Saving power for user equipment through sidelink resource allocation

Abstract

A user equipment (UE) configured to determine a resource selection window that identifies a first set (e.g., a total set) of candidate resources. The UE may then remove the one or more candidate resources from the first set of candidate resources in response to receiving sidelink control information (SCI) from a pedestrian UE that reserved the one or more first candidate resources. After removing the candidate resources from an initial or first set based on their presumed unavailability, the result may be a second set of candidate resources, which may be a subset of the initial or first set for use in communicating with a third UE. The UE may also be configured to remove candidate resources based on a reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold, which may also be adjusted based on a maximum value or highest priority of the pedestrian UE's data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to wireless devices, and more particularly to apparatus, systems and methods for allocating sidelink resources to reduce latency and power consumption and enhance reliability when communicating with wireless devices having low power capabilities. Background Art

[0002] The use of wireless communication systems is growing rapidly. One proposed use of wireless communication is in vehicular applications, particularly in V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) systems. V2X systems allow communication between vehicles (e.g., via communication devices housed in or otherwise carried by the vehicle), pedestrian UEs (including UEs carried by other persons such as cyclists, etc.), and other wireless communication devices for various purposes such as for coordinating traffic activities, facilitating autonomous driving, and performing collision avoidance.

[0003] The increased communication requirements of certain V2X systems may strain the power and resource capabilities of portable battery-powered UE devices. Additionally, some UEs are more power-constrained than others, and host communications with the UE may present reduced battery life, increased latency, and degraded communication issues. Therefore, improvements in this area would be desired. Summary of the invention

[0004] Embodiments of apparatus, systems, and methods are presented herein for a wireless device to allocate sidelink resources based on the presence of or interaction with other wireless devices with varying power capabilities in order to reduce latency and power consumption and enhance reliability.

[0005] Some embodiments relate to a user equipment (UE) comprising at least one antenna, a radio component operably coupled to the at least one antenna, and a processor operably coupled to the radio component. The UE may be included in a vehicle, for example, may be a vehicle UE (VUE). When the UE communicates with a pedestrian UE, the UE may perform additional steps in its resource allocation scheme based on the assumption that the pedestrian UE will perform a more limited type of sensing due to its power limitations. In other words, given the presence of a power-constrained pedestrian UE, the UE (e.g., a vehicle UE) may perform additional steps to reduce the possibility of resource conflicts.

[0006] First, the UE may be configured to determine a resource selection window that identifies a first set (e.g., a total set) of candidate resources. The UE may then remove one or more candidate resources from the first set of candidate resources based on various criteria. For example, in response to receiving side link control information (SCI) from a pedestrian UE that reserves one or more first candidate resources, some candidate resources may be removed or excluded. Candidate resources may also be removed for various other reasons. After removing these candidate resources from the initial or first set based on their presumed unavailability, the result may be a second set of candidate resources, which may be a subset of the initial or first set. The UE may then use the second set of candidate resources when communicating with other UEs.

[0007] In addition, the UE may be further configured to perform RSRP measurements on the one or more first candidate resources using a specified reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold. In addition, the UE may be further configured to increase the RSRP threshold if the number of candidate resources in the second set is less than the percentage of candidate resources in the first set. In addition, in some embodiments, the UE may be further configured to increase the RSRP threshold to a maximum value or determine the RSRP threshold based at least in part on the highest priority of the data of the pedestrian UE. In other aspects, the UE may also be configured to remove the one or more first candidate resources from the candidate resources of the first set, regardless of any reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement results.

[0008] In other embodiments, the UE may be further configured to determine that the third UE is a pedestrian UE based at least in part on sidelink control information (SCI) received from the pedestrian UE including at least one bit having a value indicative of a pedestrian UE.

[0009] In some embodiments, the UE may be further configured to determine that the third UE is a vehicle UE based at least in part on sidelink control information (SCI) received from the vehicle UE including at least one bit having a value indicative of a vehicle UE.

[0010] In addition, in other aspects, the UE can be further configured to re-evaluate the first set of candidate resources based at least in part on determining that at least one candidate resource in the first set of candidate resources is not in the second set of candidate resources, or to report pre-emption if any self-reserved resource is not in the second set of candidate resources due to a conflict with a reservation of a pedestrian UE with a higher data priority.

[0011] Some embodiments may be directed to a user equipment (UE) device having at least one antenna, a radio, and a processing element coupled to the radio for performing wireless communications. The UE may perform at least some of the methods described herein.

[0012] Some embodiments relate to a baseband processor having processing circuitry configured to perform at least some or all of the above operations.

[0013] This disclosure is intended to provide a brief overview of some of the topics described in this document. Therefore, it should be understood that the above features are only examples and should not be construed as narrowing the scope or essence of the topics described herein in any way. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the topics described herein will become apparent through the following detailed description, drawings, and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] A better understanding of the present subject matter may be obtained when the following detailed description of various embodiments is considered in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0015] Figure 1 An exemplary vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication system is shown according to some embodiments;

[0016] Figure 2 illustrates a base station in communication with a user equipment (UE) device according to some embodiments;

[0017] Figure 3 is an exemplary block diagram of a UE according to some embodiments;

[0018] Figure 4 is an exemplary block diagram of a base station according to some embodiments;

[0019] Figure 5 illustrates an example of a vehicle-to-everything network according to some embodiments;

[0020] Figure 6 A VUE candidate resource allocation procedure based on RSRP requirements according to some embodiments is shown;

[0021] Figure 7 A VUE candidate resource allocation procedure based on ignoring RSRP requirements according to some embodiments is shown;

[0022] Although the features described herein are susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that the drawings and detailed description thereof are not intended to limit this document to the specific forms disclosed, but on the contrary, their purpose is to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives that fall within the spirit and scope of the subject matter as defined by the appended claims. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] the term

[0024] Various acronyms are used throughout this disclosure. The definitions of the most prominent acronyms used that may appear throughout this disclosure are as follows:

[0025] UE: User Equipment

[0026] RF: Radio Frequency

[0027] BS: Base Station

[0028] GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications

[0029] UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

[0030] LTE: Long Term Evolution

[0031] NR: New Radio

[0032] NR-U: NR unlicensed

[0033] TX: Transmission

[0034] RX: Receive

[0035] RAT: Radio Access Technology

[0036] DCI: Downlink Control Information

[0037] V2X: Vehicle to Everything

[0038] PSCCH: Physical Sidelink Control Channel

[0039] PSSCH: Physical side link shared channel

[0040] PUCCH: Physical Uplink Control Channel

[0041] RSRP: Reference Signal Received Power

[0042] PUE: Pedestrian User Equipment

[0043] VUE: Vehicle User Equipment

[0044] QoS: Quality of Service

[0045] PDB: Packet Delay Budget

[0046] SCI: Sidelink Control Information SCI:

[0047] The following is a glossary of terms used in this disclosure:

[0048] Memory medium - any of various types of non-transitory memory devices or storage devices. The term "memory medium" is intended to include installation media, such as CD-ROM, floppy disk or tape devices; computer system memory or random access memory such as DRAM, DDR RAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, Rambus RAM, etc.; non-volatile memory such as flash memory, magnetic media, for example, hard disk drive or optical storage device; registers or other similar types of memory elements, etc. The memory medium may also include other types of non-transitory memory or a combination thereof. In addition, the memory medium may be located in the first computer system executing the program, or may be located in a different second computer system connected to the first computer system via a network such as the Internet. In the latter case, the second computer system may provide program instructions to the first computer for execution. The term "memory medium" may include two or more memory media that may reside in different locations in different computer systems connected, for example, via a network. The memory medium may store program instructions (e.g., in the form of a computer program) that may be executed by one or more processors.

[0049] Programmable hardware element - includes various hardware devices that include multiple programmable function blocks connected via programmable interconnects. Examples include FPGA (field programmable gate array), PLD (programmable logic device), FPOA (field programmable object array), and CPLD (complex PLD). Programmable function blocks can vary from fine-grained (combinational logic unit or lookup table) to coarse-grained (arithmetic logic unit or processor core). Programmable hardware elements may also be referred to as "configurable logic units".

[0050] Computer System—Any of various types of computing or processing systems, including a personal computer system (PC), a mainframe computer system, a workstation, a network appliance, an Internet appliance, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a television system, a grid computing system, or other devices or combinations of devices. In general, the term "computer system" can be broadly defined to encompass any device (or combination of devices) having at least one processor that executes instructions from a memory medium.

[0051] User Equipment - as used herein, generally refers in the context of a V2X system to devices associated with movable participants or traffic participants in the V2X system, i.e., movable (capable of moving) communication devices such as vehicles and pedestrian user equipment (PUE) devices, rather than infrastructure equipment such as base stations, roadside units (RSUs) and servers.

[0052] Infrastructure equipment - as used herein, may generally refer in the context of a V2X system to certain devices in a V2X system that are not user equipment and are not carried by traffic participants (i.e., pedestrians, vehicles, or other mobile users) but facilitate user equipment to participate in the V2X network. Infrastructure equipment includes base stations and roadside units (RSUs).

[0053] User Equipment (UE) (or "UE device") - any of various types of computer system devices that are mobile or portable and perform wireless communications. Examples of UE devices include mobile phones or smart phones (e.g., iPhone TM , based on Android TM phones), portable gaming devices (e.g., Nintendo DS TM , PlayStation Portable TM 、Gameboy Advance TM , iPhone TM ), laptops, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches, smart glasses), PDAs, portable Internet devices, music players, data storage devices or other handheld devices, etc. In general, the term "UE" or "UE device" can be broadly defined to cover any electronic device, computing device and / or telecommunication device (or combination of devices) that can be easily transmitted by a user and capable of wireless communication.

[0054] Pedestrian UE (PUE) device—a user equipment (UE) device that may be worn or carried by a variety of persons, including not only pedestrians who are strictly speaking people walking near roads, but also certain other peripheral or secondary participants or potential participants in the traffic environment. These include stationary persons, persons who are not in vehicles and may not necessarily be near traffic or roads, persons who are jogging, running, skating, etc., or persons in vehicles (such as bicycles, scooters, or certain motor vehicles) that may not substantially support the power capabilities of a UE. Examples of pedestrian UEs include smart phones, wearable UEs, PDAs, etc.

[0055] Base Station—The term “base station” has the full breadth of its ordinary meaning and includes at least a wireless communication station that is installed at a fixed location and used to communicate as part of a wireless telephone system or radio system.

[0056] Processing Element - refers to various elements or combinations of elements. Processing elements include, for example, circuits such as ASICs (application specific integrated circuits), portions or circuits of individual processor cores, entire processor cores, individual processors, programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and / or larger portions of systems including multiple processors.

[0057] Channel - a medium used to transmit information from a sender (transmitter) to a receiver. It should be noted that since the characteristics of the term "channel" may vary according to different wireless protocols, the term "channel" used in the present invention may be considered to be used in a manner that conforms to the standards of the type of device to which the term is used. In some standards, the channel width may be variable (e.g., depending on device capabilities, frequency band conditions, etc.). For example, LTE may support scalable channel bandwidths of 1.4MHz to 20MHz. In contrast, a WLAN channel may be 22MHz wide, while a Bluetooth channel may be 1Mhz wide. Other protocols and standards may include different definitions of channels. In addition, some standards may define and use multiple types of channels, such as different channels for uplink or downlink and / or different channels for different purposes such as data, control information, etc.

[0058] Figure 1 -V2X communication system

[0059] Figure 1 An exemplary vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication system is shown according to some embodiments. Note that Figure 1 The system is only one example of possible systems, and features of the present disclosure may be implemented in any of a variety of systems as desired.

[0060] A vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication system may be characterized as a network in which vehicles, UEs, and / or other devices and network entities exchange communications to coordinate traffic activity and other possible purposes. V2X communications include communications transmitted between vehicles (e.g., wireless devices or communication devices that form part of or are contained in or otherwise carried by a vehicle) and various other devices. V2X communications include vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communications, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications, vehicle-to-network (V2N) communications, and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, as well as communications between vehicles and other possible network entities or devices. V2X communications may also refer to communications between other non-vehicle devices participating in a V2X network to share V2X-related information.

[0061] V2X communications may, for example, follow 3GPP Cellular V2X (C-V2X) specifications, or follow one or more other or subsequent standards, whereby vehicles and other devices and network entities may communicate. V2X communications may utilize both long range (e.g., cellular) communications and short to medium range (e.g., non-cellular) communications. V2X communications with cellular capabilities may be referred to as cellular V2X (C-V2X) communications. C-V2X systems may use various cellular radio access technologies (RATs), such as 4G LTE or 5G NRRAT. Certain LTE standards available in V2X systems may be referred to as LTE-Vehicle (LTE-V) standards.

[0062] As shown, the exemplary V2X system includes a plurality of user devices. As used herein in the context of a V2X system, and as defined above, the term "user device" may generally refer to a device associated with a mobile actor or traffic participant in a V2X system, i.e., a mobile (capable of moving) communication device such as a vehicle and a pedestrian user equipment (PUE) device. User devices in the exemplary V2X system include PUE 104A and 104B and vehicles 106A and 106B.

[0063] The vehicle 106 may constitute various types of vehicles. For example, the vehicle 106A may be a road vehicle or automobile, a public transportation vehicle, or another type of vehicle. The vehicle 106 may communicate wirelessly in various ways. For example, the vehicle 106A may include a communication device that is part of the vehicle or housed in the vehicle, or may communicate through a wireless communication device currently contained in the vehicle or otherwise carried by the vehicle, such as a user equipment (UE) device (e.g., a smart phone or similar device) carried or worn by the driver, passenger, or other person on the vehicle, as well as other possibilities. For simplicity, the term "vehicle" as used herein may include wireless communication equipment that represents the vehicle and communicates with it. Therefore, for example, when the vehicle 106A is referred to as performing wireless communication, it should be understood that, more specifically, certain wireless communication equipment associated with and carried by the vehicle 106A is performing wireless communication.

[0064] Pedestrian UE (PUE) 104 may constitute various types of user equipment (UE) devices, i.e., portable devices capable of wireless communication, such as smart phones, smart watches, etc., and may be associated with various types of users. Therefore, PUE 104 is a UE and may be referred to as a UE or UE device. Note that while UE 104 may be referred to as PUE (pedestrian UE), they may not necessarily be carried by a person actively walking near a road or street. PUE may refer to a UE participating in a V2X system, which is carried by a stationary person, carried by a walking or running person, or carried by a person on a vehicle (such as a bicycle, scooter, or certain motor vehicles) that may not substantially support the power capabilities of the device. Please also note that not all UE participating in a V2X system are necessarily PUEs.

[0065] The user equipment is capable of communicating using multiple wireless communication standards. For example, in addition to at least one cellular communication protocol (e.g., GSM, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-V, HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000, 5G NR, etc.), UE 104A can be configured to communicate using wireless networking (e.g., Wi-Fi) and / or peer-to-peer wireless communication protocols (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi peer-to-peer, etc.). If desired, UE 104A can also or alternatively be configured to communicate using one or more global navigation satellite systems (GNSS, such as GPS or GLONASS), one or more mobile television broadcast standards (e.g., ATSC-M / H or DVB-H), and / or any other wireless communication protocols. Other combinations of wireless communication standards (including more than two wireless communication standards) are also possible.

[0066] As shown, some user devices may be able to communicate directly with each other, that is, without intermediate infrastructure equipment such as base station 102A or RSU 110A. As shown, vehicle 106A can directly perform V2X-related communications with vehicle 106B. Similarly, vehicle 106B can directly perform V2X-related communications with PUE 104B. In the case of some LTE and / or 5G NR implementation schemes, this peer-to-peer communication can utilize a "side link" interface such as a PC5 interface. In some embodiments, the PC5 interface supports direct cellular communication between user devices (e.g., between vehicles 106), while the Uu interface supports cellular communication with infrastructure equipment such as base stations. The PC5 / Uu interface is used only as an example, and PC5 as used herein may represent various other possible wireless communication technologies that allow direct side link communication between user devices, while Uu may represent cellular communication between user devices and infrastructure equipment such as base stations. Some user devices (e.g., PUE 104A) in a V2X system may not be able to perform side link communication, for example, because they lack certain hardware required to perform such communication.

[0067] As shown in the figure, the exemplary V2X system includes a plurality of infrastructure devices in addition to the above-mentioned user equipment. As used herein, "infrastructure devices" in the context of the V2X system refer to certain devices in the V2X system that are not user equipment and are not carried by traffic participants (i.e., pedestrians, vehicles, or other mobile users), but facilitate user equipment to participate in the V2X network. The infrastructure devices in the exemplary V2X system include a base station 102A and a roadside unit (RSU) 110A.

[0068] Base station (BS) 102A may be a base transceiver station (BTS) or a cell site ("cellular base station") and may include hardware capable of wirelessly communicating with user equipment (eg, with user equipment 104A and 106A).

[0069] The communication area (or coverage area) of a base station may be referred to as a "cell" or "coverage area". The base station 102A and user equipment such as PUE 104A may be configured to communicate over a transmission medium using any of a variety of radio access technologies (RATs), which are also referred to as wireless communication technologies or telecommunication standards, such as GSM, UMTS, LTE, Advanced LTE (LTE-A), LTE-Vehicle (LTE-V), HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000, 5G NR, and the like. Note that if the base station 102A is implemented in the context of LTE, it may alternatively be referred to as an "eNodeB" or eNB, and if the base station 102A is implemented in the context of 5G NR, it may alternatively be referred to as a "gNodeB" or gNB.

[0070] As shown, the base station 102A may also be equipped to communicate with the network 100 (e.g., in various possibilities, the V2X network, as well as the core network of a cellular service provider, a telecommunications network such as a public switched telephone network (PSTN), and / or the Internet). Thus, the base station 102A may facilitate communications between user devices and / or between user devices and the network 100. The cellular base station 102A may provide user devices such as UE 104A with various communication capabilities such as voice, SMS, and / or data services. Specifically, the base station 102A may provide access to the V2X network to connected user devices such as UE 104A and vehicle 106A.

[0071] Thus, although base station 102A may act as a "serving cell" for user equipment 104A and 106A, Figure 1, but user devices 104B and 106B may also be able to communicate with base station 102A. The user devices shown, namely user devices 104A, 104B, 106A, and 106B, may also be able to receive signals from (and may be within communication range of) one or more other cells (which may be provided by base station 102B-N and / or any other base station), such cells may be referred to as "neighboring cells." Such cells may also be able to facilitate communication between user devices and / or between user devices and network 100. Such cells may include "macro" cells, "micro" cells, "pico" cells, and / or cells of any various other granularity of service area size. For example, in Figure 1 The base stations 102A-102B shown in FIG. 1 may be macro cells, while the base station 102N may be a micro cell. Other configurations are of course possible.

[0072] A roadside unit (RSU) 110A constitutes another infrastructure device that may be used to provide certain user devices with access to the V2X network. The RSU 110A may be one of various types of devices, such as a base station, e.g., a transceiver station (BTS) or a cell site ("cell site"), or another type of device that includes hardware capable of wirelessly communicating with user devices and facilitating their participation in the V2X network.

[0073] The RSU 110A may be configured to communicate using one or more wireless networking communication protocols (e.g., Wi-Fi), cellular communication protocols (e.g., LTE, LTE-V, 5G NR, etc.), and / or other wireless communication protocols. In some embodiments, the RSU 110A may be able to communicate with a device using a "sidelink" technology such as PC5.

[0074] The RSU 110A may communicate directly with user devices such as vehicles 106A and 106B as shown. The RSU 110A may also communicate with the base station 102A. In some cases, the RSU 110A may provide access to the base station 102A to certain user devices (e.g., vehicle 106B). Although the RSU 110A is shown as communicating with the vehicle 106, it may also (or otherwise) be able to communicate with the PUE 104. Similarly, the RSU 110A may not necessarily forward user device communications to the base station 102A. In some embodiments, the RSU 110A may constitute the base station itself, and / or may forward communications to the server 120.

[0075] As shown, server 120 constitutes a network entity of the V2X system and may be referred to as a cloud server. Base station 102A and / or RSU 110A may relay certain V2X-related communications between user devices 104 and 106 and server 120. Server 120 may be used to process certain information collected from multiple user devices and may manage V2X communications to user devices in order to coordinate traffic activities. In various other embodiments of the V2X system, various functions of cloud server 120 may be performed by infrastructure equipment such as base station 102A or RSU 110A, performed by one or more user devices, and / or not performed at all.

[0076] Figure 2 - Communication between UE and base station

[0077] Figure 2 1 and 2. Figure 1 A user equipment (UE) device 104 (e.g., a base station 102A) in communication Figure 1 UE 104 may be a device with cellular communication capabilities, such as a mobile phone, a handheld device, a computer or a tablet computer, or virtually any type of portable wireless device.

[0078] UE 104 may include a processor configured to execute program instructions stored in a memory. UE 104 may perform any of the method implementations described in the present invention by executing such stored instructions. Alternatively or in addition, UE 104 may include a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (field programmable gate array) configured to perform any of the method implementations described herein or any part of any of the method implementations described herein.

[0079] UE 104 may include one or more antennas for communicating using one or more wireless communication protocols or technologies. In some embodiments, UE 104 may be configured to communicate using, for example, CDMA2000 (1xRTT / 1xEV-DO / HRPD / eHRPD) LTE and / or 5G NR using a single shared radio component and / or 5G NR or LTE using a single shared radio component. The shared radio may be coupled to a single antenna, or may be coupled to multiple antennas (e.g., for MIMO) for performing wireless communications. Typically, the radio component may include any combination of a baseband processor, an analog radio frequency (RF) signal processing circuit (e.g., including filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, etc.), or a digital processing circuit (e.g., for digital modulation and other digital processing). Similarly, the radio component may use the aforementioned hardware to implement one or more receive chains and transmit chains. For example, UE 104 may share one or more portions of a receive chain and / or transmit chain between a variety of wireless communication technologies such as those discussed above.

[0080] In some embodiments, UE 104 may include a separate transmit chain and / or receive chain (e.g., including separate antennas and other radio components) for each wireless communication protocol configured to communicate with it. As another possibility, UE 104 may include one or more radio components shared between multiple wireless communication protocols, and one or more radio components used uniquely by a single wireless communication protocol. For example, UE 104 may include a shared radio component for communicating using any of LTE, 5GNR and / or 1xRTT (or LTE or GSM), and an independent radio component for communicating using each of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Other configurations are also possible.

[0081] Figure 3 -UE Block Diagram

[0082] Figure 3An exemplary block diagram of a UE 104 according to some embodiments is shown. As shown, the UE 104 may include a system on chip (SOC) 300, which may include parts for various purposes. For example, as shown, the SOC 300 may include a processor 302 that can execute program instructions for the UE 104, and a display circuit 304 that can perform graphics processing and provide display signals to a display 360. One or more processors 302 may also be coupled to a memory management unit (MMU) 340 (the MMU may be configured to receive addresses from one or more processors 302 and convert those addresses into locations in a memory (e.g., a memory 306, a read-only memory (ROM) 350, a NAND flash memory 310), and / or coupled to other circuits or devices (such as a display circuit 304, a wireless communication circuit 330, a connector I / F 320, and / or a display 360). The MMU 340 may be configured to perform memory protection and page table conversion or setup. In some embodiments, the MMU 340 may be included as part of the processor 302.

[0083] As shown, the SOC 300 may be coupled to various other circuits of the UE 104. For example, the UE 104 may include various types of memory (e.g., including NAND flash memory 310), a connector interface 320 (e.g., for coupling to a computer system, a docking station, a charging station, etc.), a display 360, and wireless communication circuits 330 (e.g., for LTE, LTE-A, LTE-V, 5GNR, CDMA2000, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, GPS, etc.). The UE may also include at least one SIM device, and may include two SIM devices, each SIM device providing a corresponding International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and associated functionality.

[0084] As shown, the UE device 104 may include at least one antenna (and in various possibilities, multiple antennas, such as for MIMO and / or for implementing different wireless communication technologies) for performing wireless communications with base stations, access points, and / or other devices. For example, the UE device 104 may use antenna 335 to perform wireless communications.

[0085] UE 104 may also include and / or be configured for use with one or more user interface elements. User interface elements may include various elements such as display 360 (which may be a touch screen display), a keyboard (which may be a separate keyboard or may be implemented as part of a touch screen display), a mouse, a microphone and / or speakers, one or more cameras, one or more buttons, and / or any of a variety of other elements capable of providing information to a user and / or receiving or interpreting user input.

[0086] As described herein, UE 104 may include hardware components and software components for implementing features such as those described herein for performing more efficient vehicle-related communications. The processor 302 of the UE device 104 may be configured to implement part or all of the methods described herein, for example by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). In other embodiments, the processor 302 may be configured as a programmable hardware element such as an FPGA (field programmable gate array), or as an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit). Alternatively (or in addition), in combination with one or more of the other components 300, 304, 306, 310, 320, 330, 335, 340, 350, 360, the processor 302 of the UE device 104 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, such as the features described herein.

[0087] Figure 4 -Base station block diagram

[0088] Figure 4 A base station 102 (eg, Figure 1 102A in FIG. 102B . Note that Figure 4 The base station of is only one example of a possible base station. As shown, the base station 102 may include a processor 404 that may execute program instructions for the base station 102. The processor 404 may also be coupled to a memory management unit (MMU) 440 or other circuit or device, which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor 404 and convert these addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory 460 and read-only memory (ROM) 450).

[0089] The base station 102 may include at least one network port 470. The network port 470 may be configured to couple to a telephone network and provide access to the telephone network for a plurality of devices, such as the UE device 104.

[0090] The network port 470 (or an additional network port) may also or alternatively be configured to couple to a cellular network, such as a core network of a cellular service provider. The core network may provide mobility-related services and / or other services to multiple devices, such as the UE device 104. In some cases, the network port 470 may be coupled to a telephone network via the core network, and / or the core network may provide a telephone network (e.g., in other UE devices served by the cellular service provider).

[0091] In some embodiments, base station 102 may be a next generation base station, e.g., a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or "gNB". In such embodiments, base station 102 may be connected to a legacy Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network and / or to an NR Core (NRC) network. Furthermore, base station 102 may be considered a 5G NR cell and may include one or more transition and reception points (TRPs). Furthermore, a UE capable of operating in accordance with 5G NR may be connected to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs.

[0092] The base station 102 may include at least one antenna 434 and possibly multiple antennas. The at least one antenna 434 may be configured to function as a wireless transceiver and may be further configured to communicate with the UE device 104 via the radio component 430. The antenna 434 communicates with the radio component 430 via a communication chain 432. The communication chain 432 may be a receive chain, a transmit chain, or both. The radio component 430 may be configured to communicate via various wireless communication standards, including but not limited to LTE, LTE-A, LTE-V, GSM, UMTS, CDMA2000, 5G NR, Wi-Fi, etc.

[0093] The base station 102 may be configured to perform wireless communications using multiple wireless communication standards. In some cases, the base station 102 may include multiple radio components that enable the base station 102 to communicate according to multiple wireless communication technologies. For example, as one possibility, the base station 102 may include an LTE radio component for performing communications according to LTE and a 5G NR radio component for performing communications according to 5G NR. In this case, the base station 102 may be able to operate as both an LTE base station and a 5GNR base station. As another example, the base station 102 may include a 5G NR radio component for performing communications according to 5GNR and a Wi-Fi radio component for performing communications according to Wi-Fi. In such a case, the base station 102 may be able to operate as both a 5G NR base station and a Wi-Fi access point. As another possibility, the base station 102 may include a multimode radio component capable of performing communications according to any one of multiple wireless communication technologies (e.g., LTE and Wi-Fi, LTE and UMTS, LTE and CDMA2000, UMTS and GSM, etc.).

[0094] As further described later herein, BS 102 may include hardware and software components for implementing or supporting a specific implementation of the features described herein. The processor 404 of base station 102 may be configured to implement or support a specific implementation of part or all of the methods described herein, for example, by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively, processor 404 may be configured as a programmable hardware element such as an FPGA (field programmable gate array), or as an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) or a combination thereof. Alternatively (or in addition thereto), in combination with one or more of other components 430, component 432, component 434, component 440, component 450, component 460, component 470, the processor 404 of base station 102 may be configured to implement or support a specific implementation of part or all of the features described herein.

[0095] Figure 5 -Sidelink resource management

[0096] As mentioned above, some user equipment (or UE devices) may be able to communicate directly with each other, i.e., without intermediate infrastructure equipment such as base station 102A or RSU 110A. This direct communication between two wireless devices (such as between two vehicles or between a vehicle UE and a pedestrian UE) is referred to as sidelink communication. In other words, two UE devices performing peer-to-peer (direct) communication with each other may each utilize a "sidelink" interface and may be referred to as communicating on a sidelink channel.

[0097] In some existing implementations, a listen-before-talk (LBT) mechanism can be used during sidelink communications to access a shared medium (e.g., an unlicensed band such as that commonly used for Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and other short-range to medium-range communications (e.g., non-3GGP access)) to avoid conflicts (transmissions from two or more wireless devices attempting to access the shared medium) and improve medium utilization efficiency. However, the LBT mechanism is not collision-free. In other words, the LBT mechanism cannot guarantee collision-free transmissions.

[0098] In some embodiments, to avoid collisions, the transmitter may reserve periodic time slots for communication within a reserved period. In such implementations, if a collision occurs, the collision may last for at least a portion of the reserved period (and in the worst case, the duration of the reserved period) if the transmitter does not detect (or cannot detect) the collision.

[0099] As an example, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication network (e.g., as specified in 3GPP TS 22.185 V.14.3.0) allows a vehicle (e.g., a mobile unit within a vehicle, such as a wireless device contained within or currently contained within the vehicle and / or another transmitter contained or included within the vehicle) to communicate with various wireless devices. Figure 5 As shown, vehicles such as vehicle 502a can communicate with various devices (e.g., devices 502b-f), such as roadside units (RSUs), infrastructure (V2I), networks (V2N), pedestrians (V2P), and / or other vehicles (V2V). In addition, as shown, various devices within the V2X framework can communicate with other devices. V2X communications can utilize long-range (e.g., cellular) communications as well as short-range to medium-range communications (e.g., non-cellular). In some contemplated implementations, non-cellular communications can use unlicensed bands as well as dedicated spectrum at 5.9 GHz. In addition, V2X communications can include unicast, multicast, groupcast, and / or broadcast communications. Each communication type can employ an LBT mechanism.

[0100] As described above, according to the V2X communication protocol, the transmitter may reserve periodic time slots within the reserved period. More specifically, in order to help prevent conflicts on the shared side link channel, various UEs in the network (e.g., V2X network) may perform side link resource management for both network-assisted resource management and autonomous (e.g., non-network-assisted) resource management. In other words, various UE devices may operate to determine or schedule the use of side link resources for transmission to other UEs. In some embodiments, a UE such as UE 106 may initiate semi-persistent side link scheduling for resources. The UE may periodically broadcast a resource occupancy message (RO message). The RO message may include resource blocks (RBs) and / or subframes to be used (scheduled), the periodicity of resource occupancy (e.g., reservation), and / or the remaining time of resource occupancy (e.g., reservation). In addition, in some embodiments, a maximum allowed channel occupancy time (T_max_COT) may be defined. In such embodiments, the initial remaining time of resource occupancy may not exceed the maximum allowed channel occupancy time. In other words, resource occupancy may only last for a time less than the maximum allowed channel occupancy time.

[0101] In some embodiments, when a UE enters a new system (e.g., a new UE set and / or a new location), the UE may sense (listen) a channel to collect existing UE RO messages to determine available resources in the new system. In other words, before transmitting a RO message when entering a new UE set / area (e.g., a UE set adjacent to a sidelink communication), the UE may determine available resources by receiving RO messages from neighboring UEs. In some embodiments, when resource occupancy expires, the UE may determine available resources by receiving RO messages from neighboring UEs before transmitting a new RO message.

[0102] Saving power for user equipment through sidelink resource allocation

[0103] In some existing implementations, 5G NR V2X may include various scheduling modes. For example, 5G NR V2X Mode 2 may be designed for UE self-determination of sidelink transmission resources. 5G NR V2X Mode 2 includes various sub-modes, including:

[0104] Mode 2(a), in which the user equipment device (UE) autonomously selects sidelink resources for transmission;

[0105] Mode 2(b), where the UE assists in sidelink resource selection for other UEs;

[0106] Mode 2(c), where the UE is configured with an NR configured grant for sidelink transmission (e.g., a network-defined semi-persistent grant); and

[0107] Mode 2(d), where a UE schedules sidelink transmissions of other UEs.

[0108] In addition, due to the periodic nature of V2X message transmission, existing implementations of V2X may support semi-persistent scheduling (SPS), such as configured grants. For example, semi-persistent resources in SPS may represent timely repeating resources on a set of discontinuous subframes with a specific repetition periodicity. Semi-persistent resources can be scheduled on a set of discontinuous subframes with a subframe repetition period. In addition, existing implementations of SPS (e.g., LTE V2X) and their corresponding resource allocation designs are optimized for broadcast services. However, 5G NR V2X Mode 2 also supports both unicast services and multicast services. Therefore, there is a strong need to enhance methods to assist in semi-persistent resource allocation for unicast services and multicast services in 5G NR V2X Mode 2.

[0109] In NR V2X R16, both Mode 1 and Mode 2 resource allocation schemes may be supported. The Mode 2 resource allocation scheme may involve the transmitting UE selecting the sidelink transmission resources based on its own sensing and resource selection procedures. In Rel-17 sidelink enhancements, the goal is to specify resource allocation by introducing the principles of Rel-14 LTE sidelink random resource selection and partial sensing into Rel-16 NR sidelink resource allocation Mode 2.

[0110] As mentioned above, when using Mode 2, some UEs may need to periodically perform sensing operations on the sidelink channel at a relatively high frequency in order to identify and utilize potential resources of other UEs for sidelink communications. Such active sensing can consume device resources, such as power, at a relatively high rate. However, options for reducing sensing operations to a partial sensing state (such as the UE only monitoring a subset of the subframes it is receiving) still consume energy. Further, options that do not perform sensing (e.g., random resource selection) may have a high probability of resource conflicts.

[0111] In some embodiments, resource allocation for pedestrian user equipment (PUE) or other power-constrained UEs may be based on no sensing or partial sensing where resources may be randomly allocated. On the other hand, for less power-constrained UEs such as vehicle user equipment (VUE), full sensing may be assumed. However, in order to efficiently allocate resources, the less power-constrained VUE may need to be aware of the presence of the PUE. In addition, when the VUE is allocating resources, it may be beneficial to consider the resources reserved by both the VUE and the PUE. More specifically, the resources reserved by the VUE and the PUE may be treated differently, taking into account the power constraints or even the processing capabilities of the VUE and the PUE. For example, in addition to not supporting pre-occupancy checks, the PUE may not perform sensing or may perform partial sensing. In this example, due to the lack of sensing (for power saving purposes), the PUE is unlikely to evaluate the reserved resources. In addition, if resources reserved by the PUE are selected, the chance of resource symbol collisions in transmission / reception may be quite high.

[0112] During operation, the VUE may receive signaling from a UE identifying the UE as a PUE. As mentioned above, when a less power-constrained UE (vehicle UE) determines that some resources are reserved by a pedestrian UE (which is relatively more power-constrained), the UE may perform additional steps in its resource allocation scheme. This is based on the assumption that the pedestrian UE will perform a more limited type of sensing due to its power limitations. In other words, given the presence of a power-constrained pedestrian UE, the UE (e.g., vehicle UE) may perform additional steps to reduce the likelihood of resource conflicts. Refer to the following Figure 6 and Figure 7The operation is described. In addition, the VUE may perform additional pre-emption or re-evaluation operations regarding how it will allocate resources based on the presence of the PUE. Thus, the embodiments described herein take into account high power UEs such as VUEs, which take into account the presence of low power UEs such as PUEs when formulating resource allocation schemes.

[0113] Figure 6 - VUE candidate resource allocation procedure based on RSRP requirements

[0114] Figure 6 Some implementations of resource allocation schemes for VUEs that take the presence of lower power UEs into account are shown. More specifically, Figure 6 A candidate resource identification and elimination procedure for a VUE based on comparison of other PUE RSRP values ​​with a determined RSRP threshold is shown.

[0115] First, in step 602, the VUE may obtain an initial reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold. The RSRP threshold may correspond to a measurement of the average power received from a single reference signal, which is typically in the range of -44dBm to -140dBm and has a resolution of 1dBm. In other words, in the current implementation, RSRP is the received power spread over the full bandwidth and narrowband, and is a key metric for signal level and quality in modern LTE and 5G NR networks. For example, when a PUE moves from one cell to another in the network, the PUE may measure the signal strength and / or quality of the neighboring cells in order to perform cell selection or reselection and handover.

[0116] The VUE may also measure the RSRP of a transmission corresponding to the SCI received from the PUE. The measurement may be based on the PSCCH (control channel) DMRS or the PSSCH (data channel) DMRS. The RSRP measurement and SCI decoding may be part of a sensing procedure. In some aspects, the RSRP measurement may be for an existing transmission, and the measured value may be used as an estimate of the reserved resources. In doing so, the VUE may be able to determine an initial RSRP threshold based at least in part on the quality of service (QoS) of the sidelink data to be transmitted from the VUE.

[0117] Next, in step 604, the VUE may determine the resource selection window and the total number of candidate resources S M The resource selection window may be determined based on a PDB (packet delay budget) of the data to be transmitted and / or may be pre-configured or configured per resource pool or configured by PC5-RRC. In other words, after the VUE receives a reference signal transmission from the PUE, the VUE is able to determine a specific number S of candidate resources based at least in part on the resource selection window. M .

[0118] In step 606, the VUE may set the initial number S of candidate resources A Set to all resources in the window. In doing so, VUE has basically determined that all resources in the resource selection window are initially identified as candidate resources. In other words, VUE has already set S A Set equal to S M .

[0119] In steps 608, 610, and 612, the UE may remove or exclude resources from the initial set or the total set of candidate resources based on determining that the removed or excluded resources may already be in use.

[0120] In step 608, if the VUE has not yet performed a monitoring operation within the sensing window, the VUE may A In fact, because the VUE does not monitor the time slots during the sensing window, the VUE may not know the resource reservation status of the time slots in the resource selection window. In other words, if the VUE does not sense during the resource monitoring window and the configured resource reservation corresponds to a time period before the candidate time slot (i.e., outside the resource monitoring window), the VUE will select the resource reservation status of the time slots in the resource selection window from the S. A Exclude candidate resources from the .

[0121] Next, in step 610, if the candidate resource is reserved by another VUE having an RSRP greater than the determined RSRP threshold, the VUE may then select the candidate resource from S A For example, if two VUEs are attempting to communicate with the same PUE and reserve a particular sidelink resource, the VUE with the best signal quality or data priority level will have priority to reserve or maintain that particular sidelink resource due to its superior wireless connection to the PUE. In other words, the VUE with the poorer signal quality or data priority level will not interfere with the sidelink resource allocation of the better performing VUE-PUE pair. In this case, the VUE will be selected from the initial number S of candidate resources. A The specific candidate resource is removed from the VUE so as not to interfere with the side link communication between other VUEs and PUEs.

[0122] Moving to step 612, if the candidate resource is reserved by another PUE having a measured RSRP value greater than the RSRP threshold or the maximum RSRP threshold, the VUE may then select the candidate resource from the S ASimilar to step 610, if the PUE with which the VUE is attempting to communicate and has reserved a particular side link resource is communicating with another UE, the PUE with the best signal quality or data priority level will have priority to reserve or maintain the particular side link resource due to its superior wireless connection with the PUE. In other words, the VUE will not interfere with the side link resource allocation of the better performing PUE-PUE or PUE-VUE pair. In this case, the VUE will be selected from the initial number S of candidate resources. A The particular candidate resource is removed from the PUE so as not to interfere with the sidelink communication of other PUEs with the PUE. In addition, in some aspects, the VUE may apply a maximum RSRP threshold for this step. For example, after multiple iterations in which the RSRP threshold increases have been performed (see step 618 below), the RSRP threshold may be close to the maximum value applied to this step. However, in some embodiments, the resources reserved by a particular VUE may not have a maximum RSRP threshold. In addition, in other aspects, the priority of the PUE's data may be assumed to be the highest priority. In other words, the RSRP threshold may be determined based on the highest priority of the PUE's data. In other embodiments, a combination of RSRP comparisons based on individual, maximum, or highest priority may be implemented so that the VUE determines which candidate resources to exclude.

[0123] In step 614, VUE determines whether |S A | <X*S M In other words, VUE determines the number of candidate resources S A Is the absolute value of less than the total number of candidate resources S M The product of X, where X can be the total number S corresponding to the candidate resources M In some embodiments, the possible values ​​of X can be configured as 20%, 35%, or 50%. In other words, VUE determines the current set S of candidate resources. A (Some resources may be excluded according to the above steps) Is it less than the total number of candidate resources S M The total number of candidate resources S M The product with X may correspond to the minimum number of candidate resources required before reporting them to higher layers for sidelink communication.

[0124] In determining the number of candidate resources S A Greater than a specified percentage of the total number of candidate resources (X*S M ), VUE proceeds to step 616, where VUE sends the candidate resource S AReport to a higher layer. In other words, if the number of candidate resources meets or exceeds a specified percentage of the total available resources, the VUE may report this to the next higher layer. For example, the VUE may report this number of candidate resources to a higher layer so as to initiate sidelink communication using one or more of these candidate resources based on random selection.

[0125] On the contrary, when determining the number of candidate resources S A Less than the product of the total number of candidate resources (X*S M ), the VUE proceeds to step 618, where the VUE increases the RSRP threshold, and returns to step 606, where the candidate resource S A is reset to all resources in the window. In other words, if the number of candidate resources does not meet the minimum requirement corresponding to a percentage of the total number of resources, the VUE may attempt to relax its RSRP requirement by increasing the RSRP threshold (typically by approximately 3 dB per iteration) so that previously excluded candidate resources (due to exceeding the RSRP threshold) are not excluded in the following iterations. In other embodiments, the RSRP threshold increase step for each iteration may be different for the PUE and the VUE. More specifically, in some aspects, the RSRP threshold increase step for each iteration for the VUE may be greater than the RSRP threshold increase step for each iteration for the PUE. For example, a 3 dB increase may be applied to the RSRP threshold corresponding to the reserved resources of the VUE per iteration, while a 1 dB increase may be applied to the RSRP threshold corresponding to the reserved resources of the PUE per iteration. Thus, after a certain number of iterations, once the number of candidate resources S is reached, the RSRP threshold may be increased. A Greater than a specified percentage of the total number of candidate resources (X*S M ), then the VUE may proceed to step 616, where the VUE will A Report to higher levels.

[0126] Figure 7 - VUE candidate resource allocation procedure based on ignoring RSRP requirements

[0127] Figure 7 Some embodiments of a candidate resource identification and exclusion procedure for a VUE are shown based on the principle that if the VUE receives an SCI from a PUE that reserves a candidate resource, the VUE may always exclude the candidate resource regardless of what the RSRP measurement results may be.

[0128] First, in step 702, the VUE can obtain an initial RSRP threshold. As discussed above with respect to step 602, the VUE can also measure the RSRP of a transmission corresponding to the SCI received from the PUE. In some aspects, the RSRP measurement can be for an existing transmission, and the measured value can be used as an estimate of the reserved resources. In doing so, the VUE can determine the initial RSRP threshold based at least in part on the quality of service (QoS) of the sidelink data to be transmitted from the PUE.

[0129] Next, in step 704, the VUE may determine the resource selection window and the total number of candidate resources S M Similar to step 604 discussed above, the resource selection window may be determined based on the PDB (Packet Delay Budget) of the data to be transmitted and / or may be pre-configured per resource pool or configured by PC5-RRC.

[0130] Going to step 706, the VUE may set the initial number S of candidate resources A Set to all resources in the window. In other words, VUE has set S A Set equal to S M , which essentially identifies all resources in the monitoring window as candidate resources.

[0131] In step 708, if the VUE is not performing a monitoring operation, the VUE may A For example, as discussed above with respect to step 608, if the VUE does not sense during the resource monitoring window and the configured resource reservation corresponds to a time period before the candidate time slot (i.e., outside the resource monitoring window), the VUE may exclude the candidate single time slot resource from the S. A Exclude candidate resources from the .

[0132] Next, in step 710, if the resource reserved by another VUE has a measured RSRP value above the RSRP threshold, the VUE may select the resource from S A As discussed above with respect to step 610, VUEs with poor signal quality or data priority (lower RSRP) will be excluded from the initial number S of candidate resources. A This particular candidate resource may be excluded from the sidelink resource allocation in an attempt not to interfere with better performing VUE-PUE or VUE-VUE pairs.

[0133] Moving to step 712, if the candidate resource is reserved by another PUE, the VUE may select the candidate resource from S AIn this example, if the VUE receives an SCI from a PUE that reserves a candidate resource, the VUE may always exclude that candidate resource, regardless of what the RSRP measurement result may be. In doing so, the PUE assumes the highest possible priority with respect to that particular candidate resource. In other words, without taking into account the PUE's RSRP measurement value, the VUE will not include the candidate resource reserved by the PUE in the set of candidate resources to be delivered to higher layers.

[0134] In step 714, VUE determines whether |S A | <X*S M For example, VUE can determine the current set of candidate resources S A (Some resources may be excluded according to the above steps) Is it less than the total number of candidate resources S M A specified percentage of

[0135] The number of candidate resources S A Greater than a specified percentage of the total number of candidate resources (X*S M ), the VUE proceeds to step 716, where the VUE may report the situation to the next higher layer for the purpose of initiating side link communication using these candidate resources.

[0136] On the contrary, when the number of candidate resources S A Less than the product of the total number of candidate resources (X*S M ), the VUE may then proceed to step 718, where the VUE increases the RSRP threshold and then restarts the procedure from step 706. Similar to step 618 discussed above, the VUE may attempt to relax its RSRP requirements by increasing the RSRP threshold so that previously excluded candidate resources are not excluded in the next iteration. Thus, after a certain number of iterations, once the number of candidate resources S is A Greater than a specified percentage of the total number of candidate resources (X*S M ), then the VUE may proceed to step 716, where the VUE will A Report to higher levels.

[0137] Resource re-evaluation / pre-emption of VUE when considering PUE

[0138] In some embodiments, the VUE may utilize re-evaluation or pre-emption when determining resources from the PUE. For example, when the VUE is given a selected / reserved set of resources (r 0 、r 1 、r 2 ......) / (r 0 ’ 、r 1’ 、r 2 ’ ......) and following the resource selection procedures for identifying candidate resources, as above Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, additional steps may be implemented during steps 610 and 710. For example, if the UE receives an SCI from a VUE that reserves candidate resources and the RSRP measurement result is above the RSRP threshold, the VUE may select the SCI from the VUE that reserves candidate resources. A In addition, in some embodiments, if the VUE receives an SCI from a PUE that reserves candidate resources, the VUE may also exclude candidate resources from the SCI. A In doing so, the VUE can always avoid interfering with the reservation of any PUE.

[0139] In addition, if due to reservation with VUE and with data priority prio TX Associated self-reserved resources and data priority RX The conflict of the reserved resources of other associated UEs and the satisfaction of the priority RX <prio TX and prior RX <prio pre The preconfigured priority level prio pre , any self-reserved resources (r 0 ’ 、r 1 ’ 、r 2 ’ ......) not in S A In other embodiments, if any self-reserved resource (r 0 ’ 、r 1 ’ 、r 2 ’ ......) not in S A If VUE is in the state of preemption, then VUE can report preemption.

[0140] SCI signaling related to PUE resource reservation

[0141] In other aspects, resource reservation for a PUE may be related to SCI signaling. For example, when a VUE needs to distinguish which resources are reserved by the PUE and which resources are reserved by the VUE, the VUE needs an indication of the UE's resource allocation type. In some aspects, the UE's resource allocation type may be implicitly indicated to always use the highest QoS level for data transmitted by the PUE. In other aspects, the PUE's resource allocation type may be indicated by a single bit in SCI level 1 (e.g., SCI format 1-A) to indicate that the resource reservation is from the PUE. In other words, the PUE's resource reservation information may be included in the SCI. Furthermore, in another embodiment, multiple bits in the SCI may be used to indicate that resource reservations are from PUEs with different levels.

[0142] In addition, the resource allocation type of the UE can be indicated based on different schemes used by the PUE to obtain the resources. For example, in some embodiments, the PUE can obtain resources based on random selection, partial sensing, additional short full sensing, or inter-UE coordination. In other aspects, the resource allocation type of the UE can be indicated based on whether the PUE is able to perform a re-evaluation or pre-emption check. In other aspects, the resource allocation type of the UE can be indicated by a combination of obtaining resources based on random selection, partial sensing, additional short full sensing, or inter-UE coordination and whether the PUE is able to perform a re-evaluation or pre-emption check.

[0143] In addition, the resource allocation type of the PUE may be indicated by signaling. For example, SCI level 1 (i.e., SCI format 1-A) may be used to indicate the resource allocation type of the PUE using one or more reserved bits in SCI level 1. In other words, the resource reservation information of the PUE may be at least partially included in the SCI. In some embodiments, a value of 1 may indicate a PUE, and a value of 0 may indicate a VUE. Alternatively, in some embodiments, SCI level 2 (i.e., SCI format 2-A, 2-B, or 2-C) may be used to indicate the resource allocation type of the UE.

[0144] Resource Allocation for PUE with Partial Sensing

[0145] In some embodiments, the PUE may allocate resources when performing partial sensing operations. Figure 6 and Figure 7 When performing the resource selection procedure for identifying candidate resources as shown in , additional steps may be implemented during steps 610 and 710. For example, if the PUE receives an SCI from a VUE that reserves a candidate resource and the RSRP measurement result is above the RSRP threshold, the PUE may select from the SCI. A The candidate resources are excluded, the priority of the PUE's data is assumed to be the highest priority and the RSRP threshold is determined based on the highest priority of the PUE's data.

[0146] In addition, in some aspects, the identified candidate resources for the PUE may be less than the identified candidate resources for the VUE. For example, the configured X% candidate resources for the PUE may be less than the configured X% candidate resources for the VUE. In other aspects, the configured X% candidate resources for the PUE may be the same as the configured X% candidate resources for the VUE, except for additional ranking and filtering. In addition, the X% candidate resources can be ranked based on the measured RSRP values. In some embodiments, a smaller RSRP value can correspond to a higher ranking. In addition, the identified candidate resources can be a fixed percentage (e.g., Y%, where Y is less than or equal to X) or a fixed value (e.g., Z) of the higher ranked candidate resources.

[0147] PUE resource allocation

[0148] According to some embodiments, if due to a reservation with another PUE and with data priority prio TX Associated self-reserved resources and data priority RX The reserved resources of other PUEs are conflicting or meet the priority RX <prio TX and prior RX <prio pre The preconfigured priority level prio pre , from the resource collection (r 0 ’ 、r 1 ’ 、r 2 ’ ......) are not in the initial resource set S A If a PUE reports preemption, it may report preemption. For example, if there are not enough resources available to grant a request, preemption may be used to allocate resources to a higher priority transmission. In addition, when preemption is used, an existing transmission may lose the set of resources that have been allocated to it (r 0 ’ 、r 1 ’ 、r 2 ’ ......) to favor requests from higher priority transmissions. In particular, pre-emption and reallocation of resources based on higher priority transmissions is particularly relevant in congested network conditions where resources requested by multiple devices must be distributed in a prioritized manner, resulting in some UEs experiencing enhanced communications while other UEs experiencing degraded communications.

[0149] In other aspects, if the self-reserved resource (r0 ’ 、r 1 ’ 、r 2 ’ ......) is not in the initial resource set S A If the PUE is in the state of being occupied, the PUE may not report the pre-occupancy.

[0150] Other embodiments of the present invention are described in the following paragraphs:

[0151] Some embodiments may be directed to a user equipment (UE) device having at least one antenna, a radio, and a processing element coupled to the radio for performing wireless communications. The UE may perform at least some of the methods described herein.

[0152] Some embodiments relate to a baseband processor having processing circuitry configured to perform at least some or all of the above operations.

[0153] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in any of a variety of forms. For example, some embodiments may be implemented as computer-implemented methods, computer-readable storage media, or computer systems. Other embodiments may be implemented using one or more custom-designed hardware devices such as ASICs. Other embodiments may be implemented using one or more programmable hardware elements such as FPGAs.

[0154] In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be configured such that it stores program instructions and / or data, wherein if the program instructions are executed by a computer system, the computer system is caused to perform a method, such as any one of the method embodiments described herein, or any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or any subset of any method embodiments described herein, or any combination of such subsets.

[0155] In some embodiments, a device (e.g., UE 104) may be configured to include a processor (or a group of processors) and a memory medium, wherein the memory medium stores program instructions, wherein the processor is configured to read and execute the program instructions from the memory medium, wherein the program instructions are executable to implement any of the various method implementations described herein (or any combination of the method implementations described herein, or any subset of any of the method implementations described herein, or any combination of such subsets). The device may be implemented in any of various forms.

[0156] Although the above embodiments have been described in considerable detail, numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to encompass all such variations and modifications.

Claims

1. A method of operating a first user equipment UE, include: determining a resource selection window that identifies a first set of candidate resources; In response to receiving sidelink control information SCI from a second UE that reserves one or more first candidate resources, removing the one or more first candidate resources from the first set of candidate resources, wherein the second UE is a pedestrian UE, wherein the removing produces a second set of candidate resources, and wherein the second set is based on the first set of candidate resources and is also based at least in part on the removing of the one or more first candidate resources; When removing the one or more first candidate resources from the first set of candidate resources, performing RSRP measurement on the one or more first candidate resources using a reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold; determining whether the number of candidate resources in the second set is less than a percentage of candidate resources in the first set; as part of at least one iteration and in response to determining that the number of candidate resources of the second set is less than the percentage of candidate resources of the first set, increasing the RSRP threshold, wherein as part of the at least one iteration and until a maximum value is reached, the RSRP threshold is increased by a larger value when the first UE is a vehicular UE and by a smaller value when the first UE is a pedestrian UE; as well as Communicate with a third UE using the candidate resources in the second set.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: include: The RSRP threshold is determined based at least in part on a highest priority of data for the second UE.

3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: include: The one or more first candidate resources are removed from the first set of candidate resources regardless of any reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement result.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: include: Determining that the second UE is a pedestrian UE based on the sidelink control information SCI; The sidelink control information SCI includes at least one bit having a value indicating the pedestrian UE.

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: include: Based at least in part on determining that at least one candidate resource in the first set of candidate resources is not in the second set of candidate resources, the first set of candidate resources is re-evaluated.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: include: If any self-reserved resource is not in the second set of candidate resources due to conflict with a reservation of a pedestrian UE of higher data priority, then pre-emption is reported.

7. The method according to claim 1, The resource reservation information of the pedestrian UE is at least partially included in the side link control information SCI.

8. The method according to claim 1, The configuration percentage of the candidate resources for the pedestrian UE is less than or equal to the configuration percentage of the candidate resources for the vehicle UE.

9. The method according to claim 1, The configuration percentages of candidate resources for the pedestrian UE are ranked at least in part based on measured reference signal received power (RSRP) values.

10. The method according to claim 9, A smaller RSRP value corresponds to a higher ranking.

11. An electronic device, include: At least one processor, the at least one processor being configured to cause a first user equipment UE to perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The electronic device according to claim 11, further comprising: include: A radio is operably coupled to the at least one processor.

13. The electronic device according to claim 11, further comprising: include: One or more antennas.

14. The electronic device of claim 11, wherein the at least one processor is a baseband processor.

15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing program instructions, the program instructions being executable by one or more baseband processors of a first user equipment UE to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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