Rail fastener detection device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rail fastener detection device and method, the device comprising: a control module, a transmitting module, a receiving module and a laser evaluation instrument; the control module is used to generate a corresponding excitation digital signal when a train runs on a rail to be tested and receives a fastener detection instruction; the transmitting module is used to convert the excitation digital signal into a detection signal, and transmit the detection signal to different positions of the rail to be tested; the receiving module is used to receive a frequency feedback signal and convert it into an excitation feedback signal; the control module is also used to convert and calculate the excitation feedback signal to obtain the vibration frequency of the rail, draw a rail frequency position diagram according to the corresponding position information and the vibration frequency of the rail, analyze all the fasteners of the rail to be tested based on the rail frequency position diagram, and obtain the fastener detection result. The present invention adopts a rail fastener detection device to detect the vibration frequency of the rail, and draws a rail frequency position diagram to analyze the rail fasteners, so as to realize fast and efficient detection of the rail fasteners.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of railway transportation technology, and in particular to a rail fastener detection device and method. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, my country's high-speed railway has ushered in rapid development. As of August 2020, the total mileage of China's high-speed railway has reached 36,000 kilometers, ranking first in the world. High-speed railways are spread all over China. People can easily cross cities and provinces through high-speed railways. In the city, there are also urban transportation tools such as subways and light rails. They are the main forms of railway transportation in China. With the increase of railways, railway safety will become an issue that cannot be ignored.

[0003] The rails are seamless rails, and the seamless rails are locked by fasteners to solve the problem of thermal expansion and contraction of seamless rails. Therefore, the fastener system is an important measure that affects the smooth operation of trains. In railway safety, the loosening of fasteners will bring huge safety hazards. The rails will vibrate due to the running of the train, which will cause the fasteners in the rails to loosen. At this time, the rail fasteners need to be manually inspected. The large number of screws on the rails will increase the workload of the inspection. At the same time, manual inspection of the railway itself is also dangerous. In recent years, there have been many accidents in my country where railway workers have died while inspecting the railway. The current method for detecting loose fasteners is to apply marking lines and observe with the naked eye. For the large number of fasteners in the railway, this method is inefficient and costly. Therefore, how to perform simple and efficient fastener loosening detection on the rails has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a rail fastener detection device and method to solve the technical problem of being unable to efficiently and quickly detect loose rail fasteners.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a rail fastener detection device, the rail fastener detection device comprises: a control module, a transmitting module, a receiving module and a laser evaluation instrument;

[0006] Wherein, the control module is connected to the transmitting module and the receiving module respectively, and the laser evaluation instrument is connected to the transmitting module and the receiving module respectively;

[0007] The control module is used to generate a corresponding excitation digital signal when the train runs on the rail to be tested and receives a fastener detection instruction, and output the excitation digital signal to the transmitting module;

[0008] The transmitting module is used to convert the excitation digital signal into a sinusoidal excitation signal, and use the sinusoidal excitation signal to drive the laser evaluation instrument to send a detection signal to the rail to be tested, so that corresponding frequency feedback signals are generated at different positions of the rail to be tested;

[0009] The laser evaluation instrument is used to receive the frequency feedback signal, and convert the frequency feedback signal into a voltage signal and then output it to the receiving module;

[0010] The receiving module is used to receive the voltage signal and convert the voltage signal into an excitation feedback signal, and output the excitation feedback signal to the control module;

[0011] The control module is also used to convert and calculate the excitation feedback signal, obtain the rail vibration frequency, obtain the corresponding position information of the rail vibration frequency, and draw a rail frequency position diagram based on the corresponding position information and the rail vibration frequency, and analyze all fasteners of the rail to be tested based on the rail frequency position diagram to obtain the fastener detection results.

[0012] Optionally, the control module includes: a single chip microcomputer and a field programmable gate array;

[0013] Wherein, the field programmable gate array is connected to the single chip computer, the transmitting module and the receiving module respectively;

[0014] The single chip microcomputer is used to send a corresponding drive signal to the field programmable gate array when the train runs on the rail to be tested and receives a fastener detection instruction;

[0015] The field programmable gate array is used to generate a corresponding excitation digital signal according to the driving signal, and send the excitation digital signal to the transmitting module;

[0016] The field programmable gate array is further used to cache the excitation feedback signal output by the receiving module;

[0017] The single chip microcomputer is also used to convert and calculate the excitation feedback signal to obtain the rail vibration frequency, obtain the corresponding position information of the rail vibration frequency, and draw a rail frequency position diagram based on the corresponding position information and the rail vibration frequency, and analyze all fasteners of the rail to be tested based on the rail frequency position diagram to obtain the fastener detection results.

[0018] Optionally, the fastener detection result is;

[0019] When the difference between the rail vibration frequency and the rail natural frequency is greater than a preset threshold, the fastener detection result is that the fastener at the position corresponding to the rail vibration frequency is abnormal;

[0020] When the difference between the current frequency and the natural frequency of the rail is less than the preset threshold, the fastener detection result is that the fastener at the position corresponding to the rail vibration frequency is normal;

[0021] The natural frequency of the rail is the average vibration frequency of the entire rail to be tested.

[0022] Optionally, the control module further includes: a GPS positioning unit;

[0023] Wherein, the GPS positioning unit is connected to the single chip microcomputer;

[0024] The GPS positioning unit is used to upload the position information of the rail fastener detection device to the single chip microcomputer in real time.

[0025] Optionally, the transmitting module includes: a first digital-to-analog conversion circuit, a first differential circuit, a first low-pass filter circuit and a power amplifier circuit;

[0026] Wherein, one end of the first digital-to-analog conversion circuit is connected to the field programmable gate array, the other end of the first digital-to-analog conversion circuit is connected to one end of the first differential circuit, the other end of the differential circuit is connected to one end of the first low-pass filter circuit, the other end of the first low-pass filter circuit is connected to one end of the power amplifier circuit, and the other end of the power amplifier circuit is connected to the input end of the laser evaluation instrument;

[0027] The first digital-to-analog conversion circuit is used to convert the excitation digital signal into an excitation analog signal, and send the excitation analog signal to the first differential circuit;

[0028] The first differential circuit is used to convert the excitation analog signal into a single output signal, and output the single output signal to the first low-pass filter circuit;

[0029] The first low-pass filter circuit is used to filter the single output signal to obtain a sinusoidal excitation signal, and output the sinusoidal excitation signal to the power amplifier circuit;

[0030] The power amplifier circuit is used to drive the laser evaluation instrument to send a detection signal to the rail to be tested according to the sinusoidal excitation signal.

[0031] Optionally, the receiving module includes: a second low-pass filtering circuit, a second differential circuit and a second digital-to-analog conversion circuit;

[0032] Wherein, one end of the second digital-to-analog conversion circuit is connected to the field programmable gate array, the other end of the second digital-to-analog conversion circuit is connected to one end of the second differential circuit, the other end of the second differential circuit is connected to one end of the second low-pass filter circuit, and the other end of the second low-pass filter circuit is connected to the output end of the laser evaluation instrument;

[0033] The second low-pass filter circuit is used to filter out high-frequency interference signals in the voltage signal, obtain a single-channel differential signal, and output the single-channel differential signal to the second differential circuit;

[0034] The second differential circuit is used to convert the single-channel differential signal into a dual-channel differential signal and output the dual-channel differential signal to the second digital-to-analog conversion circuit;

[0035] The second digital-to-analog conversion circuit is used to convert the dual-path differential signal into an excitation feedback signal and output it to the field programmable gate array.

[0036] Optionally, the rail fastener detection device further includes: a touch screen;

[0037] Wherein, the touch screen is connected to the control module;

[0038] The touch screen is used to transmit the fastener detection instruction input by the user to the control module;

[0039] The touch screen is also used to receive the rail fastener detection result uploaded by the control module, and display the rail fastener detection result to the user through the display panel of the touch screen.

[0040] Optionally, the rail fastener detection device further includes: an alarm;

[0041] Wherein, the alarm is connected to the control module;

[0042] The control module is further used to send an alarm signal to the alarm device when the fastener detection result shows that the fastener is abnormal;

[0043] The alarm is used to warn the user when receiving an alarm signal.

[0044] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a rail fastener detection method, which is applicable to the rail fastener detection device described in any one of the possible implementations above, and the rail fastener detection method comprises:

[0045] Obtain fastener detection instructions and generate corresponding excitation digital signals;

[0046] Convert the excitation digital signal into a detection signal based on a transmitting module, and transmit the detection signal to different positions of the rail to be tested, so that corresponding frequency feedback signals are generated at different positions of the rail to be tested;

[0047] Using a receiving module to receive the frequency feedback signal and convert the frequency feedback signal into an excitation feedback signal;

[0048] The excitation feedback signal is converted and calculated to obtain the rail vibration frequency, the corresponding position information of the rail vibration frequency is obtained, a rail frequency position diagram is drawn according to the corresponding position information and the rail vibration frequency, all fasteners of the rail to be tested are analyzed based on the rail frequency position diagram to obtain the fastener detection result.

[0049] Optionally, the step of obtaining a fastener detection instruction and generating a corresponding excitation digital signal includes:

[0050] Receiving a fastener detection instruction input by a user;

[0051] generating a corresponding frequency control signal according to the fastener detection instruction;

[0052] A corresponding excitation digital signal is formed according to the frequency control signal by adopting a direct digital frequency synthesis method.

[0053] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned embodiment is as follows: the rail fastener detection device provided by the present invention receives the fastener detection instruction and generates a corresponding excitation digital signal through the control module, and then uses the transmitting module to convert the excitation digital signal into a detection signal, and transmits the detection signal to the rail where the train is running so that the rail generates a frequency feedback signal, and then receives the frequency feedback signal through the receiving module for conversion to obtain an excitation feedback signal, the control module obtains the rail vibration frequency by converting and calculating the excitation feedback signal, and draws a rail frequency position diagram according to the rail vibration frequency and its corresponding position, and analyzes all the fasteners of the rail to be tested based on the rail frequency position diagram to obtain the fastener detection results, thereby realizing fast and efficient detection of the rail fasteners. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0055] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a rail fastener detection device provided by the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 A detection schematic diagram of a rail fastener detection device provided by the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 The DDS standard architecture diagram provided by the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first differential circuit provided by the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an embodiment of a rail fastener detection method provided by the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of step S410 in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] It should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flow chart used in the present invention shows the operations implemented according to some embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the operations of the flow chart can be implemented out of order, and the steps without logical context can be reversed or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art can add one or more other operations to the flow chart under the guidance of the content of the present invention, and can also remove one or more operations from the flow chart.

[0063] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0064] The embodiments of the present invention provide a rail fastener detection device and method, which are described below respectively.

[0065] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a rail fastener detection device provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the rail fastener detection device includes a control module 110, a transmitting module 120, a receiving module 130 and a laser evaluation instrument 140;

[0066] The control module 110 is used to generate a corresponding excitation digital signal when receiving a train running on the rail to be tested and receiving a fastener detection instruction, and output the excitation digital signal to the transmitting module 120;

[0067] The transmitting module 120 is used to convert the excitation digital signal into a sinusoidal excitation signal, and use the sinusoidal excitation signal to drive the laser evaluation instrument to send a detection signal to the rail to be tested, so that corresponding frequency feedback signals are generated at different positions of the rail to be tested;

[0068] The laser evaluation instrument 140 is used to receive the frequency feedback signal, convert the frequency feedback signal into a voltage signal and output it to the receiving module 130;

[0069] The receiving module 130 is used to receive the voltage signal and convert the voltage signal into an excitation feedback signal, and output the excitation feedback signal to the control module 110;

[0070] The control module 110 is also used to convert and calculate the excitation feedback signal, obtain the rail vibration frequency, obtain the corresponding position information of the rail vibration frequency, and draw a rail frequency position diagram according to the corresponding position information and the rail vibration frequency, analyze all fasteners of the rail to be tested based on the rail frequency position diagram, and obtain the fastener detection results.

[0071] Compared with the prior art, the rail fastener detection device provided in the embodiment of the present invention receives fastener detection instructions and generates corresponding excitation digital signals through a control module, and then uses a transmitting module to convert the excitation digital signal into a detection signal, and transmits the detection signal to the rail where a train is running so that the rail generates a frequency feedback signal, and then receives the frequency feedback signal through a receiving module for conversion to obtain an excitation feedback signal. The control module obtains the rail vibration frequency by converting and calculating the excitation feedback signal, and draws a rail frequency position diagram according to the rail vibration frequency and its corresponding position. Based on the rail frequency position diagram, all fasteners of the rail to be tested are analyzed to obtain fastener detection results, thereby realizing fast and efficient detection of rail fasteners.

[0072] It should be noted that the distance between the roadbed and the fasteners of the rails adopts the national standard distance. The rails are rigidly constructed and their frequency is basically fixed. The oscillation frequency generated by the wheel-rail excitation of the rails when the train is running is fixed. Therefore, the state of the rail fastener system can be identified by detecting the oscillation frequency of the rails when the train is running. In an embodiment of the present invention, the rail fastener detection device can be installed on the train to detect the vibration frequency of the rails when the train is running, and then the state of the rail fastener system can be obtained through the vibration frequency. No manual operation is required, which is convenient and fast. The specific installation position of the rail fastener detection device can be referred to. Figure 2 .

[0073] It should be noted that: in order to facilitate the user to detect the loose fasteners of the rails, the rail excitation frequency and excitation form can be set in advance in the control module 110. After the user issues a fastener detection instruction by pressing a button, touching, etc., the signal (excitation digital signal) required for controlling the detection signal can be generated according to the preset frequency and form. At the same time, the user can also modify or set the frequency and form according to actual needs through a computer, keyboard, etc.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present invention, the control module 110 includes but is not limited to a single chip microcomputer 111 and a field programmable gate array 112 .

[0075] The single chip computer 111 is used to send a corresponding driving signal to the field programmable gate array 112 when the train runs on the rail to be tested and receives a fastener detection instruction;

[0076] The field programmable gate array 112 is used to generate a corresponding excitation digital signal according to the driving signal, and send the excitation digital signal to the transmitting module 120;

[0077] The field programmable gate array 112 is also used to cache the excitation feedback signal output by the receiving module 130;

[0078] The single chip computer 111 is also used to convert and calculate the excitation feedback signal to obtain the rail vibration frequency, obtain the corresponding position information of the rail vibration frequency, and draw a rail frequency position diagram according to the corresponding position information and the rail vibration frequency, and analyze all the fasteners of the rail to be tested based on the rail frequency position diagram to obtain the fastener detection results.

[0079] It is understandable that in some embodiments of the present invention, a rail vibration frequency corresponds to a time, and the position corresponding to the rail vibration frequency is obtained through the time, and the rail frequency position diagram can be drawn with the position as the horizontal coordinate and the vibration frequency as the vertical coordinate; the average vibration frequency of the entire rail to be tested is calculated based on all the detected rail vibration frequencies, and the average vibration frequency is used as the rail natural frequency. When the difference between the rail vibration frequency and the rail natural frequency is greater than a preset threshold, it indicates that the fastener at the position corresponding to the rail vibration frequency is abnormal and may be loose; when the difference between the rail vibration frequency and the rail natural frequency is less than the preset threshold, it indicates that the fastener at the position corresponding to the rail vibration frequency is normal. At the same time, it is also possible to directly find rails with frequencies that are significantly different from other positions from the rail frequency position diagram by naked eyes, which indicates that there are loose fasteners at this position.

[0080] In order to determine the position corresponding to the vibration frequency of the rail, in an embodiment of the present invention, the control module 110 also includes: a GPS positioning unit 113; by using the GPS positioning unit 113 to upload the position information of the rail fastener detection device to the single-chip microcomputer in real time, the corresponding position of the rail detected at each time point can be determined.

[0081] The driving signal includes various information such as frequency control word, enable, interval, etc., the excitation digital signal is a discrete digital waveform amplitude signal, and the excitation feedback signal is waveform data.

[0082] Specifically, the single-chip computer 111 can receive the fastener detection instruction issued by the user, and send the corresponding frequency control word, enable signal, interval signal, etc. to the field-programmable gate array 112 (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) through the GPIO (General-purpose input / output) port according to the instruction. The field-programmable gate array 112 generates the digital excitation signal required to excite the rail through the internal waveform output unit, and transmits the digital excitation signal to the transmitting module 120.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present invention, the field programmable gate array 112 includes, but is not limited to, a phase accumulator and a waveform memory.

[0084] It should be understood that the technology used by the field programmable gate array 112 to generate the digital excitation signal in the embodiment of the present invention is the DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer) technology, which is based on the sampling theorem and generates a sine waveform through a table lookup method; Figure 3 As shown, the clock frequency is the reference frequency, the input frequency control word and the phase accumulator can determine the size of the output frequency, and the data stored in the waveform memory is the binary digital sine amplitude corresponding to each phase of the excitation waveform. The phase accumulator is the core of DDS technology. The phase accumulator is updated once in each clock cycle. The value accumulated each time is used as the address of the waveform memory ROM. Each address in the waveform memory ROM corresponds to a phase point of the sine wave from 0° to 360°. By extracting the phase point corresponding to the address, the waveform memory can output a discrete digital waveform amplitude signal.

[0085] Since there is no digital-to-analog converter and filter in the field programmable gate array 112, it is impossible to convert the discrete digital waveform amplitude output by the waveform memory into a sine wave signal with pure spectrum. In some embodiments of the present invention, for example Figure 1As shown, the transmitting module 120 includes a first digital-to-analog conversion circuit 121, a first differential circuit 122, a first low-pass filter circuit 123 and a power amplifier circuit 124;

[0086] A first digital-to-analog conversion circuit 121, configured to convert an excitation digital signal into an excitation analog signal, and send the excitation analog signal to a first differential circuit;

[0087] A first differential circuit 122, used for converting the excitation analog signal into a single output signal, and outputting the single output signal to a first low-pass filter circuit;

[0088] A first low-pass filter circuit 123 is used to filter the single output signal to obtain a sinusoidal excitation signal, and output the sinusoidal excitation signal to the power amplifier circuit;

[0089] The power amplifier circuit 124 is used to drive the laser evaluation instrument 140 to send a detection signal to the rail to be tested according to the sinusoidal excitation signal.

[0090] Specifically, the digital-to-analog conversion circuit 121 can convert the discrete digital waveform amplitude output by the waveform memory in the field programmable gate array 112 into a step-type analog signal; the digital-to-analog conversion circuit can be composed of a DAC (Digital to analog converter) device and peripheral electronic components, wherein the DAC device is the core device of the first digital-to-analog conversion circuit, and selecting a suitable DAC device plays a vital role in reducing amplitude quantization error, improving waveform roundness, and improving spuriousness; the selection of the DAC device is mainly based on resolution, conversion rate, and conversion noise. In the embodiment of the present invention, the resolution of the DAC device is determined by the bit width of the waveform memory in the field programmable gate array 112. In some embodiments of the present invention, considering the storage resources and economy of the field programmable gate array, the bit width of the waveform memory is positioned at 12 bits, so a DAC device with a 12-bit resolution is selected, and a high-speed digital-to-analog converter DAC902 is used in combination with factors such as signal output frequency, operating voltage, temperature, clock, time, and load.

[0091] It should be understood that the DAC902 digital-to-analog converter adopts a dual-current output mode, that is, the excitation analog signal output by the first digital-to-analog conversion circuit 121 is a dual-output current signal, and the power amplifier circuit 124 and the laser evaluation instrument 140 only need to input a single-ended voltage signal. Therefore, the first differential circuit 122 is required to convert the dual-output current signal into a single-output voltage signal. Figure 4As shown, the first differential circuit 122 can be implemented by an operational amplifier, six resistors and two capacitors. The operational amplifier used in some embodiments of the present invention is an OPA690 high-speed operational amplifier, which has the characteristics of high conversion rate, high output current, low power supply current and wide flat band.

[0092] In order to convert the single output signal output by the first differential circuit 122 into a sine wave signal with a pure spectrum, a first low-pass filter circuit 13 is required to filter out clutter signals. In some embodiments of the present invention, an LPF (Low Pass Filter) is usually used for filtering.

[0093] The above-mentioned sine wave signal with pure spectrum obtains enough power after passing through the power amplifier circuit 124 to drive the laser evaluation instrument 140 to work and emit a detection signal to the rail to be tested. The detection signal is a laser signal, which irradiates the track when the train passes through.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the receiving module 130 includes but is not limited to a second low-pass filter circuit 133, a second differential circuit 132 and a second digital-to-analog conversion circuit 131;

[0095] The second low-pass filter circuit 133 is used to filter out high-frequency interference signals in the voltage signal, obtain a single-channel differential signal, and output the single-channel differential signal to the second differential circuit 132;

[0096] The second differential circuit 132 is used to convert the single-channel differential signal into a dual-channel differential signal and output the dual-channel differential signal to the second digital-to-analog conversion circuit 131;

[0097] The second digital-to-analog conversion circuit 131 is used to convert the dual-path differential signal into an excitation feedback signal and output the signal to the field programmable gate array 112 .

[0098] The second low-pass filter circuit 133 in the embodiment of the present invention can be composed of a MAX264 digital filter and peripheral electronic components, and is used to filter out high-frequency impurity signals in the voltage signal output by the laser evaluation instrument 140; since the second digital-to-analog conversion circuit 131 needs to input a dual-channel differential voltage signal, and the voltage signal output by the laser evaluation instrument 140 is a single-channel voltage signal, a second differential circuit 132 is required to convert the filtered single-channel voltage signal into a dual-channel voltage signal. The above-mentioned dual-channel differential signal is the dual-channel voltage signal obtained after filtering and conversion. The dual-channel voltage signal is an analog signal, so the second digital-to-analog conversion circuit 131 is also required to convert the dual-channel voltage analog signal into a digital quantity signal that can be received by the field programmable gate array 112, and the converted digital quantity signal is the excitation feedback signal.

[0099] In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned excitation feedback signal can be cached in the FIFO (First Input First Output) waveform cache unit of the FPGA, and the single-chip computer 111 can retrieve the data of the waveform cache unit, and perform FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation) processing on part of the data according to a preset program to obtain the rail vibration spectrum, and then the rail vibration frequency can be obtained by calculation, and the corresponding position information is obtained according to the time corresponding to the rail vibration frequency. The interface draws a rail frequency position diagram. The rail frequency position diagram has a frequency that is obviously different from other positions, which is the rail position where the fastener is loose.

[0100] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the rail fastener detection device provided by the present invention includes but is not limited to a touch screen 101;

[0101] The touch screen 101 is used to transmit the fastener detection instruction input by the user to the control module 110;

[0102] The touch screen 101 is also used to receive the rail fastener detection results uploaded by the control module 110 , and display the rail fastener detection results to the user through the display panel of the touch screen 101 .

[0103] Among them, the touch screen 101 in the embodiment of the present invention can be an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) touch screen 101. The user can set the mechanism frequency and excitation form through the LCD touch screen 101 to detect loose rail fasteners, and can also set the corresponding excitation frequency and excitation form according to other vibration detection requirements, such as doors and windows, bridges, and road surfaces. The embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.

[0104] In the embodiment of the present invention, the rail fastener detection result includes a spectrum diagram of the rail vibration signal and whether the rail fastener in the area is abnormal. The spectrum diagram and whether the fastener is abnormal or normal can be displayed through the LCD touch screen 101.

[0105] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the rail fastener detection device provided by the present invention includes but is not limited to an alarm 102;

[0106] The control module 110 is also used to send an alarm signal to the alarm device 102 when the rail fastener detection result shows that the fastener is abnormal;

[0107] The alarm 102 is used to warn the user when receiving an alarm signal.

[0108] Specifically, the single chip computer 111 adopts a fastener loosening judgment algorithm to compare the difference between the collected rail vibration frequency and the rail natural frequency. If the difference is too large, it means that the rail fasteners in the area are loose. At this time, an alarm signal will be sent to the alarm 102, and the alarm 102 will warn the user; the alarm 102 can be a buzzer alarm or a light alarm, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. The rail natural frequency can be the average value of the rail vibration frequency detected before, or it can be obtained by detecting the vibration frequency of the rail with intact fasteners.

[0109] The embodiment of the present invention uses a laser evaluation instrument to transmit a detection signal to the rail when a train runs on the rail, collects a frequency feedback signal through the laser evaluation instrument, and uses a receiving module and a control module to convert and calculate the vibration signal to obtain the rail vibration frequency of the rail to be tested, obtain the corresponding position information of the rail vibration frequency, and draw a rail frequency position diagram according to the corresponding position information and the rail vibration frequency. Based on the rail frequency position diagram, all fasteners of the rail to be tested are analyzed, and then the looseness of the fasteners of the rail to be tested is obtained, thereby realizing quick and efficient detection of rail fasteners.

[0110] On the other hand, based on the rail fastener detection device, correspondingly, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a rail fastener detection method, which is applicable to the rail fastener detection device described in any of the above embodiments; Figure 5 As shown, the rail fastener detection method includes:

[0111] S410, obtaining a fastener detection instruction and generating a corresponding excitation digital signal;

[0112] S420, converting the excitation digital signal into a detection signal based on the transmitting module, and transmitting the detection signal to different positions of the rail to be tested, so that corresponding frequency feedback signals are generated at different positions of the rail to be tested;

[0113] S430, using a receiving module to receive a frequency feedback signal, and converting the frequency feedback signal into an excitation feedback signal;

[0114] S440, convert and calculate the excitation feedback signal to obtain the rail vibration frequency, obtain the corresponding position information of the rail vibration frequency, draw a rail frequency position diagram according to the corresponding position information and the rail vibration frequency, analyze all fasteners of the rail to be tested based on the rail frequency position diagram, and obtain the fastener detection result.

[0115] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, step S100 specifically includes:

[0116] S510, receiving a fastener detection instruction input by a user;

[0117] S520, generating a corresponding frequency control signal according to the fastener detection instruction;

[0118] S530 , forming a corresponding excitation digital signal by adopting a direct digital frequency synthesis method in a control module according to the frequency control signal.

[0119] In the embodiment of the present invention, when a train passes through a section of rail, a laser with a frequency of f is used to irradiate the surface of the object to be measured. Due to the action of the train, the rail vibrates, and the reflected light will produce a Doppler frequency shift f. D , the frequency is f+f r The reference beam has a frequency of f+f D The reflected light beam is projected onto the photoelectric detector and processed by the rail fastener detection device. D -f r The signal due to f r It is known that the vibration frequency can be obtained through calculation. When the fastener is not loose, the vibration frequency is the natural frequency. If the fastener is loose, by comparing it with the vibration frequency of the rail where the fastener is not loose, it can be known that the rail corresponding to the vibration frequency has loose fasteners.

[0120] It should be noted that the steps in the method in the above embodiment can be increased or expanded according to the various modules in the rail fastener detection device. For the specific implementation method, please refer to the description in the embodiment of the rail fastener detection device, which will not be repeated here.

[0121] The rail fastener detection device and method provided by the present invention are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for technical personnel in this field, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0122] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing related hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium is a disk, an optical disk, a read-only storage memory, or a random access memory, etc.

[0123] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail fastener detection device, characterized in that: The rail fastener detection device comprises: a control module, a transmitting module, a receiving module and a laser evaluation instrument; Wherein, the control module is connected to the transmitting module and the receiving module respectively, and the laser evaluation instrument is connected to the transmitting module and the receiving module respectively; The control module is used to generate a corresponding excitation digital signal when the train runs on the rail to be tested and receives a fastener detection instruction, and output the excitation digital signal to the transmitting module; The transmitting module is used to convert the excitation digital signal into a sinusoidal excitation signal, and use the sinusoidal excitation signal to drive the laser evaluation instrument to send a detection signal to the rail to be tested, so that corresponding frequency feedback signals are generated at different positions of the rail to be tested; The laser evaluation instrument is used to receive the frequency feedback signal, and convert the frequency feedback signal into a voltage signal and then output it to the receiving module; The receiving module is used to receive the voltage signal and convert the voltage signal into an excitation feedback signal, and output the excitation feedback signal to the control module; The control module is further used to convert and calculate the excitation feedback signal to obtain the rail vibration frequency, obtain the corresponding position information of the rail vibration frequency, and draw a rail frequency position diagram according to the corresponding position information and the rail vibration frequency, and analyze all the fasteners of the rail to be tested based on the rail frequency position diagram to obtain the fastener detection result; The control module includes: a single chip microcomputer and a field programmable gate array; Wherein, the field programmable gate array is connected to the single chip computer, the transmitting module and the receiving module respectively; The single chip microcomputer is used to send a corresponding drive signal to the field programmable gate array when the train runs on the rail to be tested and receives a fastener detection instruction; The field programmable gate array is used to generate a corresponding excitation digital signal according to the driving signal, and send the excitation digital signal to the transmitting module; The field programmable gate array is further used to cache the excitation feedback signal output by the receiving module; The single chip microcomputer is also used to convert and calculate the excitation feedback signal to obtain the rail vibration frequency, obtain the corresponding position information of the rail vibration frequency, and draw a rail frequency position diagram based on the corresponding position information and the rail vibration frequency, and analyze all fasteners of the rail to be tested based on the rail frequency position diagram to obtain the fastener detection results.

2. The rail fastener detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastener test results are: When the difference between the rail vibration frequency and the rail natural frequency is greater than a preset threshold, the fastener detection result is that the fastener at the position corresponding to the rail vibration frequency is abnormal; When the difference between the rail vibration frequency and the rail natural frequency is less than the preset threshold, the fastener detection result is that the fastener at the position corresponding to the rail vibration frequency is normal; The natural frequency of the rail is the average vibration frequency of the entire rail to be tested.

3. The rail fastener detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module also includes: a GPS positioning unit; Wherein, the GPS positioning unit is connected to the single chip microcomputer; The GPS positioning unit is used to upload the position information of the rail fastener detection device to the single chip microcomputer in real time.

4. The rail fastener detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitting module includes: a first digital-to-analog conversion circuit, a first differential circuit, a first low-pass filter circuit and a power amplifier circuit; Wherein, one end of the first digital-to-analog conversion circuit is connected to the field programmable gate array, the other end of the first digital-to-analog conversion circuit is connected to one end of the first differential circuit, the other end of the first differential circuit is connected to one end of the first low-pass filter circuit, the other end of the first low-pass filter circuit is connected to one end of the power amplifier circuit, and the other end of the power amplifier circuit is connected to the input end of the laser evaluation instrument; The first digital-to-analog conversion circuit is used to convert the excitation digital signal into an excitation analog signal, and send the excitation analog signal to the first differential circuit; The first differential circuit is used to convert the excitation analog signal into a single output signal, and output the single output signal to the first low-pass filter circuit; The first low-pass filter circuit is used to filter the single output signal to obtain a sinusoidal excitation signal, and output the sinusoidal excitation signal to the power amplifier circuit; The power amplifier circuit is used to drive the laser evaluation instrument to send a detection signal to the rail to be tested according to the sinusoidal excitation signal.

5. The rail fastener detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving module includes: a second low-pass filter circuit, a second differential circuit and a second digital-to-analog conversion circuit; Wherein, one end of the second digital-to-analog conversion circuit is connected to the field programmable gate array, the other end of the second digital-to-analog conversion circuit is connected to one end of the second differential circuit, the other end of the second differential circuit is connected to one end of the second low-pass filter circuit, and the other end of the second low-pass filter circuit is connected to the output end of the laser evaluation instrument; The second low-pass filter circuit is used to filter out high-frequency interference signals in the voltage signal, obtain a single-channel differential signal, and output the single-channel differential signal to the second differential circuit; The second differential circuit is used to convert the single-channel differential signal into a dual-channel differential signal and output the dual-channel differential signal to the second digital-to-analog conversion circuit; The second digital-to-analog conversion circuit is used to convert the dual-path differential signal into an excitation feedback signal and output it to the field programmable gate array.

6. The rail fastener detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rail fastener detection device further includes: a touch screen; Wherein, the touch screen is connected to the control module; The touch screen is used to transmit the fastener detection instruction input by the user to the control module; The touch screen is also used to receive the rail fastener detection result uploaded by the control module, and display the rail fastener detection result to the user through the display panel of the touch screen.

7. The rail fastener detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rail fastener detection device further comprises: an alarm; Wherein, the alarm is connected to the control module; The control module is further used to send an alarm signal to the alarm device when the fastener detection result shows that the fastener is abnormal; The alarm is used to warn the user when receiving an alarm signal.

8. A rail fastener detection method, applied to the rail fastener detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The rail fastener detection method comprises: Obtain fastener detection instructions and generate corresponding excitation digital signals; Convert the excitation digital signal into a detection signal based on a transmitting module, and transmit the detection signal to different positions of the rail to be tested, so that corresponding frequency feedback signals are generated at different positions of the rail to be tested; Using a receiving module to receive the frequency feedback signal and convert the frequency feedback signal into an excitation feedback signal; The excitation feedback signal is converted and calculated to obtain the rail vibration frequency, the corresponding position information of the rail vibration frequency is obtained, a rail frequency position diagram is drawn according to the corresponding position information and the rail vibration frequency, all fasteners of the rail to be tested are analyzed based on the rail frequency position diagram to obtain the fastener detection result.

9. The rail fastener detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step of obtaining a fastener detection instruction and generating a corresponding excitation digital signal comprises: Receiving a fastener detection instruction input by a user; generating a corresponding frequency control signal according to the fastener detection instruction; A corresponding excitation digital signal is formed according to the frequency control signal by adopting a direct digital frequency synthesis method.

Images