Battery explosion-proof valve air guide device and power battery pack

Abstract

The application provides a battery explosion-proof valve gas guiding device and a power battery pack. The power battery pack has a plurality of single batteries, each of which is provided with an explosion-proof valve. The battery explosion-proof valve gas guiding device comprises a main plate for being connected with the single batteries, a gas guiding channel provided on the main plate, the gas guiding channel being communicated with a discharge port of the explosion-proof valve, the gas guiding channel comprising an exhaust outlet, and a plurality of flow guiding portions communicated with the gas guiding channel and used for guiding combustible substances discharged by the explosion-proof valve to the exhaust outlet. The application can guide the combustible substances to be smoothly discharged to the outside of the battery box, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to a battery explosion-proof valve venting device and a power battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] The power battery pack used in electric vehicles and energy storage systems includes a battery box and multiple individual cells. During operation, the electrolyte and electrode materials of an individual cell undergo a thermal reaction to generate gas. To prevent gas from accumulating inside the battery and causing it to explode, individual cells are usually equipped with explosion-proof valves. When the internal gas pressure increases to a certain level, the explosion-proof valve opens, and flammable substances such as flames, smoke, or gases inside the individual cell are discharged through the explosion-proof valve.

[0003] However, flammable materials are directly discharged inside the battery box without a dedicated exhaust channel. The discharged high-temperature flammable materials will directly spray onto other individual cells, affecting them and easily causing short circuits in the wiring harness inside the battery box and thermal runaway of adjacent cells.

[0004] To address this issue, existing technology involves bending sheet metal parts to create an exhaust channel, allowing flammable materials to escape from the battery compartment. However, flammable materials tend to accumulate in the exhaust channel, causing blockages and hindering proper ventilation. Over time, there remains a risk of leakage into the battery compartment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery explosion-proof valve venting device and a power battery pack to improve the problem of poor emission of flammable substances and leakage into the battery box in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a battery explosion-proof valve venting device applied to a power battery pack. The power battery pack has multiple individual batteries, each of which is equipped with an explosion-proof valve. The battery explosion-proof valve venting device includes: a main board for connecting to the individual battery; a venting channel disposed on the main board, the venting channel communicating with the discharge port of the explosion-proof valve, the venting channel including an exhaust outlet; and multiple guide sections communicating with the venting channel for guiding the flammable material discharged by the explosion-proof valve to the exhaust outlet.

[0007] Preferably, the flow guide includes a backflow prevention zone and a guide zone. The backflow prevention zone is used to prevent the combustible material from flowing in the opposite direction to the exhaust outlet and to guide the combustible material back to the guide zone. The guide zone is used to guide the combustible material to flow in the direction of the exhaust outlet.

[0008] Preferably, the motherboard includes a first end, a second end, a first face, and a first side, the air guide channel extends from the first end toward the second end, and the exhaust outlet passes through the first end.

[0009] Preferably, the guide area includes a first arc-shaped segment, and the anti-reverse portion includes a second arc-shaped segment. One end of the first arc-shaped segment is connected to the air guide channel, and the other end is connected to the second arc-shaped segment. The first arc-shaped segment bends toward the first side. One end of the second arc-shaped segment is connected to the first arc-shaped segment, and the other end is connected to the air guide channel. The second arc-shaped segment bends toward the second end.

[0010] Preferably, the guide area further includes a third arc segment, which is symmetrically arranged with the first arc segment, and the anti-reverse portion area further includes a fourth arc segment, which is symmetrically arranged with the second arc segment. The flow guide has a heart-shaped groove, which is connected to the air guide channel.

[0011] Preferably, a diverter is provided between two adjacent flow guides, the flow guide being located within the gas guide channel, for diverting the combustible substance to both sides of the heart-shaped groove.

[0012] Preferably, the diverter is triangular in shape, with its vertex facing the second end and its opposite side facing the first end.

[0013] Preferably, the motherboard is made of thermosetting material, and the motherboard, the air guide channel, the flow guide, and the flow divider are integrally formed.

[0014] Preferably, the motherboard includes an insulating sealing gasket, which is connected to the first face and has a notch corresponding to the air guide channel.

[0015] The present invention also provides a power battery pack, including a battery box and a plurality of individual batteries, each of the individual batteries being provided with an explosion-proof valve, and further including a battery explosion-proof valve venting device as described in any of the above claims, the battery explosion-proof valve venting device covering the explosion-proof valve, the battery box having a vent hole, the exhaust outlet of the battery explosion-proof valve venting device communicating with the vent hole, and flammable substances being discharged to the outside of the battery box through the vent hole.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the technical solution of this invention has the following advantages: Combustible materials are discharged into the air guide channel through its connection with the outlet of the explosion-proof valve; the flow guide section directs the combustible materials in the air guide channel to the exhaust outlet, preventing the accumulation of combustible materials in the air guide channel and causing blockages and poor discharge; the check valve prevents combustible materials from flowing in the opposite direction to the exhaust outlet; and the diverter separates the combustible materials in the air guide channel, improving discharge efficiency. The power battery pack provided by this invention, through the corresponding connection between the exhaust outlet of the air guide channel and the vent, can guide combustible materials smoothly to the outside of the battery pack, providing safety for the power battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the battery explosion-proof valve gas guiding device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view of the battery explosion-proof valve venting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the flow of flammable material in the gas guiding device of the battery explosion-proof valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a power battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a single battery and a battery explosion-proof valve venting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the picture:

[0023] 1. Battery explosion-proof valve venting device; 11. Main board; 111. First end; 112. Second end; 113. First side; 114. Second side; 115. First face; 12. Venting channel; 121. Exhaust outlet; 122. Closed end; 13. Flow guide; 131. First arc-shaped groove; 132. Second arc-shaped groove; 133. First arc-shaped segment; 134. Second arc-shaped segment; 135. Third arc-shaped segment; 136. Fourth arc-shaped segment; 14. Diverter; 141. Vertex; 142. Opposite side; 2. Battery box; 21. Vent hole; 3. Individual battery; 31. Explosion-proof valve. Implementation

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. The present invention covers any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0025] To provide the public with a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments of the invention, but those skilled in the art can fully understand the invention without these details.

[0026] The invention is described in more detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are in a simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the invention.

[0027] This invention provides a battery explosion-proof valve venting device and a power battery pack. The device concentrates flammable substances such as flames, smoke, or gases emitted from the explosion-proof valve into the venting channel, and then guides the flammable substances to the exhaust outlet through the guide section. The exhaust outlet is connected to the venting hole of the battery box, thereby discharging the flammable substances to the outside of the battery box and reducing the risk of thermal runaway of individual batteries.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1-3 This illustration shows a battery explosion-proof valve venting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment takes eight individual batteries as an example, with each battery explosion-proof valve venting device corresponding to one of these eight individual batteries. The battery explosion-proof valve venting device 1 includes a main board 11, which is provided with a venting channel 12. One end of the venting channel 12 has an exhaust outlet 121, and the other end is a closed end 122. Therefore, the venting channel 12 is a one-way channel. The length of the venting channel 12 can cover the explosion-proof valve 31 of the corresponding individual battery. After the battery explosion-proof valve venting device 1 is applied to the power battery pack, the venting channel 12 is connected to the discharge port of each explosion-proof valve 31, and the flammable substances discharged from the explosion-proof valve 31 will enter the venting channel 12. The battery explosion-proof valve venting device 1 also includes eight guide sections 13. In this embodiment, the eight guide sections 13 are located on the main board 11, and each guide section 13 is connected to the venting channel 12. After combustible material enters the venting channel 12, it flows to the guide section 13 and, guided by the guide section 13, flows towards the exhaust outlet 121, and is then discharged from the exhaust outlet 12. Through the guidance of the guide section 13, combustible material does not accumulate in the venting channel 12, ensuring smooth discharge and high exhaust efficiency. This prevents the diffusion of high-temperature combustible material inside the battery box, avoiding thermal diffusion and thermal runaway of adjacent individual cells, and improving the safety of other individual cells.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the mainboard 11 is rectangular and includes a first end 111, a second end 112, a first side 113, a second side 114, and a first face 115. An elongated groove is formed on the first face 115, its length direction being consistent with the length direction of the mainboard 11. This groove forms a venting channel 12, which extends from the first end 111 towards the second end 112. One end of the venting channel penetrates the first end 111, and the penetration opening is the exhaust outlet 121. The other end is closed and close to the second end 112. In the prior art, sheet metal parts are used to make the exhaust channel, but the sheet metal parts cannot be completely fitted to the individual battery cells, making it easy for flammable substances to leak into the battery box. This invention uses a plate-shaped mainboard 11 with a flat first face 115. The first face 115 presses against the surface of the individual battery cells, and the mainboard 11 has a certain thickness, allowing for better contact with the individual battery cells, thereby improving the flatness and sealing of the connection and reducing the risk of flammable substance leakage.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, each flow guide 13 includes a guide zone and a backflow prevention zone. The backflow prevention zone is used to prevent combustible material from flowing in the opposite direction to the exhaust outlet 121 and to guide the combustible material back to the guide zone. The guide zone is used to guide the combustible material into the air guide channel 12 and flow in the direction of the exhaust outlet 121. In this embodiment, the guide area is a first arc-shaped groove 131 opened on the first face 115, and the anti-reverse area is a second arc-shaped groove 132 on the first face 115. The first arc-shaped groove 131 and the second arc-shaped groove 132 are connected and both are connected to the air guide channel 12. The first arc-shaped groove 131 includes a first arc-shaped segment 133 and a third arc-shaped segment 135, and the second arc-shaped groove 132 includes a second arc-shaped segment 134 and a fourth arc-shaped segment 136. One end of the first arc-shaped segment 133 is connected to the air guide channel 12, and the other end is connected to the second arc-shaped segment 134. The first arc-shaped segment 133 is bent toward the first side 113. One end of the second arc-shaped segment 134 is connected to the first arc-shaped segment 133, and the other end is connected to the air guide channel 12. The second arc-shaped segment 134 is bent toward the second end 112, and the curvature of the second arc-shaped segment 134 is greater than the curvature of the first arc-shaped segment 133. The third arc segment 135 and the first arc segment 133 are symmetrically arranged with reference to the center line of the main board 11 along its length. The fourth arc segment 136 and the second arc segment 134 are symmetrically arranged with reference to the center line of the main board 11 along its length. The first arc groove 131 and the second arc groove 132 together form a heart-shaped groove, and the air guide channel 12 passes through part of the heart-shaped groove. Through the guide area and the check zone, the discharged combustible material can flow unidirectionally and be discharged from the exhaust outlet 121 in an orderly and rapid manner. Only the cell that discharges combustible material and the cell between the exhaust outlet will come into contact with the combustible material, while other cells are prevented from coming into contact with the combustible material, thus further ensuring safety.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a diverter 14 is provided between every two adjacent guide sections 13. The diverter 14 is located within the air guide channel 12. When combustible material flows within the air guide channel 12, it is diverted by the diverter 14 to both sides of the heart-shaped groove, allowing the combustible material to smoothly enter the guide area and flow towards the exhaust outlet 121 under the guidance of the guide area, further improving the smoothness of emission and improving exhaust efficiency. In this embodiment, the diverter 14 is triangular in shape, with the center line of the triangle located on the center line of the air guide channel 12. The vertex 141 of the diverter 14 faces the closed end 122 of the air guide channel 12, i.e., towards the second end 112 of the main board 11, and the opposite side 142 of the diverter 14 faces the exhaust outlet 121 of the air guide channel 12, i.e., towards the first end 111 of the main board 11.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the flow of flammable material discharged from the explosion-proof valve 31 of one of the individual batteries in the battery explosion-proof valve venting device 1. After being discharged from the explosion-proof valve 31, the flammable material enters the venting channel 12. Part of the flammable material is diverted after passing the apex 141 of the diverter 14 and, guided by the two inclined sides of the diverter 14, enters the guide zone of the preceding guide section 13. Then, guided by the first arc segment 133 and the third arc segment 135 of this guide zone, it flows towards the exhaust outlet 121. Another portion of the flammable material flows towards the closed end 122 of the venting channel 12. Guided by the opposite side 142 of another diverter 14, it is diverted to the check zone and, guided by the second arc segment 134 and the fourth arc segment 136, returns to the guide zone, thus re-entering the exhaust channel 12 and flowing towards the exhaust outlet 121 under the guidance of the guide zone. By combining the diverter 14 and the guide section 13, the reverse flow of combustible materials to the exhaust outlet 121 can be better prevented, ensuring the unidirectional emission of the battery explosion-proof valve venting device 1 and improving emission efficiency. The combustible materials discharged from the explosion-proof valve 31 can flow from multiple directions, not all of which are shown in the figure, but regardless of the direction of flow, they will eventually enter the guide zone and flow towards the exhaust outlet 121 under the guidance of the guide zone.

[0033] In this embodiment, the main board 11 is made of flame-retardant, insulating, and high-temperature resistant thermosetting material, such as epoxy plastic or amino plastic, which can prevent it from being ignited by flammable substances and causing damage. The main board 11, the air guide channel 12, multiple flow guides 13 and flow dividers 14 are integrally formed, which is easy to process. The length of the main board 11 can be adjusted and determined according to different battery packs.

[0034] In this embodiment, an insulating sealing gasket (not shown in the figure) can be provided on the first surface 115 of the main board 11. The insulating sealing gasket has a notch corresponding to the gas guide channel 12, which does not affect the communication between the explosion-proof valve 31 and the gas guide channel 12. It can also have a groove corresponding to the flow guide 13, which does not interfere with the flow guide 13. The insulating sealing gasket can enhance the insulation performance of the main board 11, and when installed with the power battery pack, the main board 11 can better adhere to each individual battery cell through the insulating sealing gasket, so that a space with better sealing is formed between the gas guide channel 12 and the explosion-proof valve 31, reducing the risk of flammable material leakage.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the power battery pack provided by the present invention and a schematic diagram of the installation of individual batteries and battery explosion-proof valve venting devices. The power battery pack includes a battery box 2, multiple individual batteries 3, and battery explosion-proof valve venting devices 1. Each individual battery 3 has an explosion-proof valve 31, and the battery explosion-proof valve venting device 1 is installed on the individual battery 3. Taking 16 square-shell individual batteries as an example, 8 individual batteries are grouped together, and each group of individual batteries is equipped with a battery explosion-proof valve venting device 1. The venting channel 12 of the battery explosion-proof valve venting device 1 covers all explosion-proof valves 31, and each explosion-proof valve 31 corresponds to a flow guide 13. The main board 11 of the battery explosion-proof valve venting device 1 is tightly attached to the individual battery 3 to prevent the leakage of flammable materials. Two vent holes 21 are provided on the battery box 2. The position of the vent holes 21 corresponds to the exhaust outlet 121 of the battery explosion-proof valve venting device 1. The exhaust outlet 121 is connected to the vent holes 21. The flammable material discharged from the explosion-proof valve 31 is smoothly discharged from the exhaust outlet 121 through the battery explosion-proof valve venting device 1 and discharged to the outside of the battery box 2 through the vent holes 21, so as to avoid thermal runaway of other individual batteries and improve the safety of the power battery pack.

[0036] Although the embodiments are described and illustrated separately above, some common technologies are involved. Those skilled in the art can replace and integrate them between the embodiments. If there is any content not explicitly described in one embodiment, then another embodiment that is described can be referred to.

[0037] The embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this technical solution. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the above embodiments should be included within the scope of protection of this technical solution.

Claims

1. A battery explosion-proof valve venting device, applied to a power battery pack, the power battery pack having multiple individual batteries (3), each of the individual batteries (3) being provided with an explosion-proof valve (31), characterized in that, The battery explosion-proof valve gas guiding device includes: A motherboard (11) is used to connect to the single battery cell (3); A gas guide channel (12) is provided on the main board (11). The gas guide channel (12) is connected to the discharge port of the explosion-proof valve (31). The gas guide channel (12) includes an exhaust outlet (121). One end of the gas guide channel (12) is provided with the exhaust outlet (121), and the other end is a closed end (122). The gas guide channel (12) is a one-way channel. Multiple guide sections (13) are connected to the gas guide channel (12) to guide the combustible material discharged by the explosion-proof valve (31) to the exhaust outlet (121). The flow guide (13) includes a backflow prevention zone and a guide zone. The backflow prevention zone is used to prevent the combustible material from flowing in the opposite direction to the exhaust outlet (121) and to guide the combustible material back to the guide zone. The guide zone is used to guide the combustible material to flow in the direction of the exhaust outlet (121). The mainboard (11) includes a first end (111), a second end (112), a first face (115), and a first side (113). The first face (115) has an elongated groove, the length of which is consistent with the length of the mainboard (11). The elongated groove forms an air guide channel (12), which extends from the first end (111) toward the second end (112). The exhaust outlet (121) passes through the first end (111). The mainboard (11) presses against the surface of the single battery cell through the first face (115). The air guide channel (12) covers the explosion-proof valve (31). The guide area includes a first arc segment (133), and the anti-reverse area includes a second arc segment (134). One end of the first arc segment (133) is connected to the air guide channel (12), and the other end is connected to the second arc segment (134). The first arc segment (133) bends toward the first side (113). One end of the second arc segment (134) is connected to the first arc segment (133), and the other end is connected to the air guide channel (12). The second arc segment (134) bends toward the second end (112), and the curvature of the second arc segment (134) is greater than the curvature of the first arc segment (133). The guide zone further includes a third arc segment (135), which is symmetrically arranged with the first arc segment (133). The anti-reverse zone further includes a fourth arc segment (136), which is symmetrically arranged with the second arc segment (134). The flow guide (13) has a heart-shaped groove, which is connected to the air guide channel (12).

2. The battery explosion-proof valve venting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A diverter (14) is provided between two adjacent flow guides (13). The diverter (14) is located in the gas guide channel (12) and is used to divert the combustible material to both sides of the heart-shaped groove.

3. The battery explosion-proof valve venting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diverter (14) is triangular in shape, with the vertex (141) of the diverter (14) facing the second end (112) and the opposite side (142) of the diverter (14) facing the first end (111).

4. The battery explosion-proof valve venting device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The main board (11) is made of thermosetting material, and the main board (11), the air channel (12), the flow guide (13) and the flow divider (14) are integrally formed.

5. The battery explosion-proof valve venting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motherboard (11) includes an insulating sealing gasket connected to the first face (115), and the insulating sealing gasket has a notch corresponding to the air guide channel (12).

6. A power battery pack, comprising a battery box (2) and a plurality of individual batteries (3), each of the individual batteries (3) being provided with an explosion-proof valve (31), characterized in that: It also includes a battery explosion-proof valve venting device (1) as described in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the battery explosion-proof valve venting device (1) covers the explosion-proof valve (31), the battery box (2) is provided with a vent hole (21), the exhaust outlet (121) of the battery explosion-proof valve venting device (1) is connected to the vent hole (21), and the combustible material is discharged to the outside of the battery box (2) through the vent hole (21).

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