Photovoltaic module and method for preparing the same

Abstract

The present application relates to a photovoltaic module and a method for preparing the same. The photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic cell group, a front encapsulation structure, and a back encapsulation structure. The photovoltaic cell group includes multiple cell strings spaced apart along the width of the photovoltaic module. The front encapsulation structure is disposed on the light-facing side of the photovoltaic cell group. The front encapsulation structure includes a front plate and a front encapsulation layer. The back encapsulation structure is disposed on the backlight side of the photovoltaic cell group. The back encapsulation structure includes a back plate and a back encapsulation layer. The back plate and the front plate jointly sandwich the front encapsulation layer, the photovoltaic cell group, and the back encapsulation layer. The spacing L1 between two adjacent cell strings along the width of the photovoltaic module satisfies the following conditions: 0.3 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 1.5 mm. The photovoltaic module can compensate for the reduced string spacing by increasing the size of the cell along the width of the photovoltaic module, thereby increasing the size of the cell along the width of the photovoltaic module and increasing the light-receiving area of the photovoltaic cell group. This increases the power generation per unit area of the photovoltaic module, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and a method for preparing the photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy is an inexhaustible renewable energy source. Photovoltaic modules are the core and most important component of solar power generation systems, converting solar energy into electricity and storing it in batteries or powering loads. A photovoltaic module typically consists of a front-side encapsulation structure, a back-side encapsulation structure, and a photovoltaic cell array. A photovoltaic cell array consists of multiple cell strings connected in series or parallel. A certain distance is required between adjacent cell strings to prevent contact and short circuits.

[0003] In the prior art, the size of the cell is relatively small, resulting in a relatively small power generation per unit area of the photovoltaic module. Therefore, the existing photovoltaic module has the problem of low photoelectric conversion efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a photovoltaic module and a method for preparing the photovoltaic module, which can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0005] A first aspect of the present application provides a photovoltaic assembly, comprising:

[0006] A photovoltaic cell group, comprising a plurality of cell strings spaced apart along the width of the photovoltaic module;

[0007] A front encapsulation structure is provided on the light-facing side of the photovoltaic cell group, and the front encapsulation structure includes a front plate and a front encapsulation layer;

[0008] A back encapsulation structure is provided on the backlight side of the photovoltaic cell group, the back encapsulation structure comprising a back plate and a back encapsulation layer, the back plate and the front plate jointly clamping the front encapsulation layer, the photovoltaic cell group and the back encapsulation layer;

[0009] Wherein, along the width direction of the photovoltaic module, the spacing L1 between two adjacent groups of the battery strings (11) satisfies: 0.3mm≤L1≤1.5mm.

[0010] In a possible design, the photovoltaic assembly further includes a limiting member, which is located between two adjacent groups of the battery strings; the limiting member includes a main body, at least a portion of which is clamped between the two adjacent groups of the battery strings.

[0011] In a possible design, along the height direction of the photovoltaic assembly, the height H1 of the limiting member satisfies: 0.5 mm ≤ H1 ≤ 3 mm.

[0012] In a possible design, the material of the limiting member is an insulating material, and the limiting member is made of one of a film, transparent glass, cured insulating glue, a transparent plastic plate, and transparent rubber.

[0013] In one possible design, the limiting member and the front packaging layer are an integrated structure, at least one of the limiting member and the front packaging layer form a receiving space, and the battery string is located in the receiving space; and / or, the limiting member and the back packaging layer are an integrated structure, at least one of the limiting member and the back packaging layer form a receiving space, and the battery string is located in the receiving space.

[0014] In a possible design, the limiting member also includes a first connecting part and a second connecting part, and along the height direction of the photovoltaic component, the first connecting part and the second connecting part are fixedly connected to the two ends of the main body; the upper surface of the first connecting part is used to connect with the front encapsulation layer, and the lower surface of the second connecting part is used to connect with the back encapsulation layer.

[0015] In a possible design, the cross-sectional shape of the limiting member is Z-shaped; the lower surface of the first connecting portion is connected to the light-facing surface of the battery string, and the upper surface of the second connecting portion is connected to the backlight surface of another adjacent group of battery strings.

[0016] In a possible design, the cross-section of the limiting member is C-shaped; the lower surface of the first connecting portion and the upper surface of the second connecting portion are respectively connected to the light-facing surface and the backlight surface of the same battery string.

[0017] In a possible design, a plurality of the limiting members are provided between two adjacent groups of the battery strings, and the plurality of the limiting members are spaced apart along the length direction of the photovoltaic assembly.

[0018] In one possible design, the battery string includes a plurality of battery cells arranged along the length direction of the photovoltaic module, the battery cells have a first size D1 along the width direction of the photovoltaic module, and the battery cells have a second size D2 along the length direction of the photovoltaic module; the battery cell is divided into two pieces, and the value of D1:D2 satisfies: 2<D1:D2≤2.02; or, the battery cell is divided into three pieces, and the value of D1:D2 satisfies: 3.01≤D1:D2≤3.03; or, the battery cell is divided into four pieces, and the value of D1:D2 satisfies: 4.01≤D1:D2≤4.04.

[0019] A second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module, the method comprising the following steps:

[0020] Providing a photovoltaic cell group, the photovoltaic cell group comprising a plurality of cell strings;

[0021] Providing a front packaging structure and a back packaging structure, wherein the front packaging structure includes a front plate and a front packaging layer, and the back packaging structure includes a back plate and a back packaging layer;

[0022] The front sheet, the front encapsulation layer, the photovoltaic cell group, the back encapsulation layer and the back sheet are stacked, and multiple groups of cell strings are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the photovoltaic module, and the spacing L1 between two adjacent cell strings satisfies the following: 0.3 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 1.5 mm;

[0023] The front plate, the front encapsulation layer, the photovoltaic cell group, the back encapsulation layer and the back plate are laminated to form the photovoltaic module.

[0024] In one possible design, when multiple groups of the battery strings are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the photovoltaic module, the preparation method specifically includes: setting a limiter between two adjacent groups of the battery strings, and clamping at least part of the main body of the limiter between the two adjacent groups of the battery strings.

[0025] In a possible design, when a limiting member is provided between two adjacent groups of the battery strings, the preparation method specifically includes: placing the battery strings and the limiting member in sequence along the width direction of the photovoltaic module.

[0026] In one possible design, the limiting member also includes a first connecting part and a second connecting part, and the first connecting part and the second connecting part are fixedly connected to the two ends of the main body along the height direction of the photovoltaic component; the cross-sectional shape of the limiting member is Z-shaped, and when the battery string and the limiting member are placed in sequence along the width direction of the photovoltaic component, the preparation method specifically includes: placing a group of the battery strings; placing the limiting member, connecting one of the first connecting part and the second connecting part to the battery string; placing another group of the battery strings, connecting the battery string to the other of the first connecting part and the second connecting part, so that the two adjacent groups of the battery strings jointly clamp the main body.

[0027] In one possible design, the limiting member also includes a first connecting part and a second connecting part, and the first connecting part and the second connecting part are fixedly connected to the two ends of the main body along the height direction of the photovoltaic module; the cross-sectional shape of the limiting member is C-shaped, and when the limiting member is set between two adjacent groups of the battery strings, the preparation method specifically includes: connecting the lower surface of the first connecting part and the upper surface of the second connecting part to the light-facing surface and the backlight surface of the same group of the battery strings, so that the limiting member is clamped on the battery string to form a battery string assembly; placing multiple battery string assemblies in sequence along the width direction of the photovoltaic module so that the two adjacent groups of battery strings jointly clamp the main body.

[0028] In one possible design, the limiting member and the front packaging layer are an integral structure, at least one of the limiting member and the front packaging layer form a receiving space, and when a limiting member is set between two adjacent groups of the battery strings, the preparation method specifically includes: accommodating the battery string in the receiving space so that the two adjacent groups of battery strings jointly clamp the main body; and / or, the limiting member and the back packaging layer are an integral structure, at least one of the limiting member and the back packaging layer form a receiving space, and when a limiting member is set between two adjacent groups of the battery strings, the preparation method specifically includes: accommodating the battery string in the receiving space so that the two adjacent groups of battery strings jointly clamp the main body.

[0029] In one possible design, before setting a limiter between two adjacent groups of battery strings, the preparation method further includes: setting a positioning tape on the two adjacent groups of battery strings, and the two ends of the positioning tape are respectively bonded to the two adjacent groups of battery strings along the width direction of the photovoltaic module; or, after setting a limiter between two adjacent groups of battery strings, the preparation method further includes: setting a positioning tape on the two adjacent groups of battery strings, and the two ends of the positioning tape are respectively bonded to the two adjacent groups of battery strings along the width direction of the photovoltaic module.

[0030] The photovoltaic module of this application limits the spacing L1 between adjacent cell strings to between 0.3mm and 1.5mm. While maintaining the width of the photovoltaic module, the reduced string spacing can be compensated for by the size of the cell, thereby increasing the size of the cell along the width of the photovoltaic module. This can reduce the blank area of the photovoltaic module layout, increase the light-receiving area of the photovoltaic cell group per unit area, thereby increasing the power generation per unit area of the photovoltaic module and further improving the photovoltaic module's photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0031] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are merely illustrative and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module provided in this application;

[0033] Figure 2 A first top view of a photovoltaic cell group;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic cell group in the first embodiment;

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic cell group in the second embodiment;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic cell group in the third embodiment;

[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic cell group in a fourth embodiment;

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic cell group in a fifth embodiment;

[0039] Figure 8 A top view of a second type of photovoltaic cell group;

[0040] Figure 9 A flow chart for preparing a photovoltaic module provided in this application;

[0041] Figure 10 A flow chart for preparing a photovoltaic module provided in this application;

[0042] Figure 11 A flow chart for preparing a photovoltaic module provided in this application;

[0043] Figure 12 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic cell group in a sixth embodiment;

[0044] Figure 13 This is the third top view of the photovoltaic cell group;

[0045] Figure 14 This is the fourth top view of the photovoltaic cell group.

[0046] Reference numerals:

[0047] 1- Photovoltaic battery pack;

[0048] 11-battery string;

[0049] 111-battery cell;

[0050] 2-Front plate;

[0051] 3-front encapsulation layer;

[0052] 4- back panel;

[0053] 5- back encapsulation layer;

[0054] 6-Limiting parts;

[0055] 61-main body;

[0056] 62-first connecting portion;

[0057] 63- second connecting portion;

[0058] 7- Positioning tape.

[0059] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] It should be clear that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0062] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0063] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein is merely a description of the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0064] It should be noted that the directional words such as "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" described in the embodiments of the present application are described based on the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the context, it should be understood that when it is mentioned that an element is connected to another element "on" or "under", it can not only be directly connected to the other element "on" or "under", but also be indirectly connected to the other element "on" or "under" through an intermediate element.

[0065] A photovoltaic module comprises a front-side encapsulation structure, a back-side encapsulation structure, and a photovoltaic cell group. The photovoltaic cell group comprises multiple cell strings spaced apart along the width of the module, connected in series or in parallel. Each cell string is comprised of multiple cells spaced apart along the length of the module, connected in series. In existing technologies, the small size of the cells results in low power generation per unit area of the photovoltaic module, affecting the photovoltaic module's photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0066] Based on the above problems, the present application provides a photovoltaic module, such as Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic cell group 1, a front encapsulation structure, and a back encapsulation structure. Along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic cell group 1 includes multiple groups of spaced-apart cell strings 11. The front encapsulation structure is disposed on the light-facing side of the photovoltaic cell group 1 and includes a front panel 2 and a front encapsulation layer 3. The back encapsulation structure is disposed on the backlight side of the photovoltaic cell group 1 and includes a back panel 4 and a back encapsulation layer 5. The back panel 4 and the front panel 2 jointly sandwich the front encapsulation layer 3, the photovoltaic cell group 1, and the back encapsulation layer 5. The spacing L1 between two adjacent groups of cell strings 11 along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module satisfies the following conditions: 0.3mm≤L1≤1.5mm.

[0067] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic module is composed of a front plate 2, a front encapsulation layer 3, a photovoltaic cell group 1, a back encapsulation layer 5 and a back plate 4 that are laminated and encapsulated. Among them, the front plate 2 is located on the light-facing side of the photovoltaic cell group 1, and is used to transmit sunlight, and is also used to improve the waterproof and moisture-proof ability of the photovoltaic module, and seals the photovoltaic cell group 1 together with the back plate 4. The front encapsulation layer 3 is used to protect the light-facing side of the photovoltaic cell group 1 (the side surface of the photovoltaic cell group 1 facing the light source and used to receive direct sunlight), and the back encapsulation layer 5 is used to protect the backlight side of the photovoltaic cell group 1 (the side surface of the photovoltaic cell group 1 away from the light source). At the same time, during the lamination process of the photovoltaic module, the front encapsulation layer 3 and the back encapsulation layer 5 are used to encapsulate and protect the photovoltaic cell group 1 to prevent the external environment from affecting the performance of the photovoltaic cell group 1, and at the same time, the front plate 2, the back plate 4 and the photovoltaic cell group 1 can be bonded into a whole. As Figure 2As shown, each cell string 11 includes a plurality of cells 111 arranged along the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module. A spacing L1 is the distance between two adjacent cell strings 11 aligned along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module. The spacing L1 can be 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, or 1.5 mm, or other values within the aforementioned range, without limitation.

[0068] During the preparation of the photovoltaic module, the cell 111 may expand due to the influence of the material of the cell 111. In addition, due to factors such as the vacuuming step in the lamination process and the material flow of the front encapsulation layer 3 and the back encapsulation layer 5, the cell string 11 may also produce a certain displacement along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module. When the width of the photovoltaic module is fixed, if the spacing L1 is too small (for example, less than 0.3 mm), two adjacent groups of cell strings 11 are likely to approach each other during the preparation of the photovoltaic module, causing two adjacent cell cells 111 along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module to contact each other, causing a short circuit in the photovoltaic module. It is even possible that the cell cells 111 of two adjacent groups of cell strings 11 are misaligned and overlapped, resulting in hidden cracks in the cell cells 111 during the lamination process.

[0069] When the width of the photovoltaic module is fixed, if the spacing L1 is too large (for example, greater than 1.5 mm), it will limit the size of the cell 111 in the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, resulting in a smaller effective light-receiving area of the photovoltaic module, affecting the power generation per unit area of the photovoltaic module, resulting in a lower photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0070] Therefore, along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, the spacing L1 between two adjacent groups of battery strings 11 should be 0.3mm to 1.5mm, preferably 0.3mm to 1mm. This can improve the photovoltaic module's photoelectric conversion efficiency while avoiding short circuits in the photovoltaic module and ensuring the yield rate of the photovoltaic module. In the prior art, the string spacing between adjacent battery strings 11 is usually 1.6mm to 2.5mm, while the photovoltaic module provided in this application limits the spacing L1 between adjacent battery strings 11 to between 0.3mm and 1.5mm. While the width of the photovoltaic module remains unchanged, the reduced string spacing can be compensated to the size of the battery cell 111, and the size of the battery cell 111 along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module can be increased. This can reduce the blank area of the photovoltaic module layout, increase the light-receiving area of the photovoltaic cell group per unit area, thereby increasing the power generation per unit area of the photovoltaic module, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0071] In this embodiment, multiple battery cells 111 are connected in series along the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module to form a battery string 11. Multiple battery strings 11 are arranged along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module. Multiple battery strings 11 are connected in series or in parallel to form a battery string group. Multiple battery string groups can be further connected to each other in parallel.

[0072] In one embodiment, multiple cells 111 in the same cell string 11 can be connected using a lap welding technique, that is, the cell 111 is cut into half-cells in a direction perpendicular to the main grid line, and the multiple half-cells are arranged in an edge-overlap manner, with the overlap width between two adjacent half-cells being 0.3mm to 2.0mm. The two adjacent half-cells are then connected via a flexible round wire tinned copper strip with a diameter of 0.1mm to 0.35mm, and no main grid welding points are provided in the overlapping area of the cells, that is, the welding strip and the cell main grid are not bonded. The lap welding connection can eliminate the spacing between adjacent cells 111 in the same cell string 11, which is beneficial to increase the size of the cell 111 along the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module, increase the effective light-receiving area of the photovoltaic module, and thereby improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell group.

[0073] In a specific embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the photovoltaic assembly further includes a limiter 6 , which is located between two adjacent battery strings 11 . The limiter 6 includes a main body 61 , at least a portion of which is clamped between the two adjacent battery strings 11 .

[0074] The position-limiting member 6 is made of an insulating material and positioned between two groups of cell strings 11 to prevent contact and short circuits between the cells 111 of adjacent cell strings 11. Furthermore, along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, the cell strings 11 and the main body 61 are arranged alternately, with the main body 61 sandwiched between two adjacent groups of cell strings 11. This structure limits the position of the cell strings 11 along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, preventing the cell strings 11 from shifting during the stacking or lamination process of the photovoltaic module, thereby ensuring that the spacing L1 between two adjacent groups of cell strings 11 remains constant.

[0075] In a specific embodiment, the material of the limiter 6 is an insulating material. Specifically, the limiter 6 is made of one of a film, transparent glass, cured insulating glue, a transparent plastic plate, and transparent rubber. In addition to having good insulating effects, the above materials also have good light transmission effects and will not affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Among them, when the limiter 6 is made of a transparent plastic plate, the material of the limiter 6 can be one of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC); when the limiter 6 is made of cured insulating glue, the material of the insulating glue can be one or more of silicone, acrylic acid, and epoxy resin; when the limiter 6 is transparent rubber, the material of the limiter 6 can be one of ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene vinyl acetate, epichlorohydrin rubber, and butyl rubber.

[0076] Preferably, the limiter 6 is made of a film, and the film material can be one of the materials such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyolefin elastomer (POE), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), etc., and can also be an EPE film (EVA-POE-EVA co-extruded structure) or EP film (EVA-EP co-extruded structure). The limiter 6 in the form of a film made of the above materials can be melted together with the front encapsulation layer 3 and the back encapsulation layer 5 during the lamination process of the photovoltaic module. Along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, the limiter 6 can connect the two adjacent groups of battery strings 11. Along the height direction Z of the photovoltaic module, the limiter 6 can connect the front encapsulation layer 3 and the back encapsulation layer 5.

[0077] The specific structure of the limiting member 6 is not limited and may also be a hollow structure.

[0078] It should be noted that, in each embodiment of the present application, the limiting member 6 is described as being made of a film, but the limiting member 6 may also be made of other materials mentioned above, and the present application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0079] The limiter 6 adopts a gram weight of 300g / m 2 Taking the film as an example, when the value of the spacing L1 is different, the specific situation of the yield rate and power of the photovoltaic module is shown in the following table:

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] As shown in the table above, when the spacing L1 ≤ 0.3 mm (for example, L1 = 0.2 mm or L1 = 0.1 mm), the yield rate of the photovoltaic module will drop significantly. Therefore, the spacing L1 needs to be greater than 0.3 mm.

[0083] In a specific embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, along the height direction Z of the photovoltaic module, the height H1 of the limiter 6 satisfies: 0.5mm≤H1≤3mm. H1 can be 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2.3mm or 3mm, or other values within the above range, which are not limited here.

[0084] When the height H1 of the stopper 6 is too small (e.g., less than 0.5 mm), the stopper 6 has a poor effect on isolating adjacent cell strings 11, and there is a risk of contact between two adjacent groups of cell strings 11. When the height H1 of the stopper 6 is too large (e.g., greater than 3 mm), bubbles may form during the lamination process of the photovoltaic module, affecting the sealing performance of the photovoltaic module package. Therefore, when H1 is between 0.5 mm and 3 mm, the stopper 6 can ensure that it can isolate adjacent cell strings 11 while preventing bubbles from forming during the photovoltaic module packaging process.

[0085] In a specific embodiment, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the limiting member 6 also includes a first connecting part 62 and a second connecting part 63. Along the height direction Z of the photovoltaic module, the first connecting part 62 and the second connecting part 63 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the main body 61; the upper surface of the first connecting part 62 is used to connect with the front encapsulation layer 3, and the lower surface of the second connecting part 63 is used to connect with the back encapsulation layer 5.

[0086] The provision of the first connecting portion 62 and the second connecting portion 63 can increase the contact area between the stopper 6 and the cell string 11, thereby improving the insulation effect of the stopper 6. During the lamination process of the photovoltaic module, the first connecting portion 62 and the second connecting portion 63 can play the same role as the front encapsulation layer 3 and the back encapsulation layer 5, improving the connection stability between the photovoltaic cell group 1 and the front panel 2 and back panel 4, thereby achieving a better encapsulation effect for the photovoltaic module.

[0087] The first connection portion 62 and the second connection portion 63 have exactly the same size and shape. The first connection portion 62 , the second connection portion 63 and the main body 61 may be an integral structure or a split structure, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0088] Specifically, if Figure 4As shown, the cross-section of the limiting member 6 is Z-shaped, the lower surface of the first connecting portion 62 is connected to the light-facing surface of the battery string 11 , and the upper surface of the second connecting portion 63 is connected to the backlight surface of another adjacent battery string 11 .

[0089] When the cross-section of the stopper 6 is Z-shaped, the first connection portion 62 can increase the contact area between the stopper 6 and the battery string 11, and the second connection portion 63 can increase the contact area between the stopper 6 and another adjacent battery string 11, which is beneficial to improving the installation stability of the stopper 6. Even if two adjacent battery strings 11 undergo a certain displacement along the width direction X of the module, the stopper 6 will not be displaced, ensuring the isolation and insulation effect of the stopper 6 between the two adjacent battery strings 11. During the stacking process of the photovoltaic module, the first connection portion 62 can be clamped by the front encapsulation layer 3 and the battery string 11, and the second connection portion 63 can be clamped by the back encapsulation layer 5 and another adjacent battery string 11, further fixing the position of the stopper 6.

[0090] Preferably, the first connecting portion 62 , the second connecting portion 63 and the main body 61 are an integrated structure, and are bent to form a Z-shaped structure.

[0091] Or, as Figure 5 As shown, the cross-section of the stopper 6 is C-shaped, and the lower surface of the first connecting portion 62 and the upper surface of the second connecting portion 63 are respectively connected to the light-facing surface and the backlight surface of the same battery string 11 .

[0092] When the cross-section of the retaining member 6 is C-shaped, and both the first connecting portion 62 and the second connecting portion 63 are connected to the same cell string 11, the contact area between the retaining member 6 and the cell string 11 can be increased. The retaining member 6 is in a state of being clamped to the cell string 11, which is conducive to improving the installation stability of the retaining member 6 and ensuring the isolation and insulation effect of the retaining member 6 between two adjacent groups of cell strings 11. During the stacking process of the photovoltaic module, the first connecting portion 62 can be clamped by the front encapsulation layer 3 and the cell string 11, and the second connecting portion 63 can be clamped by the back encapsulation layer 5 and another adjacent group of cell strings 11, further fixing the position of the retaining member 6 and ensuring the isolation and insulation effect of the retaining member 6 on the cell string 11.

[0093] Preferably, the first connecting portion 62 , the second connecting portion 63 and the main body 61 are an integrated structure, and are bent to form a C-shaped structure.

[0094] like Figure 12As shown, the cross-section of the stopper 6 can also be an I-shaped structure, with the lower surface of the first connecting portion 62 connected to the light-facing surfaces of two adjacent battery strings 11, and the upper surface of the second connecting portion 63 connected to the backlight surfaces of two adjacent battery strings 11. This structure can also improve the installation stability of the stopper 6 and ensure that the stopper 6 provides isolation and insulation between the two adjacent battery strings 11.

[0095] Preferably, the first connecting portion 62, the second connecting portion 63 and the main body 61 are integrally formed. Figure 6 As shown, the limiting member 6 and the front packaging layer 3 are an integrated structure, at least one limiting member 6 and the front packaging layer 3 enclose a receiving space, and the battery string 11 is located in the receiving space. And / or, as Figure 7 As shown, the limiting member 6 and the back packaging layer 5 are an integrated structure. At least one limiting member 6 and the back packaging layer 5 enclose an accommodation space, and the battery string 11 is located in the accommodation space.

[0096] In this embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the limiting member 6 and the front encapsulation layer 3 can be set as an integral structure, and the position of the limiting member 6 on the front encapsulation layer 3 can be set according to the size of the battery cell 111 along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module. In the stacking step of the photovoltaic module, the battery string 11 can be directly placed in the accommodation space surrounded by the front encapsulation layer 3 and the limiting member 6, and multiple accommodation spaces are used to accommodate multiple battery strings 11. Similarly, Figure 7 As shown, the limiter 6 and the back encapsulation layer 5 can also be set as an integrated structure, and the position of the limiter 6 on the back encapsulation layer 5 can be set according to the size of the battery cell 111 along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module. In the stacking step of the photovoltaic module, the battery string 11 can be directly placed in the accommodating space surrounded by the back encapsulation layer 5 and the limiter 6, and the multiple accommodating spaces are used to accommodate multiple battery strings 11 respectively.

[0097] When the limiter 6 is an integrated structure with the front encapsulation layer 3 and / or the back encapsulation layer 5, on the one hand, the step of placing the limiter 6 separately can be omitted to improve the preparation efficiency of the photovoltaic module; on the other hand, the integrated structure can ensure that the position of the limiter 6 is fixed, ensuring that its isolation and insulation effect is stable.

[0098] It should be noted that when the limiter 6 and the front encapsulation layer 3 and / or the back encapsulation layer 5 are of a split structure, the battery string 11 and the limiter 6 need to be set tightly along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module. The size of the limiter 6 in the width direction X of the photovoltaic module should be equal to the size of the preset spacing L1, that is, the width of the limiter 6 is 0.3mm~1.5mm, so as to ensure the limiting effect of the limiter 6 on the battery string 11, avoid the battery string 11 from shifting during the stacking and lamination process of the photovoltaic module, and maintain the spacing L1 between two adjacent groups of battery strings 11 unchanged.

[0099] When the stopper 6 is an integral structure with the front encapsulation layer 3 and / or the back encapsulation layer 5, in principle, the distance between two adjacent stoppers 6 in the width direction X of the photovoltaic module should be equal to the size of the battery cell 111. At the same time, the size of the stopper 6 in the width direction X of the photovoltaic module should be equal to the size of the preset spacing L, that is, the width of the stopper 6 is 0.3mm to 1.5mm. However, in order to facilitate the placement of the battery string 11 in the accommodation space, the distance between the two stoppers 6 can be appropriately increased to be slightly larger than the size of the battery cell 111. That is, when multiple groups of battery strings 11 are set, a gap of 0.1mm to 0.2mm can exist between the stopper 6 and the battery string 11 along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module. Since the position of the limiting member 6 on the front packaging layer 3 and / or the back packaging layer 5 is fixed, the gap does not affect the limiting effect of the limiting member 6 on the two adjacent groups of battery strings 11, and will not cause the battery strings 11 to shift too much in the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, and can maintain the spacing L1 between the two adjacent groups of battery strings 11 unchanged.

[0100] Since the distance between the two limit members 6 in the width direction X of the photovoltaic module is enlarged, the width of the limit member 6 needs to be reduced accordingly to ensure that the size of the battery cell 111 is not reduced. Therefore, when the limit member 6 and the front packaging layer 3 and / or the back packaging layer 5 are an integrated structure, the width of the limit member 6 is 0.1mm~1.4mm.

[0101] This application does not impose any restrictions on the size of the limiter 6 in the longitudinal direction Y of the photovoltaic module (the length of the limiter 6). Figure 13 As shown, the length of the limiting member 6 may be equal to the dimension of the battery string 11 along the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module (the length of the battery string 11 ).

[0102] Alternatively, the length of the limiter 6 may be smaller than the length of the battery string 11. In this case, multiple limiters 6 may be provided between two adjacent battery strings 11, and the multiple limiters 6 are spaced apart along the longitudinal direction Y of the photovoltaic module. Figure 2 and Figure 8As shown, when the length of the limiter 6 is less than or equal to the dimension D2 of the cell 111 in the width direction Y of the photovoltaic module, the limiter 6 can be arranged in the photovoltaic module in the following two ways: Figure 2 As shown, along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, the limiter 6 is located between the 2n-1th cell 111 of the 2n-1th cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module and the 2n-1th cell 111 of the 2nth cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module, and between the 2nth cell 111 of the 2nth cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module and the 2nth cell 111 of the 2n+1th cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module, where n≥1.

[0103] Taking n=1 as an example, along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, the stopper 6 is located between the first cell 111 of the first cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module and the first cell 111 of the second cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module. The stopper 6 is also located between the second cell 111 of the second cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module and the second cell 111 of the third cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module. That is, along the width direction X and the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module, the stoppers 6 are arranged at intervals, and for the same cell 111, at most one of its two sides along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module is provided with a stopper 6.

[0104] Or, as Figure 8 As shown, along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, the limiter 6 is located between the 2n-th cell 111 of the 2n-1th cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module and the 2n-th cell 111 of the 2n-1th cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module, and between the 2n-1th cell 111 of the 2n-1th cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module and the 2n-1th cell 111 of the 2n+1th cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module, where n≥1.

[0105] Taking n=1 as an example, along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, the stopper 6 is located between the second cell 111 of the first cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module and the second cell 111 of the second cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module. The stopper 6 is also located between the first cell 111 of the second cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module and the first cell 111 of the third cell string 11 in the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module. That is, along the width direction X and the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module, the stoppers 6 are arranged at intervals, and for the same cell 111, at most one of its two sides along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module is provided with a stopper 6.

[0106] The above two arrangements can save raw materials and reduce the cost of photovoltaic modules while ensuring that the effect of the limiting member 6 is not affected.

[0107] like Figure 14 As shown, the photovoltaic module also includes positioning tape 7, which can connect the battery cells 111 of two adjacent groups of battery strings 11 (i.e., two adjacent battery cells 111 along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module) and can limit the battery cells 111, playing the same role as the limiting member 6 in preventing the battery strings 11 from shifting. Specifically, along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, the two ends of the positioning tape 7 are respectively adhered to the battery cells 111 of the two groups of battery strings 11. In addition, multiple positioning tapes 7 are arranged at intervals along the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module.

[0108] This embodiment does not limit the specific shape and size of the positioning tape 7 , nor the distance between two adjacent positioning tapes.

[0109] At this time, the limiter 6 can be set according to the position of the positioning tape 7, and the two do not overlap along the length direction Y of the photovoltaic component. The specific number and length of the limiter 6 can be adjusted with the position of the positioning tape 7, and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0110] In addition, during the lamination process of the photovoltaic module, the battery string 11 and the limiter 6 may be displaced, causing some battery cells 111 to move toward the outside of the photovoltaic module along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, resulting in a gap of 0.3mm to 0.7mm between the battery cell 111 that is not affixed with the positioning tape 7 and the adjacent limiter 6. However, since the positioning tape 7 has a good fixing effect on the battery cell 111, the battery cell 111 affixed with the positioning tape 7 will not move.

[0111] like Figure 8As shown, along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, the cell 111 has a first dimension D1 and a second dimension D2. Conventional technologies often use two-cells (i.e., D2 = 1 / 2D1), three-cells (i.e., D2 = 1 / 3D1), or four-cells (i.e., D2 = 1 / 4D1) as the cell 111. In a conventional photovoltaic cell group 1, the number of cell strings 11 is 6, the spacing between adjacent cell cells 111 is 1.9 mm, and the first dimension D1 of the cell 111 is 163 mm to 210 mm, preferably 163 mm, 182 mm, and 210 mm.

[0112] It should be noted that, in each embodiment of the present application, the battery cell 111 is described as a two-piece case, but the battery cell can also be a three-piece or a four-piece case, and the present application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0113] When the photovoltaic module adopts the structure with the limiter 6 described above, the distance L1 between adjacent battery strings 11 can be reduced, thereby increasing the first dimension D1, which is beneficial to improving the power of the photovoltaic module.

[0114] Taking a photovoltaic cell array 1 comprising six parallel cell strings 11, with a spacing L1 between adjacent cell strings 11 of 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm as an example, the range of increase in the first dimension D1 of the cells 111 in each cell string 11 can be calculated as [5 × (1.9 - L1)] / 6, where 5 indicates that when six cell strings 11 are arranged in parallel, there are five spacings L1 in the photovoltaic cell array. Therefore, when the number of cell strings 11 in the photovoltaic cell array 1 is n, there are n-1 spacings L1 in the photovoltaic cell array 1, and the increase in the first dimension D1 can be calculated using the formula [(n-1) × (1.9 - L1)] / n.

[0115] When the battery cell 111 is bifurcated and the first dimension D1 is 163mm, its second dimension D2 is 81.5mm. According to the above formula, the increase range of the first dimension D1 (rounded to the nearest 0.5mm) is 0.5mm to 1.5mm. Therefore, when the first dimension D1 of the original battery cell 111 is 163mm, the increased first dimension D1 is 163.5mm to 164.5mm, specifically 163.5mm, 163.7mm, 163.9mm, 164.1mm, 164.3mm, and 164.5mm. The second dimension D2 of the battery cell 111 remains unchanged at 81.5mm. When the first dimension D1 of the original battery cell 111 is 182mm, the increased first dimension D1 is 182.5mm to 183.5mm, specifically 182.5mm, 182.7mm, and 182. 9mm, 183.1mm, 183.3mm, 183.5mm, or other values within the above range, the second dimension D2 of the battery cell 111 remains unchanged at 91mm; when the first dimension D1 of the original battery cell 111 is 210mm, the enlarged first dimension D1 is 210.5mm~211.5mm, specifically 210.5mm, 210.7mm, 210.9mm, 211.1mm, 211.3mm, 211.5mm, or other values within the above range, the second dimension D2 of the battery cell 111 remains unchanged at 105mm.

[0116] According to the calculation method above, when the original battery cell 111 is divided into two pieces and the first dimension D1 is 163 mm to 210 mm, the enlarged first dimension D1 is 163.5 mm to 211.5 mm, and can specifically be 163.5 mm, 170 mm, 182 mm, 190 mm, 200 mm, 210 mm, or 211.5 mm, and the value of D1:D2 satisfies the following: 2<D1:D2≤2.02. Specifically, it can be 2.001, 2.006, 2.012, 2.015, or 2.02, or other values within the above range, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0117] Similarly, when the battery cell 111 is divided into three pieces and the first dimension D1 is 163mm~210mm, the enlarged first dimension D1 is 163.5mm~211.5mm, and the values of D1:D2 satisfy: 3.01≤D1:D2≤3.03, which can be 3.01, 3.016, 3.023, 3.025 or 3.03, or other values within the above range, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0118] Similarly, when the battery cell 111 is divided into four pieces and the first dimension D1 is 163 mm to 210 mm, the enlarged first dimension D1 is 163.5 mm to 211.5 mm, and the values of D1:D2 satisfy: 4.01≤D1:D2≤4.04, which can be 4.01, 4.016, 4.022, 4.036 or 4.04, or other values within the above range, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0119] like Figure 3 As shown, along the height direction Z of the photovoltaic module, the thickness H2 of the cell 111 is 100μm to 250μm, and can specifically be 100μm, 120μm, 140μm, 160μm, 180μm, 200μm, 230μm, or 250μm, or other values within the above range, which are not limited here. Preferably, the thickness H2 of the cell 111 is 130μm to 180μm. Within this thickness range, the thickness of the cell 111 is relatively small, thereby reducing the overall weight of the cell 111, which is conducive to achieving a lightweight photovoltaic module.

[0120] The present application does not limit the structure of the battery cell 111 , and the types of the battery cell 111 include but are not limited to PERC cells, TOPCon cells, HJT cells, IBC cells, etc.

[0121] A PERC cell, along its thickness, consists of a front-surface silver electrode, a front-surface silicon nitride passivation layer, a phosphorus emitter layer, a P-type silicon substrate layer, a partial aluminum back field, a metal aluminum back electrode, and a back passivation layer (Al2O3 / SiNx). PERC cells use a passivation film on the back side, replacing a full aluminum back field. This enhances internal back reflection of light from the silicon substrate, reduces the back recombination rate, and increases cell efficiency by 0.5%-1%.

[0122] For TOPCon cells, along their thickness, they consist of a metallic silver electrode, a front-surface silicon nitride passivation layer, a boron-doped emitter, an N-type base silicon layer, a diffused doped layer, ultra-thin silicon oxide, doped polysilicon, silicon nitride, and a metallic silver electrode. The back of the cell is composed of an ultra-thin silicon oxide layer (1nm to 2nm) and a phosphorus-doped microcrystalline amorphous mixed Si film, which together form a passivated contact structure. This structure can block minority carrier-hole recombination, thereby increasing the cell's open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current. The ultra-thin oxide layer allows majority electrons to tunnel into the polysilicon layer while blocking minority carrier-hole recombination. The excellent passivation effect of the ultra-thin silicon oxide and heavily doped silicon film causes the energy bands on the silicon wafer to bend, thereby forming a field passivation effect. This significantly increases the probability of electron tunneling, reduces contact resistance, and increases the cell's open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current, thereby improving the cell's conversion efficiency.

[0123] For HJT cells, along their thickness direction, the HJT cells include a front low-temperature silver electrode, a front conductive film, an N-type amorphous silicon film, an intrinsic amorphous silicon film, an N-type base silicon layer, an intrinsic amorphous silicon film, a P-type amorphous silicon film, a back conductive film, and a back low-temperature silver electrode.

[0124] An IBC cell, along its thickness, consists of a silicon nitride inversion layer, an N+ front surface field, an N-type base silicon layer, a P+ emitter, an N+ back field, an aluminum oxide passivation layer, a silicon nitride anti-reflection layer, and a silver electrode. IBC cells utilize ion implantation technology to achieve uniform P and N regions with precisely controlled junction depths. The front of the cell is free of grid lines, eliminating current losses from metal electrode shading and maximizing the utilization of incident photons. This improves short-circuit current by approximately 7% compared to conventional solar cells. Due to the back-contact structure, grid line shading is not a concern, allowing for a wider grid line ratio, reducing series resistance and achieving a high fill factor. Optimized surface passivation and light-trapping structures enable a low front-surface recombination rate and surface reflection.

[0125] The battery cell 111 can adopt a multi-busbar solution, which can shorten the current conduction path, reduce internal losses, and thus improve the power of the photovoltaic module, while also reducing the cost of the photovoltaic module; it can also adopt a busbar-free solution, replacing the original busbar with a welding ribbon and directly connecting it to the fine grid, which can greatly reduce the silver paste consumption and thus reduce the cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0126] This application also provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module, such as Figure 9 As shown, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0127] Step S1 : providing a photovoltaic cell group 1 , wherein the photovoltaic cell group 1 includes a plurality of cell strings 11 .

[0128] Each battery string 11 is composed of a plurality of battery cells 111 connected in series along the length direction Y of the photovoltaic module.

[0129] Step S2: providing a front packaging structure and a back packaging structure, wherein the front packaging structure includes a front plate 2 and a front packaging layer 3 , and the back packaging structure includes a back plate 4 and a back packaging layer 5 .

[0130] The front panel 2 and back panel 4 can be made of a rigid material such as tempered glass, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or polycarbonate (PC), or a flexible material such as polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). The front encapsulation layer 3 and back encapsulation layer 5 are adhesive films, which can be made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyolefin elastomer (POE), or polyvinyl butyral (PVB). They can also be EPE films (EVA-POE-EVA co-extruded structure) or EP films (EVA-EP co-extruded structure).

[0131] Step S3: stack the front panel 2, front encapsulation layer 3, photovoltaic cell group 1, back encapsulation layer 5 and back panel 4, and arrange multiple groups of cell strings 11 at intervals in the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, and the spacing L1 between two adjacent cell strings 11 satisfies: 0.3mm≤L1≤1.5mm.

[0132] There are two stacking sequences: the first is to place the front panel 2 on the platform first, and then place the front encapsulation layer 3, photovoltaic cell group 1, back encapsulation layer 5 and back panel 4 in sequence to assemble a photovoltaic module; the second is to place the back panel 4 on the platform first, and then place the back encapsulation layer 5, photovoltaic cell group 1, photovoltaic cell group 1, front encapsulation layer 3 and front panel 2 in sequence.

[0133] Regardless of the placement order, the spacing L1 between two adjacent cell strings 11 should be 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm, specifically 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, or 1.5 mm, or other values within the above range, which are not limited here. When the spacing L1 between two adjacent cell strings 11 is 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm, the size of the cell 111 in the width direction X of the photovoltaic module can be increased, which is beneficial to improving the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. At the same time, it can prevent the two adjacent cell strings 11 from contacting each other during the lamination process, which may cause a short circuit in the photovoltaic module, and is beneficial to improving the yield rate of the photovoltaic module.

[0134] Step S4: laminating the front plate 2, the front encapsulation layer 3, the photovoltaic cell group 1, the rear encapsulation layer 5 and the back plate 4 to form a photovoltaic module.

[0135] Lamination is the process of bonding and fusing the various components of a photovoltaic module under specific conditions of temperature, pressure, and vacuum, thereby protecting the photovoltaic cell group 1. The laminated photovoltaic modules are placed in a laminator, where air is removed through vacuum pumping. The laminator then heats the front and back encapsulation layers 3 and 5 to melt and solidify, bonding the photovoltaic cell group 1, front sheet 2, and back sheet 4 together. Finally, the modules are cooled and removed.

[0136] The photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided herein limits the spacing L1 between adjacent cell strings 11 to between 0.3 mm and 1.5 mm during the stacking step. While maintaining the width of the photovoltaic module, the reduced string spacing can be compensated for by the size of the cell 111, thereby increasing the size of the cell 111 along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module. This can reduce the blank area of the photovoltaic module layout, increase the light-receiving area of the photovoltaic cell group per unit area, thereby increasing the power generation per unit area of the photovoltaic module and, in turn, improving the photovoltaic module's photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0137] In a specific embodiment, for step S3 , the preparation method specifically includes: providing a limiter 6 between two adjacent battery strings 11 , and clamping at least a portion of the main body 61 of the limiter 6 between the two adjacent battery strings 11 .

[0138] During the stacking step, when placing the photovoltaic cell group 1, the stopper 6 is placed between two adjacent groups of cell strings 11, so that the two adjacent groups of cell strings 11 jointly clamp the main body 61 of the stopper 6 along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module. After the stopper 6 is placed, the edge of the contact area between the stopper 6 and the cell 111 can be preheated to melt the edge of the stopper 6, thereby pre-fixing the stopper 6 and the cell 111.

[0139] When the limiting member 6 is provided between two adjacent groups of the battery strings 11 , the preparation method specifically includes: placing the battery strings 11 and the limiting member 6 in sequence along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module.

[0140] When placing the battery strings 11 and the limiting members 6 , it is necessary to ensure that a limiting member 6 is provided between every two groups of battery strings 11 in the width direction X of the photovoltaic module.

[0141] like Figure 1 As shown, along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, there is a certain distance between the cell strings 11 at both ends of the photovoltaic cell group 1 and the edges of the front panel 2 and / or back panel 4. The laminated front encapsulation layer 3 and back encapsulation layer 5 can fill this space to encapsulate the sides of the photovoltaic cell group 1. Therefore, the stoppers 6 do not need to be provided on both sides of the photovoltaic cell group 1 along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module.

[0142] If the photovoltaic module adopts the first stacking order, then in the above-mentioned method of setting the battery string 11 and the limiter 6, the placement position of the battery string 11 and the limiter 6 is the side surface of the front packaging layer 3 away from the front panel 2; if the photovoltaic module adopts the second stacking order, then in the above-mentioned method of setting the battery string 11 and the limiter 6, the placement position of the battery string 11 and the limiter 6 is the side surface of the back packaging layer 5 away from the back panel 4.

[0143] In a specific embodiment, the limiting member 6 further includes a first connecting portion 62 and a second connecting portion 63. The first connecting portion 62 and the second connecting portion 63 are fixedly connected to both ends of the main portion 61 along the height direction Z of the photovoltaic module. The cross-sectional shape of the limiting member 6 is Z-shaped. In this case, when the battery string 11 and the limiting member 6 are placed in sequence along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, as shown in FIG. Figure 10 As shown, the preparation method specifically includes:

[0144] Step A1: Place a group of battery strings 11.

[0145] Step A2: placing the limiting member 6 and connecting one of the first connecting portion 62 and the second connecting portion 63 to the battery string 11 .

[0146] Step A3: Place another battery string 11 and connect the battery string 11 to the other of the first connecting portion 62 and the second connecting portion 63 , so that the two adjacent battery strings 11 can clamp the main body 61 together.

[0147] At this time, the second group of battery strings 11 can limit the movement of the limiting member 6 in the width direction X of the photovoltaic module, thereby achieving the installation and fixation of the limiting member 6.

[0148] It should be noted that, along the height direction Z of the photovoltaic module, the side of the first connecting part 62 close to the front encapsulation layer 3 is its upper surface, and the side away from the front encapsulation layer 3 is its lower surface; along the height direction Z of the photovoltaic module, the side of the second connecting part 63 close to the back encapsulation layer 5 is its lower surface, and the side away from the back encapsulation layer 5 is its upper surface.

[0149] If the photovoltaic module adopts the first stacking order, then in the above-mentioned method of arranging the cell strings 11 and the stoppers 6, a group of cell strings 11 is first placed on the side surface of the front encapsulation layer 3 away from the front panel 2, and then the stoppers 6 are placed, and the upper surface of the second connecting portion 63 is connected to the backlight surface of the group of cell strings 11. Then, another group of cell strings 11 is placed, and the light-facing surface of the group of cell strings 11 is connected to the lower surface of the first connecting portion 62. Then, the above steps are repeated to install the remaining cell strings 11 and the stoppers 6. If the photovoltaic module adopts the second stacking order, then in the above-mentioned method of setting the battery strings 11 and the limiting members 6, a group of battery strings 11 is first placed on the side surface of the back packaging layer 5 away from the back plate 4, and then the limiting members 6 are placed, and the lower surface of the first connecting part 62 is connected to the light-facing surface of the group of battery strings 11, and then another group of battery strings 11 is placed, and the backlight surface of the group of battery strings 11 is connected to the upper surface of the second connecting part 63, and then the above steps are repeated to install the remaining battery strings 11 and limiting members 6.

[0150] In another specific embodiment, the limiting member 6 further includes a first connecting portion 62 and a second connecting portion 63. The first connecting portion 62 and the second connecting portion 63 are fixedly connected to both ends of the main portion 61 along the height direction Z of the photovoltaic module. The cross-sectional shape of the limiting member 6 is C-shaped. In this case, when the limiting member 6 is provided between two adjacent groups of battery strings 11, as shown in FIG. Figure 11 As shown, the preparation method specifically includes:

[0151] Step B1: Connect the lower surface of the first connecting portion 62 and the upper surface of the second connecting portion 63 to the light-facing surface and the backlight surface of the same battery string 11 respectively, so that the limiting member 6 is locked on the battery string 11 to form a battery string assembly.

[0152] The limiting member 6 is first snapped onto the battery string 11 , which can achieve a stable connection between the limiting member 6 and the battery string 11 , improve the installation stability of the limiting member 6 , avoid displacement of the limiting member 6 , and help improve the isolation effect of the limiting member 6 on two adjacent battery strings 11 .

[0153] Step B2: Place multiple battery string assemblies in sequence along the width direction X of the photovoltaic assembly so that two adjacent battery string assemblies 11 clamp the main body 61 together.

[0154] Placing the limiter 6 and the battery string 11 in the form of a battery string assembly can set the positional relationship between the limiter 6 and the battery string 11 in advance, compared to placing them sequentially. There is no need to adjust the position of the limiter 6 during the stacking process, thereby improving the preparation efficiency of the photovoltaic assembly.

[0155] If the photovoltaic module adopts the first stacking sequence, then in the above method, the battery string assembly is placed on the side of the front encapsulation layer 3 away from the front panel 2. If the photovoltaic module adopts the second stacking sequence, then in the above method, the battery string assembly is placed on the side of the back encapsulation layer 5 away from the back panel 4. In another specific embodiment, the limiting member 6 and the front encapsulation layer 3 are an integral structure, and at least one limiting member 6 and the front encapsulation layer 3 enclose a receiving space. When the limiting member 6 is provided between two adjacent groups of battery strings 11, the preparation method specifically includes: accommodating the battery strings 11 in the receiving space so that the two adjacent groups of battery strings 11 jointly clamp the main body 61.

[0156] If the photovoltaic module adopts the first stacking order, then in the above method, the battery string 11 is placed on the side surface of the front packaging layer 3 where the limiting member 6 is provided, and the battery string 11 should be accommodated in the accommodation space; if the photovoltaic module adopts the second stacking order, then in the above method, multiple groups of battery strings 11 are first placed at intervals on the side surface of the back packaging layer 5 away from the backboard 4, and then the side surface of the front packaging layer 3 where the limiting member 6 is provided is laid toward the photovoltaic cell group 1. During this process, it should be noted that the spacing between the limiting member 6 and the two adjacent groups of battery strings 11 should be aligned along the height direction Z of the photovoltaic module so that the battery string 11 can be accommodated in the accommodation space.

[0157] Alternatively, the limiting member 6 and the back packaging layer 5 are an integrated structure, and at least one limiting member 6 and the back packaging layer 5 enclose a receiving space. When the limiting member 6 is set between two adjacent groups of battery strings 11, the preparation method specifically includes: accommodating the battery string 11 in the receiving space so that the two adjacent groups of battery strings 11 jointly clamp the main body 61.

[0158] If the photovoltaic module adopts the second stacking order, then in the above method, multiple groups of battery strings 11 are first placed at intervals on the side surface of the front packaging layer 3 away from the front panel 2, and then the side surface of the back packaging layer 5 with the limiting member 6 is laid toward the photovoltaic battery group 1. In this process, it should be noted that the spacing between the limiting member 6 and the two adjacent groups of battery strings 11 is aligned along the height direction Z of the photovoltaic module so that the battery string 11 can be accommodated in the accommodation space; if the photovoltaic module adopts the second stacking order, then in the above method, the battery string 11 is placed on the side surface of the back packaging layer 5 with the limiting member 6, and the battery string 11 should be accommodated in the accommodation space.

[0159] In a specific embodiment, before setting the limiter 6 between two adjacent groups of battery strings 11, the preparation method further includes: setting a positioning tape 7 on the two adjacent groups of battery strings 11, and the two ends of the positioning tape 7 are respectively bonded to the two adjacent groups of battery strings 11 along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module; or, after setting the limiter 6 between the two adjacent groups of battery strings 11, the preparation method further includes: setting a positioning tape 7 on the two adjacent groups of battery strings 11, and the two ends of the positioning tape 7 are respectively bonded to the two adjacent groups of battery strings 11 along the width direction X of the photovoltaic module.

[0160] If the structure of the limiting member 6 is as follows Figure 3 As shown, it only has a main body 61 and does not have the first connecting portion 62 and the second connecting portion 63. In the stacking process, first place two groups of battery strings 11, then stick the positioning tape 7 between the two groups of battery strings, and then insert the limiter 6 between the two adjacent groups of battery strings 11 that have been fixed by the positioning tape 7. Then continue to place another battery string 11, so that one of the two groups of battery strings 11 just set is connected to the battery string 11 through the positioning tape 7, and then continue to insert the limiter 6 between the two.

[0161] If the cross-section of the limiting member 6 is C-shaped, Z-shaped or I-shaped, or the limiting member 6 is an integrated structure with the front packaging layer 3 and / or the back packaging layer 5, the positioning tape 7 can be pasted after the battery string 11 and the limiting member 6 are placed. Preferably, the two groups of battery strings 11 can be connected to the limiting member 6 first, and then the positioning tape 7 can be pasted on the two groups of battery strings 11, and then the remaining battery strings 11 can be placed and connected one by one in this order, that is, after every two groups of battery strings 11 are placed in position and the limiting member 6 is set, the positioning tape 7 is pasted.

[0162] According to the stacking order of the photovoltaic modules, the positioning tape 7 can be selectively attached to the light-facing side or the backlight side of the cell 111. For example, when the limiting member 6 is Figure 3 In the structure shown in FIG. 1 , when the first stacking order is adopted, the cell 111 is first placed on the front encapsulation layer 3 so that the light-facing side is first attached to the front encapsulation layer 3. In this case, the positioning tape 7 can be attached to the backlight side of the cell 111. When the limiter 6 is Figure 3 In the structure shown, when the second stacking sequence is used, the cell 111 is first placed on the back encapsulation layer 5, so that its backlight surface is first in contact with the back encapsulation layer 5. In this case, the positioning tape 7 can be attached to the light-facing surface of the cell 111. When the stopper 6 has other structures, the location of the positioning tape 7 is similar.

[0163] In order to reduce the influence of the positioning tape 7 on the power of the photovoltaic module, it is preferably attached to the backlight surface of the battery cell 111.

[0164] It should be noted that the data involved in the above embodiments are allowed to have an error value of 5% to 10%, which will not affect the technical effects of the present application.

[0165] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module comprises: A photovoltaic cell group (1), comprising a plurality of cell strings (11) arranged at intervals along the width direction of the photovoltaic module; A front encapsulation structure is provided on the light-facing surface of the photovoltaic cell group (1), the front encapsulation structure comprising a front plate (2) and a front encapsulation layer (3); A backside encapsulation structure is provided on the backlight side of the photovoltaic cell group (1), the backside encapsulation structure comprising a backboard (4) and a backside encapsulation layer (5), the backboard (4) and the front panel (2) jointly clamping the front side encapsulation layer (3), the photovoltaic cell group (1) and the backside encapsulation layer (5); Wherein, along the width direction of the photovoltaic module, the spacing L1 between two adjacent groups of the battery strings (11) satisfies: 0.3mm≤L1≤1.5mm; The photovoltaic assembly further comprises a limiting member (6), the limiting member (6) being located between two adjacent groups of the battery strings (11), the limiting member (6) comprising a main body (61), a first connecting portion (62) and a second connecting portion (63), at least a portion of the main body (61) being clamped between the two adjacent groups of the battery strings (11), the first connecting portion (62) and the second connecting portion (63) being fixedly connected to both ends of the main body (61) along the height direction of the photovoltaic assembly, the upper surface of the first connecting portion (62) being used to connect to the front encapsulation layer (3), and the lower surface of the second connecting portion (63) being used to connect to the back encapsulation layer (5); The cross-section of the limiting member (6) is Z-shaped, the lower surface of the first connecting portion (62) is connected to the light-facing surface of the battery string (11), and the upper surface of the second connecting portion (63) is connected to the backlight surface of another adjacent group of battery strings (11); Alternatively, the cross-sectional shape of the limiting member (6) is C-shaped, and the lower surface of the first connecting portion (62) and the upper surface of the second connecting portion (63) are respectively connected to the light-facing surface and the backlight surface of the same battery string (11).

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that Along the height direction of the photovoltaic assembly, the height H1 of the limiting member (6) satisfies: 0.5 mm ≤ H1 ≤ 3 mm.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The material of the limiting member (6) is an insulating material; The limiting member (6) is made of one of a film, transparent glass, cured insulating glue, a transparent plastic plate, and transparent rubber.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The limiting member (6) and the front packaging layer (3) are an integrated structure, at least one of the limiting members (6) and the front packaging layer (3) enclose a receiving space, and the battery string (11) is located in the receiving space; And / or, the limiting member (6) and the back packaging layer (5) are an integrated structure, at least one of the limiting members (6) and the back packaging layer (5) enclose a receiving space, and the battery string (11) is located in the receiving space.

5. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A plurality of the limiting members (6) are provided between two adjacent groups of the battery strings (11), and the plurality of the limiting members (6) are spaced apart along the length direction of the photovoltaic assembly.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The battery string (11) comprises a plurality of battery cells (111) arranged along the length direction of the photovoltaic module, wherein the battery cells (111) have a first size D1 along the width direction of the photovoltaic module, and a second size D2 along the length direction of the photovoltaic module; The battery cell (111) is a two-piece cell, and the values of D1:D2 satisfy: 2<D1:D2≤2.02; Alternatively, the battery cell (111) is divided into three pieces, and the values of D1:D2 satisfy: 3.01≤D1:D2≤3.03; Alternatively, the battery cell (111) is divided into four pieces, and the values of D1:D2 satisfy: 4.01≤D1:D2≤4.

04.

7. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: A photovoltaic cell group (1) is provided, wherein the photovoltaic cell group (1) comprises a plurality of cell strings (11); Providing a front packaging structure and a back packaging structure, wherein the front packaging structure comprises a front plate (2) and a front packaging layer (3), and the back packaging structure comprises a back plate (4) and a back packaging layer (5); The front plate (2), the front encapsulation layer (3), the photovoltaic cell group (1), the back encapsulation layer (5) and the back plate (4) are stacked, and a plurality of groups of the cell strings (11) are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the photovoltaic module, and the spacing L1 between two adjacent cell strings (11) satisfies: 0.3 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 1.5 mm; A limiting member (6) is provided between two adjacent groups of battery strings (11), and at least a portion of the main body (61) of the limiting member (6) is clamped between the two adjacent groups of battery strings (11); laminating the front plate (2), the front encapsulation layer (3), the photovoltaic cell group (1), the back encapsulation layer (5) and the back plate (4) to form the photovoltaic module; The limiting member (6) further comprises a first connecting portion (62) and a second connecting portion (63), and along the height direction of the photovoltaic assembly, the first connecting portion (62) and the second connecting portion (63) are fixedly connected to both ends of the main body (61); The cross-section of the limiting member (6) is Z-shaped, the lower surface of the first connecting portion (62) is connected to the light-facing surface of the battery string (11), and the upper surface of the second connecting portion (63) is connected to the backlight surface of another adjacent group of battery strings (11); Alternatively, the cross-sectional shape of the limiting member (6) is C-shaped, and the lower surface of the first connecting portion (62) and the upper surface of the second connecting portion (63) are respectively connected to the light-facing surface and the backlight surface of the same battery string (11).

8. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: When a limiting member (6) is provided between two adjacent groups of battery strings (11), the preparation method specifically comprises: The battery string (11) and the limiting member (6) are placed in sequence along the width direction of the photovoltaic assembly.

9. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the limiting member (6) is Z-shaped. When the battery string (11) and the limiting member (6) are placed in sequence along the width direction of the photovoltaic module, the preparation method specifically includes: Placing a group of battery strings (11); placing the limiting member (6) and connecting one of the first connecting portion (62) and the second connecting portion (63) to the battery string (11); Another group of battery strings (11) is placed, and the battery strings (11) are connected to the other of the first connecting portion (62) and the second connecting portion (63), so that the two adjacent groups of battery strings (11) jointly clamp the main body (61).

10. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 7, wherein: The cross-sectional shape of the limiting member (6) is C-shaped. When the limiting member (6) is provided between two adjacent groups of battery strings (11), the preparation method specifically comprises: The lower surface of the first connecting portion (62) and the upper surface of the second connecting portion (63) are respectively connected to the light-facing surface and the backlight surface of the same group of battery strings (11), so that the limiting member (6) is clamped on the battery string (11) to form a battery string assembly; The plurality of battery string assemblies are placed in sequence along the width direction of the photovoltaic assembly, so that two adjacent groups of battery strings (11) jointly clamp the main body (61).

11. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 7, wherein: The limiting member (6) and the front packaging layer (3) are an integrated structure, at least one limiting member (6) and the front packaging layer (3) enclose a receiving space, and when a limiting member (6) is provided between two adjacent groups of battery strings (11), the preparation method specifically comprises: The battery string (11) is accommodated in the accommodation space, so that two adjacent groups of battery strings (11) jointly clamp the main body (61); And / or, the limiting member (6) and the back packaging layer (5) are an integrated structure, at least one of the limiting members (6) and the back packaging layer (5) enclose a receiving space, and when a limiting member (6) is provided between two adjacent groups of battery strings (11), the preparation method specifically comprises: The battery string (11) is accommodated in the accommodation space, so that two adjacent groups of battery strings (11) jointly clamp the main body (61).

12. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 7, wherein: Before setting the limiting member (6) between two adjacent groups of battery strings (11), the preparation method further comprises: Positioning tapes (7) are provided on two adjacent groups of battery strings (11), and along the width direction of the photovoltaic module, two ends of the positioning tapes (7) are respectively bonded to the two adjacent groups of battery strings (11); Alternatively, after providing a limiting member (6) between two adjacent groups of battery strings (11), the preparation method further comprises: Positioning tapes (7) are provided on two adjacent groups of battery strings (11), and along the width direction of the photovoltaic module, two ends of the positioning tapes (7) are respectively bonded to the two adjacent groups of battery strings (11).

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