware form of DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor is used to process data in the wake-up state, also known as a CPU (Central Processing Unit); the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor may integrate a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content required to be displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, the processor may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor for handling computational operations related to machine learning.

[0116] Device 12 can also communicate with one or more external devices 14 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display 24, etc.), and with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with device 12, and / or with any device that enables device 12 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.). This communication can be performed via input / output (I / O) interface 22. Furthermore, device 12 can also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and / or public networks, such as the Internet) via network adapter 20. Figure 2 As shown, network adapter 20 communicates with other modules of device 12 via bus 18. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figure, other hardware and / or software modules can be used in conjunction with device 12, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems.

[0117] The aforementioned equipment provides a reference for calculating the participation of power generators in the electricity market clearing process, taking into account user-side carbon responsibility.

[0118] It is understood that if the electricity market clearing system in the above embodiments is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and executes all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: USB flash drive, mobile hard drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable ROM, register, hard disk, multimedia card, card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory), magnetic memory, removable disk, CD-ROM, magnetic disk or optical disk, and other media capable of storing program code.

[0119] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the hardware disclosed in the embodiments, including devices and electronic equipment, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0120] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0121] The above provides a detailed description of the electricity market clearing system provided in this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of the invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A power market clearing system, characterized in that, This includes modules for determining shared energy storage systems and user-side clearing schemes; The shared energy storage system is constructed based on the following: users, grid, shared energy storage investors and photovoltaic power plants are the participants; the investment model is user-built and self-used shared energy storage; and the operation model is multiple users as a whole paying the grid. The user-side clearing scheme determination module is used to determine the user-side clearing scheme based on a pre-built electricity market clearing equilibrium model; the electricity market clearing equilibrium model is constructed based on the Cournot equilibrium model and the carbon emission data of the power system, with the annual comprehensive cost of users as the optimization objective; The user-side clearing scheme determination module is further configured to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory: The system carbon emissions of the power system are determined based on the carbon emissions generated by different users purchasing electricity, the carbon emissions generated by photovoltaic power plants, and the carbon emissions generated by shared energy storage devices. The objective function is determined based on the investment, operation, and maintenance costs and carbon emission costs of the photovoltaic power plants and shared energy storage devices, as well as the electricity consumption information of the users, with the goal of minimizing the annual comprehensive cost for multiple users. The clearing conditions of the energy market are determined based on the power supply and demand balance constraints and the inverse demand function. A power market clearing equilibrium model is constructed based on the Cournot equilibrium model, the system carbon emissions, the objective function, and the clearing conditions. The carbon emission calculation formula is used to calculate the system carbon emissions of the power system; the carbon emission calculation formula is: ； in, ; In the formula, For system carbon emissions, These figures represent the carbon emissions generated by industrial users purchasing electricity, the carbon emissions generated by photovoltaic power plants, and the carbon emissions generated by shared energy storage devices. , , These are the carbon emission coefficients for industrial users' proactive electricity purchases, photovoltaic power plants, and shared energy storage devices, respectively. This refers to the amount of electricity that industrial users purchase from the upper-level power grid per hour. For the rated capacity of shared energy storage equipment, The installed capacity of the photovoltaic power station; Based on the user's annual electricity bill, basic electricity fee, investment, operation and maintenance costs of the photovoltaic power station and the shared energy storage equipment, and carbon emission costs, the objective function is determined to be the lowest comprehensive annual cost for multiple users. The objective function is as follows: ； In the formula: For the total annual cost, For user i's electricity bill, For user i's basic electricity fee, The annual investment and operation and maintenance costs of shared energy storage equipment, For user i, the annual photovoltaic investment cost and operation and maintenance cost, The cost of carbon emissions; The constraint relationship of the shared energy storage device is invoked as a constraint condition for the objective function. The constraint relationship of the shared energy storage device is as follows: ； ； In the formula: , These represent the upper and lower limits of the permissible charging state of the shared energy storage device, respectively. It is 0 or 1, and These represent the charging and discharging states of the shared energy storage device, respectively. The clearing condition equation is invoked as the clearing condition for the energy market; the clearing condition equation is: ； ； ； In the formula: To meet load demand, Let t be the load demand. These represent the user's photovoltaic output and remaining energy storage capacity at time t, respectively. and Let be the coefficient of the market inverse demand function for time period t. This represents the energy market price during time period t.

2. The electricity market clearing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The user-side clearing scheme determination module is also used to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory: The electricity bill calculation formula is used to calculate the electricity bill for each user; the electricity bill calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, For users' electricity bills, The daily scheduling cost for the user on day d.

3. The electricity market clearing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The user-side clearing scheme determination module is also used to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory: The basic electricity charge calculation formula is used to calculate the basic electricity charge for each user; the basic electricity charge calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula: For users' basic electricity fees, To meet the electricity needs of users, This represents the actual maximum demand value. This is 1.05 times the maximum approved demand.

4. The electricity market clearing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The user-side clearing scheme determination module is also used to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory: The annual investment cost and operation and maintenance cost of the shared energy storage equipment are calculated using the cost calculation formula for the shared energy storage equipment. The cost calculation formula for the shared energy storage equipment is as follows: ， in, , ; In the formula: For the investment cost of shared energy storage equipment, To cover the operating and maintenance costs of shared energy storage devices, Cost per unit of energy storage capacity Cost per unit of electricity Let r be the rated power of the shared energy storage device, and r be the annual discount rate. For energy storage lifespan, This refers to the annual operation and maintenance unit price for energy storage.

5. The electricity market clearing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The user-side clearing scheme determination module is also used to perform the following steps by calling the model building program stored in the memory: The annual photovoltaic (PV) investment cost and operation and maintenance cost for a user are calculated using the PV power plant cost calculation formula. The PV power plant cost calculation formula is as follows: ； in, , ; In the formula: For users' annual photovoltaic investment costs and operation and maintenance costs, The investment cost of a photovoltaic power station, Where W represents the operation and maintenance cost of the photovoltaic power plant, H represents the photovoltaic power generation, and H represents the annual peak sunshine hours. For photovoltaic power generation efficiency, Cost per unit installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation The total investment factor for photovoltaic module arrays, where r is the annual discount rate. For the lifespan of photovoltaics, This refers to the operation and maintenance coefficient of the photovoltaic power generation system.

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