Electrical penetrators and methods of manufacturing the same

Abstract

An electrical feedthrough and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The electrical feedthrough includes a lead pin, a housing, a glass, and an inner guide surface and / or an outer guide surface. The housing is located radially outward of the lead pin. The glass is located between the lead pin and the housing, insulating the lead pin and the housing from each other. The glass defines an axial inner heterogeneous interface with the lead pin and an axial outer heterogeneous interface with the housing. The inner guide surface defines an inner crack surface with the glass, the inner crack surface extending from an axial end surface of the glass to the axial inner heterogeneous interface. The outer guide surface defines an outer crack surface with the glass, the outer crack surface extending from the axial end surface of the glass to the axial outer heterogeneous interface. In this way, the electrical feedthrough can have better stability and durability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nuclear reactors, and more specifically to an electrical penetration component and a method for manufacturing the same. Background Technology

[0002] Electrical penetrations are specialized electrical devices used in nuclear reactors. Installed on the reactor containment vessel, they allow cables to pass through. A typical electrical penetration consists of three concentric parts: from the outside in, a shell that connects to the reactor containment vessel; insulating material that provides insulation and sealing; and a conductor that allows electrical continuity.

[0003] The insulating material can be glass. During the manufacturing process, the assembled components are placed in a furnace for high-temperature sealing. When the temperature reaches the melting point of the glass, the glass melts into a liquid state and fully wets the inner and outer metals. After cooling, the glass will bond to the metal.

[0004] Electrical penetrations using glass as the insulating material have the following excellent properties.

[0005] Firstly, electrical penetrations can withstand significant pressure. Generally, the shell has the highest coefficient of thermal expansion, followed by the glass, while the guide material has a slightly lower coefficient. During cooling, the shell contracts the most, compressing the entire assembly layer by layer from the outside in. Glass is a material with high compressive strength but low tensile strength; the compressive stress imparted to the glass by the shell enables it to withstand greater pressure, making it more suitable for the application conditions of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors and improving the reliability of electrical penetrations.

[0006] Secondly, electrical penetrations are suitable for extreme environments. Glass has excellent radiation resistance and anti-aging properties, making it possible to use electrical penetrations in more extreme environments.

[0007] However, electrical penetrations are prone to leakage. Glass, being a brittle material, is the weakest link in electrical penetrations. During manufacturing and service, axial cracks can easily form inside the glass. These cracks can easily penetrate the glass axially, providing a pathway for gas leakage and reducing the reliability and service life of the electrical penetration. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This application is made in view of the state of the prior art described above. The object of this application is to provide an electrical penetration component and a method for manufacturing the same, which can overcome at least one of the disadvantages described in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution.

[0010] This application provides an electrical penetration member comprising: a guide pin; a housing located radially outward of the guide pin; and a glass located between the guide pin and the housing, such that the guide pin and the housing are insulated from each other, the glass defining an axially inward heterogeneous interface with the guide pin and an axially outward heterogeneous interface with the housing; the electrical penetration member further comprising: an inner guide surface defining an inner crack surface with the glass, the inner crack surface extending from an axial end face of the glass to the axially inward heterogeneous interface; and / or an outer guide surface defining an outer crack surface with the glass, the outer crack surface extending from an axial end face of the glass to the axially outward heterogeneous interface.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the inner guide surface includes a first inner guide surface and a second inner guide surface, the first inner guide surface and the glass defining a first inner crack surface, the first inner crack surface extending arcuately from one axial end face of the glass to the axial inner heterogeneous interface, the second inner guide surface and the glass defining a second inner crack surface, the second inner crack surface extending arcuately from the other axial end face of the glass to the axial inner heterogeneous interface.

[0012] In another alternative embodiment, the outer guide surface includes a first outer guide surface and a second outer guide surface, the first outer guide surface and the glass defining a first outer crack surface, the first outer crack surface extending arcuately from one axial end face of the glass to the axially external heterogeneous interface, the second outer guide surface and the glass defining a second outer crack surface, the second outer crack surface extending arcuately from the other axial end face of the glass to the axially external heterogeneous interface.

[0013] In another alternative embodiment, the guide pin includes an integrally formed inner base and an inner protrusion. The inner base is cylindrical, and the inner protrusion protrudes radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the inner base and extends circumferentially around the inner base. The end face of the inner protrusion forms the inner guide surface, and the axial end face of the inner protrusion near the glass is flush with the axial end face of the glass.

[0014] In another alternative embodiment, the housing includes an integrally formed outer base and an outer protrusion. The outer base is formed in an annular shape, and the outer protrusion protrudes radially inward from the inner circumferential surface of the outer base and extends circumferentially around the outer base. The end face of the outer protrusion forms the outer guide surface, and the axial end face of the outer protrusion near the glass is flush with the axial end face of the glass.

[0015] In another alternative embodiment, an inner ring is further included, which is fitted radially outward of the guide pin, the end face of the inner ring forming the inner guide surface, and the axial end face of the inner ring near the glass being flush with the axial end face of the glass.

[0016] In another alternative embodiment, an outer ring is also included, with the housing fitted radially outside the outer ring, the end face of the outer ring forming the outer guide surface, and the axial end face of the outer ring near the glass being flush with the axial end face of the glass.

[0017] In another alternative embodiment, the width of the inner guide surface in the radial direction of the electrical penetration is greater than the maximum stress distance of the axial inner heterogeneous interface, and / or the width of the outer guide surface in the radial direction of the electrical penetration is greater than the maximum stress distance of the axial outer heterogeneous interface.

[0018] This application also provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned electrical penetration member, comprising: providing the inner guide surface, which includes a first inner guide surface and a second inner guide surface; providing the outer guide surface, which includes a first outer guide surface and a second outer guide surface; and placing a glass raw material between the guide pin and the housing, heating the glass raw material to bring it into a molten state, and bringing the axial end face of the molten glass raw material to fit against the inner guide surface and the outer guide surface, thereby sealing the glass raw material with the guide pin and the housing.

[0019] In one optional embodiment, the method includes: making the first inner guide surface and the first outer guide surface flush; making the second inner guide surface and the second outer guide surface flush; making one end face of the glass material extend beyond the first inner guide surface and the first outer guide surface, and the other end face of the glass material flush with the second inner guide surface and the second outer guide surface; after heating the glass material, making the other end face of the molten glass material fit against the second inner guide surface and the second outer guide surface, and making one end face of the molten glass material fit against the first inner guide surface and the first outer guide surface; and cooling the molten glass material to seal it to the inner guide surface and the outer guide surface.

[0020] In another alternative embodiment, the method includes: making the second inner guide surface and the second outer guide surface flush; making the other end face of the glass material fit against the second inner guide surface and the second outer guide surface, and making the first inner guide surface and the first outer guide surface fit against one end face of the glass material; and fixing the first inner guide surface to the guide pin and fixing the first outer guide surface to the housing.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the stress distribution state inside the glass is changed by setting the inner guide surface and / or the outer guide surface, thereby changing the initiation location and propagation direction of cracks in the glass, preventing cracks from penetrating in the axial direction, thus solving the leakage problem of electrical penetrations and improving the stability and durability of electrical penetrations. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an existing electrical penetration is shown.

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an electrical penetration member according to a first embodiment of this application is shown.

[0024] Figure 3 It shows Figure 2 A partial view of region B in the image.

[0025] Figure 4 It shows Figure 2 A partial view of region C in the image.

[0026] Figure 5 It shows Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the manufacturing method of the electrical penetration component.

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a method for manufacturing an electrical penetration member according to a second embodiment of this application is shown.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0029] 1 guide pin; 11 inner base; 12 first inner protrusion; 13 second inner protrusion;

[0030] 2. Shell; 21. Outer base; 22. First outward protrusion; 23. Second outward protrusion;

[0031] 3. Glass;

[0032] 4. Glass raw materials;

[0033] 5. Graphite molds;

[0034] 6. Inner Ring Road;

[0035] 7. Outer ring;

[0036] S11 First inner guide surface; S12 Second inner guide surface;

[0037] S21 First outer guide surface; S22 Second outer guide surface;

[0038] S31 First internal crack surface; S32 Second internal crack surface;

[0039] S41 First outer crack surface; S42 Second outer crack surface;

[0040] S5 crack surface;

[0041] S6 heterogeneous interface;

[0042] A is axial; R is radial. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Exemplary embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these specific descriptions are for teaching those skilled in the art how to implement this application only, and are not intended to exhaust all possible methods of this application, nor to limit the scope of this application.

[0044] In this application, unless otherwise specified, "one overlapping with another in a certain direction" means that, when viewed from that direction, one and the other obscure each other. "Crack surface" is a virtual surface.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 Existing electrical penetration devices may include a guide pin 1, a housing 2, and a glass 3. Specifically, the guide pin 1 and the housing 2 may be made of metal. The glass 3 may be located between the guide pin 1 and the housing 2 to insulate the guide pin 1 and the housing 2 from each other. The glass 3 may be sealed to the guide pin 1 and the housing 2, forming a glass-metal heterogeneous interface S6. Axially penetrating cracks are prone to form inside the glass 3, making existing electrical penetration devices susceptible to leakage.

[0046] The applicant discovered that the initiation and propagation of cracks follow a pattern. Specifically, a crack surface S5 can form inside the glass 3. Cracks may initiate at the intersection of the crack surface S5 and the end face of the glass 3, and propagate along the crack surface S5. Stress studies inside the glass 3 show that the stress at the center of the glass 3 is the lowest in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction A. The stress gradually increases as the distance to the heterogeneous interface S6 decreases. The stress reaches its maximum value at a distance of approximately several hundred micrometers to several millimeters from the heterogeneous interface S6. This distance is influenced by factors such as size, glass composition, technology, and external loads, and the spacing between the crack surface S5 and the heterogeneous interface S6 satisfies this distance. In this application, this distance corresponding to a certain heterogeneous interface is referred to as the maximum stress distance of that heterogeneous interface.

[0047] (First Embodiment)

[0048] Figures 2 to 5 An electrical penetration member according to a first embodiment of the present application and a method for manufacturing the same are shown.

[0049] Reference Figures 2 to 4 The electrical penetration component in this embodiment may include a guide pin 1, a housing 2, and a glass 3.

[0050] The guide needle 1 may include an integrally formed inner base 11, a first inner protrusion 12, and a second inner protrusion 13. Specifically, the inner base 11 may be cylindrical. The first inner protrusion 12 and the second inner protrusion 13 may protrude radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the inner base 11 and extend circumferentially. The other end face of the first inner protrusion 12 ( Figure 2The lower end face of the second inner protrusion 13 can be formed as a first inner guide surface S11, which can be an annular plane perpendicular to the axial direction A. Figure 2 The upper end face of the part can be formed as a second inner guide surface S12, which can be an annular plane perpendicular to the axial direction A. The first inner protrusion 12 and the second inner protrusion 13 can be spaced apart in the axial direction A, and the first inner guide surface S11 and the second inner guide surface S12 can be arranged parallel to each other and opposite to each other.

[0051] The housing 2 may include an integrally formed outer base 21, a first outward protrusion 22, and a second outward protrusion 23. Specifically, the outer base 21 may be annular. The first outward protrusion 22 and the second outward protrusion 23 may protrude radially inward from the inner circumferential surface of the outer base 21 and extend circumferentially. The other end face of the first outward protrusion 22 ( Figure 2 The lower end face of the second outer protrusion 23 can be formed as a first outer guide surface S21, which can be an annular plane perpendicular to the axial direction A. Figure 2 The upper end face of the part can be formed as a second outer guide surface S22, which can be an annular plane perpendicular to the axial direction A. The first outer protrusion 22 and the second outer protrusion 23 can be spaced apart in the axial direction A, and the first outer guide surface S21 and the second outer guide surface S22 can be arranged parallel to each other and opposite to each other.

[0052] Glass 3 can be disposed between guide pin 1 and housing 2. Specifically, housing 2 can be sleeved on the radially outer side of guide pin 1 and arranged coaxially with guide pin 1. The first inner protrusion 12 can be aligned with the first outer protrusion 22, such that the first inner guide surface S11 and the first outer guide surface S21 are in the same plane. The second inner protrusion 13 can be aligned with the second outer protrusion 23, such that the second inner guide surface S12 and the second outer guide surface S22 are in the same plane. Glass 3 can be annular and located between guide pin 1 and housing 2, such that guide pin 1 and housing 2 are insulated from each other. The inner peripheral surface of glass 3 can be sealed with the outer peripheral surface of inner base 11, and the outer peripheral surface of glass 3 can be sealed with the inner peripheral surface of outer base 21. One end face of glass 3 ( Figure 2 The upper end face of the glass 3 can be sealed with the first inner guide surface S11 and the first outer guide surface S21, and the other end face of the glass 3 ( Figure 2 The lower end face of the middle can be sealed with the second inner guide face S12 and the second outer guide face S22.

[0053] Glass 3 can define an axially inner heterogeneous interface, a first radially inner heterogeneous interface, and a second radially inner heterogeneous interface with the guide pin 1. Specifically, the axially inner heterogeneous interface can be located at the junction of the inner circumferential surface of glass 3 and the outer circumferential surface of the inner base 11. The first radially inner heterogeneous interface can be located on one end face of glass 3. Figure 2 The junction of the upper end face of the glass 3 and the first inner guide face S11. The second radial inner heterogeneous interface can be located on the other end face of the glass 3. Figure 2 The junction of the lower end face of the first inner guide surface S11 and the second inner guide surface S12. The width of the first inner guide surface S11 in the radial direction R, or the width of the first inner protrusion 12 in the radial direction R, can be greater than the maximum stress distance of the axial inner heterogeneous interface. For example, this width can be 1 mm to 5 mm, especially 2 mm to 4 mm. The width of the second inner guide surface S12 in the radial direction R, or the width of the second inner protrusion 13 in the radial direction R, can be greater than the maximum stress distance of the axial inner heterogeneous interface. For example, this width can be 1 mm to 5 mm, especially 2 mm to 4 mm.

[0054] A first internal crack surface S31 and a second internal crack surface S32 can be formed inside the glass 3. Specifically, the first internal crack surface S31 can be formed from one end face of the glass 3. Figure 2 The upper end face of the glass 3 extends in an arc shape to the axially inner heterogeneous interface, and the second inner crack surface S32 can be obtained from the other end face of the glass 3. Figure 2 The lower end face of the middle extends in an arc shape to the axially inner heterogeneous interface.

[0055] The first internal crack surface S31 and the second internal crack surface S32 can change the initiation location and propagation direction of the crack. Specifically, in one possible case, the crack may initiate at the intersection of the first internal crack surface S31 and one end face of the glass 3 ( Figure 2 At the intersection of the upper end face of the glass 3 and the first inner crack surface S31, the crack propagates towards the inner circumferential surface of the glass 3. Guided by the first inner crack surface S31, the direction of crack propagation changes from axial A to radial R, preventing the crack from reaching the other end face of the glass 3. Figure 2 The crack will not penetrate along the axial direction A. Similarly, in another possible scenario, the crack may initiate at the intersection of the second internal crack surface S32 and the other end face of the glass 3 (the lower end face of the crack). Figure 2 At the intersection of the lower end face of the glass 3 and the second inner crack surface S32, the crack propagates towards the inner circumferential surface of the glass 3. Guided by the second inner crack surface S32, the direction of crack propagation changes from axial A to radial R, preventing the crack from reaching one end face of the glass 3. Figure 2 (the upper end face of the middle), so that it will not penetrate along the axial direction A.

[0056] The glass 3 can define an axially outward heterogeneous interface, a first radially outward heterogeneous interface, and a second radially outward heterogeneous interface with the housing 2. Specifically, the axially outward heterogeneous interface can be located at the junction of the outer peripheral surface of the glass 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer base 21. The first radially outward heterogeneous interface can be located on one end face of the glass 3. Figure 2The junction of the upper end face of the glass 3 and the first outer guide face S21. The second radially outer heterogeneous interface can be located on the other end face of the glass 3. Figure 2 The junction of the lower end face of the first outer guide surface S21 and the second outer guide surface S22. The width of the first outer guide surface S21 in the radial direction R, or the width of the first outer protrusion 22 in the radial direction R, can be greater than the maximum stress distance of the axially outward heterogeneous interface. For example, this width can be 1 mm to 5 mm, especially 2 mm to 4 mm. The width of the second outer guide surface S22 in the radial direction R, or the width of the second outer protrusion 23 in the radial direction R, can be greater than the maximum stress distance of the axially outward heterogeneous interface. For example, this width can be 1 mm to 5 mm, especially 2 mm to 4 mm.

[0057] A first external crack surface S41 and a second external crack surface S42 can be formed inside the glass 3. Specifically, the first external crack surface S41 can be formed from one end face of the glass 3. Figure 2 The upper end face of the glass 3 extends in an arc shape to the axially outward heterogeneous interface, and the second outer crack surface S42 can be obtained from the other end face of the glass 3. Figure 2 The lower end face of the middle extends in an arc shape to the axially outward heterogeneous interface.

[0058] The first outer crack surface S41 and the second outer crack surface S42 can change the initiation location and propagation direction of the crack. Specifically, in one possible case, the crack may initiate at the intersection of the first outer crack surface S41 and one end face of the glass 3. Figure 2 At the intersection of the upper end face of the glass 3 and the first outer crack surface S41, the crack propagates towards the outer peripheral surface of the glass 3. Guided by the first outer crack surface S41, the direction of crack propagation changes from axial A to radial R, preventing the crack from reaching the other end face of the glass 3. Figure 2 The crack will not penetrate along the axial direction A. Similarly, in another possible scenario, the crack may initiate at the intersection of the second outer crack surface S42 and the other end face of the glass 3 (the lower end face of the crack). Figure 2 At the intersection of the lower end face of the glass 3 and the second outer crack surface S42, the crack propagates towards the outer peripheral surface of the glass 3. Guided by the second outer crack surface S42, the direction of crack propagation changes from axial A to radial R, preventing the crack from reaching one end face of the glass 3. Figure 2 (the upper end face of the middle), so that it will not penetrate along the axial direction A.

[0059] In this way, by setting the inner and outer guiding surfaces, the stress distribution inside the glass 3 is changed, thereby changing the initiation location and propagation direction of the crack in the glass 3, preventing the crack from penetrating along the axial direction A, thus solving the leakage problem of the electrical penetration component and improving the stability and durability of the electrical penetration component.

[0060] Furthermore, by setting the first inner guide surface S11 and the second inner guide surface S12, the inner guide surface can change the initiation position and propagation direction of the crack on both sides of the glass 3 in the axial direction, thereby further improving the integrity and stability of the electrical penetration component.

[0061] Furthermore, by setting the first outer guide surface S21 and the second outer guide surface S22, the outer guide surface can change the initiation position and propagation direction of the crack on both sides of the axial direction of the glass 3, thereby further improving the integrity and stability of the electrical penetration component.

[0062] Reference Figure 5 The manufacturing method of an electrical penetration component may include:

[0063] An inner guide surface is provided, which includes a first inner guide surface S11 and a second inner guide surface S12, the first inner guide surface S11 and the second inner guide surface S12 being arranged parallel to each other and opposite to each other.

[0064] An outer guide surface is provided, which includes a first outer guide surface S21 and a second outer guide surface S22, the first outer guide surface S21 and the second outer guide surface S22 being arranged parallel to each other and opposite to each other;

[0065] Make the first inner guide surface S11 and the first outer guide surface S21 flush, and make the second inner guide surface S12 and the second outer guide surface S22 flush;

[0066] Make the other end face of glass material 4 ( Figure 5 The lower end face of the glass material 4 is flush with the second inner guide surface S12 and the second outer guide surface S22. Figure 5 The upper end face of the middle (the middle) exceeds the first inner guide surface S11 and the first outer guide surface S21;

[0067] Heating glass raw material 4 to bring it into a molten state;

[0068] The other end face of the molten glass raw material 4 is brought into contact with the second inner guide surface S12 and the second outer guide surface S22, and one end face of the molten glass raw material 4 is brought into contact with the first inner guide surface S11 and the first outer guide surface S21; and

[0069] Cool the molten glass material 4 to seal it with the guide pin 1 and the housing 2.

[0070] The guide pin 1 and the housing 2 can be installed on the graphite mold 5. Specifically, under the guidance of the graphite mold 5, the first inner guide surface S11 can be flush with the first outer guide surface S21, and the second inner guide surface S12 can be flush with the second outer guide surface S22.

[0071] The glass material 4 can be inserted between the guide pin 1 and the housing 2. Specifically, the glass material 4 can be annular. The inner diameter of the glass material 4 can be equal to the outer diameter of the first inner protrusion 12 and the second inner protrusion 13, and the outer diameter of the glass material 4 can be equal to the inner diameter of the first outer protrusion 22 and the second outer protrusion 23. The other end face of the glass material 4 ( Figure 3 The lower end face of the glass raw material 4 can abut against the graphite mold 5 and is flush with the second inner guide surface S12 and the second outer guide surface S22. One end face of the glass raw material 4 ( Figure 3 The upper end face of the middle can extend beyond the first inner guide surface S11 and the first outer guide surface S21.

[0072] The glass raw material 4 can be heated to a molten state. Specifically, the guide pin 1, the shell 2, the glass raw material 4, and the graphite mold 5 can be placed in a sealing furnace and heated. The heated glass raw material 4 can be in a molten state and can flow to fill the surrounding gaps. Accordingly, since the change in the total volume of the glass raw material 4 is small, the height of one end face of the glass raw material 4 will decrease. The volume of the glass raw material 4 can be calculated so that one end face of the glass raw material 4 can be lowered to a height exactly flush with the first inner guide surface S11 and the first outer guide surface S21. After the glass raw material 4 cools, it can have a height equal to... Figure 2 The glass in the middle has the same shape as glass 3.

[0073] (Second Embodiment)

[0074] The second embodiment is a variation of the first embodiment. For features that are the same as or similar to those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are used in this embodiment, and detailed descriptions of these features are omitted.

[0075] The electrical penetrator in this embodiment may include a guide pin 1, a housing 2, a glass 3, an inner ring 6, and an outer ring 7.

[0076] The inner ring 6 can be welded to the guide pin 1. Specifically, compared to the first embodiment, the guide pin 1 may no longer include the first inner protrusion 12. The inner ring 6 can be formed in an annular shape and can be disposed radially outside the inner base 11. The inner circumferential surface of the inner ring 6 can fit against the outer circumferential surface of the inner base 11 and be welded to the outer circumferential surface of the inner base 11. The other axial end face of the inner ring 6 ( Figure 6 The lower end face of the inner ring 6 can be formed as a first inner guide surface S11. The inner ring 6 can be made of metal, for example, it can be made of the same material as the guide pin 1.

[0077] The outer ring 7 can be welded to the housing 2. Specifically, compared to the first embodiment, the housing 2 may no longer include the first outward protrusion 22. The outer ring 7 can be formed in an annular shape and can be disposed radially inside the outer base 21. The outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 7 can fit against the inner peripheral surface of the outer base 21 and be welded to the inner peripheral surface of the outer base 21. The other axial end face of the outer ring 7 ( Figure 6 The lower end face of the outer ring 7 can be formed as a first outer guide face S21. The outer ring 7 can be made of metal, for example, it can be made of the same material as the housing 2.

[0078] Reference Figure 6 The manufacturing method of an electrical penetration component may include:

[0079] An inner guide surface is provided, which includes a first inner guide surface S11 and a second inner guide surface S12;

[0080] An outer guide surface is provided, which includes a first outer guide surface S21 and a second outer guide surface S22;

[0081] Make the second inner guide surface S12 and the second outer guide surface S22 flush;

[0082] Make the other end face of the glass material 4 fit against the second inner guide surface S12 and the second outer guide surface S22;

[0083] Make the first inner guide surface S11 and the first outer guide surface S21 flush with one end face of the glass raw material 4. Figure 6 (The upper surface of the middle) fits;

[0084] The second inner guide surface and the guide pin 1 are fixed to each other, and the second outer guide surface and the housing 2 are fixed to each other;

[0085] Heating glass raw material 4 to bring it into a molten state; and

[0086] Cool the molten glass material 4 to seal it with the guide pin 1 and the housing 2.

[0087] Here, the glass material 4 can be inserted between the guide pin 1 and the housing 2. Specifically, compared to the first embodiment, the inner diameter of the glass material 4 can be equal to the outer diameter of the inner base 11, and the outer diameter of the glass material 4 can be equal to the inner diameter of the outer base 21. The other end face of the glass material 4 ( Figure 6 The lower end face of the graphite mold 5 can abut against the graphite mold 5 and fit with the second inner guide surface S12 and the second outer guide surface S22.

[0088] Before heating the glass material 4, the inner ring 6 and the outer ring 7 can abut against the glass material 4. Specifically, after the glass material 4 is in contact with the second inner guide surface S12 and the second outer guide surface S22, the inner ring 6 and the outer ring 7 can be placed between the guide pin 1 and the housing 2, so that the first inner guide surface S11 and the first outer guide surface S21 are against one end face of the glass material 4. Figure 6 The upper end face of the inner ring 6 is attached to the outer ring 7. Then, the inner ring 6 can be welded to the guide pin 1 and the outer ring 7 can be welded to the housing 2 by means of laser cladding welding, for example.

[0089] It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit this application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the above embodiments under the teachings of this application without departing from the scope of this application.

[0090] It should be understood that the inner guide surface is not limited to including the first inner guide surface S11 and the second inner guide surface S12; for example, it may include only one of the two.

[0091] It should be understood that the outer guide surface is not limited to including the first outer guide surface S21 and the second outer guide surface S22; for example, it may include only one of the two.

[0092] It should be understood that the inner guide surface is not limited to being formed by an inner protrusion or an inner ring 6. For example, the guide pin 1 may be provided with an annular groove, and the annular wall surface of the annular groove that is perpendicular to the axial direction A may be formed as the inner guide surface.

[0093] It should be understood that the outer guide surface is not limited to being formed by an outer protrusion or an outer ring 7. For example, the housing 2 may be provided with an annular groove, and the annular wall surface of the annular groove perpendicular to the axial direction A may be formed as the outer guide surface.

[0094] It should be understood that glass 3 may include microcrystalline glass (glass ceramic) or glass-based composite materials.

Claims

1. An electrical penetration member, comprising: Guide needle (1); The housing (2) is located radially outside the guide pin (1); A glass (3) is located between the guide pin (1) and the housing (2) to insulate the guide pin (1) and the housing (2) from each other. The glass (3) and the guide pin (1) define an axially inward heterogeneous interface, and the glass (3) and the housing (2) define an axially outward heterogeneous interface. The electrical penetration member is characterized in that it further includes: Inner guiding surfaces (S11, S12), which together with the glass (3) define inner crack surfaces (S31, S32), the inner crack surfaces (S31, S32) extending from the axial end face of the glass (3) to the axial inner heterogeneous interface; and / or The outer guide surfaces (S21, S22) define an outer crack surface (S41, S42) with the glass (3), the outer crack surface (S41, S42) extending from the axial end face of the glass (3) to the axial outer heterogeneous interface.

2. The electrical penetration member according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner guide surfaces (S11, S12) include a first inner guide surface (S11) and a second inner guide surface (S12). The first inner guide surface (S11) and the glass (3) define a first inner crack surface (S31), which extends arcuately from one axial end face of the glass (3) to the axial inner heterogeneous interface. The second inner guide surface (S12) and the glass (3) define a second inner crack surface (S32), which extends arcuately from the other end face of the glass (3) to the axial inner heterogeneous interface.

3. The electrical penetration member according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer guide surfaces (S21, S22) include a first outer guide surface (S21) and a second outer guide surface (S22). The first outer guide surface (S21) and the glass (3) define a first outer crack surface (S41), which extends arcuately from one axial end face of the glass (3) to the axial outer heterogeneous interface. The second outer guide surface (S22) and the glass (3) define a second outer crack surface (S42), which extends arcuately from the other side of the axial end face of the glass (3) to the axial outer heterogeneous interface.

4. The electrical penetration member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The guide needle (1) includes an integrally formed inner base (11) and inner protrusions (12, 13). The inner base (11) is cylindrical, and the inner protrusions (12, 13) protrude radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the inner base (11) and extend circumferentially around the inner base (11). The end faces of the inner protrusions (12, 13) form the inner guide surfaces (S11, S12). The axial end face of the inner protrusion (12, 13) near the glass (3) is flush with the axial end face of the glass (3).

5. The electrical penetration member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The housing (2) includes an integrally formed outer base (21) and outward protrusions (22, 23). The outer base (21) is formed in an annular shape. The outward protrusions (22, 23) protrude radially inward from the inner circumferential surface of the outer base (21) and extend circumferentially around the outer base (21). The end faces of the outward protrusions (22, 23) form the outer guide surfaces (S21, S22). The axial end face of the protrusions (22, 23) near the glass (3) is flush with the axial end face of the glass (3).

6. The electrical penetration member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes an inner ring (6), which is sleeved on the radial outer side of the guide pin (1), and the end face of the inner ring (6) forms the inner guide surface (S11, S12). The axial end face of the inner ring (6) near the glass (3) is flush with the axial end face of the glass (3).

7. The electrical penetration member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes an outer ring (7), the housing (2) being fitted on the radially outer side of the outer ring (7), and the end face of the outer ring (7) forming the outer guide surface (S21, S22). The axial end face of the outer ring (7) near the glass (3) is flush with the axial end face of the glass (3).

8. The electrical penetration member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The width of the inner guide surfaces (S11, S12) in the radial direction of the electrical penetration member is greater than the maximum stress distance of the axial inner heterogeneous interface, and / or The width of the outer guide surfaces (S21, S22) in the radial direction of the electrical penetration is greater than the maximum stress distance of the axially outward heterogeneous interface.

9. A method for manufacturing an electrical penetration member according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: The inner guide surfaces (S11, S12) are provided, which include a first inner guide surface (S11) and a second inner guide surface (S12); The outer guide surfaces (S21, S22) are provided, which include a first outer guide surface (S21) and a second outer guide surface (S22); as well as The glass material (4) is positioned between the guide pin (1) and the housing (2). The glass material (4) is heated to bring it into a molten state. The axial end face of the molten glass material (4) is then brought into contact with the inner guide surface (S11, S12) and the outer guide surface (S21, S22) to seal the glass material (4) with the guide pin (1) and the housing (2).

10. The manufacturing method according to claim 9, characterized in that, include: Make the first inner guide surface (S11) and the first outer guide surface (S21) flush; Make the second inner guide surface (S12) and the second outer guide surface (S22) flush; One end face of the glass material (4) extends beyond the first inner guide surface (S11) and the first outer guide surface (S21), while the other end face of the glass material (4) is flush with the second inner guide surface (S12) and the second outer guide surface (S22). After heating the glass raw material (4), the other end face of the molten glass raw material (4) is brought into contact with the second inner guide surface (S12) and the second outer guide surface (S22), and the other end face of the molten glass raw material (4) is brought into contact with the first inner guide surface (S11) and the first outer guide surface (S21); and The glass raw material (4) in a molten state is cooled so that the glass raw material (4) is sealed with the inner guide surface (S11, S12) and the outer guide surface (S21, S22).

11. The manufacturing method according to claim 9, characterized in that, include: Make the second inner guide surface (S12) and the second outer guide surface (S22) flush; Make the other end face of the glass material (4) fit with the second inner guide surface (S12) and the second outer guide surface (S22), and make the first inner guide surface (S11) and the first outer guide surface (S21) fit with one end face of the glass material (4); as well as The first inner guide surface (S11) is fixed to the guide pin (1), and the first outer guide surface (S21) is fixed to the housing (2).

Images