A dissimilar metal layered continuous composite material and a method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application is a kind of dissimilar metal layered continuous composite material and its preparation method. It includes the following steps: (1) preparing two or more metal thin strips; (2) winding two or more dissimilar metal thin strips around the mandrel to form a tubular sample blank of ring-on-ring composite layer; (3) using the mandrel and the ring to constrain the inner wall and the outer wall cylinder of the tubular sample blank respectively, and using the pressure ring to apply axial load to the two annular end faces of the blank, so that 1GPa-30GPa hydrostatic pressure is generated inside the round tubular combined blank, at the same time, at least one of the mandrel and the ring is given a driving torque to rotate relatively until the deformation reaches 30-50%, so that the tubular sample is subjected to circumferential shear deformation to form a multi-layer metal composite pipe. The application can effectively inhibit the occurrence of layer instability during the cumulative deformation of the composite material and improve the stability of the dissimilar metal layered composite material.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of material processing, and particularly relates to a dissimilar metal layered continuous composite material and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] A composite material is a multi-phase material prepared by two or more than two materials such as metal materials, ceramic materials or polymer materials through a composite process. The interface between the several materials constituting the composite material can still be distinguished. The multiple materials complement each other in performance and produce a synergistic effect, so that the comprehensive performance of the composite material is often better than that of the original constituent materials and meets various different requirements. Moreover, whether the composite material can obtain excellent comprehensive performance depends on the structure, quantity and properties of the composite material interface (phase boundary) to a great extent, in addition to the performance of each component constituting the composite material. The interface inside the layered metal composite material significantly affects its physical and mechanical properties, thereby greatly determining the use performance and service performance of the material. However, it is often difficult to prepare a layered metal composite material with good interface bonding.

[0003] The methods for preparing layered composites include plastic deformation, powder metallurgy, freeze casting, explosive forming, reaction sintering, and vapor deposition, etc. Among them, the plastic deformation method is a common method for preparing layered composites by using the excellent plastic deformation ability of metal materials, stacking metal / alloy sheets with different compositions, and then using cold / hot processing method to process the metal sheets. The rolling process is usually used in the processing method, and the sheet can be heat treated after rolling. This kind of process is mainly based on the accumulative roll bonding (ARB) technology and multi-layer sheet rolling technology [Mashhadi A, Atrian A, Ghalandri L. Mechanical and microstructural investigation of Zn / Sn multilayered composites fabricated by accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process [J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2017, 727: 1314-1323.]. The Chinese patent document with the publication date of April 22, 2015 and the publication number of CN102529217B discloses a method for preparing molybdenum fiber copper / molybdenum composite sheet by accumulative roll bonding. The method includes pretreatment, rolling, equal division into two blocks, and repeating the above process, which is a typical accumulative roll bonding process. In the process, the molybdenum layer is broken to form fibers, which are pinned in the copper sheet to form a molybdenum fiber copper / molybdenum composite sheet. In fact, the above method reflects the common phenomenon of instability fracture of the layer structure in the process of preparing layered metal composites by using the typical accumulative roll bonding technology.Due to the severe plastic deformation, the harder material in the composite material will be locally deformed, forming necking and even breaking and separating phenomenon [Mozaffari A, Manesh H D, Janghorban K. Evaluation of mechanical properties and structure of multilayered Al / Ni composites produced by accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process [J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2010, 489 (1): 103-109.], and stress concentration is easy to form at the breaking and separating place, leading to the early failure of the material [Wang Y, Yang M, Ma X, Wang M, Yin K, Huang A, Huang C. Improved back stress and synergetic strain hardening in coarse-grain / nanostructure laminates [J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2018, 727: 113-118.]. When the pass increases, the mechanical properties of the gradually strengthened soft phase metal matrix will be close to the mechanical properties of the original hard phase metal, and finally the two phase metals will uniformly deform together. Finally, a composite material with soft phase metal as the matrix and hard phase metal uniformly dispersed will be formed. Because the hard phase metal is uniformly dispersed in the soft phase matrix to form a dispersion strengthening of the second phase particles, the strength of the composite material after cumulative rolling is significantly improved, but the elongation is sharply decreased.

[0004] Although the strength of the heterogeneous metal material after cumulative roll bonding is greatly improved, the plasticity is poor, which is not conducive to the subsequent deep processing and use of the material, and greatly limits the development of the cumulative roll bonding technology. Therefore, how to effectively suppress the delamination of the laminated structure during the preparation of the composite material is the key to obtain metal composite materials with excellent performance. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a preparation method of a layered continuous composite material of dissimilar metals, which can be applied to the composite of two or more metals (including alloys), and the processing material uses metal ultra-thin strips, two or more metal ultra-thin strips are wound around a common axis to form a tubular sample, and a spiral interface with a starting point and an ending point winding several turns on the inner and outer walls of the tube is formed. In the processing process, the continuity of each strip is maintained, and a composite material with a second phase of dispersed distribution is formed without material instability, and the material processing product is a metal composite material with a multi-layer structure.

[0006] The technical solution for achieving the object of the present application is as follows: a preparation method of a layered continuous composite material of dissimilar metals, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step (1): preparing two or more metal thin strips, and performing surface pretreatment;

[0008] Step (2): winding two or more dissimilar metal thin strips around a mandrel to form a tubular sample of a ring composite layer, and the tubular sample has a spiral interface with a starting point and an ending point winding several turns on the inner and outer walls of the tube;

[0009] Step (3): using the mandrel and the ring to constrain the inner wall and the outer wall of the tubular sample, respectively, and using a pressure ring to apply an axial load to the two annular end faces of the sample, so that a hydrostatic pressure of 1GPa-30GPa is generated in the circular tubular combined sample, and at least one of the mandrel and the ring is driven to rotate until the deformation reaches 30-50%, so that the tubular sample is subjected to circumferential shear deformation, and the interface between the different metals in the sample is subjected to metallurgical bonding; the interface of the multi-layer metal composite pipe formed is ultimately a spiral interface with a starting point and an ending point on the inner and outer walls of the tube and winding several turns in the tube wall.

[0010] Further, the thickness of the metal thin strip prepared in step (1) is less than 1mm.

[0011] Further, the two or more metal thin strips are alloys or metals with different strengths and plasticities.

[0012] Further, when the metal thin strip prepared in step (1) is a magnesium alloy or an aluminum alloy, annealing is performed before surface pretreatment, and the annealing temperature is 30-100℃ higher than the recrystallization temperature of the alloy of the metal thin strip.

[0013] Further, the surface pretreatment in step (1) is: sandpaper polishing and alcohol cleaning of each surface, and then electrolytic polishing to remove surface contaminants and oxides.

[0014] Further, the inner radius of the tubular sample blank in step (2) is 20±2mm, the thickness of the tubular sample blank is 2-6mm, and the height of the tubular sample blank is 20-40mm.

[0015] Further, the rotating speed of the relative rotation in step (3) is 0.1r / min-0.3r / min.

[0016] A heterogeneous metal layered continuous composite material is prepared by the method.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0018] (1) The processing procedure is simple, and the production efficiency is high. In the process of preparing the multilayer structure, instead of adding layers one by one according to the required number of layers, the sample is subjected to axial pressure, and at least one of the mandrel and the sleeve ring is subjected to driving torque to make it generate circumferential shear deformation, and the metal thin strip is elongated along the circumference, and the interface is continuously proliferated, and the metallurgical combination between different metals is generated at more positions to form more interfaces; after the sample is subjected to certain surface treatment before processing, the sample surface does not need to be treated during processing, and in this continuous process, the sample is completely prevented from contacting the external environment, the probability of interface pollution is reduced, and under the combined action of high pressure and severe plastic deformation, a multilayer structure with complete metallurgical combination can be obtained; in the processing method such as accumulative roll bonding, the interface is exposed to air or environment before each cycle, and the probability of oxidation and pollution is increased.

[0019] (2) The processing object is two metal thin strips, and the two or more metal thin strips are wound around the mandrel to form a tubular sample with a sleeve ring composite layer, and a spiral interface with a starting point and an ending point winding several turns on the inner and outer walls of the tube is formed; during processing, the two metal thin strips are welded into one by circumferential high-pressure shear deformation, and the continuity of the two metal thin strips is maintained, and the necking and fracture of the hard phase metal layer caused by uneven deformation of the structure in the accumulative roll bonding process are avoided, and the fracture of the hard phase metal layer caused by instability is avoided, and a composite material with the second phase being dispersedly distributed is formed, and the plasticity is reduced; by this method, a multilayer composite material with high strength and toughness can be prepared. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of two metal thin strips to be processed in the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of two metal thin strips wound around a common axis to form a tubular sample, and a spiral interface with a starting point and an ending point winding several turns on the inner and outer walls of the tube is formed; wherein (a) is a top view, and (b) is a sectional view.

[0022] Figure 3A schematic view of the circumferential high-pressure shear deformation processing of the present application.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0024] 1 - ring, 2 - blank, 3 - pressure ring, 4 - mandrel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] A preparation method of a heterogeneous metal layered continuous composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0027] 1) Preparation of metal thin strips: Lead and tin thin strips with the same width are prepared, and the thickness is 0.8 mm and the width is 30 mm. The lead and tin thin strips are subjected to surface treatment, and the surface treatment is as follows: sandpaper polishing, alcohol cleaning, and then electrolytic polishing to remove surface contaminants and oxides.

[0028] 2) The lead and tin thin strips are wound around the mandrel to form a tubular sample of a ring composite layer, and the tubular sample has a spiral interface with a starting point and an ending point winding several turns on the inner and outer walls of the tube. The inner radius of the tubular sample is 20 mm, the outer radius is 21.5 mm, and the width is 30 mm.

[0029] 3) The mandrel 4 and the ring 1 are used to constrain the inner wall and the outer wall of the above-mentioned circular tubular combined blank 2 respectively, and the pressure ring 3 is used to apply an axial load of 260 KN to the two annular end faces of the circular tubular combined blank 2, so that a hydrostatic pressure of 30 GPa is generated inside the circular tubular combined blank, and at least one of the mandrel 4 and the ring 1 is applied with a driving torque to rotate relatively, and the rotating speed is 0.2 r / min, until the thickness of the blank is 1 mm, so that the tubular sample is subjected to circumferential shear deformation, and the interface between different metals in the sample is subjected to metallurgical bonding; the interface of the multi-layer metal composite pipe formed is still a spiral interface with a starting point and an ending point on the inner and outer walls of the tube and winding several turns in the tube wall.

[0030] The composite material prepared by the above method is metallurgically bonded between layers, and the metal layers remain continuous and unbroken.

Claims

1. A method for producing a dissimilar metal layered continuous composite material, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Step (1): preparing two or more metal strips, and pre-treating the surfaces of the strips; Step (2): winding the two or more metal strips around a mandrel to form a tubular sample blank with a ring-shaped interface, wherein the interface has a start point and an end point and is wound several turns on the inner or outer wall of the tube; Step (3): using the mandrel and the ring to constrain the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces of the tubular sample blank, respectively, and using a pressure ring to apply axial load to the two annular end faces of the blank to generate a hydrostatic pressure of 1-30 GPa inside the tubular sample blank, and at the same time, applying a driving torque to at least one of the mandrel and the ring to cause relative rotation until the deformation reaches 30-50%, so that the tubular sample is subjected to circumferential shear deformation, and the interface between the different metals in the sample is subjected to metallurgical bonding; the interface of the multi-layer metal composite tube formed is ultimately a spiral interface with a start point and an end point on the inner and outer walls of the tube and wound several turns on the tube wall; The thickness of the metal strips prepared in step (1) is less than 1 mm; The inner radius of the tubular sample blank in step (2) is 20±2 mm, the thickness of the tubular sample blank is 2-6 mm, and the height of the tubular sample blank is 20-40 mm; The rotation speed of the relative rotation in step (3) is 0.1-0.3 r / min.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The two or more metal strips are alloys or metals with different strengths and plasticities.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, When the metal strips prepared in step (1) are magnesium alloys or aluminum alloys, annealing is performed before the surface pre-treatment, and the annealing temperature is 30-100°C higher than the recrystallization temperature of the alloy of the metal strips.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The surface pre-treatment in step (1) comprises sandpaper polishing and alcohol cleaning of each surface, and electrolytic polishing to remove surface contaminants and oxides.

5. A dissimilar metal layered continuous composite material, characterized by, The method is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-4.

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