A method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorific value clean gas by using garbage and water

Abstract

The present application relates to a method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorific value clean gas by using garbage and water, comprising the steps of: feeding, preheating, low-temperature heating, primary medium-temperature heating, secondary medium-temperature heating, primary high-temperature heating, secondary high-temperature heating, gas outlet, gas washing, and gas storage. By this method, the garbage treatment method can be made more convenient, with minimal environmental pollution after treatment, and clean gas with high calorific value can be produced, effectively improving the ability of garbage treatment and reuse. It can treat peat, lignite, anthracite, coking coal, charcoal, firewood, biomass, food, plastics, rubber, seaweed, waste paper, waste cloth, animal carcasses, feces, etc. The water used can be clean water, sewage or poisonous water, and the application is more extensive. The produced gas has a high energy storage index and high calorific value. The hydrogen content in the gas is at least 50%, without nitrogen, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides, and has a significant emission reduction effect, which also has high environmental protection significance and very high economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of environmental protection waste treatment, and in particular to a method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorie clean gas by using waste and water. Background Art

[0002] Waste is relatively common in our daily life. Generally, waste is divided into domestic waste, industrial waste, agricultural waste, etc. For the treatment of waste, incinerators are mostly used for incineration treatment or landfilling.

[0003] During the incineration process, a large amount of toxic substances will be generated, such as dioxins, fly ash, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides, with large emissions. A perfect tail gas treatment system is required, such as a desulfurization tower and a denitrification device. The landfilling method not only pollutes the soil but also causes a decline in air quality and serious air pollution. Among waste, such as peat, lignite, anthracite, coking coal, charcoal, firewood, biomass, cooked food, plastics, rubber, seaweed, waste paper, waste cloth, animal carcasses, feces, etc., cannot be treated in the same way. Some need to be buried and some need to be incinerated.

[0004] Regarding the above related technologies, the inventor believes that the traditional waste treatment method is relatively complicated and causes relatively serious secondary pollution to the environment after treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make the waste treatment method more convenient, cause minimal pollution to the environment after treatment, and produce high-calorie clean gas, effectively improving the treatment and reuse ability of waste, the present application provides a method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorie clean gas by using waste and water.

[0006] A method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorie clean gas by using waste and water provided by the present application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorie clean gas by using waste and water includes the following steps:

[0008] Feeding: Using a screw feeding device to convey the waste mixed with water in the waste hopper to the recovery heating furnace;

[0009] Preheating: When the screw feeding device conveys the waste to the feeding end of the recovery heating furnace, after the waste enters the recovery heating furnace, it moves towards the discharging end of the recovery heating furnace in a way of preheating while conveying;

[0010] Low-temperature heating: When the waste moving to the discharging end of the recovery heating furnace enters the low-temperature heating furnace, it moves towards the discharging end of the low-temperature heating furnace in a way of heating while conveying;

[0011] Primary medium-temperature heating: The garbage moved to the discharge end of the low-temperature heating furnace enters the primary medium-temperature heating furnace and moves towards the discharge end of the primary medium-temperature heating furnace in the way of heating while conveying.

[0012] Secondary medium-temperature heating: The garbage moved to the discharge end of the primary medium-temperature heating furnace enters the secondary medium-temperature heating furnace and moves towards the discharge end of the secondary medium-temperature heating furnace in the way of heating while conveying.

[0013] Primary high-temperature heating: The garbage moved to the discharge end of the secondary medium-temperature heating furnace enters the primary high-temperature heating furnace, slowly slides down towards the bottom in the primary high-temperature heating furnace, and is heated in the way of heating while sliding down. The garbage solid residue sliding to the bottom falls into the slag discharge furnace.

[0014] Secondary high-temperature heating: The gas generated after heating in the primary high-temperature heating furnace enters the secondary high-temperature heating furnace for secondary high-temperature heating gasification.

[0015] Gas outlet: The gas finally generated after high-temperature heating in the secondary high-temperature heating furnace is conveyed to the gas outlet furnace for short-term cooling.

[0016] Gas scrubbing: The gas in the gas outlet furnace is conveyed to the gas scrubbing furnace for final purification treatment of dust removal and cooling after being cooled down.

[0017] Gas storage: The gas scrubbed by the gas scrubbing furnace is stored in the gas storage tank.

[0018] Optionally, the bottom of the primary high-temperature heating furnace is communicated with the feed inlet of the slag discharge furnace, and the slag discharge furnace recovers and discharges the garbage solid residue heated in the primary high-temperature heating furnace; the slag discharge port of the slag discharge furnace is connected to the cooling water pool, and the secondary high-temperature heating furnace is communicated with the lower side wall of the primary high-temperature heating furnace.

[0019] Optionally, the recovery heating furnace is provided with heat dissipation fins, and there is at least one ventilation pipeline connecting the gas outlet of the gas outlet furnace and the gas inlet of the gas scrubbing furnace. The ventilation pipeline is provided with a cooling heat exchange tube, and the cooling heat exchange tube is communicated with the heat dissipation fins.

[0020] Optionally, the recovery heating furnace, the low-temperature heating furnace, the primary medium-temperature heating furnace, and the secondary medium-temperature heating furnace are all inclined, and the feed ends of the recovery heating furnace, the low-temperature heating furnace, the primary medium-temperature heating furnace, and the secondary medium-temperature heating furnace are located at the lower inclined positions, and the discharge ends are located at the higher inclined positions.

[0021] Optionally, the primary high-temperature heating furnace is inclined, the feed end of the primary high-temperature heating furnace is located at the higher inclined position, and the discharge end is located at the lower inclined position; the secondary high-temperature heating furnace is horizontally arranged.

[0022] Optionally, the gas outlet furnace is vertically arranged, with the inlet of the gas outlet furnace at the bottom and the outlet at the top. The inlet of the gas outlet furnace is communicated with the outlet end of the secondary high-temperature heating furnace.

[0023] Optionally, the inlets and outlets of the gas scrubbing furnace are arranged at the upper side position of the gas scrubbing furnace. There is a height difference between the inlet and the outlet of the gas scrubbing furnace. Cooling water is provided inside the gas scrubbing furnace. The inlet of the gas scrubbing furnace is below the water surface of the cooling water, and the outlet of the gas scrubbing furnace is above the water surface of the cooling water. The outlet of the gas scrubbing furnace is communicated with the inlet of the gas storage tank.

[0024] Optionally, the specific gravity of the garbage to water is 1:1.5.

[0025] Optionally, the temperature of the low-temperature heating is 280 - 350 °C; the temperature of the first medium-temperature heating is 580 - 650 °C; the temperature of the second medium-temperature heating is 860 - 950 °C; the temperature of the first high-temperature heating is 1000 - 1050 °C; the temperature of the second high-temperature heating is 1060 - 1150 °C.

[0026] Optionally, the preheating, low-temperature heating, first medium-temperature heating, second medium-temperature heating, first high-temperature heating, second high-temperature heating, gas outlet, gas scrubbing, and gas storage are all relatively enclosed reaction spaces that are isolated from the outside air.

[0027] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] 1. Through this method, the garbage treatment method can be made more convenient, with less environmental pollution after treatment, and clean gas with high calorific value can be generated, effectively improving the treatment and recycling ability of garbage. It can handle peat, lignite, anthracite, coking coal, charcoal, firewood, biomass, food, plastics, rubber, seaweed, waste paper, waste cloth, animal carcasses, feces, etc. The water used can be clean water, sewage or poisonous water, and the application is more extensive. The gas storage index of the produced gas is high, the gas calorific value is high, the hydrogen content in the gas is at least 50%, there is no nitrogen, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides, and the emission reduction effect is significant, which also has high environmental protection significance and high economic benefits.

[0029] 2. By setting up the slag discharging furnace, the waste generated after the final heating can be recycled and discharged.

[0030] 3. Through the setting of the heat dissipation fins and the cooling heat exchange tubes, the equipment's own resources can be effectively utilized for preheating after heat exchange, reducing heat loss.

[0031] 4. By setting the recycling heating furnace, low-temperature heating furnace, primary medium-temperature heating furnace, and secondary medium-temperature heating furnace at an inclination, and through the coordinated setting of the primary high-temperature heating furnace and the secondary high-temperature heating furnace, the passing speed of the mixed garbage and water can be effectively slowed down, and the thermal reaction time of the garbage and water is extended. Coupled with the cooperation of low-temperature heating, primary medium-temperature heating, secondary medium-temperature heating, primary high-temperature heating, and secondary high-temperature heating, the thermal reaction of the garbage and water is more sufficient and the effect is better. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 It is one of the schematic diagrams of the principle of the production and treatment process of a method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorie clean gas by using garbage and water according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 2 It is the second of the schematic diagrams of the principle of the production and treatment process of a method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorie clean gas by using garbage and water according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Description of the reference numerals: 1. Garbage hopper; 2. Screw feeding device; 3. Recycling heating furnace; 4. Low-temperature heating furnace; 5. Primary medium-temperature heating furnace; 6. Secondary medium-temperature heating furnace; 7. Primary high-temperature heating furnace; 8. Secondary high-temperature heating furnace; 9. Gas outlet furnace; 10. Gas washing furnace; 11. Gas storage tank; 12. Slag outlet furnace; 13. Cooling heat exchange tube. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0035] The following will further describe the present application in detail Figure 1 , 2 with reference to the attached drawings.

[0036] An embodiment of the present application discloses a method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorie clean gas by using garbage and water. Referring to Figure 1 , 2 , it includes the following steps:

[0037] Feeding: The screw feeding device 2 is used to convey the garbage mixed with water in the garbage hopper 1 to the recycling heating furnace 3. Here, the weight ratio of the carbohydrate in the pure garbage to the water is 1:1.5.

[0038] Preheating: When the screw feeding device 2 conveys the garbage to the feeding end of the recycling heating furnace 3, after the garbage enters the recycling heating furnace 3, it moves towards the discharging end of the recycling heating furnace 3 in a way of preheating while being conveyed.

[0039] Low-temperature heating: After the garbage moving to the discharging end of the recycling heating furnace 3 enters the low-temperature heating furnace 4, it moves towards the discharging end of the low-temperature heating furnace 4 in a way of heating while being conveyed. The temperature of the low-temperature heating is 280 - 350 degrees Celsius.

[0040] Primary medium-temperature heating: The garbage moved to the discharge end of the low-temperature heating furnace 4 enters the primary medium-temperature heating furnace 5 and moves towards the discharge end of the primary medium-temperature heating furnace 5 in a way of being conveyed and heated simultaneously. The temperature of the primary medium-temperature heating is 580 - 650 degrees Celsius;

[0041] Secondary medium-temperature heating: The garbage moved to the discharge end of the primary medium-temperature heating furnace 5 enters the secondary medium-temperature heating furnace 6 and moves towards the discharge end of the secondary medium-temperature heating furnace 6 in a way of being conveyed and heated simultaneously. The temperature of the secondary medium-temperature heating is 860 - 950 degrees Celsius;

[0042] Primary high-temperature heating: The garbage moved to the discharge end of the secondary medium-temperature heating furnace 6 enters the primary high-temperature heating furnace 7. In the primary high-temperature heating furnace 7, it slowly slides down towards the bottom and is heated in a way of sliding down and being heated at high temperature simultaneously. The solid residue of the garbage that slides to the bottom falls into the slag discharge furnace 12. The temperature of the primary high-temperature heating is 1000 - 1050 degrees Celsius;

[0043] Secondary high-temperature heating: The gas generated after heating in the primary high-temperature heating furnace 7 enters the secondary high-temperature heating furnace 8 for secondary high-temperature heating and gasification. The temperature of the secondary high-temperature heating is 1060 - 1150 degrees Celsius;

[0044] Gas outlet: The gas finally generated after high-temperature heating in the secondary high-temperature heating furnace 8 is conveyed to the gas outlet furnace 9 for short-term cooling;

[0045] Gas washing: The gas in the gas outlet furnace 9 is conveyed to the gas washing furnace 10 after being cooled for final purification treatment of dust removal and temperature reduction;

[0046] Gas storage: The gas washed by the gas washing furnace 10 is stored in the gas storage tank 11.

[0047] Among them, the bottom of the primary high-temperature heating furnace 7 is connected to the feed inlet of the slag discharge furnace 12. The slag discharge furnace 12 recovers and discharges the solid residue of the garbage heated in the primary high-temperature heating furnace 7; the slag discharge port of the slag discharge furnace 12 is connected to the cooling water pool. The secondary high-temperature heating furnace 8 is connected to the lower side wall of the primary high-temperature heating furnace 7. Connecting the slag discharge port to the cooling water pool can effectively prevent the outside air from flowing back into the reaction furnace. The recovery heating furnace 3 is provided with radiating fins. There is at least one ventilation pipe connecting the gas outlet of the gas outlet furnace 9 and the gas inlet of the gas washing furnace 10. The ventilation pipe is provided with a cooling heat exchange pipe 13, and the cooling heat exchange pipe 13 is connected to the radiating fins. Through the settings of the radiating fins and the cooling heat exchange pipe 13, the equipment's own resources can be effectively utilized for heat exchange and preheating.

[0048] In this embodiment, the recycling heating furnace 3, the low-temperature heating furnace 4, the first medium-temperature heating furnace 5, and the second medium-temperature heating furnace 6 are all inclined, and the feeding ends of the recycling heating furnace 3, the low-temperature heating furnace 4, the first medium-temperature heating furnace 5, and the second medium-temperature heating furnace 6 are located at the lower inclined positions, and the discharging ends are located at the higher inclined positions; the garbage enters the feeding end of the recycling heating furnace 3 from the garbage hopper 1. The recycling heating furnace 3 is inclined. Conveyor belts are provided in the recycling heating furnace 3, the low-temperature heating furnace 4, the first medium-temperature heating furnace 5, and the second medium-temperature heating furnace 6. In this embodiment, a chain mesh belt is used for conveying. The conveyor belt slowly moves the garbage to the discharging end of the recycling heating furnace 3. The discharging end of the recycling heating furnace 3 is communicated with the feeding end of the low-temperature heating furnace 4. In this embodiment, the feeding end of the low-temperature heating furnace 4 is located below the recycling heating furnace 3 and is communicated with each other, so that the garbage can fall onto the conveyor belt in the low-temperature heating furnace 4 by gravity, and so on, and the garbage is conveyed in each furnace.

[0049] At the same time, the first high-temperature heating furnace 7 is inclined, and the inclination angle is relatively large, so as to ensure that the garbage forms a slow sliding state on the furnace wall of the first high-temperature heating furnace 7. The feeding end of the first high-temperature heating furnace 7 is located at the higher inclined position, and the discharging end is located at the lower inclined position. The feeding end of the first high-temperature heating furnace 7 is connected to the discharging end of the second medium-temperature heating furnace 6 and is located below the second medium-temperature heating furnace 6; the second high-temperature heating furnace 8 is horizontally arranged.

[0050] In this embodiment, the gas outlet furnace 9 is vertically arranged. The air inlet of the gas outlet furnace 9 is located at the bottom, and the air outlet is located at the top. The air inlet of the gas outlet furnace 9 is communicated with the air outlet end of the second high-temperature heating furnace 8; the air inlet and the air outlet of the scrubbing furnace 10 are arranged at the upper side position of the scrubbing furnace 10. There is a high-level difference between the air inlet and the air outlet of the scrubbing furnace 10, and cooling water is provided in the scrubbing furnace 10. The air inlet of the scrubbing furnace 10 is located below the water surface of the cooling water. Generally, the water surface of the cooling water can be set at a position 0.5 m - 1.2 m higher than the air inlet of the scrubbing furnace 10. The air outlet of the scrubbing furnace 10 is located above the water surface of the cooling water. The air outlet of the scrubbing furnace 10 is communicated with the air inlet of the gas storage tank 11. In this embodiment, the entire reaction system is in a closed state: preheating, low-temperature heating, first medium-temperature heating, second medium-temperature heating, first high-temperature heating, second high-temperature heating, gas outlet, scrubbing, and gas storage are all relatively closed reaction spaces that isolate the outside air, and water vapor is used in each of the above-mentioned furnace bodies to block the entry of air. When the garbage enters the recycling heating furnace, the spiral feeding device uses the self-weight of the garbage and water to block the air.

[0051] The basic principle designed in this embodiment is the carbon steam gasification reaction: C + H2O = H2 + CO, ΔH 0 298kThe reaction of = +132381 kj / kg mol is an endothermic reaction, also known as an energy storage reaction. The theoretically calculated energy storage index ZN of the reaction is 4.35. After removing the heat loss of the furnace wall, its ZN = 4.2 (the definition of ZN is the energy storage value of the produced product (gas) / the energy consumed during production).

[0052] The carbon in the above reaction formula includes carbon-containing materials; materials such as peat, lignite, anthracite, coking coal, charcoal, firewood, biomass, food, plastics, rubber, seaweed, waste paper, waste cloth, animal carcasses, feces, etc. can all be used as production raw materials; the water used in production can be clean water, sewage or poisonous water.

[0053] The two reactions of C + H2O = H2 + CO and C + CO2 = 2CO are both endothermic reactions, both have the function of energy storage, and can both achieve emission reduction and eliminate white pollution. However, the carbon steam gasification reaction is much better than the carbon gasification reaction. Its advantages are: 1. High energy storage index, ZNH2O = 4.35, ZN CO2 = 3.52; 2. High calorific value of the gas, the hydrogen content in the gas is at least 50%, and there is no nitrogen; 3. Significant emission reduction benefits. Using this kind of gas as the fuel of a power plant, the carbon dioxide emission can be reduced by at least 50%, or up to 67% (using plastics and rubber as raw materials), and even up to 99% (using animal fat and grain as raw materials), so the operation of capturing carbon dioxide from the flue gas of the power plant can be omitted.

[0054] Such as:

[0055] ① Plastics:

[0056] The reaction formula of water and plastics is: C2H4 (PE-type plastic) + 2H2O = 4H2 + 2CO

[0057] According to the reaction formula calculation, one ton of plastics can produce 4800 m 3 Nitrogen-free high-calorific value gas, and the hydrogen content in the gas is 67%.

[0058] ② Rubber:

[0059] The reaction formula of water and rubber is: C5H8 + 5H2O = 9H2 + 5CO

[0060] According to the reaction formula calculation, one ton of rubber can produce 4600 m 3 Gas, and the hydrogen content in the gas is 64%.

[0061] ③ Starch:

[0062] The reaction formula of water and starch is: 2C6H 1005 +12H2O = 1017H2 + 12CO

[0063] According to the reaction formula calculation, one ton of starch can produce 10700 m 3Gas, with the hydrogen content in the gas being 98.83%.

[0064] ④ Fat:

[0065] The reaction formula of water and fat is: 2C 57 H 11006 +114H2O = 11120H2 + 114CO

[0066] Calculated from the reaction formula, one ton of fat can produce 11130 m 3 Gas, with the hydrogen content in the gas being 98.98%.

[0067] In this embodiment, two energy storage reactions are compared, namely C + CO2 = 2CO and C + H2O = H2 + CO. The result shows that the carbohydrate gasification reaction is far better than the carbon gasification reaction. For example: the calorific value of the gas is high, the energy storage index is high, the reaction rate is relatively fast, the resources are abundant, the production cost is low, it is easy to promote in rural areas, the emission reduction effect is significant, it protects the environment, and eliminates white pollution, etc.

[0068] The following is the comparison of the two energy storage reactions:

[0069] 1. Carbon:

[0070] C + CO2 = 2CO ΔH0298k = +162297 kj / kg mol ZN = 3.52……(1)

[0071] C + H2O = H2 + CO ΔH0298k = +132381 kj / kg mol ZN = 4.35……(2)

[0072] Both reactions are endothermic reactions or energy storage reactions. They are reaction formulas that have been used in industrial production for a long time and are very familiar to people. In the formula, ZN is the energy storage index, and the definition of ZN is ZN = stored heat / consumed heat. For example: the heat absorbed (consumed) by the carbon gasification reaction is 162297 kj / kgmol, and the heat released after the completely combustion of the generated stored CO is 570865 kj / kg mol. The theoretical value of the energy storage index of this reaction is: ZN = 570865 / 162297 = 3.517. Considering the heat loss of the furnace wall, the heat loss carried away by the furnace gas, and the heat loss of the slag, the actual energy storage index is less than 3.517, but it cannot be less than 3.2 (when the heat loss reaches 10%). For the carbohydrate gasification reaction, the ZN value cannot be less than 3.88.

[0073] The CO2 in reaction formula (1) is the captured CO2. There is not a high requirement for the purity of CO2, and the flue gas from the power plant can also be directly used. The advantage of directly using the flue gas is that the expensive capture cost can be saved (the capture cost accounts for 2 / 3 of the total capture and storage cost), and its disadvantage is that the produced gas contains a large amount of nitrogen and the calorific value of the gas is low.

[0074] The water in Reaction (2) can be sewage or poisonous water. Organic or inorganic poisons will be completely decomposed in a high-temperature and strongly reducing atmosphere environment.

[0075] The carbon in the two reactions includes organic and inorganic carbon-containing raw materials. Carbon-containing materials such as peat, lignite, anthracite, coking coal, charcoal, firewood, biomass, food, plastics, rubber, seaweed, waste paper, waste cloth, animal carcasses, feces, etc. can all be used as production raw materials.

[0076] Calculated from Reaction (2), one ton of carbon plus 1.5 tons of water can produce 3730 m 3 nitrogen-free gas, with the content of CO and H2 in the gas each being 50%.

[0077] From Reaction (1), one ton of carbon requires 3.67 tons of captured carbon dioxide to produce 3720 m 3 gas.

[0078] The energy storage indexes of the two reactions are both greater than 3, meaning that the energy consumption in the production process is zero and it has the function of energy storage.

[0079] 2. Plastics:

[0080] PE type plastics:

[0081] C2H4 + 2H2O = 4H2 + 2CO...(3)

[0082] C2H4 + 2CO2 = 2H2 + 4CO...(4)

[0083] PP type plastics:

[0084] C3H6 + 3H2O = 6H2 + 3CO...(5)

[0085] C3H6 + 3CO2 = 3H2 + 6CO...(6)

[0086] Calculated from Reactions (3) and (5), one ton of PE or PP type plastics plus 1.3 tons of water can produce 4800 m 3 nitrogen-free gas, with the hydrogen content in the gas being 67%; PE and PP type plastics require 3 tons of CO2 to produce 4800 m 3 gas, with the hydrogen content in the gas being 33%.

[0087] 3. Rubber:

[0088] C5H8 + 5H2O = 9H2 + 5CO...(7)

[0089] C5H8 + 5CO2 = 4H2 + 10CO...(8)

[0090] Calculated from Reaction (7), 1 ton of waste rubber plus 1.32 tons of water can produce 4600 m 3 nitrogen-free coal gas, with the hydrogen content in the coal gas being 64%.

[0091] From Reaction (8), 1 ton of waste rubber requires 3.23 tons of carbon dioxide to produce 4600 m 3 coal gas, with the hydrogen content in the coal gas being only 33%.

[0092] 4. Starch:

[0093] 2C6H 1005 + 12H2O = 1017H2 + 12CO...(9)

[0094] 2C6H 1005 + 12CO2 = 1005H2 + 24CO...(10)

[0095] Calculated from Reaction (9), 1 ton of starch plus 0.1 ton of water can produce 10700 m 3 nitrogen-free coal gas, with the hydrogen content in the coal gas being 98.83%. Almost all is hydrogen.

[0096] Calculated from Reaction (10), 1 ton of starch requires 0.245 tons of carbon dioxide to produce 10700 m 3 coal gas.

[0097] 5. Fat:

[0098] C 57 H 11006 + 57H2O = 5560H2 + 57CO...(11)

[0099] C 57 H 11006 + 57CO2 = 5503H2 + 114CO...(12)

[0100] Calculated from Reaction (11), 1 ton of fat plus 0.087 tons of water can produce 10760 m 3 nitrogen-free coal gas, with the hydrogen content in the coal gas being 98.98%. Almost all is hydrogen, and the calorific value is three times that of the coal gas.

[0101] From Reaction (12), 1 ton of fat needs to add 0.21 tons of carbon dioxide to produce 10760 m 3 coal gas.

[0102] In summary, the comparison results:

[0103] From the above comparison, the following conclusions can be drawn:

[0104] 1. The calorific value of water gas is high

[0105] The calorific value of water gas is high because water gas contains more than 50% hydrogen. If plastics are used as raw materials, the hydrogen content is 67%, and for fats it reaches 99%. The higher the hydrogen content, the higher the calorific value of the gas.

[0106] 2. High energy storage index

[0107] The theoretical energy storage index of the water gas reaction is higher than that of the carbon gasification reaction. If the production raw materials are plastics, rubber or fats, etc., its value is estimated to be even higher.

[0108] ZN = 1 means that the production process has zero energy consumption. ZN > 1 indicates that the production process is an energy-increasing process, and the increased energy comes from the gasification of carbon. Calculations show that it fully complies with the law of conservation of energy.

[0109] ZN = 4.32, that is to say, one part of energy is consumed and 4.32 parts of energy are stored. One power plant becomes 4.32 power plants. At the same time, it also means that if water gas is used as the boiler fuel, the coal consumption for power generation is expected to be reduced to less than 200 g / kWh.

[0110] 3. Relatively fast reaction rate

[0111] For the carbon gasification reaction, hydrogen is a catalyst.

[0112] 4. Abundant water resources, low production cost and remarkable economic benefits

[0113] Comparing reaction (1) and reaction (2), one ton of carbon requires 3.67 tons of carbon dioxide to produce 3733 m 3 gas, while for water gas production, only 1.5 tons of water is needed to produce 3733 m 3 water gas. Moreover, water gas contains 50% hydrogen and has a high calorific value. If expensive carbon dioxide capture is adopted, calculated at $50 per ton, then $184 is required, which is about 1300 yuan RMB, and it cannot be compared with the price of water at all. Water resources are abundant and cheap. More significantly, it can be promoted in rural areas on a large scale, and gasification can be realized using waste such as firewood everywhere to produce the energy necessary for humans.

[0114] 5. Remarkable emission reduction effect

[0115] From the reaction formula, the carbon gasification reaction directly uses the captured carbon dioxide to produce gas and store energy, while the water-carbon gasification reaction uses water. In fact, no carbon dioxide can be seen. However, once water gas is used as the fuel for the power plant boiler, the carbon dioxide content in the flue gas can be reduced by at least 50%. About 8 billion tons of carbon dioxide are emitted by global thermal power plants, and more than 4 billion tons can be reduced.

[0116] If the technical routes of simultaneous production of lime and coal gas (CaCO3 + 2C = CaO + 2CO) are adopted during lime production and simultaneous production of iron and coal gas (Fe2O3 + 3C = 2Fe + 3CO) are adopted during iron smelting, the combination of the two can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 3.1 billion tons. Added together, the amount of carbon dioxide emissions reduced reaches more than 7 billion tons, far exceeding the requirement of the International Energy Agency to capture 3.3 billion tons annually. If the emission reduction from reforming waste incinerators into electrothermal gas generators is added, there may be an over-capture phenomenon, and over-capture is not allowed because plants need carbon dioxide for growth. Therefore, it is obviously unnecessary to build a large number of CCS devices globally and study various methods of capturing carbon dioxide.

[0117] 6. Environmental Protection

[0118] Similar to the carbon gasification reaction, both can store energy, process garbage, and eliminate white pollution. The difference is that the water used in the carbon-water reaction can be sewage or poisonous water. Theoretically, one ton of carbon requires 1.5 tons of water, and a little more water should be added in actual production to ensure the reaction is completed; this water can be sewage or poisonous water, and the organic or inorganic poisons in the water are expected to be decomposed after being quenched in a high-temperature and strongly reducing atmosphere of 1000°C. SO2, NO X Oxidizing gases cannot appear in the coal gas, so it is a nitrogen-free high-calorie clean coal gas.

[0119] Using sulfur-free water gas as the fuel for power plant boilers may eliminate the need for desulfurization and denitrification devices in power plants.

[0120] 7. Economic Benefits

[0121] Economic benefits are a matter of great concern to people. Calculated from the reaction formula:

[0122] C + H2O (liquid, gas) = H2 + CO - 39488 kcal / kg mol (165328 kj / kg mol)

[0123] -28380 kcal / kg mol (118821 kj / kg mol)

[0124] The reaction is an endothermic reaction. There are two values, the higher value is for liquid water and the lower value is for water vapor participating in the reaction.

[0125] Calculated according to 1 kwh = 3.6x106 joules, the result is that it takes 1.026 kwh of electricity (water) or 0.74 kwh of electricity (water vapor) to produce 1 m 3 gas. With an additional 10% heat loss (usually the heat loss of a large furnace wall is 3%), the values are 1.13 and 0.81 respectively.

[0126] Comparing the current electricity prices and gas prices, the expected economic benefits are still very good.

[0127] 8. Conclusions

[0128] Both of the two reactions are endothermic reactions or energy storage reactions, and the energy storage index is greater than 3. Although the carbon capture and energy storage technology route is far better than the carbon capture and sequestration technology route, the carbohydrate gasification reaction is better than the carbon gasification reaction. By using water instead of the captured carbon dioxide, the production cost is reduced. In particular, it can be popularized in rural areas, making full use of garbage everywhere to produce energy. It should be known that the sun transports energy to the earth day and night, and plants and animals on the ground grow day and night, storing energy all the time. Once this biological energy is fully utilized, the three problems of energy depletion, environmental pollution, and climate change will be alleviated or completely alleviated.

[0129] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and the protection scope of this application is not limited accordingly. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application shall be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorie clean gas by using garbage and water, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Feeding: Use a screw feeding device (2) to convey the garbage mixed with water in the garbage hopper (1) to the recycling heating furnace (3). Preheating: The screw feeding device (2) conveys the garbage to the feeding end of the recycling heating furnace (3). After the garbage enters the recycling heating furnace (3), it moves towards the discharging end of the recycling heating furnace (3) in a way of preheating while conveying. Low-temperature heating: After the garbage moving to the discharging end of the recycling heating furnace (3) enters the low-temperature heating furnace (4), it moves towards the discharging end of the low-temperature heating furnace (4) in a way of heating while conveying. First medium-temperature heating: After the garbage moving to the discharging end of the low-temperature heating furnace (4) enters the first medium-temperature heating furnace (5), it moves towards the discharging end of the first medium-temperature heating furnace (5) in a way of heating while conveying. Second medium-temperature heating: After the garbage moving to the discharging end of the first medium-temperature heating furnace (5) enters the second medium-temperature heating furnace (6), it moves towards the discharging end of the second medium-temperature heating furnace (6) in a way of heating while conveying. First high-temperature heating: The garbage moving to the discharging end of the second medium-temperature heating furnace (6) enters the first high-temperature heating furnace (7). In the first high-temperature heating furnace (7), it slowly slides down towards the bottom and is heated in a way of heating while sliding down. The garbage solid residue sliding to the bottom falls into the slag discharging furnace (12). Second high-temperature heating: The gas generated after heating in the first high-temperature heating furnace (7) enters the second high-temperature heating furnace (8) for second high-temperature heating and gasification. Gas outlet: The gas finally generated after high-temperature heating in the second high-temperature heating furnace (8) is conveyed to the gas outlet furnace (9) for short-term cooling. Gas washing: The gas in the gas outlet furnace (9) is conveyed to the gas washing furnace (10) after cooling for final purification treatment of dust removal and cooling. Gas storage: The gas washed by the gas washing furnace (10) is stored in the gas storage tank (11). Among them, the temperature of the low-temperature heating is 280 - 350 degrees Celsius; the temperature of the first medium-temperature heating is 580 - 650 degrees Celsius; the temperature of the second medium-temperature heating is 860 - 950 degrees Celsius; the temperature of the first high-temperature heating is 1000 - 1050 degrees Celsius; the temperature of the second high-temperature heating is 1060 - 1150 degrees Celsius; the preheating, low-temperature heating, first medium-temperature heating, second medium-temperature heating, first high-temperature heating, second high-temperature heating, gas outlet, gas washing, and gas storage are all relatively closed reaction spaces isolated from the outside air.

2. A method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorie clean gas using garbage and water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the first high-temperature heating furnace (7) is connected to the feeding port of the slag discharging furnace (12). The slag discharging furnace (12) recovers and discharges the garbage solid residue heated in the first high-temperature heating furnace (7); the slag discharging port of the slag discharging furnace (12) is connected to the cooling water pool, and the second high-temperature heating furnace (8) is connected to the lower side wall of the first high-temperature heating furnace (7).

3. A method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorific value clean gas by using garbage and water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recycling heating furnace (3) is provided with heat dissipation fins. Between the gas outlet of the gas outlet furnace (9) and the gas inlet of the gas washing furnace (10), they are connected by at least one ventilation pipe. The ventilation pipe is provided with a cooling heat exchange pipe (13), and the cooling heat exchange pipe (13) is connected to the heat dissipation fins.

4. A method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorific value clean gas using garbage and water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recovery heating furnace (3), the low-temperature heating furnace (4), the first medium-temperature heating furnace (5), and the second medium-temperature heating furnace (6) are all inclined, and the feeding ends of the recovery heating furnace (3), the low-temperature heating furnace (4), the first medium-temperature heating furnace (5), and the second medium-temperature heating furnace (6) are located at the lower positions of the inclination, and the discharging ends are located at the higher positions of the inclination.

5. A method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorie clean gas using garbage and water according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first high-temperature heating furnace (7) is inclined, the feeding end of the first high-temperature heating furnace (7) is located at the higher position of the inclination, and the discharging end is located at the lower position of the inclination; the second high-temperature heating furnace (8) is horizontally arranged.

6. A method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorific value clean gas using garbage and water according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas outlet furnace (9) is vertically arranged, the air inlet of the gas outlet furnace (9) is located at the bottom, the air outlet is located at the top, and the air inlet of the gas outlet furnace (9) is communicated with the air outlet end of the second high-temperature heating furnace (8).

7. A method for producing nitrogen-free high-calorie clean gas by using garbage and water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet and the air outlet of the gas scrubbing furnace (10) are arranged at the upper side position of the gas scrubbing furnace (10), there is a high-level difference between the air inlet and the air outlet of the gas scrubbing furnace (10), and cooling water is arranged in the gas scrubbing furnace (10). The air inlet of the gas scrubbing furnace (10) is located below the water surface of the cooling water, the air outlet of the gas scrubbing furnace (10) is located above the water surface of the cooling water, and the air outlet of the gas scrubbing furnace (10) is communicated with the air inlet of the gas storage tank (11).

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